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Check

Check may refer to:

Everyday uses

Financial instrument

A check, known as a cheque in British English and other Commonwealth countries, is a negotiable financial instrument consisting of a written order from the drawer (the account holder) directing their bank (the drawee) to pay a specified sum of money from the drawer's account to the named payee or, in some cases, to the bearer.^[1]^[2] This document serves as a secure method for transferring funds without the need to carry cash, relying on the banking system's verification and clearing processes to ensure payment.^[3] The origins of the check trace back to the 18th century in England, where the term derives from the sense of verification, akin to checking off items on a list, with roots in the chess term for threatening the king, entering English via Old French "eschec" around the 14th century.^[4] Although precursors like bills of exchange existed earlier in medieval Europe for trade, the modern check evolved as a standardized banking tool during this period, with printed forms emerging around 1762 and widespread adoption by the late 1700s to facilitate domestic and international payments amid restrictions on banknotes.^[5] By the 19th century, checks had become integral to commercial banking, particularly in the United States following the establishment of institutions like the Bank of New York in 1784.^[3] Essential components of a check include the date of issuance, which determines its validity and processing timeline; the payee's name, specifying the recipient; the payment amount expressed in both numeric (e.g., $100.00) and written (e.g., one hundred dollars) forms to minimize fraud risks; the drawer's signature for authorization; and bank-specific details such as the routing number, account number, and the bank's name and location, often encoded in magnetic ink for automated reading.^[6] These elements ensure the instrument's legal enforceability under the Uniform Commercial Code in the US and similar regulations elsewhere.^[1] By 2025, check usage has sharply declined due to the proliferation of electronic alternatives like ACH transfers, debit cards, and digital wallets, which offer faster and more convenient processing. The Federal Reserve Payments Study reports that total check payments in the US dropped from approximately 42 billion in 2000 to 14.0 billion in 2018 and further to 11.2 billion in 2021, reflecting an average annual decline of 7.2% in the latter period, a trend continuing amid ongoing digitization.^[7]^[8]

Verification symbol

The check mark, typically rendered as ✓, serves as a graphical symbol denoting affirmation, verification, or selection in various contexts. This symbol, also known as a tick or tick mark, features a V-shaped stroke with an extension forming a short tail, creating a resemblance to a bird's foot or the footprint of a jackdaw (a type of crow). Variants include the simpler V form or more angular styles used in handwriting and digital interfaces. In Unicode, it is standardized as U+2713 CHECK MARK, part of the Dingbats block, facilitating consistent representation across computing platforms.^[9] Historically, check marks trace back to ancient cuneiform writing on Babylonian tablets from the second millennium BCE, where small wedge-shaped indentations marked completed tallies or verified entries in administrative records, aiding in inventory and accounting. This practice evolved into modern usage during the 19th century, particularly in auditing and education, where tick marks denoted procedures performed or items confirmed without lengthy explanations. While popular accounts link the V shape to Roman abbreviations like "verum" (truth) or "victoria" (victory) for endorsing documents, primary evidence for this etymology remains limited, with the symbol's widespread adoption tied to practical needs in checklists and ledgers by the 1800s.^[10]^[11] In everyday applications, the check mark appears on graded papers to signify correct answers, in to-do lists to track completed tasks, and in quality control processes to confirm inspected items meet standards. For instance, auditors use abbreviated tick variants (e.g., √ or ∨) next to financial figures to indicate verification steps like addition checks or reconciliations. In user interfaces, it manifests as checkboxes—interactive elements allowing multiple selections—prevalent in forms, settings menus, and e-commerce for options like shipping preferences.^[11]^[12] Cultural interpretations vary regionally; in some East Asian contexts, such as Japan, a check mark-like stroke may highlight errors for review (e.g., in mathematics education, prompting students to "check again"), while a filled circle denotes correctness, inverting Western conventions. By 2025, the symbol's role in digital accessibility has been formalized under Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.2, requiring checkboxes to have programmatically associated labels, sufficient color contrast (at least 3:1 for non-text elements), and keyboard-navigable states to ensure usability for screen reader users and those with motor impairments. Psychologically, the check mark evokes positivity and a sense of completion, as studies show it symbolically associates with "good" outcomes, enhancing judgments of quality and satisfaction compared to negative symbols like X. Cognitive research links marking tasks complete—via checklists—with dopamine release, fostering motivation and reduced anxiety through perceived progress, particularly in goal-oriented activities.^[13]

Deferral promise

The term "rain check" originated in the 1880s as an Americanism in baseball, where spectators who had paid admission to outdoor games interrupted by rain received vouchers or tickets redeemable for future matches.^[14]^[15] This practice addressed the financial loss for fans attending open-air stadium events, with the first recorded uses appearing in print around 1884.^[14] In contemporary usage, "rain check" has evolved into an idiomatic expression signifying a polite deferral of an offer or invitation to a later time, particularly when immediate fulfillment is not possible due to circumstances like unavailability.^[16] It commonly applies to social engagements, such as postponing a dinner invitation, or commercial scenarios, like requesting to claim a sale price on an item after stock replenishment.^[17] Unlike a formal IOU, which implies a debt repayment, or a simple postponement, a rain check emphasizes courteous goodwill and intent to honor the original terms without obligation.^[16] Representative examples include retail promotions where customers receive rain checks for sold-out sale items, allowing purchase at the discounted price once restocked; job interviews deferred due to scheduling conflicts, with the phrase signaling continued interest; and event tickets for rescheduled concerts or games.^[18] In one instance, a grocery chain like Publix issues such checks for advertised reduced-price items unavailable at the time of visit.^[19] Similarly, a rain check might briefly apply to restaurant reservations canceled due to overbooking, promising priority access for a future date.^[20] By 2025, the concept has adapted to digital platforms, where e-commerce waitlists and app notifications function as virtual rain checks for out-of-stock products or virtual events, notifying users when availability resumes.^[21] These tools, such as those integrated into platforms like Waitwhile or NextMe, enable automated deferrals for online shopping promotions and online gatherings, maintaining the idiom's spirit of deferred fulfillment in a tech-driven economy.^[21]^[22]

Restaurant bill

In American English, a restaurant check refers to the itemized invoice presented to diners at the conclusion of a meal, detailing the food, beverages, applicable taxes, and any gratuity or service fees owed.^[23] This document serves as a record of the transaction, allowing customers to verify charges before payment. In contrast, British English predominantly uses the term "bill" for the same purpose.^[23] The term "check" derives from the historical practice of "checking" or tallying accounts in commerce, evolving from markers used to verify items against a ledger in early trade settings.^[24] Typical components of a restaurant check include the establishment's name and contact information, the date and table number, an itemized list of ordered items with individual prices, subtotals, sales tax, any automatic gratuity for large parties, the final total, and options for payment methods such as cash, credit card, or digital wallets.^[25] In the United States, restaurants are legally required to ensure the accuracy of these invoices to comply with consumer protection laws and tax regulations, with inaccuracies potentially leading to disputes, refunds, or penalties under frameworks like state unfair trade practices acts.^[26] Culturally, in the US, it is common for groups of diners to split the check evenly or by individual orders to share costs fairly, a practice that requires servers to divide items across multiple payments and often influences tipping decisions.^[27] Tipping customs remain a key aspect, with the standard gratuity at full-service restaurants set at 15-20% of the pre-tax subtotal as of 2025, though surveys indicate that about 34% of patrons now tip 20% or more amid ongoing debates over service expectations.^[28]^[29] By 2025, the restaurant industry has seen a significant shift toward digital billing, with table-side tablets enabling servers to process payments, split checks, and collect tips directly at the table, while app-based systems and QR code menus allow customers to view and settle invoices via mobile devices, reducing reliance on paper and speeding up turnover by up to 20%.^[30]^[31]

Travel luggage

Checked baggage refers to passenger luggage that is handed over to an airline at the check-in counter, tagged with a unique identifier, and transported in the cargo hold of the aircraft, separate from carry-on items accessible during the flight.^[32]^[33] This process allows for larger and heavier items than carry-on allowances, with the airline assuming responsibility for handling and secure transport. Baggage tags, often featuring a verification symbol such as a check mark for confirmation, ensure accurate matching to the passenger.^[34] Standard procedures for checked baggage include adherence to weight and size limits set by airlines, typically up to 50 pounds (23 kg) per bag for most carriers in 2025, with dimensions not exceeding 62 linear inches (length + width + height).^[35] Exceeding these limits incurs fees, often starting at $100 for overweight or additional bags, varying by route and airline policy. All checked bags undergo security screening, such as X-ray or explosive detection systems, to identify threats before loading.^[36] Following the September 11, 2001 attacks, checked baggage handling was standardized with mandatory passenger-baggage matching to enhance security, leading to widespread adoption of RFID tags for improved tracking and reduced mishandling rates.^[37] This shift addressed vulnerabilities in pre-9/11 systems, where unaccompanied bags posed risks, and RFID technology now enables real-time location monitoring across airport networks.^[38] Airlines face risks including loss, damage, or delay of checked baggage, governed by international rules like the Warsaw Convention, which originally capped liability at approximately 17 SDR (Special Drawing Rights) per kilogram for international flights, though many carriers now adhere to higher limits under the updated Montreal Convention.^[39] Prohibited items in checked baggage include firearms, explosives, flammable liquids, and certain sharp objects, as enforced by agencies like the TSA to prevent security hazards.^[36] For lost baggage, compensation protocols require passengers to file a Property Irregularity Report (PIR) immediately upon discovery, with airlines obligated to search for up to 21 days and provide reimbursement up to $4,700 per passenger for domestic U.S. flights under DOT regulations.^[40]^[41] In 2025, advancements include widespread biometric check-in systems, with 50% of passengers using facial recognition or fingerprints for faster bag drop and verification at major airports.^[42] Sustainability efforts focus on reducing plastic waste in baggage tags through RFID-enabled and electronic alternatives, as seen in partnerships like Delta Air Lines' migration to eco-friendly labeling across its network.^[43]^[44]

Games and recreation

Chess tactic

Under the official FIDE Laws of Chess effective from 1 January 2023, the king is defined as being "in check" if attacked by an opponent's piece or pawn, and no move may expose or leave the king in check (Article 3.9).^[45] To resolve check, the player must make a legal move that either relocates the king to an unattacked square, captures the attacking piece (if unprotected), or interposes another piece between the king and the attacker (applicable only to ranged attacks like those from queens, rooks, or bishops).^[45]^[46] Check functions as the immediate precursor to checkmate, the game's winning condition, where the king remains in check with no viable escape, legal capture, or blocking option available, thereby ending the contest in favor of the attacker (FIDE Article 1.4.1).^[45] Tactically, delivering check forces the opponent into a defensive response, often gaining tempo or exposing vulnerabilities for further attacks. Checks are integral to many tactical motifs, such as the discovered check, where moving one piece reveals an attack from another on the king, or double check, where two pieces simultaneously attack the king, typically requiring the king to move. For example, in a discovered check, a bishop might be uncovered by a pawn's capture, attacking the king along a diagonal. Another common use is check as part of a fork, where one piece attacks the king and another valuable piece simultaneously. These tactics are prevalent in openings and middlegames; a basic illustration is Fool's Mate, the shortest checkmate in two moves: 1. f3 e5 2. g4 Qh4#, demonstrating early king exposure.^[46]^[47]^[48]^[49] While focused on standard international rules under FIDE as of 2025, the check mechanic appears in variants like three-check chess, where players win by delivering check three times before achieving checkmate.^[45]^[50] In contrast, the board game checkers uses a checkered board pattern but lacks any concept of check or king threats.

Board game

The name "checkers," used primarily in North America, derives from the checkered pattern of the board on which it is played, while the British term "draughts" refers to the dragging movement of pieces across the board.^[51] Checkers, also known as draughts, is a two-player strategy board game played on a checkered board where players aim to capture all of an opponent's pieces or block their movement to prevent further play. The game is typically played on an 8x8 board for American checkers, with each player starting with 12 pieces placed on the dark squares of the three rows closest to them; pieces move diagonally forward one square at a time unless capturing, in which case they jump over an adjacent opponent's piece to an empty square beyond, with multiple jumps mandatory if possible. The objective is achieved by capturing all opponent pieces or leaving them without legal moves, and a piece reaching the opponent's back row becomes a king, gaining the ability to move and capture diagonally in any direction.^[52] Variations of checkers exist worldwide, with American checkers using the 8x8 board and rules prohibiting backward captures for non-kings, while international draughts employs a larger 10x10 board with 20 pieces per player and allows kings to move any number of unoccupied squares diagonally, similar to queens in chess but with distinct capture mechanics. In both variants, the player with the dark pieces (often black) moves first, and the board is oriented so that each player's nearest right-hand corner square is light. These differences affect strategy, with international draughts offering greater mobility for kings and more complex endgames.^[53] The origins of checkers trace back to the ancient game of Alquerque, evidenced by carvings from 1400 BCE in Egypt and archaeological finds from 600 BCE in the Middle East, which featured jumping captures on a grid board; modern checkers evolved in the 12th century in southern France by adapting Alquerque to an 8x8 chessboard, initially called "Fierges," and gained popularity across Europe by the 16th century through printed rulebooks. Earlier theories linking it directly to games in ancient Egypt or Mesopotamia, such as Senet around 3000 BCE, suggest precursor influences but lack direct evidence for the jumping mechanics central to checkers.^[54] Organized tournament play for checkers began with the first recognized world championship in 1847, when Andrew Anderson defeated James Wyllie in a match establishing the title for English draughts; international competitions have continued under federations like the FMJD since 1885, with recent winners including J. Groenendijk of the Netherlands in 2024 and 2025. Advancements in artificial intelligence culminated in 2007 when the Chinook program, developed at the University of Alberta, solved checkers by proving perfect play leads to a draw after analyzing over 500 billion billion positions, marking it as the largest game solved to date.^[55]^[56] As of 2025, digital versions of checkers are widely available through mobile apps supporting multiplayer features, allowing real-time online matches and AI opponents across variants like American checkers and international draughts. Popular apps such as Checkers Online enable global matchmaking and local play, enhancing accessibility for casual and competitive players alike.^[57]

Arts and media

Music works

Musical works titled "Check" or featuring the term prominently span various genres, often evoking themes of verification, scrutiny, or confident assertion, with some incorporating lyrical nods to strategy or games. These pieces range from seminal hip-hop tracks to country ballads and contemporary pop-rap singles, demonstrating the word's versatility in songwriting.^[58] A notable example in hip-hop is "Check the Rhime" by A Tribe Called Quest, released in 1991 as the lead single from their album The Low End Theory. The track features Q-Tip and Phife Dawg in a playful call-and-response format, celebrating their middle-class roots and rhyming prowess, and it helped define alternative hip-hop's jazz-infused sound. It peaked at number 88 on the Billboard Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart.^[59] In alternative hip-hop, the Beastie Boys' "Ch-Check It Out," from their 2004 album To the 5 Boroughs, serves as an energetic opener and lead single, blending punk-rock energy with rap verses that urge listeners to "check it out." Produced by the group themselves, it reached number one on the Billboard Alternative Songs chart and number 20 on the Hot 100, marking their comeback after a six-year hiatus.^[60] Beyoncé's "Check On It," featuring Slim Thug and released in 2005, is a crunk-inspired R&B track originally tied to the film The Pink Panther but included on Destiny's Child's final album Destiny Fulfilled. Co-written and produced by Swizz Beatz, it topped the Billboard Hot 100 for five weeks and earned a Grammy nomination for Best Rap/Sung Collaboration.^[61] On the country side, George Strait's "Check Yes or No," from his 1995 box set Strait Out of the Box, is a nostalgic love song written by Dana Hunt Oglesby and Danny Wells, recounting a childhood romance note. It became Strait's 30th number-one single on the Billboard Hot Country Songs chart and exemplifies his traditional country style.^[62] More recently, Young Thug's "Check" (2015), the lead single from his mixtape Barter 6, showcases trap influences with boastful lyrics about wealth and success, produced by London on da Track. It debuted at number 100 on the Billboard Hot 100, signaling Thug's rising prominence in hip-hop.^[63] In 2025, Canadian rapper bbno released "check" on February 10, a bouncy [hip-hop](/page/Hip_hop_music)/pop track with humorous, self-assured bars about money and lifestyle, produced by [Y2K](/page/Y2K). It debuted at number 75 on the [Billboard Canadian Hot 100](/page/Canadian_Hot_100), reflecting bbno's signature quirky viral appeal.^[64]

Film and literature

In film, "Check" (2021) is an Indian Telugu-language prison drama directed by Chandra Sekhar Yeleti, starring Nithiin as Aditya, a man wrongfully framed for terrorism and sentenced to death, who becomes a chess champion in prison while navigating politics and plotting his innocence through strategic alliances and legal battles.^[65] The narrative draws on chess motifs—such as checks and mates—to symbolize tactical deception and verification of truth amid institutional corruption, earning praise for its tense pacing despite plot conveniences.^[66] Earlier cinematic works titled around "check" often revolve around financial intrigue or social verification. The comedy "The Check Is in the Mail..." (1986), co-directed by Joan Darling and Ted Kotcheff, follows salesman Richard Jackson (Brian Dennehy) whose checks begin bouncing due to a bank computer glitch, spiraling his family into absurd debts, cons, and a cross-country chase to clear his name, satirizing bureaucratic deception and the fragility of fiscal trust.^[67] Similarly, the short film "The Check" (2009), directed by Leif Gantvoort, Richard Keith, and Chris MacKenzie, depicts two estranged couples reuniting for lunch, where the arrival of the restaurant bill exposes underlying tensions about responsibility and past betrayals, culminating in a humorous standoff over payment.^[68] In literature, the graphic novel series "Check, Please!" by Ngozi Ukazu chronicles the life of Eric "Bitty" Bittle, a Southern gay vlogger and figure skater who joins a college hockey team at fictional Samwell University, grappling with homophobia, first love, and team dynamics through vlog-style entries and illustrations. The title cleverly puns on the restaurant check (reflecting Bitty's aversion to conflict, like asking for the bill) and body-checking in hockey, weaving themes of personal verification and emotional risk; the first volume appeared in 2013 as a webcomic before print editions in 2018, with the sequel "Sticks & Scones" released in 2022, concluding the duology with Bitty's post-graduation challenges. Television adaptations and episodes titled "Check" frequently explore procedural investigation or casual verification. The German comedy-drama series "Check. Check" (2019–2021), created by and starring Klaas Heufer-Umlauf as Jan, a naive young man who turns to illegal cannabis cultivation to fund his father's terminal illness treatment, blending humor with themes of moral deception and familial loyalty across three seasons.^[69] In lighter fare, the Canadian sitcom "Check It Out!" (1985–1988), starring Don Adams as supermarket manager Howard Bannister, dealing with eccentric staff and customer absurdities, where "check" nods to checkout lines and routine validations, running for three seasons on CTV.^[70] Across these works, "check" serves as a narrative device for probing deception, financial or strategic accountability, and the quest for authenticity, often mirroring broader cultural anxieties about trust in systems—be it prisons, banks, sports, or family.^[71]

Computing and technology

Data validation

In computing, data validation refers to mechanisms that verify the integrity and correctness of input data or code before further processing, ensuring errors such as transcription mistakes or syntactic violations are detected early.^[72] One key technique is the use of check digits, which are appended to numerical identifiers to detect common errors like single-digit substitutions or transpositions.^[72] These algorithms compute a supplementary digit based on a mathematical function of the original data, allowing validation by recalculating and comparing the result.^[72] A prominent example is the check digit in ISBN-10 identifiers, where the final digit is calculated as the value that makes the weighted sum of the first nine digits congruent to 0 modulo 11.^[73] Specifically, the formula involves multiplying the digits from left to right by weights of 10 down to 2, summing the products, and setting the check digit d such that (sum + d) \mod 11 = 0, with d = 10 represented as 'X'.^[73] This method, standardized for book identification, detects nearly all single errors and adjacent transpositions.^[73] Similarly, the Luhn algorithm, patented by IBM researcher Hans Peter Luhn in 1960, is widely used for credit card numbers and other identifiers.^[74] In the Luhn method, starting from the rightmost digit (excluding the check digit), every second digit is doubled and, if the result exceeds 9, the digits are summed; the total sum including undoubled digits must then be divisible by 10 for validity.^[74] Beyond numerical data, syntax checking validates the grammatical structure of source code in compilers and integrated development environments (IDEs).^[75] This phase, known as parsing or syntax analysis, employs context-free grammars to analyze tokens produced by lexical analysis, constructing a parse tree or abstract syntax tree while flagging deviations from the language's rules before execution.^[75] Tools like Yacc or modern parser generators automate this process, enabling early error detection in programming languages.^[75] The importance of these check functions lies in their ability to prevent propagation of errors, such as those from manual data entry, thereby enhancing reliability in systems like financial transactions and software development.^[72] International standards like ISO/IEC 7064 define families of such algorithms, including modulo-11 and modulo-37 variants, to ensure interoperability and robust error detection across alphanumeric strings.^[72] As of 2025, advancements include the integration of artificial intelligence and machine learning for anomaly detection and predictive validation in real-time data entry, such as in e-commerce platforms, where models flag potential input anomalies to improve accuracy.^[76] This establishes baseline data trustworthiness preceding more advanced security mechanisms.

Security mechanisms

In computing, security mechanisms referred to as "checks" primarily involve techniques to verify the integrity of data during storage or transmission, ensuring that errors introduced by noise, hardware faults, or other unintentional alterations are detected. These methods generate a fixed-size value or bit pattern from the original data, which is then recomputed at the receiving end and compared for consistency. Unlike initial input validation processes that focus on syntactic correctness at entry points, these checks emphasize post-processing verification to safeguard against corruption in transit or at rest.^[77]^[78] A checksum is a small, fixed-size value derived from a larger block of data through a hashing-like process, designed to detect accidental errors by representing the data's content compactly. For instance, the Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC-32) employs polynomial division over binary data using a predefined generator polynomial, such as x^{32} + x^{26} + x^{23} + x^{22} + x^{16} + x^{12} + x^{11} + x^{10} + x^{8} + x^{7} + x^{5} + x^{4} + x^{2} + x + 1, to produce a 32-bit remainder that serves as the checksum; any discrepancy in this value upon recomputation indicates potential data alteration. This approach is particularly effective for detecting burst errors in digital communications, with CRC-32 offering a low probability of undetected errors, approximately $1/2^{32} for random bit flips.^[78]^[79]^[80] Parity checks provide a simpler mechanism for basic error detection, particularly in memory systems, by adding a single parity bit to ensure the total number of 1s in a binary word is either even or odd. In even parity, the bit is set to make the count even; if a single bit flips during storage or transmission, the recomputed parity will mismatch, flagging the error. This method is commonly implemented in RAM modules to spot single-bit faults but is limited to detecting an odd number of errors, failing silently on even counts.^[81]^[82] These checks find widespread application in network protocols and file systems. In the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP), a 16-bit checksum is calculated over the header, payload, and a pseudo-header including source and destination addresses, using one's complement summation to verify packet integrity during transmission; mismatched checksums trigger retransmission. For file verification, MD5 was historically used to generate 128-bit digests for comparing downloaded files against expected values, but by 2025, it has been deprecated due to vulnerability to collisions, with SHA-256—producing 256-bit outputs via the Secure Hash Algorithm family—adopted as the standard for robust integrity checks in software distribution and backups.^[83]^[84]^[85] Despite their utility, checksums and parity checks are limited to error detection without correction capabilities, as they cannot identify or repair the specific altered bits. Simple checksums may miss certain error patterns, such as those where bit flips cancel out in summation, and parity checks overlook even-numbered errors entirely. Over time, these have evolved into cryptographic hashes like SHA-256, which not only detect accidental changes but also resist intentional tampering through properties like preimage resistance and collision resistance, addressing the shortcomings of non-cryptographic methods in security-sensitive contexts.^[78]^[86]^[87] By 2025, the relevance of these mechanisms has extended to quantum-resistant applications in blockchain systems, where traditional hashes face threats from quantum algorithms like Grover's that could undermine integrity checks. Blockchains such as Algorand (using FALCON) and the Quantum Resistant Ledger (QRL, using XMSS) integrate post-quantum cryptography with NIST-standardized signatures to ensure secure transaction verification against quantum attacks, maintaining data integrity in decentralized ledgers.^[88]^[89]^[90]

Patterns and designs

Textile motif

The check pattern is a classic textile motif characterized by a repeating grid of alternating squares formed by the intersection of warp and weft stripes of equal width, typically using two or three colors to create a balanced, symmetrical design. This even weave results in small, uniform blocks that evoke simplicity and order, distinguishing it from more irregular patterns like plaids. A prominent example is gingham, where equal-sized squares in contrasting colors, such as white and blue, produce a crisp, lightweight fabric ideal for everyday use.^[91]^[92] Evidence of check patterns dates back to ancient civilizations, with archaeological finds of checkered garments appearing in Egyptian textiles as early as the 2nd century CE, often woven from linen using simple dyed threads. The motif gained widespread popularity in Europe during the 18th century, particularly in Scotland, where district checks—such as shepherd's plaid in black and white—were adapted for shirting fabrics, reflecting rural practicality and emerging industrial weaving techniques. These early Scottish variants laid the foundation for the pattern's integration into Western wardrobes, evolving from functional workwear to versatile decorative elements. Common types include the bold buffalo check, featuring large-scale squares (often 6 to 12 inches) in two stark colors like red and black, originally derived from Scottish tartans but popularized in American lumberjack attire for its durability. In contrast, the graph check employs finer lines to mimic graph paper, creating subtle, small-scale squares (typically under 1 inch) in a single accent color against a neutral ground, suited for refined applications. The pattern appears across diverse uses, from casual clothing like shirts and dresses to upholstery, curtains, and tablecloths, where its geometric repetition adds visual structure without overwhelming other elements. Culturally, the check motif symbolizes informality and approachability, frequently linked to leisure activities such as picnics through red-and-white gingham blankets that evoke nostalgic, outdoor Americana since the 19th century. In 2025, trends emphasize sustainability in checked fabrics, with innovations like microbial-based dyes from biotech firms enabling vibrant, non-toxic colors on organic cottons and linens, significantly reducing water usage compared to traditional methods and aligning with eco-conscious consumer demands.^[93]^[94]^[95]^[96]^[97]^[98]^[99]

Woven variants

Tartan, a distinctive Scottish plaid pattern, features multicolored stripes woven in the warp and weft directions that intersect to form repeating checks, with each unique design traditionally associated with specific clans or regions to signify heritage and identity.^[100]^[101] This complex checked motif builds upon simpler textile grids by incorporating multiple hues and precise sequencing for cultural depth. The weaving technique for tartan employs a 2/2 twill structure, where the weft yarn alternates over two warp threads and under two, creating a diagonal texture that enhances the interlocking of colored stripes into balanced checks.^[102] Standards for authentic tartans are maintained by the Scottish Register of Tartans, which defines a tartan as a twill-woven fabric with a repeating pattern of colored threads in both directions, ensuring consistency in design and production.^[103] Tartan's history traces to the Scottish Highlands in the 16th century, where it emerged as a practical woolen cloth for clothing, with the oldest surviving example—a multi-colored tartan featuring interlocking stripes in green, brown, red, and yellow—discovered in a Highland bog dating to between 1500 and 1600.^[104] Following the Jacobite Rebellion of 1745 and defeat at Culloden in 1746, the British government enacted the Dress Act, banning tartan and other Highland attire to suppress clan identity, a prohibition that lasted until 1782.^[105] The pattern revived in the 19th century amid Romantic interest in Scottish culture, spurred by events like King George IV's 1822 visit to Edinburgh in full Highland dress, which popularized clan-specific tartans as symbols of national pride.^[100] In modern contexts, tartan remains integral to traditional kilts and Highland dress, while influencing global fashion, as seen in Burberry's iconic check—a tartan-inspired pattern introduced in 1920 as a trench coat lining and now a hallmark of luxury apparel.^[106] By 2025, adaptations have proliferated worldwide, including hybrid kilts blending tartan with contemporary materials like leather or neon accents for streetwear, and utility kilts in regions like North America, reflecting tartan's evolution into versatile, cross-cultural attire.^[107]^[108] Tartans distinguish between symmetrical and asymmetrical checks: symmetrical designs mirror around central pivot points for balanced repetition, while asymmetrical ones repeat sequentially without reflection, allowing for more fluid, non-mirrored patterns.^[109] New designs undergo a formal registration process via the Scottish Register of Tartans, where applicants worldwide submit a thread count specification detailing yarn colors and widths; upon verification against standards, the tartan receives an official reference number and entry date, preserving its authenticity without granting exclusive rights.^[103]^[110]

References

[1]
What is Check in Chess? - Chess Terms
When a king is attacked, it is called check (written as "+" in chess notation). Check can be viewed as saying "Watch out! The king is attacked!"
[2]
Check Rules – The Basic Rules of Chess for Kids - ChessMatec
Check is a situation in the game of Chess where a player's King is threatened directly by another player's piece.
[3]
The Evolution of Chess Rules Through the Centuries
Jan 26, 2025 · The earliest precursor to chess, Chaturanga, emerged in 6th-century India. Played on an 8x8 board, it featured pieces representing the four ...
[4]
Check - Etymology, Origin & Meaning
Originating c. 1300 from Old French eschequier, from Arabic and Persian shah "king," check means in chess to threaten the king or a harmful event, also a ...
[5]
The Words for “Chess” and “Checkmate” Have a Long, Global History
Aug 1, 2025 · What was once shah became more like shak, and this evolved into the older French words eschec (check) and eschecs (plural name for all the ...Learning chess on Duolingo · Cindy Blanco, Ph.D. · Arabic, Hebrew, and Persian...
[6]
Understanding Check Basics | Central Bank
A check is a written, dated, and signed instrument that directs a bank to pay a specific sum of money to the bearer. The person or entity writing the check is ...Missing: key components
[7]
Check vs. Cheque: Is There a Difference? - Merriam-Webster
Cheque is the British English spelling for the document used for making a payment, whereas American English uses check. Check also has a number of other uses as ...
[8]
Check Payments | Federal Reserve History
Sep 28, 2023 · The Fed has sought to improve efficiency by increasing the speed of check payments and by promoting a competitive market for check clearing services.
[9]
9 Financial Words With Surprising Origins - Merriam-Webster
Check was first applied to the counterfoil in the early 18th century and then to the bank draft—the written order directing a bank to pay money as instructed.
[10]
From the archives: the evolution of the cheque - Barclays
Aug 26, 2016 · The story begins in 13th century Venice, when the cheque was created as a device to allow international trade – without having to physically ...
[11]
Understanding the Parts of a Check - NerdWallet
Aug 21, 2025 · Understanding the Parts of a Check · 1. Your information · 2. Check number · 3. The date · 4. The recipient's name · 5. The payment amount · 6. Memo ...Missing: instrument | Show results with:instrument
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The Federal Reserve Payments Study: 2022 Triennial Initial Data ...
Apr 21, 2023 · As a result, the average value of check payments increased from $1,908 in 2018 to $2,430 in 2021. By number, checks declined at a rate of 7.2 ...
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Federal Reserve Payments Study (FRPS)
The Federal Reserve Payments Study (FRPS) is an ongoing effort to estimate aggregate trends in noncash payments in the United States.Reports and Data · HTML · Survey Instruments · About the FRPS
[14]
Check Mark symbol meaning, copy and paste unicode character
A check mark confirmation, consent, passed inspection. It is also called jackdaw and bird, for the similarity with the bird.
[15]
On the use of "check marks" in cuneiform writing - Academia.edu
In the Mari archives, check marks indicated every tenth item in recipient lists and were used as calculation aids between quantities recorded and recipients.
[16]
[PDF] Tick marks: the auditors' ancient yet modern tool - eGrove
Dec 24, 2013 · Tick marks are symbols used by auditors to indicate audit procedures applied to amounts, and to save space and time.
[17]
Checkbox Pattern | APG | WAI - W3C
WAI-ARIA supports two types of checkbox widgets: dual-state checkboxes toggle between two choices -- checked and not checked -- and tri-state checkboxes.
[18]
The Subtle Influence of Check and X Marks: How Symbolic Markings ...
Across four experiments, we find that the check and X marks carry different symbolic associations; people associate check with good and X with bad. We also find ...
[19]
Raincheck - Etymology, Origin & Meaning
Rain-check, originating in 1884 from rain + check, means a ticket or refund given for postponed outdoor events due to rain interruptions.
[20]
Why Do We Call It a “Rain Check”? - Mental Floss
Apr 18, 2024 · In the 1880s, baseball team management needed a system to reassure spectators who paid admission for games held in open-air stadiums.
[21]
Rain Check - Meaning, Origin & Usage - History of English
Feb 5, 2025 · Taking a “rain check” is when you cannot accept an invitation or carry out an action at the original date, but you promise you will do so in the future instead.
[22]
Raincheck | Phrase Definition, Origin & Examples - Ginger Software
The phrase 'Raincheck' or 'Rain Check' is used to indicate that you cannot accept an invitation now, but that you'd like to do the same activity sometime in ...<|control11|><|separator|>
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Rain Check: Definition, Origin, Example, and Laws - Investopedia
Sep 30, 2024 · A rain check is a promise a seller makes to a buyer that an out of stock item can be purchased at a later date for the current day's sale price.Missing: commerce | Show results with:commerce
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Rain Check Policy | Publix Super Markets
Our management teams will issue rain checks only for items that are advertised outside the store at a reduced retail price.Missing: e- | Show results with:e-
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https://pos.toasttab.com/blog/on-the-line/restaurant-invoice-template
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Top 10+ Waitlist Software in 2025 - Reviews & Pricing - GoodFirms
Sep 9, 2025 · List of The Waiting List Management Software | Best Waitlist Apps · Waitwhile · LineupAppQ · Rezdy Booking · BookingLive · SevenRooms · WaitlistPlus.
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NextMe Waitlist App and Queue Management Software
NextMe makes it simple for service-based businesses to manage appointments, waitlists, and queues to get more guests through the door.Pricing · FAQs for iOS Customers · Self Check-in · RestaurantsMissing: rain | Show results with:rain
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What is the difference between bill and check? | English Usage
In British English, a bill is a piece of paper showing how much money you must pay for a meal in a restaurant. We paid our bill and left. In American English, a ...
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The Ultimate Guide to Billing in Restaurants | Nadapayments
Moreover, accurate billing ensures compliance with tax regulations, preventing legal complications and potential fines. It also aids in precise financial ...
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How Much to Tip in 2025: A Practical Guide for Everyday Service
May 29, 2025 · At full-service restaurants—where you're seated and waited on—the standard tip remains between 15% and 20%. According to a study by the Pew ...
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7 Must-Have POS Features to Boost Restaurant Profits in 2025 - Lavu
Tableside Payments, 20% faster table turnover, Payments handled at the table, reducing guest wait times ; Digital Receipts, 30% reduction in paper costs ...Missing: billing | Show results with:billing<|control11|><|separator|>
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Trends in Smart Terminals for Restaurants in 2025 - Sunday App
By 2025, expect to see more restaurants equipping servers with lightweight, user-friendly devices that let customers split the bill, select a tip, and finalize ...Missing: billing | Show results with:billing
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Checked Bag vs. Carry-On: What You Need to Know - NerdWallet
Oct 31, 2025 · A checked bag is a piece of luggage you hand over to an airline check-in agent at the airport. It'll be placed in the airplane's cargo hold.
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What is Checked Baggage? - Navan
Checked baggage is luggage that passengers check in at an airline's counter, which the airline then handles and transports in the cargo hold of the plane.
[39]
Checked luggage (checked baggage) - AltexSoft
Checked luggage or checked baggage is the luggage handed to the air carrier during check-in to be transported in an area inaccessible to the passenger.
[40]
Checked Luggage Sizes, Weight Limits and Airline Fees
May 29, 2025 · The most common weight limit for checked luggage is 50 pounds per bag. Checked baggage fees can vary by airline, destination and length of ...
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What Can I Bring? | Transportation Security Administration - TSA
The TSA "What Can I Bring?" page provides a comprehensive list of items that travelers can and cannot bring in carry-on and checked baggage.
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The state of RFID for effective baggage tracking in the airline industry
RFID can be instrumental in helping airports and airlines deal with security issues. Since 9-11 it has been required that each airline matches luggage to each ...Missing: post- | Show results with:post-
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Thirty Years of Passenger-Baggage Reconciliation: Is it still relevant?
Aug 20, 2018 · With permanent RFID tags able to replace bar code tags, and do a better job, avoiding the $400 million (£300 million) annual expense and waste ...
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The Warsaw System on air carriers liability - ICAO
The limit of liability with respect to persons had been doubled to 250,000 francs; in other respects, the Protocol made only minor adjustments or clarifications ...
[45]
Lost, Delayed, or Damaged Baggage - Department of Transportation
The maximum liability amount allowed by the regulation is $4,700 per passenger. International Baggage Liability. For most INTERNATIONAL flights, a treaty called ...Damaged Baggage · Delayed Baggage · Lost Baggage · Limits on Baggage Liability
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Travel & Baggage - IATA
Can I get a compensation if my bag is lost, delayed or damaged? To claim a compensation, you should report your lost, delayed or damaged bag immediately at ...
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https://www.chess.com/terms/fools-mate
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[PDF] IATA Annual Review 2025
Jun 1, 2025 · TAG Airlines. Tailwind Airlines. TAP Air Portugal. TAROM. Tassili ... place of plastic, significantly reducing plastic waste. The sector ...
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Baggage Tag Market Research Report 2035 - WiseGuy Reports
Delta Air Lines announced in March 2025 a strategic partnership with Avery Dennison to migrate its baggage tagging to RFID-enabled labels across its global ...
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FIDE Handbook FIDE Laws of Chess taking effect from 1 January 2023
FIDE Laws of Chess cover over-the-board play. The Laws of Chess have two parts: 1. Basic Rules of Play and 2. Competitive Rules of Play. The English text is the ...
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https://www.etymonline.com/word/checkers
[52]
Fool's Mate - Chess Terms
Fool's Mate is the fastest checkmating pattern that can occur in chess and can happen after just two moves. It is possible to achieve it only if White makes ...
[53]
Three-check • Check your opponent 3 times to win the game. - Lichess
Check your opponent 3 times to win the game. This variant is quite simple, but the game play it introduces is sophisticated and games can lead to very many ...
[54]
[PDF] Rules of Draughts (Checkers)
1.12. To start the first game the players decide by random selection (i) which colour they will play. In subsequent games the players alternate colours. 1.13.
[55]
[PDF] Annex 1 Official FMJD rules for international draughts
2.7. International draughts is played with 20 white or light-coloured men, and 20 black or dark coloured men. 2.8. At the start of the game, the 20 black men ...
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A history of Draughts - IDF
Draughts likely began as Alquerque (600 BCE), evolved into modern form in 12th century CE, and spread globally, with a Russian version.
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Grandmasters from Anderson to the 1920s - Start Checkers
Andrew Anderson – the first World Champion (WC) 1840-1844, 1847-1849 · James “Herd Laddie” Wyllie – WC 1844-1847, 1864-1876, 1882-1897 · Robert Martins – WC 1859- ...
[58]
Champions - FMJD - World Draughts Federation
J.Groenendijk (Netherlands) won in 2025 and 2024, Y.Anikeev (Ukraine) in 2023, R.Boomstra (Netherlands) in 2022, and A.Shvartsman (Russia) in 2021.
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https://www.allmusic.com/song/check-the-rhime-mt0008453568
[60]
The Best Songs With Check in the Title - Ranker
This ranked poll includes songs like "Check Yes or No" by George Strait, and "Ch Ch Check It Out" by Beastie Boys.
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Check the Rhime - A Tribe Called Quest - AllMusic
Explore Check the Rhime by A Tribe Called Quest. Get track information, read reviews, listen to it streaming, and more at AllMusic.
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Ch-Check It Out - Beastie Boys | AllMusic
Explore Ch-Check It Out by Beastie Boys. Get track information, read reviews, listen to it streaming, and more at AllMusic.
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Check on It - Beyoncé | AllMusic
Check on It. Beyoncé. Add to Song Favorites. Composed by. Angela Beyince · Kasseem Dean · Sean Garrett · Beyoncé Knowles · Stayve Thomas. Release Year. 2006.
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Check Yes or No - George Strait | AllMusic
Explore Check Yes or No by George Strait. Get track information, read reviews, listen to it streaming, and more at AllMusic.
[65]
Check - Young Thug | Album - AllMusic
Rating 5.3/10 (3) Discography Timeline ; 1017 Thug (2013) ; Slime Season 2 (2015) ; Slime Season (2015) ; JEFFERY (2016) ; Beautiful Thugger Girls (2017).
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bbno$ Lands 'Check' on the Billboard Canadian Hot 100
Apr 2, 2025 · bbno$ Lands 'Check' on the Billboard ... song "Check" debuts at No. 75 on the Billboard Canadian Hot 100 for the chart dated April 5, 2025.
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Check (2021) - IMDb
Rating 6.4/10 (2,613) The story of a prisoner on Death row fighting his wrongful conviction in the backdrop of Chess.The story of a prisoner on Death row fighting his wrongful ...Missing: 2010 Dasaradh
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Check - Rotten Tomatoes
A con artist gets conned and is sentenced to life. This is a simple line. The rest of the drama is the hero's attempt to prove his innocence and come out of the ...
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The Check Is in the Mail... (1986) - IMDb
Rating 4.5/10 (220) The Check Is in the Mail... · Directors. Joan Darling · Ted Kotcheff · Writer. Robert Kaufman · Stars · Brian Dennehy · Anne Archer · Hallie Todd.
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The Check (Short 2009) - IMDb
Rating 5.7/10 (20) Two couples reunite over lunch after a few years have passed without seeing each other. So, when the check comes who pays?
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Check. Check (TV Series 2019–2021) - IMDb
Rating 6.3/10 (398) Check. Check: With Klaas Heufer-Umlauf, Uwe Preuss, Doris Golpashin, Kailas Mahadevan. Due to his fathers illness, good boy Jan decides to take care of him, ...Missing: titled | Show results with:titled
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10 Classic Movie Themes With Examples - 2025 - MasterClass
Aug 25, 2021 · 10 Classic Movie Themes and Why They Matter · 1. Love. Who doesn't enjoy a good love story? · 2. Humanity vs. technology. · 3. Sacrifice. The Lord ...
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ISO/IEC 7064:2003 - Check character systems
In stockISO/IEC 7064:2002 specifies a set of check character systems capable of protecting strings against errors which occur when people copy or key data.
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What is an ISBN? | International ISBN Agency
ISBNs are calculated using a specific mathematical formula and include a check digit to validate the number. Each ISBN consists of 5 elements with each section ...
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Computer for verifying numbers - US2950048A - Google Patents
This invention relates to a hand computer for computing a check digit for numbers or for verifying numbers which already have a check digit appended.Missing: algorithm | Show results with:algorithm
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https://www.mdpi.com/0718-1876/20/3/214
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Why Real-Time Data Quality is Critical for AI-Driven Automations
Jun 25, 2025 · Poor data quality leads to AI failures. Learn how real-time data validation and enrichment ensure automation success.Automation Without Trust Is... · Use Case: Unified Customer... · Syncari: The Modern Path...
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What is a Checksum? | Definition from TechTarget
Feb 20, 2025 · Checksum is a value that represents the number of bits in a transmission message, enabling error detection within data transmissions.
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Error Detection Code - Checksum - GeeksforGeeks
Oct 7, 2025 · The checksum is a unique number generated from the data to verify its integrity. If the two checksums match, the data is likely error-free. How ...
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Cyclic Redundancy Check and Modulo-2 Division - GeeksforGeeks
May 24, 2025 · Cyclic Redundancy Check or CRC is a method of detecting accidental changes/errors in the communication channel. CRC uses Generator Polynomial ...
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[PDF] 32-Bit Cyclic Redundancy Codes for Internet Applications
The essence of implementing a good CRC-based error detection scheme is picking the right polynomial. The prime factorization of the generator polynomial brings ...
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Error Detection Codes - Parity Bit - GeeksforGeeks
Oct 7, 2025 · The parity bit is added to the message bits on the sender side to help in error detection at the receiver side. The binary message ensures an ...
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Parity and ECC - How They Work - Real World Tech
Jun 13, 2000 · Parity checking is a rather simple method of detecting memory errors, without any correction capabilities. Basically every byte has a 'parity' ...
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Calculation of TCP Checksum - GeeksforGeeks
Jul 12, 2025 · The TCP checksum is a method used to detect errors in data transmitted over a network. When data is sent in a TCP segment, the sender calculates ...
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Complete File Hash Verification Guide: MD5, SHA-1, SHA-256 in 2025
Oct 30, 2025 · Need to verify a file right away? Use our free file hash generator to calculate MD5, SHA-1, and SHA-256 hashes instantly—100% client-side, your ...
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Security Tip: Stop Using MD5 and SHA-1!
Aug 2, 2024 · MD5 and SHA-1 should never be used for hashing passwords, even if they are salted. In fact, no raw hashing algorithm should be used for passwords.
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The Limitations of the Ethernet CRC and TCP/IP checksums for error ...
Nov 17, 2012 · The Ethernet frame check sequence check (FCS) and the IP and TCP checksums will protect your data from most but not all types of data corruption.
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Are checksums essentially non-secure versions of cryptographic ...
Feb 21, 2016 · Checksums are not just "worse, but faster hashes". They are meant to prevent particular kinds of errors.From hash to Cryptographic hash - Cryptography Stack ExchangeChecksum vs. non-cryptographic hash - Cryptography Stack ExchangeMore results from crypto.stackexchange.com
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Quantum secured blockchain framework for enhancing post ... - Nature
Aug 23, 2025 · The rise of quantum computing has intensified research into blockchain security, with a focus on quantum-resistant cryptography, secure key ...<|control11|><|separator|>
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Algorand's post-quantum blockchain technology
Learn how Algorand's post-quantum cryptography, including FALCON signatures, protects assets from the potential threat of quantum computers.Missing: checks | Show results with:checks
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BTQ Technologies Announces Quantum-Safe Bitcoin Using NIST ...
Oct 16, 2025 · BTQ Technologies announced the demonstration of a quantum-resistant Bitcoin implementation using NIST-standardized PQC.
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Check Fabric 101: Your Essential Guide to a Timeless Pattern
Jul 11, 2024 · With checks, generally just two colors are used, and both warp and weft threads appear in same-sized stripes, resulting in a pattern that is ...
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Textile history | Checks, plaids, and tartans - James Dunlop Textiles
Comparatively, checks feature uniform and repetitive compositions of symmetrical horizontal and vertical stripes in two or three colours which intersect to form ...Missing: motif | Show results with:motif
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A Joint Investigation on Textile Production of Late Antique Egypt
Specific papyrus instances, such as 2nd century CE mentions of checkered garments, further illustrate the rich textile decoration practices.
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Gingham: The History Behind A Picnic's Favorite Print
Jun 25, 2024 · Gingham was first made in Dutch-colonized Malaysia in the 17th century. It was popularized by the Dutch and English around the 1800s.
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Fabric Friday: District checks | Vintage Fashion Guild Forums
Nov 20, 2021 · The original district check—shepherd's check, or shepherd's plaid—is white and one dyed color (usually black) in a simple uniform check pattern.
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A Brief History of Buffalo Plaid - PieceWork magazine
Dec 16, 2019 · The buffalo plaid is actually the MacGregor Red and Black pattern. In Scotland, the pattern is associated with the folk hero Rob Roy MacGregor.
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Checks, Grids, Windowpanes & Squares In Menswear
1. Graph Check ... The simplest pattern based on squares is an evenly spaced grid made up of thin lines in a single color, called a “box check” or “graph check” ...Missing: buffalo | Show results with:buffalo<|separator|>
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Why Your Picnic Tablecloth Looks Like a Checkerboard
Apr 24, 2017 · The red and white checked tablecloth is as predictable as a backyard game of badminton. The story goes back centuries to a simple fabric you know as gingham.
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Dyeing for change: Why microbes could clean up fashion's toxic mess
Jun 20, 2025 · Earthshot Prize finalist Colorifix is reimagining the future of fashion, by inventing non-snythetic dye made from microbes in a lab.
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The Fascinating History Of Scottish Tartan - The Scots Magazine
By the mid-18th century, to wear tartan was to signify an allegiance to Charles Edward Stuart, known to Scots as Bonnie Prince Charlie. In 1745, Bonnie Prince ...
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The Story of Tartans Across Scotland: Patterns, History & Meaning
These crisscrossed patterns of colored threads, traditionally made from wool, are associated with family heritage, clan loyalty, and Scottish identity.
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How is Tartan Made? A Detailed Guide to Weaving Techniques
May 20, 2025 · This implies the weft thread goes over and under the alternating warp threads, thus forming the distinctive tartan cross pattern.
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The Scottish Register of Tartans
The Scottish Register of Tartans is an online database of tartan designs, established by the Scottish Register of Tartans Act 2008 and administered by the ...Search · New Tartans · FAQs · About UsMissing: technique | Show results with:technique
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This 16th-Century Cloth Is Scotland's Oldest-Known Tartan
Apr 5, 2023 · This 16th-century cloth is Scotland's oldest-known tartan. A bog in the Highlands preserved the fabric, now on view for the first time, for hundreds of years.Missing: origins | Show results with:origins
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History of Tartans | Origins, Evolution & Scottish Tradition - TartanVault
The Ban on Tartan Following the Jacobite Rebellions in 1745, the British government saw Highland culture as a threat and passed the Dress Act of 1746, making ...
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The Chequered History of Burberry's Most Famous Print
Jun 1, 2023 · The Burberry check – a tartan design first used as a fabric lining in the brand's raincoats in the 1920s – has long served as a visual barometer ...
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Why American Kilts Are Gaining Popularity in 2025 » Style & Tradition
From shifting cultural values to innovative design, let's explore why American kilts are not just surviving but thriving in 2025.
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Threadcount - The Scottish Register of Tartans
Symmetrical or reflective patterns are so called because the complete sett or pattern contains lines of symmetry or reflection at the pivot points. The pivot ...
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