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Expressen

Expressen is a tabloid founded in 1944 and headquartered in , serving as one of the nation's two primary evening tabloids alongside . Owned by Bonnier News, a division of the family-controlled , it focuses on , investigative reporting, sports, entertainment, and opinion pieces, with a daily exceeding 100,000 copies amid a shift toward digital readership. While self-identifying as independent liberal, external assessments classify it as right-center biased, reflecting a tilt toward market-oriented and occasionally contrarian positions in Sweden's , which often leans left. Expressen has distinguished itself through aggressive , notably exposing the scandal in 2015–2016, where the thoracic surgeon's experimental trachea transplants at the were revealed as fraudulent and deadly, prompting resignations, criminal probes, and reforms in Swedish medical oversight. This and other probes, such as leaks of classified documents related to Guantanamo detainees, underscore its role in challenging institutional power. However, its tabloid format has drawn criticism for sensational headlines that prioritize impact over precision, occasionally misleading on details despite an overall record of mostly factual reporting with few failed fact checks. In recent years, Expressen has adapted to digital dominance, boasting significant online traffic and premium subscriptions, while maintaining influence through live coverage of , , and in a competitive where readership has declined but total audience remains robust at millions via combined and metrics. Its right-center orientation positions it as a counterweight to more left-leaning outlets, fostering debates on , free s, and institutional accountability amid Sweden's evolving media ecosystem.

History

Founding and Early Years (1944–1960s)

Expressen was launched on November 16, 1944, by publishers Albert Bonnier Jr. and Carl-Adam Nycop as an evening tabloid newspaper in , , amid the final months of . The initiative aimed to counter Nazi influences and promote , tolerance, and solidarity in Swedish public discourse, positioning the paper as an anti-authoritarian voice in a neutral wary of ideological extremism. Ivar Harrie, a key collaborator in the project, served as the inaugural from 1944 to 1960, shaping its early editorial direction toward concise, accessible journalism that prioritized speed and public engagement over traditional formality. The debut issue featured a major : an exclusive with six British airmen who had participated in the sinking of the , highlighting Expressen's commitment to rapid, impactful reporting even in wartime constraints. Early innovations included the adoption of aerial distribution via dedicated planes, enabling nationwide reach beyond and distinguishing it from regional competitors like . The paper's wasp logo and slogan "det sticker" ("it stings") emerged as symbols of its aggressive, probing style, while female journalist Brita Håkansson broke ground as Sweden's first female foreign correspondent, covering events from during the war and reporting on the in 1945. By the late 1950s, Expressen had achieved significant growth, surpassing rivals to become Sweden's largest-circulation in , with publisher Nycop publicly shaving his mustache in fulfillment of a promotional pledge tied to the milestone. This period solidified its tabloid format's appeal through vivid, street-level language and focus on human-interest stories, though it maintained a self-described independent liberal orientation amid Sweden's postwar economic boom and media liberalization. Circulation figures reflected this expansion, though exact early numbers remain sparse; the paper's national footprint and stylistic innovations laid groundwork for its dominance in the evening market into the .

Development into Tabloid Format (1970s–1990s)

During the 1970s, Expressen, operating in its established tabloid format since its 1944 founding, encountered heightened rivalry after competitor transitioned from to tabloid in 1972, enabling the latter to reverse its circulation losses through adapted content emphasizing brevity, visuals, and immediacy suited to the format. This period marked a broader tabloidisation trend in high-frequency newspapers, where Expressen intensified features like prominent , concise , and human-interest stories to differentiate from morning broadsheets, though its own circulation failed to stabilize amid rising television viewership and economic pressures on print media. In the , Expressen leaned further into sensational elements, prioritizing scandals, celebrity coverage, and rapid news cycles to sustain reader engagement, a reflective of evening tabloids' for afternoon sales against Aftonbladet's gains. Circulation for national evening tabloids like Expressen began declining noticeably by the late , influenced by demographic shifts and the erosion of party-press affiliations. By the , amid a ten percent drop in combined evening circulation from 1990 to 1995, Expressen declared political in 1995, distancing itself from prior affiliations to appeal to a broader audience and mitigate subscriber losses tied to ideological divides. This shift coincided with internal adaptations, including enhanced focus on investigative exposés and opinion-driven content, though weekday circulation hovered around 316,000 copies by 1998, underscoring persistent challenges in retaining mass-market appeal.

Digital Transformation and Modern Era (2000s–Present)

In the , Expressen adapted to the rise of in by expanding its online presence through expressen.se, prioritizing broad reach over immediate to build a large audience base. This strategy mirrored broader industry trends where declined amid shifting reader habits, with Expressen's daily print figures dropping from peaks above 500,000 in earlier decades to under 100,000 by the late as alternatives proliferated. A pivotal development occurred in November 2013 when Expressen pioneered in , enabling automated ad buying to optimize revenue from its growing traffic and compete with global digital platforms. By 2016, the outlet reported a daily of 2.1 million, leveraging video content and to position itself as a leader in . The launch of Expressen TV in 2015 marked a significant multimedia expansion, introducing a live streaming channel focused on news, sports, and entertainment to challenge traditional broadcasters and capitalize on mobile consumption. This initiative grew rapidly, integrating with the newspaper's tabloid style to deliver short-form videos and live coverage, contributing to sustained audience engagement into the 2020s. Facing maturing markets, Expressen implemented a in December 2018—one of the last major dailies to do so—restricting 5% of premium content while keeping 95% accessible to maintain reach. By mid-2020, digital subscribers reached 90,000, reflecting a deliberate from ad-dependent models to subscription amid print's ongoing erosion. In recent years, Expressen has targeted younger demographics through initiatives like a 2024 "Young Audience Focus Month," boosting engagement among 18-34-year-olds via tailored and integration. As of 2025, its online platform commands a 31% weekly reach in , underscoring resilience in a fragmented landscape dominated by free alternatives and social platforms.

Ownership and Structure

Bonnier Group Ownership

Expressen was founded on November 16, 1944, by the Bonnier family as an independent evening tabloid newspaper, marking the group's entry into daily journalism amid Sweden's neutral stance during World War II. From inception, the newspaper has been wholly owned by the Bonnier Group, a family-controlled media conglomerate originating from Albert Bonnier's 1837 publishing house in Stockholm, which expanded into newspapers, books, magazines, and digital media over the subsequent decades. The Bonnier Group's ownership structure centers on familial control, with approximately 75 descendants of founder Karl Otto Bonnier (a key 19th-century figure in the company's growth) holding the majority stake through a holding entity, Bonnier AB; prominent family members such as Åke Bonnier and Jonas Bonnier represent significant individual ownership interests. This generational continuity has preserved Bonnier's position as Sweden's largest media owner, with revenues exceeding 20 billion annually as of recent reports, though the group underwent a 2019 restructuring to create operationally independent subsidiaries for enhanced focus. Within the Bonnier framework, Expressen operates under Bonnier News, established in 2015 as the division overseeing major Swedish titles including , Dagens Industri, and Expressen itself, with a emphasis on and integrated news operations employing over 1,000 staff as of 2023. This subsidiary structure allows for centralized resources in journalism and distribution while maintaining editorial autonomy for individual outlets, though Bonnier News has pursued strategic acquisitions and partnerships, such as a 2023 minority stake in Ireland's Business Post, to bolster international reach without diluting core Swedish holdings like Expressen. Ownership remains stable, with no public dilutions or external investors reported in Expressen's corporate filings through 2025.

Editorial Leadership and Key Figures

Klas Granström has served as (chefredaktör) and publisher of Expressen since November 2019, succeeding Thomas Mattsson who held the position for the preceding decade; Granström oversees both editorial content and business operations within the Bonnier News framework. Under his leadership, the newspaper has emphasized digital integration and amid ongoing challenges in print media. Historically, Expressen's editorial direction was established by founding Ivar Harrie, who led from the newspaper's launch on November 16, 1944, until 1960; Harrie, previously culture editor at , shaped its identity as a evening tabloid with the motto to "entertain, worry, and annoy," positioning it against conservative media dominance. He was succeeded by Per Wrigstad (1960–1977), who expanded circulation and maintained the paper's populist appeal during Sweden's post-war economic boom. Bo Strömstedt's tenure as from 1977 to 1991 marked a pivotal era of modernization and cultural influence; beginning his career on Expressen's culture desk in the , Strömstedt prioritized literary and societal debates, contributing to the paper's reputation for bold commentary while navigating shifts toward tabloid . Later editors included Erik Månsson (1991–1993), Olle Wästberg (1994–1995), and Christina Jutterström (1995–1996), each addressing evolving media landscapes amid declining print revenues and rising competition. Among contemporary key figures in the editorial leadership (redaktionsledning), Patrik Kronqvist serves as , guiding opinion pieces and analysis; Victor Malm holds the role of culture editor, influencing arts and debate coverage; and Christian Holmén directs investigative reporting, overseeing award-winning exposés. These roles support Granström's strategy of agile, multi-platform journalism, with frequent leadership adjustments to adapt to digital trends, as seen in 2021 expansions incorporating department heads like sport editor Kalle Forssell.

Editorial Stance and Approach

Political Orientation and Bias Assessments

Expressen describes its editorial stance as independent liberal, emphasizing classical liberal values such as individual freedom, free markets, and intervention. This self-identification aligns with its historical positioning as a counterweight to left-leaning outlets like , which has ties to the Social Democrats. External assessments consistently rate Expressen as leaning right-of-center. classifies it as Right-Center biased due to editorial positions that moderately favor conservative policies on issues like and economic , while maintaining high factual reporting standards (rated Mostly Factual). Ground News similarly assigns a Lean Right bias rating, based on aggregated analysis of its coverage. In the Swedish media landscape, where formal party affiliations have diminished since the mid-20th century, Expressen's slant is perceived as aligning with the center-right (Moderaterna) and right-wing elements of the Liberals, distinguishing it from more centrist broadsheets like . Perceptions of bias vary by audience ideology. Left-leaning readers often view Expressen as right-biased, particularly in its critical coverage of Social Democratic governments and immigration policies, while right-leaning audiences see it as centrist or insufficiently conservative. Empirical studies on Swedish media slant, using linguistic analysis of articles against parliamentary speeches, indicate ownership by the Bonnier Group influences content toward ideological consistency across outlets, though Expressen-specific deviations are not quantified beyond general right-leaning tendencies in tabloids. Pew Research notes that trust in Expressen correlates inversely with populist attitudes, suggesting its liberal framing appeals more to mainstream conservative readers than to far-right or far-left groups. No formal party endorsements are mandated in modern , but Expressen's editorials have historically supported center-right coalitions, as seen in critiques of expansion and advocacy for market reforms during elections. These positions reflect a causal emphasis on over redistribution, informed by Bonnier's business interests, though the outlet maintains independence in investigative reporting.

Journalistic Style and Sensationalism

Expressen adopts a tabloid format, utilizing a compact page size, bold typography, and visually dominant layouts to prioritize accessibility and reader engagement over in-depth analysis typical of broadsheet publications. This style integrates serious investigative reporting with coverage of scandals, crime, sports, and celebrity news, often blending factual accounts with opinionated commentary to appeal to a broad audience. The newspaper's approach emphasizes speed and immediacy, as seen in its encouragement of on-the-scene reporting via mobile devices, including real-time updates from everyday transit like taxi rides. Sensationalism forms a core element of Expressen's strategy, manifesting in exaggerated headlines and selective framing of stories to heighten drama and emotional impact, which critics argue can mislead readers despite underlying factual basis. For instance, the outlet frequently highlights personal scandals involving public figures, such as unsubstantiated or amplified claims about celebrities like footballer Zlatan Ibrahimović allegedly importing and killing a lion in 2011, drawing accusations of prioritizing clicks over verification. Academic analyses describe this as capitalizing on sensationalistic elements inherent to tabloid journalism, contrasting with more restrained elite press norms while maintaining a mix of hard news. Historically, Expressen has endured criticism for fostering sensational since its expansion in the mid-20th century, with contemporaries like Herbert Lövgren decrying its tactics as eroding discourse amid rising circulation. Despite such rebukes, the style has sustained commercial viability, with digital adaptations amplifying viral potential through provocative online content. Proponents contend this approach democratizes news access, though detractors, including media watchdogs, note occasional ethical lapses where hype overshadows precision.

Operations and Reach

Circulation Trends and Distribution

Expressen's print circulation peaked in the post-war era, exceeding 400,000 copies daily during the , but began a steady decline amid rising competition and the advent of alternatives. By , average daily circulation stood at 303,000 copies according to Tidningsstatistik () data. This figure continued to erode, reaching approximately 271,000 copies by 2010, consistent with broader tabloid trends driven by shifting reader habits toward consumption. The newspaper ceased audited reporting to after 2014, a move paralleled by other major dailies emphasizing metrics over traditional audits. Recent industry analyses project the end of Expressen's edition by late 2025 or early 2026, as the anticipated shutdown of rival Aftonbladet's operations would render solo economically unviable due to high costs for evening paper delivery. In parallel, has expanded robustly, with Expressen.se reporting a total digital reach of 4.34 million unique users and over 112 million page views monthly as of recent audits. accounts for the majority of this traffic, with 3.92 million users, underscoring the platform's reliance on and web-based . distribution traditionally occurs nationwide via channels, available at around 9,000 to 11,000 outlets including kiosks, supermarkets, and newsstands, with a cover price of 17 per copy. Subscriptions and limited via postal or courier services supplement sales, though evening tabloids like Expressen prioritize point-of-sale accessibility over morning paper-style bundled deliveries common in Sweden's regional . formats are disseminated through the primary , dedicated apps for and , email newsletters, and integrations, enabling real-time access without physical logistics.

Format, Content Focus, and Regional Editions

Expressen is published in tabloid format, featuring a compact page size of approximately 280 × 400 mm, which facilitates a visually driven layout with prominent images, bold headlines, and shorter articles compared to newspapers. This format supports its role as an evening daily, with print editions distributed nationwide since its founding in , alongside a robust digital platform at expressen.se that mirrors the print style through multimedia integration. The newspaper's content prioritizes fast-breaking news, , and entertainment-oriented stories, including , , , , and scandals, often delivered in a sensational to engage a broad audience. While it covers serious topics such as and affairs, a significant portion emphasizes celebrity gossip, lifestyle features, and opinion pieces aligned with its self-described independent liberal orientation. This mix reflects its competition with in the Swedish tabloid market, where reader retention relies on timely, attention-grabbing coverage rather than in-depth analysis. Expressen achieves national reach through three primary regional editions tailored to major population centers: the Stockholm-based core edition, GT (Göteborgs-Posten variant) focused on Västra Götaland and western Sweden with localized reporting from Gothenburg, and Kvällsposten serving Skåne, Blekinge, and southern Sweden centered on Malmö. These editions share about half their content with the national template but incorporate region-specific news, events, and advertisements to address local interests, a structure solidified after Bonnier's acquisitions of GT in the 1970s and Kvällsposten in 1998. This adaptation enhances distribution efficiency and relevance in a country with concentrated urban readership.

Notable Contributions

Investigative Reporting and Exposés

Expressen has conducted numerous investigative reports, often focusing on political scandals, security service lapses, and extremist activities, earning recognition from the Swedish Association of Investigative Journalists through multiple Guldspade awards. The newspaper's efforts have emphasized uncovering hidden connections between public figures and illicit operations, with reporters like Per Wendel pioneering rigorous source verification in high-stakes cases. One of Expressen's landmark exposés was the revelation of the Ebbe Carlsson affair on June 1, 1988, led by reporter Per Wendel. The reporting disclosed that publisher Ebbe Carlsson had initiated a clandestine investigation into the assassination of , involving unauthorized collaboration with officials and the smuggling of surveillance equipment, with tacit support from Justice Minister Anna-Greta Leijon. This exposé prompted the resignations of Leijon, National Commissioner Nils-Erik Åhmansson, and Security Service head Sune Sandström, and was later deemed Sweden's finest piece of by industry assessments. Wendel received the Stora Journalistpriset for the work, highlighting Expressen's role in exposing conflicts of interest within state institutions. In 2009, Expressen published documents from Säpo (Swedish Security Service) revealing that prominent journalist and author Jan Guillou had been recruited as a secret agent by the Soviet KGB in the late 1960s, accepting assignments and financial compensation over several years. Guillou acknowledged the contacts but described them as an "extrajob" aimed at a potential exposé on KGB operations, though he never published such a story; the reporting, based on declassified files, won the 2010 Guldspade award for its documentation of undisclosed foreign influence on a key media figure. More recent investigations include 2014's Guldspade-winning probe by Christian Holmén, David Baas, and collaborators, which identified individuals behind online neo-Nazi propaganda distribution, tracing networks responsible for thousands of inflammatory posts. Expressen has also exposed tech platforms' facilitation of hate content, such as Google's tolerance of videos from the far-right group promoting antisemitic harassment, prompting calls for regulatory scrutiny. Reporter Mattias Carlsson has secured two Guldspaden awards for series on security failures and exclusionary social dynamics, underscoring the outlet's ongoing commitment to data-driven accountability despite criticisms of sensational framing in some cases.

Impact on Public Discourse

Expressen's has frequently shaped Swedish public discourse by exposing underlying social tensions, particularly around , , and , often challenging optimistic establishment narratives. Its 2015 long-form series "5 days, 10 towns," which mapped networks involving EU migrants across multiple Swedish locales, documented systematic operations and fueled parliamentary debates on enacting a national begging ban, highlighting failures in EU mobility policies and local efforts. Similarly, the newspaper's coverage of gang violence and "no-go zones" in immigrant-heavy suburbs during the contributed to a broader shift in public sentiment, correlating with rising support for restrictive stances ahead of the 2018 and 2022 elections. In the realm of political accountability, Expressen's 2013 exposé unmasked dozens of prominent Swedes, including journalists and officials, for posting anonymous racist and sexist content online, igniting nationwide discussions on digital anonymity, regulation, and the hypocrisy within elite circles. The 2018 reporting by David Baas on organized far-right networks earned journalistic accolades and influenced media and policy scrutiny of alternative right-wing groups, while also prompting defenses of populist critiques amid ' electoral gains. More recently, in October 2025, Expressen's revelations on Islamist networks' infiltration into societal institutions prompted and Minister Lina Mohamsson to announce a government , underscoring the outlet's role in elevating security concerns over multicultural idealism. Through platforms like Expressen TV, the has hosted high-profile debates since 2018, reaching expanded audiences and intensifying partisan exchanges on and cultural , thereby accelerating the mainstreaming of once-marginalized critiques. This agenda-setting function, rooted in tabloid-style urgency, has drawn criticism for but demonstrably altered discourse trajectories, as evidenced by evolving press patterns on from humanitarian framing pre-2015 to security-oriented post-crisis analyses.

Controversies and Criticisms

Libel and Legal Challenges

In November 2006, a jury convicted the editor of Expressen of in connection with articles published about , which inaccurately portrayed aspects of his private life and alleged misconduct. The coverage prompted an investigation by Sweden's Chancellor of Justice, who handles public prosecutions for press-related under the Freedom of the Press Act. In December 2006, District Court imposed a fine on the editor, marking a rare instance of accountability for tabloid reporting on celebrity scandals, though damages in Swedish libel cases are typically limited compared to other jurisdictions. Expressen faced a high-profile defamation suit in the 1990s case of White v. Sweden, where British businessman Anthony White prosecuted the newspaper (alongside ) for articles in 1996 that depicted him as involved in criminal activities, including arms dealing and murder, based on investigative reporting. Swedish courts acquitted the editors, finding the publications protected under freedom of expression despite their defamatory nature, a decision upheld by the in 2006, which emphasized the public interest in exposing alleged . The ruling highlighted tensions between press freedom and individual reputation rights in Sweden's strict media liability regime. More recently, in March 2024, District Court convicted Expressen's Klas Granström of against climate activist Viktor Jonsson, stemming from a 2023 on activists blocking the highway; a factual error in an accompanying wrongly implied prior criminal convictions. Granström was fined 40 days' wages (approximately 40,000 ), following a press jury's assessment of the content as grossly defamatory. However, Svea Court of Appeal fully acquitted Expressen in December 2024, ruling the reporting constituted legitimate scrutiny of public disruption rather than actionable libel. Jonsson appealed to the in January 2025, leaving the final resolution pending. In September 2025, football agent Hasan Çetinkaya initiated a defamation lawsuit against Expressen and another outlet over articles alleging unethical practices in representing Arsenal-linked striker Viktor Gyökeres, including claims of aggressive client poaching. Gyökeres was summoned as a witness, underscoring the case's potential to test boundaries between sports journalism and personal attacks, though proceedings remain ongoing with no verdict as of late 2025. These challenges reflect Expressen's frequent exposure to litigation due to its aggressive tabloid style, with Swedish law balancing press protections against reputational harm through specialized juries and courts.

Accusations of Bias and Ethical Lapses

Expressen has faced accusations of right-center , with analyses citing its editorial endorsements and coverage patterns as favoring liberal-conservative positions on economic , skepticism, and criticism of democratic policies. Such claims often stem from perceptions among left-leaning observers that the newspaper disproportionately highlights scandals involving figures or institutions while downplaying similar issues on the right, though quantitative in have found limited evidence of systemic partisan skew during election periods across outlets including Expressen. Critics, including academic discourse analyses, have argued that Expressen's reporting on social issues like and upholds prevailing neoliberal ideologies under the guise of investigative scrutiny, rarely challenging underlying power structures. Public forums and commentators have echoed this, labeling the outlet as "very ed towards the right" in contrast to Sweden's predominantly center-left media landscape, where accusations of bias against more conservative voices like Expressen may reflect broader institutional preferences for progressive narratives. On ethical fronts, Expressen was censured by Mediernas Etiknämnd in April 2022 for violating good journalistic practice through the publication of an article detailing an individual's private life without adequate substantiation or justification, breaching Sweden's ethical guidelines on and . The decision highlighted failures in source vetting and proportionality, prompting internal reviews but no formal admission of fault from the newspaper. Additional ethical scrutiny has arisen from lawsuits alleging in sports reporting, such as a 2024 case by a agent claiming Expressen's articles falsely linked him to criminal networks without verifiable evidence, though subsequent ethics reviews acquitted the outlet in related complaints. These incidents underscore recurring tensions between Expressen's tabloid-style pursuit of exclusives and adherence to ethical standards like those in the Swedish Press Council code, which emphasize factual accuracy and minimal harm; defenders argue such lapses are isolated amid high-volume output, while detractors view them as symptomatic of prioritizing impact over rigor.

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