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Globe valve

A globe valve is a linear motion valve designed to stop, start, and regulate the flow of fluids in a pipeline, featuring a movable disk or plug that moves perpendicular to a stationary ring seat within a typically globular-shaped body.^[1]^[2] The design originated in the mid-19th century during the Industrial Revolution, with early patents for globe valves appearing in the 1860s to support steam engine applications and fluid control in emerging industrial systems.^[3] This construction allows the valve to provide effective throttling from fully open to fully closed positions, though it introduces a pressure drop due to the fluid's change in direction through the valve's internal partition.^[2] The primary components of a globe valve include the body, which houses the internal elements and connects to the pipeline; the bonnet, which encloses the stem and provides access for maintenance; the disk or plug, which controls flow by seating against the ring; the stem, which transmits motion from the actuator to the disk; and the seat, which forms a seal when the disk closes.^[1] Additional elements such as bolts for securing the bonnet, packing to prevent leakage along the stem, and a handwheel or actuator for operation complete the assembly, enabling reliable performance in various fluid systems.^[2] In operation, the globe valve functions by linearly raising or lowering the stem, which moves the disk away from or toward the seat to modulate flow; this perpendicular motion ensures positive shutoff and precise regulation, making it suitable for applications requiring frequent adjustments.^[1] Unlike gate valves, which are primarily for on/off service, globe valves excel in throttling due to their gradual closure, though the right-angle flow path results in higher resistance and head loss compared to straight-through designs.^[1]^[2] Globe valves are available in several types to suit different pressures and flows, including the traditional Z-body design with a horizontal seat and two 90-degree turns in the flow path; the Y-body variant, which angles the seat at 45 degrees to reduce resistance in high-pressure applications; and angle globe valves, which incorporate a single 90-degree turn for compact, directional flow control.^[1] These configurations allow use in sizes up to DN 600 or NPS 16, with materials selected for compatibility with water, steam, oil, gas, or corrosive fluids.^[2] Among the advantages of globe valves are their excellent throttling capability, minimal seat leakage from tight disk-to-seat contact, and ease of maintenance through bonnet access, making them ideal for control duties in industrial processes.^[1]^[2] However, disadvantages include significant pressure drops, larger size and weight relative to other valves, and potential noise in high-velocity or high-pressure scenarios, limiting their use in low-resistance or clean service applications.^[1]^[2] Commonly applied in water treatment, steam systems, chemical processing, and oil and gas pipelines, globe valves remain a staple for precise flow management where shutoff reliability is paramount.^[2]

Overview

Definition and Purpose

A globe valve is a type of control valve characterized by a movable disc or plug element and a stationary ring seat housed within a globular body, which allows linear motion of the disc to regulate fluid flow through a pipeline.^[4]^[5] This design enables the valve to function effectively across a range of positions, from fully open to fully closed.^[2] The primary purposes of globe valves are throttling for partial flow control, on/off shutoff for complete isolation, and pressure regulation in piping systems.^[5]^[6] They are particularly suitable for managing clean, viscous, or corrosive fluids, such as cooling water, fuel oil, chemical feeds, steam, and lubricants in industrial settings.^[5]^[7] Globe valves feature a spherical or globular body shape—named for its historical internal design—that houses an internal baffle separating the inlet and outlet, directing the flow through a circuitous path, though this configuration results in a higher pressure drop compared to straight-through designs.^[8]^[5] This trade-off enables superior precision in flow regulation, making them ideal for applications demanding accurate throttling.^[4] Unlike gate valves, which prioritize unrestricted full flow in the open position and are unsuitable for throttling, globe valves are optimized for gradual flow adjustments with reliable sealing.^[8] In contrast to ball valves, which provide quick quarter-turn operation for efficient on/off service with lower resistance, globe valves emphasize controlled modulation over rapid actuation.^[8]

Historical Development

The globe valve emerged in the 19th century during the Industrial Revolution, evolving from earlier plug and slide valves used in steam engines to provide more precise flow regulation. Early designs were essential for controlling steam in boilers and engines, with the first U.S. patents for globe valves appearing in the 1860s, such as the 1866 improvement in steam-engine globe-valves that enhanced discharge efficiency.^[9] Engineers contemporary to James Watt, whose steam engine innovations in the late 18th century necessitated reliable valving, contributed to these developments by adapting valve mechanisms for high-pressure steam applications in industrial settings.^[10] Key technological milestones shaped the globe valve's reliability and applicability. In the mid-1800s, cast iron bodies were introduced for industrial use, offering durability and ease of casting for steam systems, which improved upon brittle early materials.^[11] By the late 19th century, threaded bonnets became standard, providing a secure, easily disassemblable connection that enhanced maintenance in globe valve designs.^[12] Following World War II, advancements in materials like austenitic stainless steel addressed corrosion challenges, enabling use in harsh chemical and process environments.^[13] Standardization in the 20th century solidified the globe valve's role in modern engineering. The American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) established early codes in 1914 covering safety valves, with broader valve standards evolving to ensure interoperability by mid-century.^[14] The American Petroleum Institute (API) introduced API 602 in the early 1960s for compact forged steel gate, globe, and check valves, targeting petroleum applications up to NPS 4 sizes. By the 1970s, integration of electric and pneumatic actuators enabled automated variants, improving remote control in complex systems.^[15] Globe valves played a pivotal role in the Industrial Revolution by regulating boiler steam flow, supporting the expansion of factories and railways. In the 1950s and 1960s, the nuclear power and oil industries drove innovations in high-pressure designs, with metal diaphragm and forged steel globe valves meeting stringent safety and leak-free requirements for reactors and refineries.^[16]^[17]

Design and Operation

Working Principle

A globe valve functions through a linear motion mechanism in which a handwheel or actuator rotates to drive the stem, thereby raising or lowering the disc perpendicular to the flow path and establishing an S-shaped route for the fluid within the valve body.^[18] This perpendicular movement of the disc relative to the seat enables precise control over the flow passage, distinguishing the valve's operation from rotary designs.^[19] The opening and closing process begins with the stem lifting the disc away from the seat, permitting fluid to flow through the valve; when fully raised, the disc offers minimal restriction to achieve maximum throughput, while intermediate positions facilitate throttling by partially obstructing the path.^[8] To close the valve, the stem lowers the disc until it firmly contacts the seat, halting all flow and providing a reliable shutoff.^[20] Sealing dynamics rely on the disc's alignment and compression against the seat to form a barrier that blocks internal flow, with additional packing around the stem ensuring no external leakage occurs during operation.^[21] The seal's effectiveness is enhanced by the fluid pressure assisting the disc's seating in certain configurations, such as when pressure acts from above the disc.^[8] At its core, the working principle depends on the pressure differential across the valve to drive fluid movement, with the valve's design absorbing energy through flow path changes that generate turbulence and friction via the position of the disc, making it suitable for regulating flows at velocities up to moderate levels before erosion risks increase.^[18]^[21]

Flow Characteristics

The flow path in a globe valve follows an S-shaped route, which directs the fluid to change direction multiple times, resulting in significantly higher resistance compared to straight-through valves like gate valves.^[22] This configuration typically produces a pressure drop (ΔP) that is 3 to 5 times greater than that of a gate valve for the same flow rate and size, due to the tortuous path increasing frictional losses and turbulence. The elevated ΔP makes globe valves suitable for applications requiring throttling but less ideal for systems prioritizing minimal energy loss.^[5] The flow coefficient (Cv) quantifies a globe valve's capacity to pass fluid, defined for liquids as the flow rate in US gallons per minute (Q) of water at 60°F (15.6°C) that produces a 1 psi pressure drop across the valve.^[23] The standard formula is:

C_v = Q \sqrt{\frac{SG}{\Delta P}}

where SG is the specific gravity of the fluid relative to water (SG = 1 for water) and ΔP is the pressure drop in psi.^[23] Typical Cv values for globe valves range from 10 to 1000, varying with valve size, trim design, and manufacturer; for example, a 1-inch globe valve might have a Cv of 10–15, while larger 6-inch models can reach 500–1000 for full-port configurations.^[24] Globe valves excel in throttling applications, providing effective flow regulation from approximately 10% to 90% open, beyond which control becomes imprecise and risks instability.^[25] They commonly feature an equal percentage flow characteristic, where equal increments in valve stem travel produce equal percentage changes in flow rate, enabling linear control response despite varying system pressures.^[26] To mitigate erosion, noise, and cavitation, globe valves should operate within recommended velocity limits: a maximum inlet velocity of about 10 m/s (33 ft/s) for non-abrasive liquids in continuous duty, and up to 40 m/s (131 ft/s) exit velocity for steam, with higher ΔP exacerbating risks of cavitation where local pressure drops below the fluid's vapor pressure.^[27]^[28] Exceeding these can lead to rapid component degradation, particularly in high-velocity zones near the seat and disc.^[29] For gases and steam, the metric flow coefficient Kv is used, related to Cv by Kv ≈ 0.865 × Cv, accounting for flow in cubic meters per hour at a 1 bar pressure drop.^[23] In these media, choked flow occurs when the pressure ratio across the valve reaches a critical value, limiting maximum flow to sonic velocities (Mach 1) at the vena contracta, beyond which further pressure reduction does not increase throughput.^[30] This condition is common in high-pressure-drop scenarios for compressible fluids, requiring careful sizing to avoid inefficiency.^[28]

Components

Body and Bonnet

The body of a globe valve serves as the primary external housing, typically constructed in a globular shape through casting or forging processes to contain the internal flow path and provide structural integrity for pressure containment. It features inlet and outlet ports that direct fluid through the valve, with end connections commonly including flanged (per ASME B16.5), threaded (NPT), socket weld, or butt weld (ASME B16.25) configurations to facilitate integration into piping systems. These bodies are designed to handle pressure ratings up to ASME Class 2500, equivalent to approximately 2500 psi at ambient temperatures, depending on material and size.^[31]^[32] The bonnet acts as a removable cover that secures the internal components while allowing access for maintenance, enclosing the stem and packing assembly to prevent leakage. Bonnet types include screwed (union-style for smaller, lower-pressure valves), bolted (using gaskets for moderate pressures), and pressure-seal designs, which are employed for high-pressure applications above 900 psi to enhance sealing under elevated loads. In pressure-seal bonnets, internal fluid pressure compresses a gasket against the body-bonnet interface, improving tightness as pressure increases, and these are standard for services exceeding ASME Class 600.^[33]^[34]^[35] Material selection for both body and bonnet prioritizes compatibility with operating conditions, with carbon steel (ASTM A216 Grade WCB for castings) used for general-purpose applications due to its strength and cost-effectiveness, while corrosion-resistant alloys like 316 stainless steel (ASTM A351 Grade CF8M) are chosen for aggressive environments. Bronze or cast iron may be specified for lower-pressure, non-corrosive services, ensuring compliance with standards such as ASME B16.34 for pressure-temperature ratings. All materials undergo rigorous testing to meet ASTM specifications, verifying tensile strength and ductility for safe pressure containment.^[32]^[36]^[37] The assembly interface between the body and bonnet typically employs a gasket seal—such as spiral-wound or ring-joint types—for bolted connections to ensure leak-proof joints, or a welded seal for permanent high-integrity applications. This design facilitates straightforward disassembly for inspection and repair, with features like bonnet extensions in high-temperature services to protect packing materials. Compliance with ASME Section IX governs any welding processes at this interface.^[31]^[38]

Disc, Seat, and Cage

The disc, also known as the plug, is the movable element in a globe valve that regulates flow by lifting perpendicular to the seat, thereby controlling the opening area. Common disc designs include the plug type, which features a cylindrical shape with a tapered or rounded end for a tight seal; the ball type, characterized by a spherical shape that facilitates easier operation and reduced wear; and the conical type, which provides precise throttling due to its angled profile matching the seat. These shapes allow the disc to be fully removed from the flow path for unrestricted flow or positioned to restrict it partially. Materials for discs typically include soft metals like brass for low-pressure applications or hard alloys such as 13% chromium stainless steel, often hardfaced with Stellite for durability in erosive environments.^[39]^[40]^[41] The seat is a fixed ring integrated into the valve body, designed to mate with the disc for shutoff and featuring angled or flat surfaces to ensure tight closure. Seats are often renewable, meaning they can be replaced without altering the body, and are typically welded or threaded in place for easy maintenance. To resist erosion from high-velocity or abrasive fluids, seats are hardfaced with overlays like Stellite-6, applied to a minimum thickness of 2 mm, and precision-ground to a surface finish of Ra 0.4–0.8 μm for optimal sealing. Materials commonly used include forged stainless steel, providing corrosion resistance and compatibility with various process media.^[42]^[43]^[44] In larger or control-oriented globe valves, the cage serves as a guiding structure that surrounds and aligns the disc for precise linear motion, particularly in high-flow or high-pressure scenarios. The cage is a perforated cylindrical component that retains the seat ring, distributes flow evenly through its openings, and enables multiple-stage pressure drops to minimize cavitation and noise. This design enhances operational stability by reducing vibrations and improving rangeability, allowing customized flow characteristics via varying perforation patterns. Cages are constructed from robust materials like stainless steel to withstand dynamic loads and are especially beneficial in balanced valve configurations for extended service life.^[45]^[46]^[47] The interaction between the disc, seat, and cage achieves reliable sealing and flow control, with the disc pressing against the seat under stem force to attain low-leakage shutoff. In metal-to-metal contact designs, this contact supports Class VI leakage rates per ANSI/FCI 70-2 standards for control valves, permitting no more than 0.0005 ml per minute per inch of seat diameter at full differential pressure, ensuring near-bubble-tight performance in demanding applications. The cage further stabilizes this interaction by preventing disc misalignment, which is critical for maintaining shutoff integrity and reducing wear in turbulent flows.^[48]^[49]

Stem and Actuation

The stem in a globe valve serves as a threaded rod that connects the actuator to the disc, facilitating linear motion to open or close the valve. Globe valve stems are available in rising or non-rising configurations: in rising stems, the rod extends upward as the valve opens, providing a visual indication of position, while non-rising stems rotate in place without vertical movement, making them suitable for space-constrained installations.^[50]^[51] Common materials for stems include 13% chromium stainless steel (13Cr SS), selected for its martensitic structure and enhanced corrosion resistance in harsh environments such as oil and gas applications.^[52]^[53] To prevent fluid leakage along the stem, a packing gland compresses sealing materials around it, ensuring a reliable barrier between the internal pressure and the external atmosphere.^[54] Packing consists of multi-layer seals, typically braided or die-formed rings made from materials like flexible graphite or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), which are compressed within the stuffing box to form a dynamic seal around the moving stem. Graphite provides high-temperature stability and chemical resistance, while PTFE offers low friction and broad compatibility with corrosive fluids; combinations of these materials are often used for optimal performance across varying conditions.^[55]^[56] Lantern rings, perforated spacers integrated into the packing stack, allow for the introduction of lubricants or flush fluids, reducing wear and extending seal life by dissipating heat and preventing contamination.^[57]^[58] Actuation mechanisms enable the stem's operation, ranging from manual to automated systems. Manual actuation commonly employs a handwheel for multi-turn operation or a lever for quarter-turn variants, providing direct control for smaller valves or low-frequency use.^[51]^[59] For automated applications, electric actuators use motors for precise positioning, pneumatic actuators rely on compressed air for rapid response, and hydraulic actuators deliver high torque via fluid pressure, often integrated with a yoke structure that supports multi-turn gearing for efficient force transmission from the actuator to the stem.^[60]^[61]^[62] Key design considerations for the stem and actuation include the backseat feature, a hardened bushing in the bonnet that creates a secondary seal when the valve is fully open, allowing packing renewal without fully depressurizing the system in certain procedures.^[63]^[64] Stem seal performance is evaluated under standards such as ISO 5208, which defines leakage rate classes (A through G) for pressure testing, ensuring the stem exclusion seal withstands specified pressures with minimal allowable leakage, typically Class B or better for industrial globe valves.^[65]^[66]

Types and Variations

Standard Globe Valves

Standard globe valves represent the conventional designs used for flow regulation and isolation in piping systems, characterized by their linear motion and internal flow paths that enable throttling capabilities. These valves typically feature an inline or angled configuration with a movable disc that seats against a fixed ring to control fluid passage. The primary body designs include the Z-body, angle, and Y-body, each optimized for specific installation and performance needs while adhering to established manufacturing standards.^[1] The Z-body design is the most common configuration for standard globe valves, featuring an inline inlet and outlet with an internal S- or Z-shaped flow path that directs fluid through a 180-degree turn around the disc and seat. This symmetrical structure positions the seat horizontally, with the stem and disc moving perpendicular to the pipeline axis, facilitating straightforward manufacturing, installation, and maintenance. Z-body valves are widely employed in general service applications due to their robust construction and ease of repair. They are available in common sizes ranging from 1/2 inch to 24 inches (DN15 to DN600) and pressure classes from 150 to 2500, as defined by ASME B16.34 for pressure-temperature ratings, dimensions, and tolerances.^[1]^[67]^[68] The angle and Y-body designs serve as variations for more compact installations where space constraints or flow efficiency are priorities. The angle design orients the inlet and outlet at a 90-degree angle, incorporating a flat diaphragm that allows fluid to make a single turn, effectively combining valve and elbow functions in one unit. This design suits moderate pressure drop scenarios and reduces overall piping length. In contrast, the Y-body maintains a straight-through alignment but achieves a shorter face-to-face dimension through an angled seat and stem at approximately 45 degrees, providing a straighter flow path that minimizes pressure loss compared to the Z-body while remaining suitable for high-pressure services. Both variations conform to the same size and pressure class ranges as Z-body valves under ASME B16.34.^[1]^[68] Manufacturing standards for standard globe valves emphasize reliability and compliance with industry codes, particularly API 600 for cast steel constructions and API 602 for forged steel. Bolted bonnets are standard for sizes greater than 2 inches to allow easy access for maintenance, while forged bodies are preferred for high-pressure applications due to their superior strength and leak resistance. Trim materials, such as 13Cr stainless steel for the disc and stem or fully stainless steel options, are selected for general service to ensure corrosion resistance and durability in contact with fluids. These valves are typically rated for temperatures from -50°C to 425°C, depending on the body material like carbon steel (e.g., ASTM A216 WCB), and are suitable for controlling water, oil, and gas up to 100 bar in non-specialized environments.^[69]^[70]^[71]^[72]

Specialized Variants

Angle globe valves feature a design where the inlet and outlet ports are oriented at a 90-degree angle to each other, enabling a sharp turn in flow direction that is particularly suited for installation in confined spaces.^[73] This configuration minimizes the required piping length and reduces erosion on the valve body by directing high-velocity discharge flows away from straight-line paths, making them ideal for applications such as pump outlets.^[23] They maintain the linear motion closure mechanism of standard globe valves while offering enhanced flow efficiency in directional changes.^[74] Three-way globe valves incorporate three pipeline connections to facilitate either diverging (flow-splitting) or converging (flow-mixing) operations, allowing a single valve to manage multiple flow paths without additional components.^[75] Often designed in a Y-pattern, these variants ensure balanced port pressures and equal flow distribution across outlets, which is achieved through symmetrical internal geometry.^[76] This setup provides reliable diversion or mixing in processes requiring stream integration or separation.^[75] Bellows-seal globe valves employ a metallic bellows as the primary stem seal, forming a flexible, convolute barrier that prevents leakage of hazardous fluids in high-integrity applications such as nuclear power systems.^[77] The bellows acts as a secondary containment alongside traditional packing, eliminating emissions from stem packing and enabling operation under toxic or radioactive conditions with cycle lives exceeding 10,000 operations.^[78] This design incorporates a non-rotating stem to avoid bellows torsion and includes monitoring ports for integrity checks.^[77] Cryogenic globe valves are adapted with extended bonnets to insulate the stem packing and seals from extreme low temperatures, such as those in liquefied natural gas (LNG) service at -196°C, preventing material embrittlement and ensuring reliable sealing.^[79] Stainless steel construction and extended bonnet lengths maintain a gas column that protects upper components from cryogenic effects.^[80] For high-temperature applications, such as steam systems up to 650°C, variants use materials like Inconel alloys in the bellows and body to withstand thermal expansion and corrosion, often with pressure-seal designs for elevated pressures.^[77] These modifications preserve the valve's throttling capability while extending service life in thermal extremes.^[81] Globe valves configured as control valves integrate cage-guided trim for enhanced stability and high flow capacity, with the cage providing lateral support to the plug for precise alignment during modulation.^[23] They are typically paired with pneumatic or electric positioners that translate control signals into stem movement, achieving accurate flow regulation across a wide rangeability.^[5] This setup supports integration with actuation systems for automated operation in demanding process environments.^[82]

Applications

Industrial Uses

Globe valves are extensively used in the oil and gas industry for precise flow regulation, particularly in pipeline throttling and wellhead control applications, where their ability to handle varying pressures ensures safe and efficient operation. These valves must comply with API 623 standards, which specify design, manufacturing, and testing requirements for steel globe valves in refinery and related applications to withstand harsh conditions, including sour service environments involving hydrogen sulfide exposure.^[83] In power generation, globe valves play a critical role in regulating steam flow within boiler and turbine cycles, enabling accurate control of high-temperature and high-pressure steam to optimize energy efficiency and prevent system overloads. They are designed for high pressures suitable for supercritical steam systems in thermal power plants.^[84]^[85] Within chemical processing plants, globe valves are employed for handling corrosive fluids such as acids and solvents, utilizing materials like stainless steel alloys or PTFE linings to resist degradation and maintain process integrity. Alloy constructions, including Hastelloy or Alloy 20, provide enhanced resistance to chemical attack, ensuring reliable throttling in reactive environments without contamination risks.^[86]^[87]^[88] In water treatment facilities, globe valves facilitate flow control during desalination and filtration processes, where low-pressure configurations using bronze materials offer durability and corrosion resistance in saline or treated water systems. Bronze models are particularly valued for their non-reactivity with water-based media, supporting precise regulation in municipal and industrial purification setups.^[89]^[90] Sizing of globe valves in industrial applications is determined primarily by pipe diameter and required flow rate, with the valve's capacity calculated to achieve optimal pressure drop and avoid excessive throttling losses. In scenarios demanding significant pressure reduction, multiple globe valves are often installed in series to enable staged flow control, distributing the load and enhancing system stability.^[91]

Fluid Control Scenarios

Globe valves are extensively employed in throttling applications where precise flow regulation is required, such as pressure reduction in industrial cooling systems. In cooling towers and HVAC setups, these valves modulate the flow of chilled or hot water to maintain optimal temperatures while minimizing energy losses from pressure drops. For instance, their linear motion design allows for gradual adjustments that prevent sudden surges, ensuring stable operation in pumping circuits.^[92]^[86]^[5] In bypass lines around pumps, globe valves facilitate controlled recirculation to protect equipment during low-demand periods or startup sequences. This setup enables severe throttling to divert excess flow back to the suction side, reducing wear on impellers and maintaining minimum flow rates without excessive pressure buildup. Their ability to handle high pressure drops makes them suitable for such dynamic environments, where rapid adjustments are needed to avoid overheating or cavitation.^[93]^[94] For isolation duties, globe valves provide reliable shutoff in emergency scenarios within hazardous processes, such as chemical plants handling toxic or flammable fluids. Their disc-to-seat configuration achieves tight closure, isolating sections of piping to contain leaks or prevent propagation of incidents like fires or spills. Often paired with check valves in pump discharge lines, globe valves serve as upstream isolation points, allowing safe maintenance while the check valve prevents backflow. This combination enhances system integrity in high-risk operations, complying with safety standards for rapid response.^[95]^[96]^[97] In high-velocity scenarios, multi-stage globe valves are critical for preventing cavitation during pump recirculation in applications like boiler feedwater systems. These designs incorporate multiple pressure-reducing stages within the trim to distribute the pressure drop, minimizing fluid velocity and vapor bubble formation that could erode internal components. By staging the letdown process, they ensure stable flow in high-differential pressure environments, such as automatic recirculation lines, where single-stage valves would fail due to acoustic noise and material damage.^[98]^[99]^[100] Globe valves with sanitary trims find essential use in clean service environments, particularly in food and pharmaceutical processing, where FDA-compliant materials like 316L stainless steel are mandated for hygiene. These valves feature polished surfaces and crevice-free designs to prevent bacterial buildup, enabling sterile handling of liquids such as dairy products or injectables. Compliance with standards like 3A and EHEDG ensures they meet regulatory requirements for contamination control in aseptic operations.^[101]^[102]^[103] However, globe valves have significant limitations in slurry handling due to their susceptibility to erosion from abrasive particles. The complex internal geometry, including the S-shaped flow path and disc-seat interface, promotes particle accumulation and accelerated wear, reducing service life in applications involving solids-laden fluids like mining slurries or wastewater. In such cases, alternatives like ball valves are preferred for their smoother flow paths and reduced erosion risk, though selection depends on slurry abrasiveness.^[104]^[105]

Performance and Considerations

Advantages

Globe valves excel in precise throttling applications due to their inherent flow characteristics, which can be linear—providing a direct proportional relationship between stem travel and flow rate—or equal percentage, where flow capacity increases exponentially with valve travel for stable regulation across varying system demands.^[106] This design allows for accurate control of fluid flow, making them suitable for processes requiring fine adjustments without abrupt changes.^[107] They also offer reliable shutoff performance, achieving bubble-tight closure in soft-seated configurations with low leakage rates, such as no visible leakage (0 ml/min) for small valves under API 598 testing standards for seat leakage in liquid media.^[49] This tight sealing ensures minimal fluid bypass when fully closed, enhancing system efficiency in control tasks.^[108] In terms of durability, globe valves are robust for frequent operation in clean fluids, where proper maintenance can extend service life to over a decade, supporting repeated cycling without significant wear.^[109] Their construction withstands the stresses of regular throttling, contributing to long-term reliability in non-abrasive environments.^[110] Versatility is a key strength, with material options spanning cast iron, bronze, stainless steel, and alloys that accommodate operating temperatures from approximately -200°C to 425°C (800°F), depending on the grade and application.^[111] Additionally, their linear stem motion facilitates easy integration with actuators for automated control systems.^[112] From a safety perspective, the multi-turn operation of globe valves results in slower opening and closing compared to quarter-turn designs, reducing the risk of water hammer and system slam by allowing gradual pressure changes.^[113] This controlled action minimizes hydraulic shock, protecting downstream piping and equipment.^[114]

Disadvantages and Limitations

Globe valves exhibit a significant pressure drop when fully open due to their tortuous internal flow path, which changes the direction of fluid multiple times and increases resistance, often limiting allowable pressure drop to 30-50% of upstream pressure in liquid service applications.^[115] This results in energy losses from higher pumping requirements compared to straight-through valves. The flow coefficient (Cv) of globe valves is typically much lower than that of gate valves for equivalent sizes and pressure classes; for example, a 2-inch class 300# globe valve has a Cv of approximately 47, while a comparable gate valve reaches 307, indicating globe valves permit only about 15-20% of the flow capacity under the same conditions.^[116] Globe valves are generally more expensive to manufacture and purchase than gate or ball valves of similar specifications, owing to their complex body design and additional internal components like the bonnet and stem assembly. They also tend to be bulkier and heavier, requiring more space in piping systems and demanding higher actuation torque, particularly for larger sizes, which complicates installation in compact setups. Maintenance demands for globe valves are higher than for simpler valve types, as the packing around the stem requires frequent adjustment or replacement to prevent leaks, especially in high-cycle throttling operations. Additionally, the disc and seat are susceptible to erosion in applications involving dirty or abrasive fluids, accelerating wear and necessitating more regular inspections and part replacements. Due to their design prioritizing throttling over unrestricted flow, globe valves are unsuitable for high-volume applications requiring minimal pressure differential, as their restricted passage limits flow to less than 50% of pipe velocity in many scenarios without excessive energy penalties. Sealing reliability can be affected in such restricted flows, though this ties to core component interactions. In turbulent flow conditions, globe valves are prone to generating noise and vibration from high-velocity fluid impingement and pressure fluctuations within the valve trim, often requiring specialized noise-attenuating designs to mitigate acoustic issues in sensitive environments.^[117]

Installation and Maintenance

Installation Procedures

Proper installation of globe valves requires careful site preparation to ensure alignment with existing pipe runs and adequate support structures to prevent mechanical stress on the valve body. Valves should be positioned to minimize pipe expansion or contraction forces, with pipework supported closely to the valve ends using appropriate hangers or brackets. For rising stem globe valves, a vertical stem orientation is recommended to facilitate smooth operation and reduce the risk of debris accumulation on the stem, which could cause binding; horizontal stem installation is possible but may require additional safeguards.^[118]^[119] Connection methods vary by end type, with flanged connections tightened progressively in a star or crossover pattern to achieve uniform gasket compression, following ASME PCC-1 guidelines for bolted flange joint assembly to avoid over-torquing that could distort the flange. For screwed ends, apply a suitable thread sealant or tape to ensure a leak-proof seal, ensuring the sealant is compatible with the process fluid. Welded ends, such as butt-weld configurations, must be aligned precisely with the pipe before welding, adhering to AWS D10.12M/D10.12 recommended practices for mild steel pipe to achieve full penetration welds without defects.^[120] Post-installation testing is essential to verify integrity, including hydrostatic shell testing at 1.5 times the valve's pressure rating—for instance, approximately 425 psi (or 450 psi when rounded per MSS SP-61) for a typical Class 150 valve with 285 psi cold working pressure—to detect leaks or weaknesses, with acceptance criteria defined by MSS SP-61 for pressure testing of valves. Seat closure leak checks should also follow MSS SP-61 standards, using water or air at specified pressures to confirm no visible leakage beyond allowable rates. Lines must be flushed and cleaned of debris prior to testing to prevent damage to internal components.^[121]^[122] Safety protocols during installation include isolating and depressurizing the flow, draining any residual fluids, and venting the system to eliminate hazards before handling the valve. Personnel must wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) suited to the process conditions, such as gloves, eye protection, and protective clothing, and use qualified lifting methods to position the valve. For automated installations with actuators, calibrate the actuator alignment and stroke limits post-connection to ensure proper valve operation without binding.^[118]^[120] Common errors in globe valve installation can compromise system reliability, such as misalignment between the valve and pipe runs, which induces stress leading to flange leaks or body distortion. Oversizing the valve relative to flow requirements often results in excessive pressure drop (ΔP), increasing energy costs and reducing efficiency.^[123]^[64]

Maintenance and Standards

Routine maintenance of globe valves involves regular inspections to ensure operational integrity and prevent failures. Visual inspections for corrosion and external damage should be conducted periodically, typically during shutdowns or as part of operational checks, to identify early signs of degradation on the valve body, bonnet, and stem.^[64] Stem packing should be checked quarterly for leaks or wear, with adjustments or replacements made to maintain a proper seal and prevent fluid escape.^[124] Annual pressure tests, following established protocols, are recommended to verify the valve's ability to withstand rated pressures without leakage, ensuring compliance with safety requirements.^[125] Repair procedures for globe valves require careful execution under de-pressurized conditions to avoid hazards. For addressing leaks, seat lapping is a common technique where the disc and seat surfaces are ground together using abrasive compounds to restore a tight seal, often performed after disassembly.^[126] Disc replacement involves removing the bonnet, extracting the stem and disc assembly, and installing a new disc compatible with the valve specifications, followed by reassembly and testing.^[127] Bonnet removal, essential for internal access, must be done systematically by loosening bolts evenly after isolating and depressurizing the system, allowing inspection and repair of internal components.^[128] Globe valves must adhere to industry standards for manufacturing, testing, and application-specific performance. API 598 outlines requirements for valve inspection, examination, and pressure testing, including shell and seat tests to confirm leak-tightness across various valve types like globe valves.^[129] ISO 15761 specifies design, materials, and testing for compact steel gate, globe, and check valves up to DN 100, tailored for petroleum and natural gas industries.^[130] For sour service environments containing hydrogen sulfide, NACE MR0175/ISO 15156 provides guidelines on material selection and qualification to resist sulfide stress cracking in carbon and low-alloy steels used in globe valves.^[131] Predictive maintenance techniques enhance reliability by detecting issues before they lead to downtime. Vibration monitoring uses sensors to track abnormal oscillations in the valve stem or body, indicating potential misalignment or wear that could cause failure.^[132] Thermal imaging identifies packing wear by detecting localized heat from friction or minor leaks around the stem, allowing timely interventions without full disassembly.^[133] At end-of-life, globe valves are decommissioned and recycled based on material composition to minimize environmental impact. Steel components are processed for recycling in accordance with ASTM standards for ferrous scrap, such as those ensuring quality for remelting in new products.^[134] Common failure modes prompting replacement include stem fracture, often due to overload or material fatigue from cyclic loading in high-pressure applications.^[135]

References

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Valves | Engineering Library
Therefore, the globe valve may be used for both stopping and starting fluid flow and for regulating flow. When compared to a gate valve, a globe valve generally ...
[2]
Globe Valve - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics
Globe valves are devices used to regulate or throttle fluid flow, capable of operating effectively from fully open to fully closed positions.
[3]
Globe Valve Functions, Types and Uses
### Definition
[4]
Globe Valves | Emerson US
They have a body distinguished by a globular-shaped cavity around the port region and are designed to regulate process flow when used in conjunction with an ...
[5]
Globe Valves
Globe valves are designed to stop, start, and regulate flow within a pipeline, by means of throttling and isolation. These types of valves can be used in ...Missing: definition | Show results with:definition
[6]
Globe Valve vs Gate Valve: A Comprehensive Comparison
Globe Valve: Better suited for high-temperature, corrosive, or pressurized environments—its robust internal design ensures reliable sealing and control. Gate ...
[7]
Back to Basics: Globe Valves | Valve Magazine
Oct 3, 2022 · The globe valve can be used as a block or isolation valve, it is designed to regulate flow in the partially open position, while gate valves are designed to be ...Missing: definition engineering
[8]
US58503A - Improvement in steam-engine globe-valves
IMPROVEMENT IN STEAM-ENGINE GLOBE-VALVES. Speeication forming part of Letters Patent No. 58,503, dated October 2, 1866. To all whom it may concern: Be ...Missing: first | Show results with:first
[9]
https://patents.google.com/patent/US58503A/en
[10]
The A to Z of Valve Materials
Oct 19, 2008 · Iron was relatively easy to cast and was used for numerous piping components. In the mid 1800s, brass foundry productivity improved to the point ...
[11]
Globe Valve: Comprehensive Guide || 5 FAQs & Quiz - Blog EPCland
Aug 13, 2023 · The concept of globe valves dates back centuries, evolving in tandem with human understanding of fluid dynamics. Historically, early globe ...
[12]
https://blog.epcland.com/globe-valve/
[13]
Our Industry - Valve Manufacturers Association
International Organization for Standardization (ISO) published its first standard in 1947; some of ISO's standards are used regularly by U.S. and Canadian valve ...
[14]
A Brief History of Valves & Valve Automation - Strahman Group
Sep 23, 2020 · We can trace the first usage of valves back to the Romans, who engineered these devices as part of their intricate canal systems. These early ...
[15]
History - KEROTEST
Apr 23, 2024 · So in the late 1950's when the nuclear industry was emerging, we took our proven leak-free metal diaphragm valve technology and applied it as a ...
[16]
[PDF] Valves – Standard and Automatic Process Control - PDH Online
The Nuclear Power industry of the 50's & 60's forced the creation of even more standards and specifications affecting the valve manufacturers and end-users.<|control11|><|separator|>
[17]
How Does a Globe Valve Work - Dombor Valve
Sep 7, 2022 · The main working principle of a globe valve involves the movement of a disc that acts as the closure member. By moving the disc in or out of ...
[18]
[PDF] Valves - West Virginia University
Manual Valves (See Figure 1). Manual valves require manual operation, such as a hand wheel or lever, which are pri- marily used to stop and start flow (shut-off.
[19]
What Is A Globe Valve? | Trillium Flow Technologies™
A globe valve is an instrument used to stop and/or control the flow of fluids in a pipeline. It works by halting the flow of a fluid through a pipe.
[20]
CIR824/WI005: Valves in Irrigation Systems - University of Florida
Globe valves are widely used for flow control. A tapered plug or disk, which closes onto a seating surface, acts as a flow control element in this type of valve ...
[21]
https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/publication/WI005
[22]
[PDF] CONTROL VALVE HANDBOOK | Emerson
Chapter 3 covers valve and actuator types. Chapter 4 describes digital valve controllers, analog positioners, boosters, and other control valve accessories.
[23]
The Ultimate Valve Cv Sheets | THINKTANK - Control Valves
Jul 19, 2022 · Control valve CV refers to the flow coefficient of the valve. It applies to the coefficient of pressure drop(ΔP) or head drop (Δh) on the valve of Q(flow ...Missing: limits | Show results with:limits
[24]
[PDF] PROPERLY SIZE CONTROL VALVES | Emerson
A typical control valve with an equal-percentage flow characteristic has about a 30:1 turndown ratio (i.e., the ratio of maximum Cv to minimum Cv). However, ...
[25]
https://www.emerson.com/documents/automation/article-properly-size-control-valves-fisher-en-38152.pdf
[26]
[PDF] 2- and 3-way globe valves - Belimo
Flow characteristics. 2-way globe valve. The characteristic curve is equal percentage with a characteristic curve factor n(gl) = 3. This guarantees stable ...
[27]
Flow control manual - Liquid flow - Valmet
Controlling the fluid velocity, which is equivalent to controlling the pressure in the valve trim, is an effective means to avoid cavitation. For each liquid in ...
[28]
[PDF] Understanding Choked Flow in Fisher™ Valves
In gas flows, it is due to the gas reaching sonic velocity at the vena contracta. The equations below show how these values are obtained, and how they relate to ...
[29]
https://www.belimo.com/mam/europe/technical-documentation/project_planning_notes/belimo_notes-for-project-planning_2-way-3-way_globe_valve_en-gb.pdf
[30]
[PDF] Forged Gate, Globe and Check Valves - Bonney Forge
BFE products are manufactured and tested in strict accordance to ASTM, ASME, ANSI, API and other applicable industry codes and specifications. Chemical and ...
[31]
[PDF] Data Sheets: sempell Pressure Seal Cast Globe Valves
Pressure ratings: ASME Class 1900 and 2850 for Y type. ASME Class 1200, 1900 and. 2850 for T type. Body materials: All the cast materials stated in the ASTM ...
[32]
Valve Bonnet - Types, Leakages, and Repair
Generally, bolted and pressure seal bonnets provide the best option in higher pressure applications, Pressure seal bonnets become the only option in very high ...
[33]
Bolted Bonnets vs. Pressure Seals for Valves
Dec 5, 2023 · Let's compare the body-to-Bonnet sealing mechanism of pressure seals and bolted Bonnets in order to better understand the pressure seal design concept.Missing: screwed | Show results with:screwed
[34]
Pressure Seal Bonnet Globe Valves | Trillium Flow Technologies™
Our pressure seal design is equipped with bonnet lift-up bolts (live-loading type) to pull the bonnet up and seal against the pressure seal gasket. This ...
[35]
[PDF] Valve Trim Body Material Grade CF8M WCB CF8 CF3 CN7M
VALVE BODY MATERIALS. The following are examples of the most common valve body material types and their applications: ASTM A351 gr. CF8M 316 Stainless Steel.
[36]
Selecting the Right Materials for Your Globe Valves | Tameson.com
Apr 25, 2024 · Globe valve body materials · Carbon steel: A popular choice for industrial applications due to its ruggedness and cost-effectiveness. · Cast iron: ...
[37]
[PDF] Pressure Seal Gate, Globe & Check Valve
Pressure seal bonnet valves are a compact alternative to bolted bonnets, especially for high pressure applications. Pressure seal valves have a valve bonnet ...<|control11|><|separator|>
[38]
Types of Disc of Globe Valve
Aug 31, 2024 · Plug-type Disc: It is the most normal disc type of globe valve. This disc has a cylindrical shape with a tapered or rounded end. It provides a ...
[39]
What are the different types of disc designs in a globe valve? - Blog
Jul 22, 2025 · The ball disc design in a globe valve features a spherical disc. This design offers several advantages over the plug disc. The spherical shape ...1. Plug Disc Design · 2. Ball Disc Design · 4. Conical Disc Design<|separator|>
[40]
[PDF] Bellows Sealed Globe Valve Model 350 - Flow and Control
The standard disc-seat combination for named services is an integral seat with 18% Chromium hardfacing and a hardfaced 13% Chromium disc. For sophisticated ...<|separator|>
[41]
[PDF] GLOBE VALVE
SEAT RING. Supplied in forged stainless steel, hardfaced with Stellite-6. (2 mm of minimun thickness). Seat ring is renewable, normally welded to the body.
[42]
[PDF] Globe Valve Design Disc Style Types | Global Supply Line
The tapered v-plug disc has a flat finished bottom, being the most common standard globe disc type, as well as simple and economical.
[43]
[PDF] YARWAY HANCOCK T-PATTERN GLOBE VALVES SERIES 7000
Hard faced seats enhance the globe valve's ability to hold up in abrasive and high velocity environments. A wide variety of body and trim materials permit its ...
[44]
Single Seat vs Cage Guided Globe Control Valve - Weldon Valves
Mar 11, 2025 · This design serves multiple purposes: it retains the seat ring, guides the valve plug, and allows for the customization of flow characteristics.
[45]
Cage-Guided Globe Valve: Enhancing Flow Control and Industrial ...
Oct 3, 2025 · Cage-guided globe valves represent a critical advancement in industrial flow control, offering enhanced stability, improved flow regulation, and ...
[46]
[PDF] Globe/Angle Cage-guided control valves | Kent Introl
– Stable flow control with high rangeability. – Modular construction design available with a range of different end connections and styles. – Large variation of ...
[47]
Complete Guide to Valve Leakage Classes (Class I–VI)
Class I – No Leakage Test Required · Class II – Low Leakage · Class III – Moderate Leakage · Class IV – Tight Shut-off for Process Control · Class V – Very Low ...
[48]
Leakage of Valves - Testing API 598, ANSI FCI 70-2, MSS ... - Wermac
A 6" globe valve is allowed to leak 60 cc/hr in a test) ... Control Valve Seat Leakage, establishes a series of six seat leakage classes for control valves and ...
[49]
non rising stem globe valve - KXC group valve
Non Rising Stem Globe Valve The product has reasonable structure, reliable sealing, excellent performance and beautiful appearance.Missing: packing gland lantern rings actuation manual automated yoke backseat ISO 5208
[50]
[PDF] Valves & Flow Control Catalogue | Ekoval
Rising Stem and Non-Rising Stem Options. Available. Manual (Handwheel and Bavel Gear). Pneumatic (Single and double-acting). Yoke or pedestal mounted actuators.
[51]
API Stainless Steel Globe Valves
Stainless Steel Valve suitable for horizontal installation. 2. Stainless Steel Universal trim: 13Cr stem, 13Cr faced disc, and CoCr alloy faced seats-- API ...Missing: resistance | Show results with:resistance
[52]
Stem Material - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics
Common stem materials include hard alloys like martensitic 13%Cr, 22Cr duplex, 25Cr duplex, and Inconel 718, with considerations for corrosion resistance in ...
[53]
[PDF] Manual: Forged Steel Gate, Globe and Check Valves IOM, Hancock ...
Always tighten the packing gland nuts before pressurizing a valve. b) Do not attempt to remove the packing gland nuts while the valve is under pressure.<|separator|>
[54]
Valve Packing | Basic Principles of Control Valves and Actuators
Valve packing is a sealant, usually string with polymer or graphite, that prevents fluid leaks from entering the valve stem and body.
[55]
Valve Stem Packing: Selection Guide
The packing rings are often made from materials such as PTFE (Teflon), graphite, or flexible graphite, chosen for their sealing capabilities, temperature ...
[56]
[PDF] cast steel valve - CATALOG
WALWORTH API 600 valves can be provided with a stem packing/lantern ring combination of packing above and below the lantern ring to provide the ability to ...Missing: automated 5208
[57]
3/8 inch Flexible PTFE Lantern Ring | SEPCO LR-1/4X3/8
In stock 4-day deliveryThis 3/8 inch flexible PTFE lantern ring is a perforated ring for pump stuffing boxes, extending packing life, and is sold in 48 inch rolls. It is suitable for ...Missing: globe valve graphite
[58]
A Guide to Valve Actuators - RED-WHITE VALVE CORP.
Sep 7, 2021 · The types of manual valve actuators available include: Basic levers: Basic lever actuators consist of a long handle that attaches to the valve ...
[59]
Types of Valve Actuators - Assured Automation
A general overview of the different types of valve actuators. Manual, pneumatic, electric, and hydraulic are discussed.
[60]
Types of Valve Actuators : A Complete Guide in 2025
May 10, 2025 · Types of valve actuators are 1. Manuel 2. Pneumatic 3. Hydraulic 4. Electric 5.Electro-Hydraulic. Find out more in the blog!
[61]
Globe Valves
Its design allows valve repacking without valve's bleeding or draining. Hardfacing can be provided on stem seating surface. STEM. The stem is part of the ...
[62]
Valve Backseat - QRC Valves
When a gate valve or globe valve is closed, there is no or little pressure in the body cavity. Thus, the pressure on the stem packing is small. But if the valve ...Missing: renewal | Show results with:renewal
[63]
A Complete Guide to Globe Valve Problems and Troubleshooting
Aug 5, 2022 · The backseat tests allow for the replacement of the valve packing while in service. For this test, open the valve disc and position the stem ...Missing: feature renewal
[64]
ISO 5208:2015 - Industrial valves — Pressure testing of metallic valves
In stock 2–5 day deliveryISO 5208:2015 specifies examinations and tests that a valve manufacturer needs to act upon in order to establish the integrity of the pressure boundary of an ...
[65]
ISO 5208 Leakage Rate Requirements for valves - PED-Online
ISO 5208 Leakage Rate is important in pressurised systems. Discover the relationship between technical tightness, leakage rate, and seat tightness.
[66]
DIN Globe Valve, EN 13709, DIN 3356, 1/2-24 IN, 150-2500 LB | JSC
Rating 5.0 (1) Our valves come in sizes ranging from 1/2 to 24 inches (DN15 to DN600) with pressure ratings of Class 150 LB to 2500 LB and PN20 to PN420.
[67]
B16.34 - Valves--Flanged, Threaded, and Welding End - ASME
In stock 21-day returnsASME B16.34 Valves Flanged, Threaded and Welding End applies to new construction. It covers pressure-temperature ratings, dimensions, tolerances, materials.Missing: globe Z- body T-
[68]
[PDF] L&T Valves Gate Globe and Check Valves API 600
he standard range of flanged al es in sizes of up to 24” 600mm is finished with end-flanges fa ed, drilled and spot-faced (or backfaced) to ASME B16.5 Raised.
[69]
API 600 vs API 602 - QRC Valves
API 600 covers larger bolted bonnet gate valves vs API 602, which applies to compact forged steel valves. We'll also discuss selection factors and compliance ...Missing: than | Show results with:than
[70]
900LB Cast Steel Globe Valve,4 Inch,13cr Trim,Flange End
900LB Cast Steel Globe Valve,4 Inch,13cr Trim,Flange End. Design: 1873. Material: WCB. Nominal size: 4 Inch. Nominal pressure: Class900 LB. End Connection: RF.
[71]
[PDF] Valve Material Grades Temperature Pressure Tables Body Steel
**ASTM A193 Gr B8/B8M bolting can rate from -198ºC to 800ºC, however many manufacturers of bolts and/or valves specify the narrower rating range shown. ***For ...
[72]
Angle Valves | Emerson US
What is an Angle Valve? A globe valve design in which the inlet and outlet ports are perpendicular to each other. It uses a linear motion to move a closure ...
[73]
Linear Globe/Angle Control Valves - SmallFlow - Flowserve
The have high rangeability and reproduceable trim characteristics. Standard designs as well as special applications or materials available.
[74]
Three-Way Valves | Emerson SG
What is a Three-Way Valve? A type of globe valve that has three pipeline connections to provide general converging (flow-mixing) or diverging (flowsplitting) ...
[75]
Linear Globe/Angle Control Valves - Mark One™ Three-Way
A three-way version of the widely used Valtek Mark One valve, the Valtek® Mark One™ Three-Way valve is used for combining or diverting service.
[76]
Bolted Bonnet Forged Bellows Seal Globe Valve - Velan
Two secondary stem seals: a) Backseat in open position; b) Graphite packing. Low torque due to: a) Non-rotating stem prevents torsion of bellows; b) Stem nut ...
[77]
API 602 Bellows Seal Globe Valve - Velan
Features & Benefits. Long cycle life bellows (10,000 cycles): Designed and qualification tested for high pressure/temperature applications.
[78]
Linear Globe/Angle Control Valves - ColdFlow - Flowserve
By using an extended bonnet, the packing, gaskets and seals of ColdFlow valves are protected from cryogenic temperatures, thus ensuring their sealing properties ...
[79]
[PDF] Fisher™ easy-e™ Cryogenic Sliding-Stem Control Valves
Fisher easy-e cryogenic valves are globe-style, single-port, valves featuring stainless steel construction materials and extension bonnets. Fisher.
[80]
[PDF] Raisteam Pressure Seal Forged steel Globe Valves, Sempell ...
the sempell Raisteam high pressure forged globe valves are successfully installed in many services, especially in those with high temperature and high pressure ...Missing: steam | Show results with:steam
[81]
Linear Globe/Angle Control Valves - Mark One - Flowserve
The Valtek Mark One globe control valve offers superior performance in liquid and gaseous services, while also permitting easy, fast and inexpensive ...Missing: temperature | Show results with:temperature
[82]
7 Globe Valve Design Standards You Need to Know
Dec 19, 2024 · API 6D is a standard for pipeline valves, including globe valves, ensuring reliable operation in oil and gas pipelines. It covers design, ...
[83]
[PDF] API 6D: Specification for Pipeline Valves
This International Standard specifies requirements and provides recommendations for the design, manufacturing, testing and documentation of ball, check, gate ...
[84]
Globe Valve for Steam Application: A Complete Guide
Feb 13, 2023 · Bolted bonnet globe valves are suitable for high temperatures and high pressure requirements. Pressure-Seal Bonnet. A pressure-seal bonnet is ...
[85]
Globe Valves | Emerson US
Available in T, Y and angle patterns, these high integrity globe valves are used for high or low pressure and temperature applications requiring leak-tight ...
[86]
Industrial Globe Valves for High Pressure Applications - PANS Valve
Jun 24, 2024 · Industrial globe valves designs can effectively regulate and isolate media at pressures exceeding 1,500 psi when properly specified based on ...
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https://mncvalves.com/8534/how-corrosion-resistant-globe-valves-operate-in-chemical-and-acidic-media/
[88]
How Corrosion Resistant Globe Valves Operate in Chemical and ...
Oct 14, 2025 · globe valves with PTFE linings guarantee the flow of process fluids without contamination, satisfying strict purity and hygienic standards.
[89]
FCT PTFE Lined Globe Control Valve
A full PTFE lining isolates the process fluid from the valve body and internal components, ensuring extended service life and resistance to corrosion, scaling, ...
[90]
Globe & Angle Valves - NIBCO
Globe and angle valves are designed for throttling or regulating flow in commercial and industrial applications. NIBCO valves are constructed of bronze, cast ...Missing: water treatment desalination low
[91]
Top Applications of Globe Valves in Chemical Processing Industries
They are made from strong materials like stainless steel or special alloys. This makes them perfect for controlling harsh fluids safely. Data shows globe valves ...
[92]
How Do You Size a Globe Valve? - Changhao
Apr 27, 2023 · To size a globe valve, determine flow rate, calculate required Cv using flow rate, pressure drop, and specific gravity, then select the valve ...
[93]
Optimizing Cooling Towers with Globe Valves - Steelstrong Valves
Feb 18, 2025 · Modern globe valves are designed with reduced pressure drop and optimised flow paths, minimising energy consumption in pumping systems. This ...
[94]
The Quick And Dirty Guide to Globe Valves
Mar 11, 2015 · Seats are designed in plane parallel or inclined to the line of the flow. There are three basic globe valve body designs: Tee, Angle, and Wye.
[95]
Exploring Globe Valve Applications | Tameson.com
Apr 19, 2024 · Viscous or slurry flow: Globe valves can be configured with specific trim designs to handle viscous fluids or slurries containing suspended ...
[96]
Shutdown / Isolation Valves > Globe Valves - Total Valve Systems
Globe valves, also known as throttling valves, regulate flow and can be used for on/off applications. They use a disc or plug to shut off flow.
[97]
Check Valve vs Globe Valve: Complete Comparative Analysis
Tight shutoff achievable (ISO 5208 Class VI), Globe valves offer better isolation, critical for maintenance and hazardous fluids. Response to Flow Surges ...
[98]
[PDF] Gate Globe Check Valves - Equalising Bypasses Drains & Bleeds
The isolation valve in the equalising pipe is kept open during normal operating conditions. The isolation valve is closed when required for hydrostatic.
[99]
[PDF] Yarway: ARC Pump Protection Valves (Automatic Recirculation)
Suitable for all fluids. • Dampening of pulsations. • Multistage pressure letdown. • Cavitation prevention. • Eliminate external power sources or signals.
[100]
Multi-Z - Severe Service Multi Stage Valves - Flexachem
The Multi-Z boiler feed-pump recirculation control valve is designed to handle high-pressure drop applications where entrained solids and cavitation pose ...
[101]
[PDF] Automatic recirculation valve
An automatic recirculation valve (ARC valve) is a multi- functional valve whose primary purpose is to ensure that a pre-determined minimum flow is assured.
[102]
Sanitary Valves | Schubert & Salzer Inc.
Sanitary valves are ultra-clean, aseptic, meet FDA/USP Class VI, EHEDG and 3A standards, made from pore-free stainless steel, and are designed for high ...
[103]
Globe Valves - GEMU Group
GEMÜ globe valves are for fast cycle duties, control, and handling of liquids, gases, or vapors. They are used for steam, water, and in industrial, sterile, ...
[104]
Your Reliable Sanitary Valves Manufacturer & Supplier | SIMPLE ...
Mar 4, 2021 · Our products are precision made of type 304 and 316L stainless steel, they are designed for corrosion resistant, highly sanitary conditions in ...Sanitary Globe Valves · Sanitary Check Valves · Sanitary Sampling Valves · Blogs
[105]
Frequently Asked Questions About Globe Valves | THINKTANK
Aug 16, 2021 · An SDNR globe valve combines the functions of a globe valve and a check valve. It can be screwed down to stop flow like a globe valve and also ...
[106]
Advantages and disadvantages of globe valve
Apr 10, 2023 · #5 Limited suitability for high flow rates: Globe valves can be prone to cavitation and erosion in high-flow applications, which can limit their ...
[107]
Control Valve Flow Characteristics - Valin Corporation
Jan 5, 2015 · Globe valves are available with either linear or equal percentage inherent characteristics, giving them versatility not generally available with ...
[108]
Globe Valve Flow Direction - QRC Valves
For a globe valve, the shape of the disc or plug head determines the inherent flow characteristics. Types include linear, equal percentage, and quick opening.
[109]
API 598 Standards: Valve Inspection and Testing
Globe valves, known for their precise flow control, are subject to similar testing procedures as gate valves. The standard ensures that these valves perform ...
[110]
Valve Maintenance and Life Expectancy Tips - FS Welsford Co.
Aug 2, 2025 · Some valves can remain fully functional for more than a decade if simple procedures are followed throughout the valve's life.Missing: globe | Show results with:globe
[111]
How to Extend the Service Life of Your Globe Valve with Proper ...
Most valves last three to ten years, sometimes even longer. Checking and cleaning your valve often stops leaks and rust. These steps keep fluids flowing ...
[112]
Valves - Typical Operating Temperatures - The Engineering ToolBox
Operating temperatures for typical categories of valves - ball valves, butterfly valves and more. ; Globe, -272, -455, 540, 1000.
[113]
https://www.burkert-usa.com/en/company-career/what-s-new/press/media/hints-tips-from-buerkert/Eliminating-water-hammer
[114]
Eliminating & dealing with water hammer - Burkert USA
The most effective and achievable solution to water hammer is to vary valve open/close speed, to lessen or eliminate pressure effect. Slowing valve closure ...
[115]
Water Hammer's Impact on Valve Operation and Piping System ...
Nov 8, 2023 · While it may seem that closing the valve extremely slowly could entirely eliminate water hammer, this isn't a practical solution in all cases or ...Missing: globe | Show results with:globe
[116]
[PDF] Introduction to Control Valves
Jun 3, 2020 · Flow @ 60% = 2040 gpm. •. Flow @ 70% = 3470 gpm. •. ∆ Flow = 1430 gpm (70%). •. Low Flow for smaller valve openings and Higher Flow for bigger ...<|control11|><|separator|>
[117]
[PDF] Cv Value of Cast Gate Valve
Cv Value of Cast Gate Valve. Class. Size. 150#. 300#. 600#. 900#. 1500#. 2500 ... Cv Value of Cast Globe Valve. Class. Size. 150#. 300#. 600#. 900#. 1500#. 2500#.
[118]
Control Valve Noise Reduction | Emerson US
The noise can be generated in three basic ways: by the mechanical vibration of valve components, by turbulent gas flow (aerodynamic noise), or by cavitating ...
[119]
[PDF] FASANI BOLTED BONNET GLOBE VALVES INSTALLATION AND ...
Installation instructions Globe valves are normally installed in horizontal pipe with vertical stem. These valves can also be installed in vertical or ...
[120]
[PDF] Manuals: Cast Steel Gate, Globe and Check Valves IOM, Hancock ...
The valves should be installed in positions where the minimum stress is imposed on them from expansion and contraction of the pipe, and pipework should be ...
[121]
[PDF] Guide: Globe Valves, Fasani (VCOSI-01617-EN) - Emerson
Install the valve so that the arrow applied on the valve body corresponds to the flow direction of the line (consult the general drawing). 2. Unless differently ...
[122]
[PDF] MSS SP-61-2009 - Sangong Flow Control
This Standard Practice establishes requirements and acceptance criteria for shell and seat closure pressure testing of valves. 2. DEFINITIONS. 2.1 Production ...Missing: PCC- AWS D10.
[123]
https://www.weldonvalves.com/news/the-ultimate-guide-to-installing-and-repairing-globe-valves.html
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The Ultimate Guide to Installing and Repairing Globe Valves | Weldon
Oct 10, 2024 · External leakage is one of the most common issues encountered with globe valves. This problem can arise from several factors, including improper ...Piping Stresses · Internal Leakage · Inspecting Internals And...<|control11|><|separator|>
[125]
Comprehensive Guide to Globe Valve Maintenance | MFRs China
Apr 8, 2025 · Packing: Check for leaks around the stem. If the packing is loose or deteriorated, it may need adjustment or replacement. Disc and Seat ...Missing: test | Show results with:test
[126]
https://www.kemet-international.com/us/products/valve-grinding/guide-for-maintaining-and-repairing-industrial-valves
[127]
Guide for Maintaining and Repairing Industrial Valves - Kemet USA
Globe Valve Repair and Maintenance. A globe valve is a type of valve used to regulate fluid flow in pipelines. ... Use a soft cloth or brush and mild detergent ...Gate Valve Repair And... · Globe Valve Repair And... · Safety Valve Repair And...
[128]
Globe Valve Installation and Repair Guide - Tameson.com
Oct 21, 2023 · This article will discuss the key steps involved in globe valve installation, repairs, and the importance of regular maintenance.
[129]
[PDF] TABLE OF CONTENTS
Remove bonnet bolting and carefully lift bonnet assembly with disc from body. 2. Procedure for Lapping Disc and Body Seat Ring. Apply a small amount of valve ...
[130]
Standards - API.org
Discover how API standards support safety, innovation, and global recognition in oil and gas. Explore standards and get involved in their development today.Purchase · Requests for Interpretation · Standards News Highlights · Standards Plan
[131]
ISO 15761:2020 - Steel gate, globe and check valves for sizes DN ...
2–5 day deliveryThis document specifies the requirements for a series of compact steel gate, globe and check valves for petroleum and natural gas industry applications.
[132]
ANSI-NACE MR0175 - Petroleum and Natural Gas Industries
Dec 22, 2021 · This document describes general principles and gives requirements and recommendations for the selection and qualification of metallic materials for service
[133]
Predictive Maintenance Explained - Reliable Plant
By proactively monitoring the equipment, a trained technician can compare the readings against known failure modes to determine where problems are occurring.Settings · Acoustic Monitoring · Vibration Analysis
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Infrared Thermography - NECI
Vibration Monitoring ... Heat can be an indicator of poor equipment performance, and infrared imaging is a key component of any predictive maintenance program.
[135]
Life cycle assessment in the steel industry - worldsteel.org
The worldsteel LCA methodology provides a common basis of measurement of environmental and efficiency performance of steel products around the world.
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Analysis of Regulating Valve Stem Fracture in a Petrochemical Plant
It is well-known that the main failure modes of control valves include blockage, leakage, and vibration [18]. Many studies on control valve failures [5,19,20] ...