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Hy

Hy may refer to: == Science and technology ==

[[Hy (programming language)]], a dialect of Lisp embedded in Python
H-Y antigen, a minor histocompatibility antigen
Hy's law, a guideline in drug-induced liver injury assessment
HY (satellites), a series of Chinese meteorological satellites

== Other uses ==

HY (band), a South Korean boy band
Hy (island), an island in the Philippines
Hy (name), a given name or surname
hy (company), a technology company (hypothetical or specific context)

== Linguistics and communications ==

Armenian language code (ISO 639-1: hy)
Texting slang for "hey" or similar abbreviations

Science and technology

Hy (programming language)

Hy is a dialect of the Lisp programming language designed for seamless interoperability with Python. It functions by translating Lisp s-expressions into Python's abstract syntax tree (AST), enabling Hy code to compile directly into Python bytecode and execute within the Python runtime. This approach allows developers to combine Lisp's homoiconic syntax—treating code as data—with Python's vast ecosystem of libraries, tools, and frameworks, without requiring bridges or wrappers. As part of the Lisp family, Hy emphasizes metaprogramming while inheriting Python's practicality for general-purpose programming.^[1]^[2] Hy was developed starting in 2013 by Paul Tagliamonte and the HyCore team, with its first release occurring in the same year during the Python Conference (PyCon). The language emerged from Tagliamonte's work on swarm behavior simulations, aiming to embed Lisp's expressive power into Python to facilitate advanced code generation and customization. Over the subsequent years, the project evolved through community contributions, focusing on robust integration and real-world applicability.^[2]^[3] Key features of Hy include its macro system, which supports compile-time code transformation for creating domain-specific languages or simplifying repetitive patterns, such as defining custom control structures like a do-while loop. It inherits Python's dynamic typing, ensuring flexible variable handling and runtime evaluation, while allowing direct invocation of Python libraries in Lisp syntax—for instance, using s-expressions to call functions from packages like NumPy for numerical computations or CherryPy for web serving. This interoperability extends to mixing Hy and Python code in the same module, promoting gradual adoption in existing projects.^[4]^[5] Hy finds use cases in embedding Lisp-style paradigms within Python ecosystems, particularly for tasks requiring metaprogramming, such as generating optimized data processing pipelines in data science or building extensible web applications. Examples include scripting complex simulations with functional constructs or extending Python frameworks with macro-driven configurations. As of November 2025, Hy sustains an active community through GitHub contributions and discussions, with the current stable version 1.1.0 released on May 8, 2025, following the milestone version 1.0 release in September 2024 that featured improved performance optimizations, API stabilizations, and enhanced compatibility with Python 3.x versions after nearly 12 years of development.^[6]^[3]^[7]

H-Y antigen

The H-Y antigen, also known as the histocompatibility Y antigen, is a set of minor histocompatibility antigens encoded by genes on the Y chromosome and expressed on the surface of cells in genetic males, leading to immune recognition by females as foreign. These antigens arise from Y-linked proteins such as SMCY and DBY, which have X-chromosome homologs but differ in key peptide sequences presented by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and II molecules, eliciting T-cell and antibody responses.^[8]^[9]^[10] Discovered in the 1950s through mouse skin transplantation studies, the H-Y antigen was first identified when female mice rejected grafts from syngeneic males, a phenomenon termed the "H-Y factor" by Eichwald and colleagues, with further confirmation in the 1970s via cytotoxic T-lymphocyte assays demonstrating its role in graft-versus-host disease models.^[8] In humans, Goulmy et al. in 1977 described HLA-restricted cytotoxic responses to H-Y, establishing its relevance beyond rodents.^[8] By the 1990s, molecular identification revealed multiple H-Y epitopes, including those derived from SMCY (e.g., an 11-residue peptide presented by HLA-B7) and DBY (e.g., restricted by HLA-DQ5), which are recognized by CD8+ and CD4+ T cells, respectively.^[9]^[10] Initially proposed in the 1970s as the testis-determining factor due to its male-specific expression and association with gonadal development, the H-Y antigen was later distinguished from the SRY gene, the true initiator of male sex determination on the Y chromosome's short arm.^[11] Current understanding positions H-Y as influencing post-SRY gonadal differentiation, potentially through ubiquitously expressed Y-linked proteins like UTY and SMCY that support spermatogenesis and cellular functions, though its direct role in testis formation remains indirect and non-essential.^[11]^[8] In transplant immunology, H-Y antigens drive male-specific rejection, with female-to-male hematopoietic stem cell transplants showing 1.5- to 4-fold higher chronic graft-versus-host disease risk due to donor T-cell responses against recipient H-Y epitopes, while male-to-female kidney transplants exhibit elevated acute rejection rates, often with H-Y antibody development in over 50% of cases.^[8] Clinically, these antigens contribute to male-biased autoimmune conditions, such as secondary recurrent miscarriage, where anti-H-Y antibodies are detected in 46% of affected women versus 19% of controls, suggesting a role in immune-mediated pregnancy loss.^[8] Specific epitopes like SMCY and DBY are immunodominant targets in these responses, informing strategies for sex-mismatched donor selection.^[9]^[10]

Hy's law

Hy's law is a clinical guideline named after hepatologist Hyman J. Zimmerman for predicting severe drug-induced liver injury (DILI), stating that hepatocellular injury accompanied by elevated serum bilirubin (excluding cases due to biliary obstruction or Gilbert's syndrome) signals a high risk of fatal outcome with mortality rates of 10% or higher.^[12] The rule applies specifically to idiosyncratic reactions where the liver damage impairs bilirubin excretion, leading to jaundice as a marker of seriousness.^[12] The diagnostic thresholds for Hy's law require alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels greater than three times the upper limit of normal (ULN), total bilirubin greater than two times the ULN, and at least 50% of the bilirubin elevation attributable to the drug rather than other causes.^[12]^[13] Alkaline phosphatase should remain below substantially elevated levels to confirm a hepatocellular pattern without significant cholestasis.^[12] Developed in the 1990s based on case studies of idiosyncratic liver reactions, Hy's law formalized Zimmerman's seminal observation from his 1978 textbook on hepatotoxicity, where he noted the poor prognosis of jaundiced hepatocellular DILI cases.^[12] The term was coined in the 1980s by FDA official Robert Temple to highlight its predictive value in drug safety assessments.^[12] In practice, Hy's law is employed by regulatory agencies such as the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Medicines Agency (EMA) for monitoring liver safety in clinical trials and post-marketing surveillance.^[12]^[13] A single confirmed Hy's law case during development raises concerns, while two or more often prompts halting trials or market withdrawal, as exemplified by the 2000 FDA withdrawal of troglitazone (Rezulin) after reports of fatal liver failures meeting these criteria.^[12]^[14] As of 2025, Hy's law criteria have been integrated into AI-based predictive models for hepatotoxicity screening in clinical trials, enhancing early detection through machine learning analyses of liver enzyme patterns and molecular data.^[15]

HY (satellites)

The HY series, standing for Haiyang (Ocean) in Chinese, represents a family of marine remote sensing satellites developed and operated by the People's Republic of China, with the inaugural launch of HY-1A on May 15, 2002, marking China's first dedicated ocean color satellite.^[16]^[17] These satellites are managed by the National Satellite Ocean Application Service (NSOAS) under the China National Space Administration (CNSA), focusing on monitoring ocean resources, environmental conditions, and dynamic processes to support maritime resource management and disaster response.^[16] By November 2025, the series includes over a dozen operational and retired satellites across sub-series such as HY-1, HY-2, HY-3, and HY-4, with launches continuing to expand coverage.^[18]^[19] The primary capabilities of the HY satellites center on multispectral and microwave remote sensing for parameters like sea surface temperature, chlorophyll concentration, ocean color, and pollution levels. For instance, the HY-1 series employs instruments such as the Chinese Ocean Color and Temperature Scanner (COCTS) and Coastal Zone Imager (CZI) to capture visible and infrared imagery, enabling detection of algal blooms and coastal ecosystem health.^[16]^[20] Complementing this, the HY-2 series, starting with HY-2A in 2011, integrates altimeters, scatterometers, and microwave radiometers to measure sea surface height, wind fields, and wave heights, aiding in weather forecasting, fisheries management, and marine safety.^[21]^[22] Later iterations like HY-3 and HY-4 incorporate synthetic aperture radar (SAR) for all-weather imaging of sea ice and oil spills, enhancing year-round observation capabilities.^[18]^[19] Technically, most HY satellites operate in sun-synchronous low Earth orbits at approximately 800 km altitude, providing revisit times of 1-3 days for global coverage. Optical sensors achieve resolutions up to 1 km, while microwave instruments offer finer details for dynamic features like currents and swells.^[16]^[20] These specifications support applications in monitoring China's extensive coastal waters and contributing to international efforts, such as data sharing under the United Nations Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development (2021-2030).^[23]^[24] The series has enabled key achievements, including real-time alerts for marine disasters and integration into global oceanographic models, with data products distributed via NSOAS platforms to over 100 countries.^[23]^[22]

Other uses

HY (band)

HY is a Japanese rock band formed in 2000 by five high school friends in Okinawa Prefecture. The group blends elements of rock, reggae, pop, rap, and traditional Okinawan music, often incorporating the sanshin instrument and drawing inspiration from the island's natural environment and culture. Their name derives from the initials of their hometown, Higashi Yakena in Uruma City. The band gained prominence in the indie scene through energetic street performances in Chatan, Okinawa, before achieving national success.^[25] The band's debut album, Departure (2001), achieved local popularity, but their breakthrough came with Street Story (2003), which topped the Oricon charts for four weeks—a record for an indie artist at the time. Their follow-up, Trunk (2004), also debuted at number one and featured the hit single "Song for…," which resonated with themes of love and personal struggle. Subsequent releases like Confidence (2006) and major-label debut HeartY (2008) continued this chart dominance, marking HY as one of Japan's most successful indie rock acts of the 2000s. The current lineup includes Hideyuki Shinzato (vocals, guitar, leader), Shun Naka (drums, rap, chorus), Shinsuke Kyoda (bass), Izumi Nakasone (keyboards, vocals), and Yuhei Miyazato (guitar, vocals).^[26]^[25]^[27] HY has released over ten studio and compilation albums by 2025, including Whistle (2010), Glocal (2012), HANAEMI (2021), HONEY meets ISLAND CAFE presents HY Ocean Blue Sound ‐The Surf Remixes‐ (2021), Kafuu (2022), LOVE STORY ~~HY BEST~~ (2024), and TIME (2025), alongside best-of collections like HY SUPER BEST (2014). Their lyrics often explore themes of youth, love, personal growth, and Okinawan identity, reflecting the members' roots and evolving softer melodic style with reduced emphasis on rap. Renowned for high-energy live performances, the band has built a dedicated fanbase through sold-out tours in Japan.^[26]^[28]^[25] HY's cultural impact extends beyond Japan, popularizing Okinawan-influenced sounds globally through international tours, including the Japan Nite US Tour in 2007 (seven dates across the US and Canada) and performances in Asia, such as Shanghai in 2024. As enduring indie pioneers, they have influenced the fusion of regional traditions with modern rock, maintaining relevance with prolific output and themes tied to environmental and youthful vitality.^[25]^[29]^[30]

Hy (island)

Hy, also spelled Í or I in Old Irish, signifies "island" and served as an early designation for Iona, a small island in the Inner Hebrides off the western coast of Scotland. This nomenclature reflects the linguistic conventions of the Gaelic-speaking peoples who inhabited the region, with the term appearing in early records predating widespread Christian influence. The island's strategic location in the Atlantic made it a focal point for maritime and cultural exchanges long before the arrival of Christianity.^[31] In 563 AD, the Irish monk St. Columba (Colum Cille) arrived on Iona with twelve companions and established a monastic community, transforming the island into a pivotal center of Celtic Christianity. The monastery, constructed from local materials, became a hub for learning, manuscript production, and missionary activity, embodying the distinctive Celtic monastic tradition that emphasized asceticism, scholarship, and evangelization. Under Columba's leadership until his death in 597 AD, Iona's community preserved Irish Christian practices while adapting to the Scottish and Pictish contexts.^[32] The name evolved over time, with Latin forms like Ioua appearing in seventh-century texts by Adamnán, the ninth abbot of Iona, in his Vita Columbae, where the island is referred to as the "Iouan island (Hy)." By the eighth century, the form "Iona" emerged, possibly from a scribal error in interpreting Ioua, and it gradually supplanted earlier variants like Hy in common usage; traditional accounts also associate the island with the Gaelic phrase Innis nan Druineach, interpreted as "island of the Druids," suggesting a pre-Christian sacred significance tied to Druidic practices. This linguistic persistence underscores Iona's enduring role in Celtic lore. Adamnán's work, completed around 697 AD, not only documented Columba's miracles and teachings but also cemented Hy's place in hagiographic literature.^[33]^[34] Iona's monastery played a crucial role in the Christianization of Scotland and the Pictish kingdoms, dispatching missionaries who converted King Óengus of the Picts in 565 AD and influenced royal courts across northern Britain. The community's scriptorium produced illuminated manuscripts, such as precursors to the Book of Kells, and its abbots held authority over daughter houses in Ireland and Scotland until the ninth century. As a beacon of faith amid Viking raids that devastated the site in 795 AD and later, Iona symbolized resilience in the face of pagan incursions. Today, the abbey ruins are managed as a scheduled ancient monument by Historic Environment Scotland, preserving its legacy as Scotland's "cradle of Christianity."^[35]^[32] Archaeological investigations have uncovered layers of pre-Christian occupation beneath the monastic structures, including Mesolithic tools dating back over 8,000 years and a Bronze Age midden from around 1000 BC, indicating Iona's use as a ritual or settlement site in pagan times. Ongoing excavations by groups like the Glasgow Iona Research Group continue to reveal these foundational pagan elements, providing context for the Christian overlay established by Columba. These findings highlight the island's multifaceted history, blending prehistoric spirituality with early medieval faith.^[36]^[37]

Hy (name)

Hy is primarily used as a masculine given name or nickname in English-speaking contexts, often serving as a diminutive for longer names such as Hyman, a Jewish Anglicization of the Hebrew Chaim meaning "life."^[38] It has also been recorded as a short form of Hiram, derived from the Hebrew for "exalted brother," particularly in 20th-century American usage among Jewish and Anglo communities.^[39] The name gained modest popularity in the United States during the early to mid-20th century, reflecting broader trends in abbreviated personal names, though it has since become rare.^[38] As a nickname, Hy frequently shortens names beginning with "Hy-" or similar sounds, including the Korean given name Hyun (meaning "virtuous" or "clever") and compound names like Hyun-woo, as well as Western names such as Henry.^[40] In Korean-American or multicultural settings, it appears as an informal variant of Hyun, aligning with romanization practices for East Asian names. A prominent example is Hy Gardner (1908–1989), an American entertainment reporter and syndicated columnist for the New York Herald Tribune, known for his celebrity interviews and Broadway coverage.^[41] Less commonly, Hy functions as a surname with diverse origins, including an English variant of High (from Old English hēah, meaning "tall" or "noble") and a romanization of the Korean surname Hyun, which ranks among common East Asian family names.^[42] It is also documented in Vietnamese contexts, where it is borne by over 3,500 individuals, often linked to regional phonetic adaptations.^[43] U.S. censuses from the 19th and 20th centuries record Hy sporadically as a surname among immigrant populations, though it remains uncommon overall.^[44] Notable bearers of the name include Hy Averback (1920–1997), an American director and producer recognized for episodes of MAS*H and The Real McCoys, and Hy Eisman (1927–2025), a comic artist who illustrated strips like Popeye and The Katzenjammer Kids for nearly three decades.^[45] These figures highlight Hy's association with mid-20th-century American media and entertainment professions. In onomastics, the name exemplifies how short forms evolve across cultural boundaries. In contemporary trends as of 2025, Hy has seen niche resurgence as a stage name prefix influenced by K-pop, where artists like those in groups such as ENHYPEN incorporate "Hy-" elements (e.g., Hyunjin), contributing to global naming inspirations among fans.^[46]

hy (company)

hy Co., Ltd. (Korean: 주식회사 에치와이) is a major South Korean food and beverage manufacturer headquartered in Seocho-gu, Seoul. Established in 1969 as Korea Yakult through a joint venture with Japan's Yakult Honsha, the company initially focused on introducing fermented dairy products to the Korean market, pioneering the use of probiotics in the country.^[47] It rebranded to hy in March 2021 to broaden its portfolio beyond dairy into a wider range of health-oriented foods and beverages, aiming for global expansion as a comprehensive health food provider.^[48] As one of South Korea's leading food companies, hy maintains a strong domestic presence while increasingly targeting international markets.^[49] The company's core products include fermented milk drinks like its flagship Yakult probiotic beverage, as well as traditional Korean drinks such as sikhye (sweet rice punch) and sujeonggwa (persimmon punch), alongside dairy items and health supplements.^[50] hy has diversified into functional foods, leveraging its extensive library of over 5,000 probiotic strains, many of which are proprietary and certified by bodies like the FDA and KFDA.^[51] By 2025, hy exports its products to over 20 countries, with a focus on Southeast Asia and North America, driven by demand for K-probiotics and health beverages.^[52] Key milestones include serving as the official probiotic supplier for the 1986 Asian Games and 1988 Seoul Olympics, and establishing Korea's first corporate research institute in 1976 dedicated to biotechnology and probiotics.^[47] In 2021, hy launched its B2B division hyLabs to supply probiotic ingredients globally.^[49] Financially, hy reported annual revenue of 1.68 trillion KRW (approximately $1.2 billion USD) in 2024, marking a 10.8% increase from the prior year and underscoring its position among South Korea's top food firms despite operating losses amid inflation and portfolio shifts.^[53] The company employs over 1,000 people and operates multiple production facilities, including its central research center focused on natural ingredients and sustainable innovations.^[54] In response to global trends toward sustainable and alternative nutrition, hy has expanded into plant-based offerings since 2020, including the 2021 launch of its Protein Code brand featuring vegan protein drinks made from soy and brown rice.^[55] This initiative aligns with broader efforts to incorporate organic and vegan options, supporting environmental goals while addressing consumer demand for gut-healthy, non-dairy alternatives.^[56]

Linguistics and communications

Armenian language code

"hy" is the ISO 639-1 alpha-2 code assigned to the Armenian language in the 2002 edition of the standard.^[57] The code derives from "Hayeren," the native endonym for the Armenian language.^[58] Armenian (hy) belongs to the Indo-European language family and is spoken by approximately 6 million people worldwide, including both native and second-language speakers.^[58] It employs a unique alphabet, known as the Mesropian script, invented by the scholar Mesrop Mashtots in 405 AD to facilitate the translation of religious texts and promote literacy. The language features two principal modern dialects: Eastern Armenian, which was standardized during the Soviet era and bears influences from Russian vocabulary and orthographic reforms, and Western Armenian, which is predominantly used by diaspora communities in countries such as Lebanon, France, and the United States.^[59] Eastern Armenian serves as the official language of Armenia, as enshrined in Article 20 of the country's constitution.^[60] It was also the official language of the Republic of Artsakh (Nagorno-Karabakh) until its dissolution on January 1, 2024.^[61] In the digital realm, Armenian has benefited from Unicode support since version 3.0, released in September 1999, which introduced the Armenian block (U+0530–U+058F) to enable consistent encoding across computing systems. As of 2025, advancements in AI-driven translation tools, including those from Google and Microsoft, have significantly enhanced the language's global accessibility by providing real-time translation and speech recognition capabilities for both Eastern and Western variants.^[62] Culturally, Armenian has been a vital medium for literary expression since antiquity, serving as the language of seminal works such as the History of Armenia by Movses Khorenatsi, a 5th-century historian often regarded as the father of Armenian historiography for his comprehensive chronicle of the nation's origins and early rulers.^[63]

Texting slang

In digital communication, particularly within SMS and social media platforms, "HY" serves as an acronym primarily meaning "Hell Yeah" or the milder "Heck Yeah," used to convey enthusiastic agreement, excitement, or affirmation. This expression emerged as part of the broader trend of abbreviated slang in informal texting, allowing users to quickly signal strong positive responses without full phrases. For instance, in a conversation about plans, a reply like "Want to grab coffee? HY!" indicates eager consent. According to a linguistic analysis of American texting habits, "HY" for "Hell yeah" ranks among the most searched acronyms, with approximately 15,000 queries reflecting its widespread adoption in casual online interactions.^[64] An alternative interpretation of "HY" is a casual greeting, such as "Hi you" or "Hey y'all," functioning to initiate or maintain informal dialogue. This usage gained traction in the 2020s amid urban slang influences, particularly in quick messaging exchanges where brevity is prioritized. Examples include starting a text with "HY, what's up?" to prompt a response from a friend. It appears frequently in youth-oriented digital spaces, blending into everyday vernacular for friendly outreach.^[65] The evolution of "HY" traces back to the simplification of language in early digital texting, with its enthusiastic affirmation sense documented in online slang resources by the late 2000s and proliferating through social media in the 2010s. By the mid-2020s, it had become embedded in Gen Z and Gen Alpha communities, often paired with emojis for emphasis, such as "HY 🔥" to amplify excitement in posts or comments. Regional nuances persist, with the "Hell Yeah" variant more prevalent in U.S.-based texting for its bold tone, while the greeting form sees broader use in UK informal chats. Despite its popularity in online and mobile contexts, "HY" remains unsuitable for formal writing due to its colloquial and potentially vulgar connotations in the primary sense.^[66]

References

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The Hy programming language
Hy is a Lisp dialect that's embedded in Python. Hy (or "Hylang" for long) is a multi-paradigm general-purpose programming language in the Lisp family.
[2]
Why Hy? — Hy 0.29.0 manual - The Hy programming language
Hy (or "Hylang" for long; named after the insect order Hymenoptera, since Paul Tagliamonte was studying swarm behavior when he created the language) ...Missing: history | Show results with:history
[3]
hylang/hy: A dialect of Lisp that's embedded in Python - GitHub
Hy is a Lisp dialect that's embedded in Python. Since Hy transforms its Lisp code into Python abstract syntax tree (AST) objects, you have the whole beautiful ...
[4]
Releases · hylang/hy
### Release Summary for Hy (hylang/hy)
[5]
Why Hy? — Hy 1.0.0 manual - The Hy programming language
A multi-paradigm general-purpose programming language in the Lisp family. It's implemented as a kind of alternative syntax for Python.
[6]
Hy 1.0.0, the Lisp dialect for Python, has been released #2608
I'm pleased to announce the release of Hy 1.0.0, after nearly 12 years of on-and-off development and lots of real-world use. Hy is a Lisp dialect embedded ...
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https://pypi.org/project/hy/
[8]
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4380433/
[9]
ltrel/hylang-examples: Collection of example programs written in Hy
This is a collection of code examples written in the Hy programming language. The aim of this repository is to help those interested in learning Hy.
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Clinical impact of H-Y alloimmunity - PMC - NIH
In this review, we investigate the history of HY antigen discovery along with their critical contributions in transplantation and pregnancy.
[11]
Human H-Y: a Male-Specific Histocompatibility Antigen ... - Science
One human H-Y antigen presented by HLA-B7 was identified as an 11-residue peptide derived from SMCY, an evolutionarily conserved protein encoded on the Y ...Missing: DBY | Show results with:DBY
[12]
The DBY gene codes for an HLA-DQ5–restricted human male ...
Apr 15, 2002 · Male-specific mHags or H-Y epitopes were shown to be encoded by the ubiquitously expressed Y-chromosome–specific genes SMCY, DFFRY, andUTY.14,15 ...
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https://easl.eu/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/EASL-CPG-Drug-induced-liver-injury-2019-04.pdf
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[PDF] Guidance for Industry Drug-Induced Liver Injury - FDA
Hy's Law is essentially a translation of Zimmerman's observation that pure hepatocellular injury sufficient to cause hyperbilirubinemia is an ominous ...
[15]
[PDF] EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines: Drug-induced liver injury
Hy's law. Hy's law is a sensitive and specific predictor of a drug's potential to cause severe hepatotoxicity.366 If observed, it indicates hepa- tocellular ...
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Hy's law - Reuben - 2004 - Hepatology - Wiley Online Library
Jan 30, 2004 · First published: 30 January 2004. https://doi.org ... publication of his now landmark monograph on hepatotoxicity31 established Hyman J.
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http://www.nsoas.org.cn/eng/item/202.html
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Systematic analysis of hepatotoxicity: combining literature mining ...
Jul 20, 2025 · ... (2025) Systematic analysis of hepatotoxicity: combining literature mining and AI language models. Front. Artif. Intell. 8:1561292. doi ...
[19]
HY-1A (Haiyang-1A) / Ocean-1A - eoPortal
HY-1 is China's first satellite for surveying ocean resources (ocean color and sea surface temperature) and monitoring the environment.
[20]
HY-1A - National Satellite Ocean Application Service
Haiyang-1A(HY-1A) is China's first experimental operational satellite that is used for the monitoring of ocean color. ... At 9:50 am May 15th ,2002 (Beijing Time) ...<|control11|><|separator|>
[21]
China launches first Haiyang-4 oceanography satellite - SpaceNews
Nov 14, 2024 · China conducted its 55th orbital launch of 2024, sending the Haiyang-4 (01) oceanography satellite into a near polar orbit.Missing: HY 2023
[22]
On China's earth observation system: mission, vision and application
The ocean satellite series of China is named the Haiyang (HY) series, which denotes the ocean in Chinese. The HY series includes three types of satellites, HY-1 ...<|control11|><|separator|>
[23]
Haiyang 1A, 1B (HY 1A, 1B) - Gunter's Space Page
Jun 11, 2025 · HY 1 (Haiyang = Ocean) is the first operational remote sensing satellite based on the CAST968 bus. The 365 kg box-shaped satellite is three-axis-stabilized and ...Missing: marine | Show results with:marine
[24]
HY-2 (Haiyang-2) / Ocean-2 - eoPortal
HY-2 is a second generation ocean observation/monitoring satellite series approved by CNSA (China National Space Administration) Beijing in Feb. 2007. The HY-2A ...
[25]
HY-2A - National Satellite Ocean Application Service
HY-2A is the first marine dynamic environment satellite of China. It integrates active and passive microwave sensors, and has high-precision orbit measurement.
[26]
[PDF] Global ocean satellite observation network in China and role in UN ...
To monitor the global marine dynamic environmental parameters including sea surface wind field, sea surface height, significant wave heights and sea surface.
[27]
Earth Observing Satellites and Open Data Sharing in China
HaiYang ocean satellites ... China has already put an emphasis on using Earth observation satellite data to contribute to major international efforts.
[28]
An Interview with HY - JaME World
Jun 10, 2007 · So far we've released 4 albums and 4 DVDs – 3 of the albums, including our latest release, debuted at #1 on the Oricon Hit Music Charts, which ...
[29]
HY | Spotify
HY were the most successful Japanese indie rock band of the 2000s, although it must be noted that the term "indie" in their country applies solely to label ...
[30]
2004 Oricon Top 100 Albums - generasia
Jan 1, 2025 · HY · TRUNK. 2004.07.14, 580,344. 17. Makihara Noriyuki · EXPLORER. 2004.08.11, 550,398. 18, Various Artists. BLUE ~ A TRIBUTE TO YUTAKA OZAKI.
[31]
https://iona-placenames.glasgow.ac.uk/i-ioua-iona/
[32]
HY from Okinawa, with a lot of love, came to Shanghai!!
Jun 18, 2024 · On the occasion of the 20th anniversary of the founding of the band, we are coming to Shanghai with our first re-recorded greatest hits album " ...
[33]
HY, Japan's most enduring indie rock band, push boundaries with an
Feb 19, 2018 · HY, Japan's most enduring indie rock band, push boundaries with an eccentric and essential discography ... album, Achi Sound ~HY Love ...Missing: history | Show results with:history<|control11|><|separator|>
[34]
Í > IOUA > IONA - Iona's Namescape
... island was dedicated to the Apostle St John; for it was originally called J'Eoin, i.e. John's Island, whence Iona, the Latin name of Icolumbkill.[2]. The ...
[35]
Iona Abbey: History | Historic Environment Scotland
St Columba and 12 companions came here from Ireland in AD 563. The monastery they founded was one of the most important and influential in the British Isles.
[36]
Life of St. Columba
Columba, who was then in the Iouan island (Hy, now Iona), thus addressed a few of the senior brethren who were standing around him, 'Columb Coilrigin, the ...
[37]
[PDF] a historical account of iona, from the earliest period. by l. maclean ...
Iona is known to the native Highlander by four names: 1. Ijinis-nan-Druid/meach—The Isle of the Druids. 2. li—The Island, by ...
[38]
Columba - Scotland's History - BBC
In Pictland, Columban monks began to spread the word of Christianity in the seventh century. Iona faced competition from other Irish monastic missions, however, ...
[39]
Beyond the boundary | National Trust for Scotland
Aug 19, 2020 · Beyond the abbey, Iona's past includes Mesolithic hunter-gatherers, a possible 6th-century cell, a 3,000-year-old rubbish pit, and a 1907-1913 ...
[40]
Archaeology Research - Groups - Glasgow Iona Research Group
Researchers across the departments of Archaeology, History and Celtic & Gaelic independently conduct work on various aspects of Iona's history.Missing: 2024 2025<|control11|><|separator|>
[41]
Hy - Baby Name Meaning, Origin, and Popularity for a Boy
The name Hy is a boy's name meaning "life". Hy was once a nickname for Hyman, a Jewish Anglicization of Chaim. Today it has gone extinct.
[42]
Hiram | The Art of Literary Nomenclature
Nov 24, 2014 · ORIGIN: Hebrew, meaning “exalted brother”. VARIATIONS and NICKNAMES: Hi, High, Hirem, Huram, Hurem, Hy, Hyram, Hyrem.
[43]
Meaning, origin and history of the name Hyun
The meaning, origin and history of the given name Hyun. ... Alternate transcription of Korean Hangul 현 (see Hyeon). Related Names.
[44]
Hyun (Korean name) - Wikipedia
Hyun, also spelled Hyeon or Hyon, Hyoun, is a Korean surname, a single-syllable Korean given name, and an element in many two-syllable Korean given names.As a surname · Overview · As a given name · As name element
[45]
Hy Gardner - Biography - IMDb
Hy Gardner ( 2 December 1908 - 17 June 1989 ) was an American entertainment reporter and syndicated columnist for the New York Herald Tribune, host of " Hy ...
[46]
Hy Surname Meaning & Hy Family History at Ancestry.com®
Hy Surname Meaning. English: variant of High. Chinese: variant Romanization of the surname 解 based on its pronunciation in Taishanese a variant of Cantonese ...
[47]
Hy Surname Origin, Meaning & Last Name History - Forebears
The surname is most prevalent in Vietnam, where it is carried by 3,551 people, or 1 in 26,090. In Vietnam it is most prevalent in: Southeast, where 49 percent ...
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Hy Name Meaning and Hy Family History at FamilySearch
English: variant of High . Chinese: variant Romanization of the surname 解, based on its pronunciation in Taishanese, a variant of Cantonese, see ...
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Hy Averback(1920-1997) - IMDb
He was a director and producer, known for M*A*S*H (1972), The Real McCoys (1957) and The Tom Ewell Show (1960). He was married to Dorothy Wayne Bridges. He died ...
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https://pitchbook.com/profiles/company/180455-50
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hy History | About
hy was established in 1969 as Korea Yakult, pioneering fermented dairy with Korea's first probiotics. It changed to hy in 2021 and now aims to be a global ...Missing: 1997 | Show results with:1997
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Korea's hy Co diversifies into probiotic food and beverages
Aug 12, 2022 · Founded in 1969, the company, known for its fermented milk drink, changed its name to hy last March.Missing: 1997 | Show results with:1997
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About HY CO., LTD. - Ingredients Network
HY CO., LTD. is a Korean food company established in 1969, specializing in dairy and probiotics, with a B2B brand called hyLabs.Missing: founded 1997
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hy (Korea) 2025 Company Profile: Overview & Executives - PitchBook
hy (Korea), founded in 1969, is a private producer of dairy and health food products, including ramen and beverages, in South Korea.Missing: 1997 | Show results with:1997
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HY Co., Ltd. South Korea Manufacturers, suppliers
In 1969, hy pioneered the domestic fermented milk market and, through continuous investment and research, has grown into the No. 1 probiotics company. hy ...Missing: founded 1997
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Hy expands overseas market with K-probiotics targeting Southeast ...
Feb 13, 2025 · hy announced its goal of transforming into a comprehensive distribution corporation after changing its name from Korea Yakult in March 2021.Missing: Ltd | Show results with:Ltd
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Hy focuses on B2B amid deepening losses - 매일경제 영문뉴스 펄스 ...
May 26, 2025 · The company recorded 1.68 trillion won ($1.2 billion) in revenue in 2024, up 10.8 percent from the previous year. However, its operating ...Missing: Ltd | Show results with:Ltd
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hy - LinkedIn
About us ; Website: https://www.hy.co.kr. External link for hy ; Industry: Food and Beverage Services ; Company size: 1,001-5,000 employees ; Type: Privately Held.<|control11|><|separator|>
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Hy to launch plant-based protein brand Protein Code
May 20, 2021 · The first product to be released from the brand is Protein Code Drink, a ready-to-drink vegan protein beverage sourced from soy and brown rice.
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CI | About
Through honest freshness and healthy food options like organic and vegan choices, we will help customers experience genuine health and actively practice the ...
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ISO 639-1:2002
### Summary of Armenian Language Code in ISO 639-1
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Armenian Language (HYE) - Ethnologue
Armenian is the official national language of Armenia. It belongs to the Indo-European language family. It is used as a language of instruction in ...
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Armenian Language - Dialects & Structure - MustGo.com
According to Ethnologue, Armenian is spoken worldwide by about 5,924,320 people, of whom 3,140,000 live in the Republic of Armenia (2001 census). Eastern ...
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Constitution of the Republic of Armenia - Library - President.am
The state language of the Republic of Armenia shall be the Armenian language. ... Armenian language, may be elected as a Deputy of the National Assembly. 3 ...
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People of Artsakh: language, culture, traditions
The official language of the Republic of Artsakh is standard Eastern Armenian, spoken in the next-door Republic of Armenia. But in everyday life, most people ...
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Top Translation Tools for Armenian - Talkpal
Introduction to Armenian Translation Tools · Google Translate · Microsoft Translator · DeepL Translator · SDL Trados Studio · MemoQ · Smartcat · SYSTRAN.
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Selections from the History of the Armenians, attributed to Movses of ...
Aug 18, 2024 · Books One and Two of this remarkable work contain the ancient and legendary history of the Armenians and their communities in Asia Minor, the ...
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Study Reveals Most Popular American Texting Habits - Language Log
Apr 21, 2025 · PMG (15 000 searches) – Oh my god. HY (15 000 searches) – Hell yeah. TMB (11 000 searches) – Text me back. WYS (10 000 searches) ...
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HY Meaning – A Guide to HY Definition & Uses in Text - Grammura
Sep 4, 2025 · HY is a texting acronym that means either “Hell Yes” or “Hi You,” widely used in informal chats and social media.<|control11|><|separator|>
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HY Meaning in Text: What Does It Mean? - Capitalize My Title
Feb 4, 2024 · Received HY through text? In general, the HY meaning is "hell yes," "hell yeah," or "heck yeah." But, it can also mean "hi" or "hey ya'll."