InstallShield
InstallShield is a proprietary software development tool created by Revenera for building installers and packages, primarily for Microsoft Windows desktop and server applications. It enables developers to produce reliable MSI, MSIX, and EXE installers that manage clean installations, upgrades, uninstallations, and dependencies, while supporting features like digital signing, multilingual interfaces, and integration with continuous integration/continuous deployment (CI/CD) pipelines. The latest version, InstallShield 2025 R1, was released on July 8, 2025.[1] Originally developed in 1987 by Viresh Bhatia and Rick Harold as The Stirling Group in Schaumburg, Illinois, InstallShield emerged to address the complexities of manual software installations on early Windows systems, starting as a part-time project in a converted library space. Renamed InstallShield in 1993, it rapidly gained prominence as the industry standard for Windows software deployment, earning Microsoft's endorsement for Windows 95 and becoming integral to the installations of thousands of applications worldwide. By the late 1990s, it powered 85-90% of major Windows software packages and, as of 2017, had been installed on over 500 million PCs globally.[2][3][4] The product's ownership has evolved through several acquisitions and rebrandings, reflecting its central role in software delivery. In 2004, Macrovision Corporation acquired InstallShield Software Corporation for $76 million, integrating it into its software management portfolio. In 2008, Macrovision spun off its software business unit to form Acresso Software, which rebranded to Flexera Software in 2010 to emphasize flexibility in software solutions. In 2020, Flexera reorganized its supplier division—encompassing InstallShield—under the Revenera brand to focus on software monetization and installation technologies.[5][6] InstallShield remains the industry standard for Windows installations, supporting modern requirements such as ARM architecture for Windows 11, Azure Key Vault for code signing, native MSIX packaging for the Microsoft Store, and suite projects for bundling multiple products into a single installer. Its editions, including Professional and Premier, offer node-locked or concurrent licensing, with deep integration into tools like Microsoft Visual Studio, ensuring consistent and secure deployments for enterprises.[1][7][8]Introduction
Overview
InstallShield is a proprietary software tool designed for creating installers and software packages, primarily targeting Microsoft Windows desktop and server platforms.[1] It enables developers to build reliable installation experiences, including clean installs, upgrades, and uninstalls, often generating Windows Installer (.msi) files as a key output format.[1] Originally developed by Viresh Bhatia and Rick Harold, InstallShield has evolved through multiple corporate transitions, with its current developer being Revenera, the successor to Flexera Software, Acresso Software, and the original Stirling Technologies.[3][5] The tool remains a leading solution for software deployment, supporting modern Windows technologies and integration with development environments like Visual Studio.[1] The latest stable release, InstallShield 2025 R1, was issued on July 8, 2025, incorporating enhancements for accessibility and compatibility with recent operating system updates.[9]Licensing and Availability
InstallShield operates under a proprietary licensing model managed by Revenera, its current developer and distributor, with no open-source components or alternatives offered by the company.[1] The software is available exclusively through commercial licenses, transitioning to a subscription-based structure since 2021, where new licenses are provided as 3-year non-perpetual timed subscriptions rather than perpetual ones.[10] Free trial versions are accessible for evaluation, allowing users to test the tool's capabilities before purchase, and can be downloaded directly from the Revenera website.[11] The product is offered in three main editions, each tailored to different user needs and skill levels, with pricing scaling based on features and licensing type (node-locked or concurrent).[12] The Premier edition provides advanced capabilities, including suite installations for bundling multiple products, streaming and virtualization support (such as Microsoft App-V integration), multilingual installations in up to 35 languages, and cloud-based builds, making it suitable for complex enterprise deployments; it is priced at approximately $2,598 per year for a 3-year subscription.[11][13] The Professional edition focuses on core functionality, such as creating MSI and MSIX installers, advanced UI designs for single packages, InstallScript support, and integration with SQL databases and IIS web sites, targeted at both novice and experienced developers, with annual pricing around $1,574 for the 3-year term.[11][13] In contrast, the Express edition offers basic, limited functionality for simple installations, including support for one web site per project and essential setup wizards, but lacks advanced customization, standalone builds, and multi-language options.[12][14] Historically, InstallShield has been made available through bundling with development environments as a channel for broader accessibility, including limited editions bundled with Microsoft Visual Studio up to version 6.0, with a standalone Limited Edition available for later versions up to 2019 (discontinued in 2020), and Borland tools like Delphi and C++ Builder, though such integrations have evolved.[15][10][16] All editions are obtainable via the Revenera online store or by contacting sales for concurrent licensing options, which support shared access in team environments like Azure DevOps.[13][17]History
Founding and Early Development
InstallShield originated from The Stirling Group, a software company founded in 1987 in Roselle, Illinois, by Viresh Bhatia and Rick Harold, who had met as students at Northwestern University.[18] Funded by personal savings, the duo initially developed geographic mapping software targeted at the emerging Microsoft Windows operating system. The venture began as a part-time project in a converted library space in Roselle.[3] The company's early efforts capitalized on the growing popularity of graphical user interfaces, positioning it at the forefront of Windows-based application development tools. In 1993, The Stirling Group relocated to larger facilities in Schaumburg, Illinois, and rebranded as Stirling Technologies, Inc., reflecting its expanding focus on software deployment solutions. This period marked a pivotal shift, as the company refined its product lineup to address key challenges in software distribution for early Windows environments. The pivot to software deployment tools came after attending a Windows conference in Boston in 1990, where they introduced the SHIELD Series.[18] The rebranding coincided with increased demand for reliable installation mechanisms amid the proliferation of Windows 3.x applications. The breakthrough came in 1990 with the launch of the SHIELD Series, a suite of six development tools designed to simplify software packaging and user interaction on Windows platforms. Key components included InstallShield 1.0, the inaugural installer builder that automated file distribution, registry modifications, and dependency handling for Windows 3.x and early Windows NT systems; DemoShield, which enabled interactive product demonstrations without full installations; and UNInstallShield, a dedicated utility for clean software removal to prevent system clutter. These tools addressed critical pain points in the pre-internet era of software delivery, emphasizing compatibility with limited hardware resources typical of the time. InstallShield gained significant traction following Microsoft's endorsement for Windows 95 compatibility in 1995, solidifying its role as an industry standard. By 1997, the technology powered installations for an estimated 80% of Windows software products, underscoring its dominance in major commercial releases.Acquisitions and Rebranding
In 2004, Macrovision Corporation acquired InstallShield Software Corporation for $76 million in cash, with an additional up to $20 million in contingent payments based on post-acquisition performance.[19] This acquisition integrated InstallShield's installation and packaging technologies into Macrovision's broader portfolio of software licensing and digital rights management solutions.[5] On April 1, 2008, Macrovision's Software Business Unit, which included InstallShield, was sold to the private equity firm Thoma Bravo in a cash transaction valued at approximately $200 million, resulting in the formation of a new standalone company named Acresso Software.[20] Acresso Software operated as an independent entity focused on software deployment, licensing, and compliance tools, serving over 60,000 customers worldwide.[20] In 2009, Acresso Software underwent further restructuring and rebranded to Flexera Software, consolidating its offerings under a unified identity that emphasized flexibility in software management.[5] This rebranding aligned with the company's expansion in software monetization and installation capabilities while retaining core products like InstallShield.[5] On May 28, 2020, Flexera rebranded its Supplier Division—which encompassed InstallShield and related installation solutions—as Revenera, as part of a broader corporate restructuring to separate its customer-facing and supplier-oriented businesses.[21] This change was a branding initiative rather than a legal divestiture, aimed at enhancing market focus for software and IoT monetization tools, with no disruption to ongoing operations or customer support.[22] Throughout these ownership transitions and rebrandings, InstallShield's development and product continuity remained stable, with sustained investment in its core installation technologies to support evolving software deployment needs.[5]Product Evolution
Initial Versions and Milestones
InstallShield was first released in 1990 by The Stirling Group, as part of the SHIELD Series, a suite of six software development tools designed to facilitate basic Windows installations through a graphical user interface for creating setup programs.[2][3] This initial version, InstallShield 1.0, targeted Windows 3.x environments and provided developers with capabilities to package and deploy applications, including file copying, registry modifications, and simple user interactions, marking a significant advancement over manual batch file-based installations prevalent at the time.[23] A pivotal milestone occurred in 1995 with the release of InstallShield versions compatible with Windows 95, earning Microsoft's official endorsement for use in software distribution on the new operating system.[2] This compatibility, introduced in InstallShield 3.0, supported the 32-bit architecture and Plug and Play features of Windows 95, which propelled widespread adoption among developers as the OS became the dominant platform for personal computing.[23] By 1997, the tool was estimated to power installations for a majority of Windows software titles, solidifying its role in the ecosystem.[2] In 2001, InstallShield introduced robust support for the Microsoft Windows Installer service, particularly with version 2.0 integration through InstallShield Professional Windows Installer Edition 2.03, enabling the creation of MSI packages that offered improved reliability, rollback capabilities, and system-wide consistency.[24] This shift aligned InstallShield with Microsoft's deployment standards, allowing for more scalable and maintainable installations compared to prior script-based methods. During the early 2000s, enhancements included native support for .NET Framework installations starting with InstallShield Developer 7.0 in 2002, which facilitated deployment of .NET 1.0 applications by handling prerequisites, assemblies, and configuration files automatically.[25] Additionally, multi-language setup capabilities were bolstered, permitting installers to dynamically select and display localized dialogs and messages based on system locale, supporting global distribution without separate builds for each language.[26] By the late 1990s, InstallShield had achieved over 80% market share in the Windows installer software category, reflecting its dominance in enabling efficient software deployment for developers worldwide.[27]Feature Enhancements Over Time
In the mid-2000s, InstallShield introduced enhancements for 64-bit architectures, enabling the creation of installers capable of deploying 64-bit applications on corresponding operating systems while maintaining compatibility with 32-bit components.[28] These updates addressed the increasing prevalence of 64-bit Windows platforms, allowing developers to specify 64-bit properties for components and features to ensure proper installation paths and registry handling.[29] Suite installation functionality emerged as a key advancement, permitting the bundling of multiple related installations into a unified bootstrap application for streamlined deployment of complex software suites.[30] Installation streaming capabilities were also added, reducing user wait times by allowing setup files to be downloaded and executed progressively during the process.[31] During the 2010s, InstallShield refined prerequisite handling, providing tools to integrate and manage dependencies such as runtime environments and third-party components more efficiently before the main installation launched.[32] Registry customization saw improvements, including advanced permission settings for keys and values to enhance security and compliance in enterprise environments.[33] Support for mobile devices expanded, facilitating installations targeted at PDAs, smartphones, and other handheld platforms alongside desktop setups.[34] Over time, InstallShield evolved from primarily script-based installations using InstallScript for custom logic to declarative MSI authoring, where Windows Installer tables define installation behavior for greater reliability and standardization.[35] This progression incorporated hybrid InstallScript MSI projects, blending scripting flexibility with MSI's transactional model, and increased automation for handling updates and patches through integrated patching technologies.[36] Security features, particularly digital signing integration, have developed across decades to meet evolving standards, starting with basic certificate support and advancing to compatibility with SHA-256 hashing and hardware security modules for robust code verification.[37] These enhancements ensure installers can be signed at build time using .pfx files or cloud-based keys, mitigating risks in distribution.[38]Core Features
Installer Generation Capabilities
InstallShield's primary function in installer generation is the creation of Windows Installer-based packages, specifically .msi files, which encapsulate all necessary components for software deployment on Windows systems. This process leverages the Windows Installer technology to ensure reliable installations, upgrades, and uninstalls, with InstallShield providing an intuitive project-based interface to define the package structure. Users start by creating a Basic MSI project, where they specify product details such as name, version, and unique GUID in the General Information view, culminating in building the .msi file via the toolbar or ribbon tools.[39] The tool offers comprehensive capabilities for defining installation sequences through its visual designer, allowing developers to outline the order of actions during setup, including user interface flows and execution phases. File extraction and handling are managed in the Files and Folders view, where source files can be dragged and dropped to target directories, automatically generating the necessary tables in the MSI database for compression, extraction, and placement during installation. Similarly, shortcut creation is facilitated in the dedicated Shortcuts view, enabling the placement of icons on the desktop, Start menu, or other locations, with configurable properties like target paths and descriptions to enhance user accessibility.[40][41] Support for prerequisites ensures that required runtimes, such as .NET Framework or Java, are installed before the main application setup proceeds, preventing compatibility issues. The Prerequisites view includes a built-in editor for adding standard or custom prerequisites, specifying conditions like version checks and download locations, with options to run them as setup prerequisites before the UI sequence or as feature-specific ones. This mechanism integrates seamlessly with the MSI build process, bundling prerequisite installers into the package or chaining them externally.[42] Basic registry and file system modifications are handled through dedicated views that allow straightforward edits without deep scripting. In the Registry view, users can add, modify, or remove keys and values, associating them with components to ensure proper installation and rollback capabilities. File system changes, including directory creation and permissions, are defined alongside file placements in the Files and Folders view, supporting standard Windows paths and ensuring transactional integrity via Windows Installer's commit and rollback features. These tools provide a declarative approach to system alterations, minimizing errors in deployment.[39]Customization and Automation Tools
InstallShield provides extensive options for customizing the user interface of installation packages, allowing developers to tailor dialogs to specific needs such as license agreements, serial key entry, and setup type selections. For license agreements, users can integrate RTF or TXT files into dialogs using functions like SdLicenseEx, which support scrolling requirements, print buttons, Unicode encoding, and multilingual displays to ensure accessibility and compliance.[43] Serial key entry is facilitated through controls like Edit Field or Masked Edit in the Dialog Editor, combined with validation functions such as SdRegisterUserEx or ValidateProductID, enabling password protection and COM-based checks for secure input handling.[43] Setup types, including options like Typical or Custom, are defined in the Setup Types view and presented via Selection Tree Controls or the SdSetupType function, with further customization available in the CustomSetup dialog for feature-based selections.[43] These elements support drag-and-drop editing, localization, themes like Pastel Wheat, high-contrast modes, right-to-left languages, and dynamic UI components such as billboards and hyperlinks to create intuitive and branded installation experiences.[43] Scripting support in InstallShield is powered by InstallScript, a proprietary language that enables the creation of custom actions and conditions to extend installation logic beyond standard behaviors. Custom actions can be developed using the Custom Action Wizard or the Custom Actions view, incorporating InstallScript code, DLL calls, PowerShell scripts, or managed code assemblies to perform tasks like setting shortcut properties with SetShortcutProperty or launching applications via LaunchApplication, with debugging options available through command-line flags.[43] Conditions are built using the Condition Builder or InstallScript expressions, such as Not Installed, SystemLanguageID checks, or release flag evaluations like !MAINTENANCE, allowing conditional execution of actions based on system states or user inputs.[43] InstallScript offers features like auto-completion, syntax folding, Unicode support, and event-based scripting (e.g., OnSuiteShowUI), backed by hundreds of built-in functions and integrated debugging tools for robust, maintainable code.[43] Automation features in InstallShield streamline repetitive tasks, including build processes, patch generation, and update handling to support efficient deployment workflows. Build automation is achieved through command-line tools like ISCmdBld.exe or ISBuild.exe, which accept parameters for project files, releases, and configurations, integrating with MSBuild for batch operations, event scripting, and dynamic linking of files, while also supporting CI/CD pipelines in environments like Azure DevOps.[43] Patch creation utilizes the Patch Design view, QuickPatch Wizard, or BuildPatchConfiguration object to produce .msp files with options for password protection, validation, and compatibility with tools like Patchwiz.dll, ensuring targeted updates without full reinstalls.[43] Update mechanisms are managed in the Upgrades view or via the Update Manager, supporting major and minor upgrades, downloadable content, chained MSI packages, and forced upgrades with functions like ForceUpgrade, along with logging, progress indicators, and path variable overrides for seamless maintenance.[43] Suite projects in InstallShield enable the orchestration of multi-product installations, particularly through Suite/Advanced UI technology, which bundles multiple packages (e.g., .msi, .exe, .appx) into a single, unified installer with shared components to avoid redundancy. These projects are configured in the Packages view or via wizards, handling transaction processing for multi-tier applications and defining eligibility conditions to control package visibility and execution order.[43] Shared components are managed using consistent GUIDs and SuiteFeature objects, often incorporating merge modules, so they remain installed until all dependent products are uninstalled, with support for uninstallation sequencing and features like SQL login pages, splash screens, contemporary UI themes, and multi-language capabilities.[43]Versions and Releases
Major Historical Releases
InstallShield's first major release, Version 1.0, arrived in 1990, providing initial support for Windows 3.x installations and marking the tool's entry into simplifying software deployment on early graphical user interfaces.[44] By 1995, InstallShield introduced a dedicated edition optimized for Windows 95, which received Microsoft's official endorsement as a recommended installer tool, solidifying its role in the burgeoning consumer OS market.[2] In 2001, the product integrated support for Microsoft Windows Installer (MSI) 2.0, enabling more robust, database-driven installation packages that improved reliability and reduced errors in software setup processes.[24] Following Macrovision's acquisition of InstallShield in 2004, subsequent versions from 2004 to 2008 emphasized expanded compatibility, including native support for .NET Framework applications in InstallShield X and 64-bit architectures in InstallShield 11, allowing developers to target emerging enterprise and high-performance environments.[45][46] The 2010 release, launched on June 18, 2009, began incorporating early cloud-related capabilities through enhanced build automation and integration options, alongside full support for Windows 7 and Server 2008 R2.[47] InstallShield 2015, released on June 10, 2015, provided preview compatibility for Windows 10, ensuring seamless installations on the upcoming OS while integrating with Visual Studio 2015 and supporting SHA-256 certificates for future-proof security.[48] The 2019 R2 update enhanced security features, including configurable delays in digital signing to handle timestamp server issues, new certificate password parameters for IsCmdBld.exe, and improved MSIX runtime fixes like file redirection, bolstering protection against vulnerabilities in modern deployment scenarios.[49]Recent Developments (2020 Onward)
In InstallShield 2020 R1, released in May 2020, key enhancements included the introduction of pure 64-bit installers for Basic MSI and Suite projects, enabling the creation of installers using 64-bit launchers to better support modern 64-bit environments.[50] This version also added support for MSIX Modification Packages, allowing users to create packages that modify existing MSIX installations, and extended MSIX compatibility to older Windows versions via MSIX Core.[51] Additionally, AWS CloudHSM-based digital signing was introduced for secure certificate management in cloud environments.[52] Subsequent updates in the 2020 series, such as R2 and R3, built on these foundations with MSIX bundle creation utilities, support for services in MSIX declarations, and integration for building projects in Azure DevOps pipelines.[51] By InstallShield 2021 R1, enhanced support for Windows 11 was added, alongside features like cloud builds, modern installer designs, and the ability to install packages from the Windows Package Manager.[52] The 2021 R2 release further improved Windows 11 and Windows Server 2022 compatibility, introducing full ARM support for broader device deployment.[52] InstallShield 2022 R1, launched in July 2022, emphasized integration with Visual Studio 2022, allowing users to open, upgrade, and build existing projects using MSBuild tasks for streamlined development workflows.[8] It also introduced support for custom extensions in MSIX projects, enabling the addition of package- and application-level functionalities like firewall rules and startup tasks via Appx manifest XML tags, along with validation of MSI properties against Windows Installer best practices and minor upgrade support for chained MSI packages.[8][53] Later in 2022 R2, enhancements included support for creating new InstallShield projects and editing them in Visual Studio 2022.[54] The 2023 releases under Revenera continued annual innovation, with R1 adding support for InstallScript projects in Visual Studio 2022 and capabilities to configure and deliver app updates directly from installers.[52] R2 introduced command-line support for downloading prerequisites during Standalone Build (SAB) processes and the option to create hourly scheduled tasks for maintenance.[52] In 2024 R1, enhancements focused on cloud and .NET integration, including Azure Key Vault signing via custom tools and support for .NET Core custom actions to facilitate modern application deployments.[52] The R2 update added compatibility with Windows Server 2025 and improved ARM support for InstallScript setups on Windows 11, aiding mobile and edge device installations.[52] InstallShield 2025 R1, released on July 8, 2025, introduced 64-bit InstallScript setup launchers for targeting pure 64-bit systems more efficiently and enhanced accessibility with high contrast mode support in Advanced UI and Suite/Advanced UI installations, ensuring better visibility for users with visual impairments.[55] It also streamlined project upgrades and simplified edition management for easier transitions.[56] Under Revenera, InstallShield maintains an annual release cadence, with ongoing emphasis on security compliance, including continued support for SHA-256 digital signing to meet Microsoft certificate requirements and mitigate vulnerabilities in installer packages.[57] These developments reflect a shift toward cloud-native tools, ARM architectures, and inclusive design, ensuring compatibility with evolving Windows ecosystems.[1]Integration and Compatibility
Support for Development Environments
InstallShield provides native integration with Microsoft Visual Studio through dedicated plugins, enabling developers to build and manage installers directly within the IDE. This integration supports Visual Studio versions from 2012 through 2022, including Professional, Premium, Ultimate, and Enterprise editions, allowing seamless creation of installer projects (.ism files) and direct builds from Visual Studio solutions.[58][59] Historically, limited editions of InstallShield were bundled with key development tools to facilitate installer creation. A version of InstallShield was included with Microsoft Visual Studio 6.0, released in 1998, providing built-in setup capabilities via a dedicated menu in the IDE.[60] Similarly, InstallShield Express Borland Limited Edition was bundled with Borland Delphi 2006 and C++Builder, offering tailored project templates and wizards for packaging applications developed in these environments.[61][62] For automated workflows, InstallShield supports compatibility with CI/CD pipelines through command-line builds and integration with MSBuild tasks. Developers can use the InstallShield MSBuild task to compile installer projects from the command line without requiring Visual Studio on the build machine, provided .NET Framework 3.5 or later is installed; this is achieved by invoking MSBuild.exe on a solution file containing InstallShield projects, such asMSBuild.exe MySolution.sln /property:Configuration=Release.[63]
InstallShield also enables the creation of installers for games developed with Unity and Unreal Engine, handling large asset files, custom dependencies, and multi-platform distributions typical in game development, though it relies on general project import rather than native IDE plugins for these engines.[64]