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Jonathan Aitken

Jonathan William Patrick Aitken (born 30 August 1942) is a British author, , , and former Conservative politician. Educated at and , where he earned an M.A. in 1965, Aitken began his career as a before entering politics, serving as for Thanet East from 1974 to 1983 and Thanet South from 1983 to 1997. He rose through the ranks to become for Defence Procurement from 1992 to 1994 and from 1994 to 1995 under Prime Minister , but resigned amid investigations into arms deals and financial dealings. In 1997, Aitken lost a high-profile libel suit against over allegations of hypocrisy in his ministerial conduct, leading to his 1999 conviction at the for and after admitting to lying under oath about payments and procurement of evidence; he received an 18-month sentence and served approximately seven months in prison. Following his release, Aitken experienced a Christian during incarceration, transitioned to advocacy, volunteered as a visitor at facilities like , and was ordained a on 30 June 2018 by the . Today, as the Revd Jonathan Aitken, he serves part-time as a at , authors books on faith, history, and —including award-winning biographies—and lectures on offender reform, drawing from his experiences as both policymaker and prisoner.

Early Life and Background

Family Origins and Influences

Jonathan Aitken was born into an upper-class Anglo-Canadian family with longstanding connections to British politics, , and . His father, Sir William Traven Aitken (1905–1964), a Canadian native raised partly in and , emigrated to and became a executive and Conservative MP for from 1955 until his death from a heart attack on 19 January 1964. Knighted as , Sir William was the nephew of , the Canadian-born press magnate who owned the Daily Express and wielded significant influence in Conservative politics during the early 20th century. This paternal lineage exposed Aitken to a culture of media entrepreneurship and political ambition from an early age. Aitken's mother, Penelope Loader Maffey (1910–2005), known as Lady Aitken after her marriage in 1933, was the daughter of , a senior civil servant who served as Permanent Under-Secretary at the , Governor of the Suez Canal Zone from 1929 to 1935, and the first British representative to independent in 1939. Awarded the for her charitable work, Lady Aitken provided a stable domestic influence amid the family's social prominence, later demonstrating resilience by supporting her son through his 1999 imprisonment for . The maternal side's diplomatic heritage complemented the paternal emphasis on and commerce, embedding in Aitken an orientation toward establishment networks and international engagement. These origins profoundly influenced Aitken's worldview and pursuits, with his father's parliamentary career and journalistic ventures modeling a blend of political and business acumen that Aitken emulated in his own entry into media and . The Beaverbrook connection, in particular, underscored the power of press ownership in shaping opinion, a lesson Aitken applied in his early television and publishing endeavors, while the family's transatlantic roots and elite affiliations reinforced a sense of to roles.

Education and Formative Experiences

Aitken received his early education at preparatory schools, including Orwell Park School, before attending , where he participated in the politics society. He subsequently read at , graduating with a degree in 1965. As a child, Aitken endured significant health challenges, remaining in a full-body for over a year between the ages of two and three due to a spinal condition. These experiences, combined with attendance at schools abroad—where he acquired fluency in German and French—cultivated an early international perspective; he also briefly attended . At Oxford, Aitken served as chairman of the , immersing himself in political activism and networking that foreshadowed his future career. His first professional engagement came at age 19, drafting speeches for , then , providing an initial exposure to Westminster's inner workings.

Journalism and Business Ventures

Entry into Journalism

Aitken's initial exposure to occurred during his time at University, where he contributed articles to student publications such as Cherwell and Isis, and served as editor of the Oxford Tory from 1962 to 1963. His first paid position in the field was a role as Assistant Tennis and Funerals Correspondent for the East Anglian Daily Times in , undertaken while still a . Following his graduation with a Master of Arts in law from Christ Church, Oxford, in 1965, Aitken briefly worked as a publisher for Monitor Publishing Co. Ltd. in London and Montreal from 1965 to 1966. He entered professional journalism in 1966 at the London Evening Standard, a newspaper owned by Beaverbrook Newspapers, where his great-uncle Max Aitken (Lord Beaverbrook) held significant influence as a former proprietor. This familial connection facilitated his rapid advancement from reporter to foreign and war correspondent, covering conflicts including the Vietnam War, the Biafran War in Nigeria, and Middle Eastern hostilities between 1966 and 1971. During this period, Aitken also ventured into television journalism, working as a presenter for the regional news program at Television from 1968 to 1970. His reporting gained attention for its on-the-ground access, such as obtaining a confidential military report on the through personal contacts. In 1967, at age 24, he published his first book, The Young Meteors, profiling emerging business figures, which drew on his journalistic observations of London's entrepreneurial scene. These early assignments established Aitken as a swashbuckling correspondent known for frontline dispatches, though his career path reflected advantages from establishment ties in media.

Business Enterprises and Investments

Aitken's business career commenced in the in 1972, when he served as Executive Assistant to J. D. Slater, Chairman of Slater Walker Securities, before becoming Managing Director of Slater Walker (Middle East) Limited from 1973 to 1975. In 1980, he co-founded Aitken Hume International, a , with his cousin Timothy Aitken, and held the position of Chairman from 1981 to 1990, followed by Deputy Chairman until 1992. Through Aitken Hume, Aitken acquired significant stakes in media and other sectors, notably becoming a of plc from 1981 to 1988 and assuming the role of chief executive in March 1984 following a boardroom coup that ousted Peter Jay. This involvement included channeling undisclosed Saudi investments into the station via offshore entities, totaling around £3 million, which drew regulatory scrutiny from the Independent Broadcasting Authority for lack of candor. He also served as a of National Securities and Research Corporation, a U.S.-based fund manager, from 1984 to 1992. Aitken's ventures extended to investments in , , and over nearly three decades, yielding multiple fortunes derived in part from Arabian connections. These included stakes in defence-related systems and a trading corporation, though specific returns varied, with some 1970s investments in fraudulent shares and an gold mine proving unsuccessful. He resigned all directorships in upon entering government service. In later years, Aitken established Aitken Consultancy and Research Services Limited as his sole directorship.

Political Ascendancy

Parliamentary Entry and Initial Roles

Jonathan Aitken entered as the Conservative Member for Thanet East in the general election of 28 February 1974, securing victory in a contest that contributed to the formation of a minority government under . The constituency, located in , had previously been held by , and Aitken's win reflected the fragmented electoral outcome yielding a , the first since 1929. He retained the seat in the October 1974 election and held it through the 1979 general election, after which boundary changes renamed it Thanet South in 1983, a designation under which he continued serving until losing to 's Stephen Ladyman in 1997. Upon taking his seat, Aitken assumed the role of a backbench Conservative , without immediate appointment to junior ministerial or shadow positions, amid a period of economic challenges and internal party debates under and later . His early parliamentary contributions centered on constituency representation for Thanet East, including advocacy for local and shipping interests tied to the region's ports, while he engaged in debates on and defense topics informed by his journalistic background. Aitken spent the initial decade of his Commons tenure primarily on the backbenches, building alliances within the and positioning himself as a proponent of robust measures, though he eschewed prominent committee chairmanships or specialized select committee memberships during this formative phase.

The Hollis Affair

In 1979, Jonathan Aitken, a Conservative , met with Arthur Martin, a retired officer who had specialized in hunting Soviet moles within British intelligence. Martin alleged that Sir , 's Director-General from 1956 to 1965, had been recruited by the during his pre-war posting in and subsequently compromised key counterintelligence operations, including delays in identifying spies like and failures to exploit leads on the . These claims aligned with suspicions held by , the former CIA counterintelligence chief, who cited patterns of unexplained leaks and protective handling of suspects during Hollis's tenure as evidence of high-level penetration. On 31 January 1980, Aitken composed and delivered a lengthy confidential letter directly to , circumventing intermediaries to emphasize the urgency of the matter. The document detailed Martin's and Angleton's accounts, including Hollis's alleged role in shielding Soviet assets and the broader implications for MI5's effectiveness against infiltration during the . Aitken warned that suppressing the inquiry risked further erosion of public trust in intelligence agencies, advocating for an independent review to address unresolved penetrations. Aitken subsequently relayed the allegations to investigative journalist , facilitating the 1981 exposé Their Trade is Treachery, which explicitly identified Hollis as the in a decades-long Soviet mole hunt. The book's publication provoked outrage from Thatcher's administration, which commissioned internal assessments—building on prior probes like the 1975 Trend inquiry—that officially exonerated Hollis, attributing intelligence lapses to incompetence rather than treason. Skeptics, however, maintained that the , including Hollis's of cases like the 1951 Burgess-Maclean , warranted deeper scrutiny, with Aitken's intervention highlighting tensions between operational secrecy and . Aitken later pressed for enhanced parliamentary oversight of in 1985 Commons debates on services reform.

Ministerial Roles in Defence and Treasury

Aitken was appointed for Defence on 14 April 1992, serving until 20 July 1994 under Prime Minister . In this role, he oversaw the of military equipment and services for the , including efforts to enhance efficiency amid post-Cold War budget constraints imposed by the 1990 "" defence review, which led to significant reductions in volumes and associated job losses in the defence sector. His responsibilities encompassed negotiating contracts, promoting defence exports, and implementing reforms to streamline acquisition processes for better value and competitiveness. On 20 July 1994, Aitken was promoted to the as , a position he held until 5 July 1995. As the second-in-command to Chancellor , he focused on enforcing fiscal discipline, scrutinizing departmental spending bids, and contributing to the government's strategy for reducing the public sector borrowing requirement during a period of economic recovery and inflation control. Aitken's tenure involved detailed oversight of public expenditure allocations and advocacy for restrained budgeting to support broader Conservative economic policies aimed at curbing government outlays. He was sworn of the in June 1994, reflecting his elevated status within the government.

Scandals, Conviction, and Downfall

Libel Action Against The Guardian

In April 1995, The Guardian published a front-page article alleging that Jonathan Aitken, then Chief Secretary to the Treasury, had accepted undisclosed hospitality during a September 1993 stay at the Paris Ritz hotel, with the bill paid by Saudi businessman Said Ayas, a middleman in arms deals involving Aitken's former company, Aitken Hume International. The report claimed the stay benefited Aitken's family and linked it to efforts to facilitate Saudi arms purchases from British firms, including the controversial BMARC. On the same day, Granada Television's World in Action program, titled "Jonathan of Arabia," broadcast similar allegations about Aitken's Saudi connections. Aitken denied the claims, asserting that his wife had paid the hotel bill in cash using funds from her aunt's pension, and issued libel writs against The Guardian on 10 April 1995 and against Granada on 27 April 1995. In December 1995, he expanded the suit to include allegations related to BMARC arms exports. Aitken resigned from the Cabinet shortly after the initial reports but maintained the payments were legitimate and not connected to his ministerial duties. The libel trial commenced on 4 June 1997 in the before Mr Justice Maurice Kay, with Aitken represented by Charles Gray QC and the defendants by QC. Aitken testified that his wife and daughter had joined him in and that his wife paid the bill, supported by affidavits including one from his daughter. On 20 June 1997, the trial collapsed when the defense produced British Airways flight coupons and Budget car rental records showing Aitken's wife and daughter had flown to , , on 18 September 1993, with the car returned there at 6:35 PM—contradicting the claim of a visit and cash payment at the earlier that day. Additional evidence confirmed Ayas had settled the bill. Aitken discontinued the action that day without attending court, agreeing to pay the defendants' costs estimated at £1.8 million. The collapse exposed discrepancies in sworn statements, prompting a investigation into .

Perjury Charges and Imprisonment

In the failed libel action against The Guardian and Granada Television, Aitken testified under oath that his wife had paid approximately £2,000 in cash for their family's accommodation at the Ritz Hotel in Paris in September 1993, using funds from her personal account to cover the bill during his meetings with Saudi Arabian officials. Hotel records later revealed the stay was billed to an account linked to Mohammed Bin Khashoggi, an aide to Prince Mohammed bin Fahd, contradicting Aitken's account and prompting scrutiny over potential undeclared benefits related to arms deals. Following the collapse of the libel case in June 1997, Aitken faced criminal investigation for providing false evidence and procuring supporting affidavits from family members, including his wife and daughter, to corroborate the inaccurate payment narrative. In September 1998, he was charged with one count of and three counts of , including signing a false and encouraging false between April 1995 and June 1997. Aitken was committed for trial at the in December 1998. On 8 June 1999, Aitken pleaded guilty to the charge and one count of , admitting he had lied in court to protect his reputation and political career. The judge at the sentenced him to 18 months' imprisonment, noting the offenses undermined public trust in the legal system, with carrying a maximum of seven years and perverting potentially . Aitken began his sentence at before transfer to other facilities, including a lower-security referred to colloquially as "The " for its relatively better conditions. He served approximately seven months, qualifying for early , and was freed on 7 January 2000. During incarceration, Aitken expressed remorse for his actions, describing them as driven by "eternal shame" over the deception.

Bankruptcy and Financial Consequences

Following the collapse of his libel action against The Guardian and Granada Television in 1997, Aitken faced substantial legal costs estimated at approximately £2.4 million, of which he was ordered to pay around 80%. Unable to meet these obligations, Aitken applied for under the Insolvency Act 1986 in March 1999 and was formally declared bankrupt by the on 10 May 1999. His disclosed assets at the time totaled less than £40,000, while immediate creditors claimed around £200,000, with broader debts including the unresolved libel expenses. Creditors moved swiftly to recover funds; on 2 June 1999, days before Aitken's sentencing, bailiffs seized the contents of his home, including furniture and personal items, to offset unpaid legal fees. Bankruptcy trustees pursued further assets, including plans to seize control of his £1.5 million residence—transferred to his wife prior to the proceedings—and his £250,000 parliamentary , marking an unusual legal challenge against such protected benefits. Efforts to auction personal items, such as private letters, yielded limited interest and proceeds. In the aftermath, Aitken subsisted on a bankruptcy allowance of £200 to £250 per week for roughly two years following his release from in 2000, describing this period as financially dire amid his separation and loss of prior wealth. He retained his parliamentary , valued at £33,000 annually by 2015, which provided a measure of long-term stability despite the trustees' earlier claims. The barred him from certain financial roles and underscored the personal toll of his legal defeats, though it discharged most unsecured debts after the statutory period.

Religious Transformation

Conversion to Christianity

Aitken entered prison on 7 June 1999, following his conviction for perjury and an 18-month sentence, of which he served approximately seven months. Prior to incarceration, he described himself as a nominal Christian, having attended church intermittently and participated in events like the Alpha course, but lacking deep commitment. The isolation of his cell initially provided a conducive environment for reflection, where he began regular prayer routines—morning, midday, and evening—finding the stillness ideal for spiritual contemplation despite initial anger and resentment toward his circumstances. A pivotal influence was a group led by an inmate named , an armed robber, which included participants from varied criminal backgrounds such as pickpockets and safecrackers; this fellowship fostered Aitken's gradual spiritual growth through shared vulnerability and discussion. Guidance from a emphasized praying for , helping him confront personal pride, which he later identified as a "blinding, demonic state of mind" requiring correction. External support came from friend and mentor Chuck Colson, the Watergate figure who had himself converted in prison, who encouraged Aitken that could redeem his and served as a . Aitken's conversion unfolded as a painful, incremental process marked by stumbling and , rather than a singular dramatic event, culminating in a recognition of God's persistent call and a to authentic . He engaged intensively with the during this period, studying it alongside learning biblical , which deepened his understanding and marked a shift from self-centered to transformative belief. Some observers have questioned the sincerity of Aitken's , labeling it a " conversion" prompted by crisis rather than genuine , though Aitken has countered such skepticism by emphasizing its enduring impact on his life.

and Ministerial Duties

Aitken trained for at , studying theology prior to his ecclesiastical approval. He was ordained as a in the on 30 June 2018 at in by Sarah , the . The ceremony marked his transition to clerical ministry following his and personal redemption narrative, with Aitken expressing humility about the role. As a deacon, Aitken's duties are limited compared to those of a ; in the , deacons assist in worship, preach, baptize, and conduct certain services but cannot celebrate Holy Communion or hear confessions. He serves as an unpaid prison chaplain, primarily at HMP in , where he provides to inmates drawing on his own experience of incarceration. Aitken is also attached to St Matthew's Church in as a base for his ministry, focusing on prison visitation and support for programs. His chaplaincy emphasizes outreach to prisoners, including leading services, counseling, and advocating for second chances, informed by his 18-month sentence for in 1999. Aitken has described this work as a calling rooted in compassion, without seeking full priestly ordination. He continues these duties alongside broader involvement in Christian organizations, such as patronage of England and Wales.

Later Contributions and Legacy

Prison Reform Advocacy

Following his release from prison in 2001, Aitken became an advocate for offender , drawing on his 18-month sentence for and to emphasize practical reforms in the UK penal system. He has lectured, broadcast, and written extensively on , focusing on reducing through education, employment training, and addressing among inmates. In a 2005 Guardian article excerpted from his book Porridge and Passion, Aitken argued for targeted interventions in three areas: improving rates (noting that over half of prisoners were functionally illiterate), expanding purposeful work programs to instill discipline and skills, and implementing schemes to break cycles of addiction-fueled crime. From 2007 onward, Aitken chaired a Conservative review group commissioned by then-party leader under the (CSJ), culminating in the March 2009 Locked Up Potential: A to Reform our Prisons and our Prisoners. The , based on consultations with over 200 stakeholders including prison governors, offenders, and policymakers, proposed shifting from a purely punitive model to one prioritizing , including mandatory for illiterate inmates, incentives for work participation, and faith-based programs to foster personal responsibility. It highlighted empirical data showing reoffending rates exceeding 70% within two years of release, attributing this to inadequate post-release support and calling for community sentencing alternatives to reduce overcrowding in facilities holding over 80,000 inmates by 2009. Aitken's involvement stemmed from his firsthand observations of systemic failures, such as idleness and lack of vocational training, which he claimed perpetuated a "conveyor belt of ." Aitken has held practical roles supporting reform, including serving as a chaplain at since 2018, where he ministers to inmates and promotes and rehabilitative programs. He is a patron of UK, a Christian organization aiding prisoner welfare and reintegration, leveraging his experience to advocate for compassion-driven initiatives like mentoring and family visitation schemes. In later writings, such as contributions to Doing Time: A Spiritual Survival Guide (2022), co-authored with Edward Smyth, Aitken outlined faith's role in coping with incarceration, including Bible study groups that correlate with lower in evaluated programs. His advocacy has influenced policy discussions, though critics have questioned the feasibility of in underfunded systems, with Aitken countering that evidence from pilot schemes, like work-release programs reducing reoffending by up to 20%, justifies expanded investment over mere incarceration expansion.

Literary Works and Biographies

Jonathan Aitken has authored 16 books, spanning , biographies of public figures, and post-imprisonment reflections on , , and incarceration. His early works, published in the and 1970s, focused on contemporary society and politics, including A Short Walk on the Campus (1966, co-authored with Michael Beloff), which examined student life and ; The Young Meteors (1967), profiling emerging British leaders under 30; Land of Fortune: A Study of Australia (1969), an analysis of the country's economic and social landscape; and Officially Secret (1970), critiquing government secrecy based on his experiences as a young . Aitken's biographical writings gained prominence in the and , often emphasizing leadership, transformation, and moral complexity in their subjects. Richard M Nixon: A Life (1993) provided a detailed account of the former U.S. president's career, on extensive interviews and archival to portray both achievements and flaws. Later biographies included Nazarbayev and the Making of (2009), chronicling the Kazakhstani leader's role in post-Soviet independence; Margaret Thatcher: Power and Personality (2013), an intimate portrait based on personal access to the former British prime minister's papers and associates; Charles W Colson: A Life Redeemed (2005), tracing the Watergate figure's and efforts; and John Newton: From Disgrace to (2007), exploring the slave trader's spiritual awakening and authorship of the famous hymn. These works reflect Aitken's interest in figures who navigated personal and political crises, with four of his books overall receiving literary awards, though specific recipients among the biographies are not detailed in primary listings. Following his 1999 imprisonment, Aitken's literary output shifted toward autobiographical and devotional themes, integrating his experiences of downfall and faith. Pride and (2000) served as a of his conviction and libel trial, admitting faults without evasion. Complementary volumes like for People Under Pressure (2004) and Prayers for People Under Pressure (2004) offered scriptural meditations tailored to adversity; and Passion (2005) detailed routines and inmate interactions; and Contemporaries (2006) revisited influential figures from his life; Kazakhstan and Twenty Years of Independence (2012) extended his earlier Kazakh focus; and Doing Time: A Guide (2021) provided practical faith-based advice for inmates, drawing directly from his 18-month . This phase underscores a pivot from secular political analysis to works blending , , and reform advocacy.

Ongoing Public and Political Engagement

Aitken continues to engage in public discourse through opinion writing and commentary on political history and current affairs. In August 2024, he published an article in The Spectator recounting his experiences during the 1974 Nixon resignation, drawing parallels to contemporary American political volatility. In November 2023, he authored an obituary for Henry Kissinger in the Daily Mail, reflecting on the diplomat's legacy in global politics. These contributions leverage his firsthand involvement in mid-20th-century political events, including his reporting from Washington during the Watergate era. As a former , Aitken retains a parliamentary pass, listed among valid access credentials for ex-MPs as of January 2024, facilitating ongoing interactions within circles. In July 2024, he publicly supported the opening of an XO Bikes training workshop at HMP Pentonville, attending alongside figures such as and , highlighting intersections of policy advocacy and rehabilitation initiatives. Aitken participates in forums preserving conservative political heritage. On 14 May 2025, he co-launched the Beaverbrook Forum with Max Aitken and Randolph Churchill to mark the anniversary of Winston Churchill's War Cabinet, fostering discussions on leadership and strategy in British politics. He also delivers talks on political themes, including a February 2024 address to the Politics Society at Godolphin and Latymer School, where he shared insights from his parliamentary career. In July 2024, he contributed an article advising U.S. President Joe Biden, published in Seen & Unseen, underscoring his interest in transatlantic leadership challenges.

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