Love Symbol
The Love Symbol is an ideogram adopted by the American musician Prince as his stage name from 1993 to 2000, consisting of a stylized fusion of the male (♂) and female (♀) gender symbols with an added horn-like curve, designed to represent androgyny, love, and the interplay of sex and religion.[1][2] Created in 1992 over two frantic days at Prince's Paisley Park Studios by designers Mitch Monson and Lizz Luce of the Minneapolis firm HDMG, the symbol was initially intended as the title for his fourteenth studio album, commonly known as the Love Symbol Album, which blended funk, pop, and R&B elements and featured collaborations with artists like Rosie Gaines and the New Power Generation.[2][1] The design drew inspiration from Prince's then-dancers Carmen Electra and Mayte Garcia, emphasizing themes of gender fluidity and sensuality, with deliberate asymmetries in the scroll and crossbar to reflect its organic, imperfect nature.[2] Prince's decision to adopt the symbol as his name stemmed from escalating frustrations with Warner Bros. Records, his label since 1977, which he viewed as exploitative and akin to "slavery" due to restrictive contracts limiting his prolific output—he had over 500 unreleased songs but was capped on releases.[3][1] On his 35th birthday in June 1993, he publicly renounced the name "Prince," declaring it the property of the label, and began performing with the glyph on his cheek alongside the word "SLAVE" to protest creative control issues.[3] He later explained the change as a spiritual directive to reach a "new plateau," freeing him from past associations and enabling artistic reinvention.[1] The adoption generated massive media attention and logistical challenges, as the unpronounceable symbol defied easy reference; outlets coined the moniker "The Artist Formerly Known as Prince," which became a cultural shorthand for his enigmatic persona.[3][1] Despite initial backlash and a dip in record sales, the symbol permeated Prince's branding, appearing on album covers, guitars, set designs, and merchandise, and was distributed via a custom font on floppy disks to fans.[2] He reverted to using "Prince" in 2000 after his Warner Bros. contract expired, but the Love Symbol endured as an iconic emblem of his boundary-pushing legacy in music and identity.[3][2]Development
Background
The Love Symbol album was originally conceived by Prince as a "fantasy rock soap opera," featuring spoken segues that connected the tracks into a cohesive narrative about an Egyptian princess falling in love with a rock star.[4] These segues, voiced by actress Kirstie Alley as the character Vanessa Bartholomew, were designed to advance the storyline and provide dramatic transitions between songs.[5] This conceptual approach aimed to elevate the album beyond a standard collection of tracks, transforming it into an immersive audio experience with theatrical elements. The album's narrative ties directly to Prince's 1994 direct-to-video film 3 Chains o' Gold, where several of the planned segues were repurposed as dialogue to fit the plot involving the princess's escape from assassins and her romance with the protagonist.[5] In a late-stage revision, Prince decided to cut certain segues, including those leading into "I Wanna Melt with U," to accommodate the addition of that track and streamline the overall runtime for a single-CD release.[5] This editing choice preserved a few key segues while maintaining narrative flow without overwhelming the listener.[6] Amid growing tensions with his record label, Warner Bros., over creative control and release schedules, Prince adopted the unpronounceable Love Symbol—also known as the "Love Symbol #2"—as his new name in June 1993, shortly after the album's release.[7] This symbolic gesture marked a profound shift in his public identity, reflecting his frustration with contractual obligations that limited his prolific output.[7] Recording for the album began on September 11, 1990, with the track "The Flow" initially captured during sessions in London, as part of Prince's ongoing creative experimentation following the completion of his prior album, Diamonds and Pearls.[5] The bulk of the material was developed between September 1991 and March 1992 at Paisley Park Studios, allowing Prince to blend influences from R&B, funk, pop, rock, and soul into a multifaceted project.[5] This timeline positioned Love Symbol as a direct extension of his evolving sound and thematic ambitions in the early 1990s.[6]Recording
The recording sessions for the Love Symbol album spanned from September 1990 to July 1992, with principal work occurring at Paisley Park Studios in Chanhassen, Minnesota, and some overdubs at Larrabee Sound Studios in North Hollywood, California.[5] Initial tracking began on September 11, 1990, with the re-recording of "The Flow," a track originally developed earlier in Prince's career, while the bulk of the remaining material was captured between September 1991 and March 1992.[8] Some elements, such as "Blue Light," were laid down as early as May 1991, and final configurations extended into late summer 1992 to incorporate late additions like "Wanna Melt With U."[5] Prince adopted a hands-on production role throughout, directing live band recordings with the New Power Generation to capture a raw, collaborative energy that contrasted his more solitary studio approaches on prior projects.[5] This method emphasized full-band performances in the studio, allowing for spontaneous experimentation with rhythms and arrangements, though minor lineup shifts—such as the addition of Mayte Garcia on vocals—occurred during the process.[9] To advance the album's conceptual framework as a "fantasy rock soap opera" involving a rock star's romance with an Egyptian princess, sessions included the recording of spoken word segues featuring staged dialogues, with actress Kirstie Alley voicing the reporter character Vanessa Bartholomew.[10] These elements were integrated during tracking to weave narrative threads between songs, though several were ultimately trimmed from the release.[9] Track configurations evolved significantly, starting with early versions that included up to eight segues and an introductory monologue to establish the storyline, before adjustments finalized the 18-track structure by May 1992.[5] Late revisions in summer 1992 removed excess segues to streamline the flow, balancing the soap opera conceit with standalone songs while accommodating new compositions.[9] Session momentum was impacted by growing tensions with Warner Bros. Records, as the label sought to regulate Prince's prolific output amid contractual disputes over release schedules and creative control.[11] These pressures, which foreshadowed Prince's full name change to the unpronounceable symbol in 1993, contributed to intermittent pauses and shifts in focus during the extended production timeline.[2]Composition
Musical Style and Themes
The Love Symbol album exemplifies Prince's eclectic production style through a seamless fusion of R&B, funk, pop, rock, and soul genres, incorporating elements of hip-hop, new jack swing, and synth-pop to create a dynamic sonic landscape.[4][12] This 75-minute runtime allows for an expansive exploration of musical territories, emphasizing Prince's multi-instrumentalism and his ability to layer intricate arrangements that highlight his full vocal range from sultry lows to soaring highs.[13][4] The production, crafted with the New Power Generation, results in a balanced yet overflowing masterpiece that balances high-energy funk grooves with introspective soulful interludes.[4] Lyrically, the album delves into themes of sensuality, spirituality, identity, and romance, mirroring Prince's personal evolution during a period of professional transition.[4] These motifs are intertwined with the gender-fluid symbolism of the album's titular glyph, which merges male and female elements to challenge traditional notions of identity and desire.[4] The Love Symbol's design underscores Prince's exploration of self-reinvention, particularly as it foreshadowed his 1993 name change—a deliberate act of artistic control and protest against industry constraints, symbolizing the "death" of his former persona to assert autonomy over his creative output.[14] Spiritual musings, such as those evoking apocalyptic visions in tracks like "7," blend with intimate storytelling to convey a metaphysical depth rooted in romance and personal awakening.[4] Structurally, the album employs segues and narrative arcs to foster a cohesive "soap opera" feel, weaving funk-driven sequences with reflective passages that evoke a fantastical tale of rescue and redemption.[4][12] This high-concept approach, originally tied to a accompanying film narrative, integrates sensual grooves and philosophical undertones into a unified artistic statement, showcasing Prince's prowess in crafting immersive, genre-blending experiences.[4]Track Listing
The standard edition of the Love Symbol album contains 18 tracks, with a total runtime of 74:58.[5] The album was released in formats including a double LP and CD, with tracks divided across four sides: Side 1 (tracks 1–3), Side 2 (tracks 4–9), Side 3 (tracks 10–13), and Side 4 (tracks 14–18).[5] The following table lists the tracks in order, along with their durations.| No. | Title | Duration |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | My Name Is Prince | 6:38 |
| 2 | Sexy M.F. | 5:24 |
| 3 | Love 2 the 9's | 5:44 |
| 4 | The Morning Papers | 3:57 |
| 5 | The Max | 4:30 |
| 6 | Segue | 0:21 |
| 7 | Blue Light | 4:37 |
| 8 | I Wanna Melt with U | 3:50 |
| 9 | Sweet Baby | 4:01 |
| 10 | The Continental | 5:30 |
| 11 | Damn U | 4:24 |
| 12 | Arrogance | 1:35 |
| 13 | The Flow | 2:25 |
| 14 | 7 | 5:12 |
| 15 | And God Created Woman | 3:18 |
| 16 | 3 Chains o' Gold | 6:02 |
| 17 | Segue | 1:29 |
| 18 | The Sacrifice of Victor | 5:41 |
Release and Promotion
Album Release
The Love Symbol album was released on October 13, 1992, in the United States by Paisley Park Records and Warner Bros. Records, following an earlier European release on October 5.[5][17] The album's title is an unpronounceable glyph—officially copyrighted as "Love Symbol #2"—which Prince adopted as his new stage name upon its release, marking a deliberate shift in his public identity.[11] It was issued in multiple physical formats, including compact disc (CD), audio cassette, and double vinyl LP, catering to the dominant consumer preferences of the early 1990s.[15][13] The CD version, in particular, featured the symbol embossed in gold on the jewel case for initial pressings, enhancing its distinctive visual appeal.[5] Packaging emphasized the enigmatic title through symbolic artwork derived from the album's "7" video, with liner notes reinforcing the glyph's role as an intentional barrier to conventional naming.[5][13] Some editions included a limited gold foil slip-case digipak, drawing inspiration from prior artistic presentations and underscoring the album's thematic focus on mysticism and personal reinvention.[13] Initial distribution occurred under Prince's newly signed $100 million contract with Warner Bros., which committed him to six albums over several years but soon fueled his dissatisfaction with the label's control over his output and name.[18] This tension, already simmering during the album's rollout, highlighted the project's role as a bridge between contractual obligations and Prince's push for artistic autonomy.[11] The music was originally conceived as a soundtrack for Prince's conceptual film project 3 Chains o' Gold.[4]Singles
The Love Symbol album spawned five promotional singles, released between 1992 and 1993 to support its marketing campaign. These tracks highlighted Prince and the New Power Generation's blend of funk, pop, and R&B, with releases available primarily in CD, 7-inch, and 12-inch vinyl formats; several included censored edits to accommodate radio play due to explicit lyrics, particularly in "Sexy M.F."[19][20][21][22][23] "Sexy M.F.", the lead single, was released on June 30, 1992, preceding the album's launch. It peaked at No. 4 on the UK Singles Chart and featured "Strollin'" as its B-side on most international editions, though U.S. versions included alternative mixes like "Black M.F. in the House." The track's bold, profane chorus led to edited versions retitled "Sexy MF" for broader distribution across 12-inch vinyl and CD formats.[19][24] "My Name Is Prince", the second single, arrived on September 28, 1992, in the UK and September 29 in the U.S. Featuring rap verses by Tony M., it reached No. 7 on the UK Singles Chart and No. 36 on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100. B-sides varied by region, with "Sexy Mutha" on the U.S. 7-inch and "2 Whom It May Concern" elsewhere; maxi-singles on 12-inch and CD offered remixes such as the 12" Club Mix.[20][25] "7", released November 17, 1992, in the U.S. and November 23 in the UK, became the album's highest-charting single, peaking at No. 7 on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100. Its mystical themes and acoustic elements were echoed in the B-side, "7 (Acoustic Version)"; formats included 7-inch vinyl with the album edit and CD maxi-singles with extended mixes like "After 6."[21] "The Morning Papers", issued March 1, 1993, in the UK and April 3 in the U.S., peaked at No. 44 on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100 and No. 52 in the UK. This soulful duet featured B-sides "Live 4 Love" (from the prior album Diamonds and Pearls) on vinyl and "Love 2 the 9's" on CD editions, emphasizing romantic introspection over the album's bolder tracks.[22][25] "Peach", drawn from the album's closing funk track, was released as a standalone single on October 4, 1993, primarily to promote the concurrent Hits compilations but tied to Love Symbol material. It reached No. 14 on the UK Singles Chart and No. 7 on the U.S. Billboard Bubbling Under Hot 100 (equivalent to No. 107 overall), with B-sides including "My Name Is Prince" and "Pink Cashmere" on CD and 12-inch releases; its groovy bassline and extended jams underscored Prince's funk heritage.[23][26]Marketing and Promotion
The promotion of the Love Symbol album extended the momentum from Prince's prior Diamonds and Pearls Tour, incorporating early performances of tracks like "Sexy M.F." during the 1992 leg, and evolving into the dedicated Act I Tour in March and April 1993 across the United States, where the setlist heavily featured album material to showcase its thematic narrative.[13] This tour marked Prince's first major U.S. outing since 1988, emphasizing live renditions of songs such as "My Name Is Prince" and "7" to build audience engagement with the album's conceptual storyline.[5] The subsequent Act II Tour in Europe further amplified these efforts, playing in large stadium venues and helping propel global sales beyond three million units.[13] Central to the album's marketing was the prominent use of the unpronounceable Love Symbol glyph—not only as the titular emblem but as a visual motif in advertising campaigns, underscoring Prince's evolving artistic identity ahead of his full name change the following year.[9] This symbol appeared in print ads in publications like Billboard and Rolling Stone, as well as in promotional flyers distributed in Paris during the summer of 1992, creating intrigue around the project's mysterious branding.[5] Television tie-ins reinforced this, including a 36-minute ABC special titled Act I aired on December 18, 1992, which blended promotional videos with a mini-concert segment called "The Ryde Dyvine," while music videos for singles like "7"—nominated for an MTV Video Music Award—highlighted the symbol in surreal, narrative-driven visuals.[13] A key promotional extension came with the 1994 release of 3 Chains o' Gold, a direct-to-video collection that wove together music videos from the album into a loose cinematic plotline, serving as a narrative companion to deepen the Love Symbol storyline involving themes of romance and adventure.[9] Featuring appearances by Mayte Garcia and Kirstie Alley, the project functioned as an elaborate tie-in, compiling visuals for tracks like "My Name Is Prince" and "The Morning Papers" to extend the album's conceptual reach beyond audio.[27] Marketing efforts around explicit content sparked notable controversy, particularly with the lead single "Sexy M.F.," whose profane refrain limited U.S. radio airplay and prompted the creation of censored edits like "Sexy Mutha" for broadcast and video versions, alongside parental advisory stickers on packaging.[28] These adaptations allowed wider accessibility while navigating broadcast standards, though they underscored tensions in promoting the album's bold lyrical edge.[13] Physical promotions were constrained by emerging disputes with Warner Bros. Records under a newly signed $100 million contract, resulting in limited special editions such as a gold foil slipcase digipak for the CD, embossed with the Love Symbol and inspired by earlier artistic packaging concepts.[5] This scarcity reflected Prince's growing frustration with label control over distribution and creative output, which would soon escalate into broader conflicts.[13]Personnel and Credits
Musicians
The Love Symbol album, credited to Prince and the New Power Generation, featured Prince performing under his symbolic moniker and handling vocals along with all instruments on eight solo tracks, while collaborating with the band on the remaining selections.[5] The core New Power Generation lineup during the recording sessions included Michael Bland on drums, Sonny T. (Sonny Thompson) on bass guitar, Tommy Barbarella on keyboards, and Levi Seacer Jr. on guitar, contributing to the album's live band energy captured primarily at Paisley Park Studios from September 1991 to March 1992.[29] Additional core members rounded out the group with Tony M. (Tony Mosley) providing lead raps and vocals, Damon Dickson on percussion and background vocals, and Kirk Johnson (Kirky J.) on percussion and background vocals, fostering a dynamic interplay that emphasized the band's funk-driven cohesion during sessions.[5] Guest contributors included Mayte Garcia on vocals for select tracks, marking her introduction to Prince's recordings, as well as Kirstie Alley delivering spoken vocals in the album's narrative segues portraying reporter Vanessa Bartholomew.[29] Other additions encompassed D.J. Graves on scratching, Michael Koppelman on bass for specific tracks, and Eric Leeds on saxophone, with the five-piece NPG Hornz—Michael B. Nelson (trombone), Kathy Jensen (baritone saxophone), Dave Jensen (trumpet), Brian Gallagher (tenor saxophone), and Steve Strand (trumpet)—providing horn arrangements.[5] Carmen Electra appeared as a special guest with a rap on "Peach," alongside uncredited background vocals, while The Steeles (Fred, JD, Jearlyn, and Jevetta Steele) contributed gospel-style backing vocals on "The Sacrifice of Victor."[29] Under Prince's production leadership, these musicians blended live ensemble performances with his multi-instrumental overdubs to create the album's eclectic sound.[5]Production and Publishing
The production of the album was credited to Prince, performing under his Love Symbol moniker, along with the New Power Generation.[30] Recording took place primarily at Paisley Park Studios in Chanhassen, Minnesota, with principal engineers Peter Arata, Dave Friedlander, Ray Hahnfeldt, Michael Koppelman, Steve Noonan, and Brian Poer handling the sessions; assistant engineers included Airiq Anest, Dave Aron, and Steve Durkee.[30] Mixing duties were shared among Steve Beltran, Tom Garneau, Keith "KC" Cohen, Michael Koppelman, and Bob Rosa, with additional mixing contributions from Airiq Anest, Dave Aron, Steve Durkee, Ray Hahnfeldt, Steve Noonan, and Brian Poer; several mixes were completed at Larrabee West in West Hollywood, California, in addition to Paisley Park.[30] Publishing rights for the majority of tracks were held under Controversy Music, administered by WB Music Corp. (ASCAP), reflecting Prince's longstanding agreement with Warner Bros. Records, which governed mechanical and performance royalties for the project.[31] Specific tracks featured variations, such as "My Name Is Prince" (track 1) and the closing "Goodbye" (track 13) under NPG Publishing (ASCAP), while "Sexy M.F." (track 2) was co-published by NPG Publishing and Michael Anthony Music (ASCAP); the track "7" fell under the primary Controversy Music/WB Music Corp. arrangement.[31] Samples incorporated in certain songs, like those in "The Flow" (track 12), drew from additional publishers including Songs of Polygram International Inc./Robert Hill Music, Inc. (BMI) and Ruthless Attack Musik/Sony Songs, Inc./Bridgeport Music, Inc. (BMI).[31]Commercial Performance
Charts
The Love Symbol album demonstrated strong international chart performance following its October 1992 release, particularly in Europe where pre-release singles generated significant buzz. It debuted with notable success across multiple territories, reflecting Prince's established global appeal from prior works like Diamonds and Pearls.[5] In the United States, the album peaked at No. 5 on the Billboard 200 chart and spent 34 weeks on the ranking.[5] Internationally, it reached No. 1 on the UK Albums Chart for one week, underscoring its immediate impact in that market. The album also topped charts in Australia and Austria, achieving No. 1 positions on the ARIA Albums Chart and Ö3 Austria Top 40, respectively. It performed solidly in North America and Europe elsewhere, peaking at No. 2 on the Canadian RPM Top Albums chart and No. 6 on the Dutch Album Top 100.[5] The album's global trajectory began robustly in Europe, driven by the promotional momentum of lead singles like "7", which helped propel early chart climbs before sustained presence in subsequent weeks.[5]| Country/Chart | Peak Position | Weeks at No. 1 | Total Weeks Charting |
|---|---|---|---|
| US Billboard 200 | 5 | — | 34 |
| UK Albums Chart | 1 | 1 | 21 |
| Australian ARIA Albums | 1 | 1 | 15 |
| Austrian Ö3 Austria Top 40 | 1 | 1 | 16 |
| Canadian RPM Top Albums | 2 | — | — |
| Dutch Album Top 100 | 6 | — | 16 |