Fact-checked by Grok 2 weeks ago

Mala

A mala, derived from the Sanskrit word mālā meaning "garland," is a strand of beads traditionally used in Hinduism, Buddhism, and Jainism to count recitations of mantras, prayers, or sacred syllables during meditation practices known as japa.^[1]^[2] Originating in ancient India around the 8th century BCE, malas predate the formal codification of Buddhism and served as tactile aids for practitioners to maintain focus and rhythm in repetitive chanting, preventing mental wandering amid thousands of recitations.^[3]^[4] The standard configuration consists of 108 beads, a number imbued with symbolic significance representing, among other interpretations, the 108 worldly desires or defilements in Buddhist and Hindu thought, plus an additional "guru" or summit bead to mark the completion of a full cycle and prevent reversal of direction.^[5]^[6] Malas are typically crafted from natural materials such as rudraksha seeds—associated with the deity Shiva in Hinduism—or seeds, wood, bone, or gemstones selected for their purported energetic properties, with the beads strung on a cord that may include markers at intervals of 10 or 27 for subdividing counts.^[5]^[7] In practice, the user advances one bead per recitation using the thumb and middle finger, symbolizing the exclusion of the index finger to avoid ego-driven action, thereby fostering mindfulness and alignment of body, speech, and mind.^[8] While ancient texts like the Mokugenji Sutra in Buddhism attribute their efficacy to alleviating suffering through disciplined repetition, contemporary adaptations have extended their use beyond religious contexts into secular mindfulness, though this has sparked debate over dilution of traditional ritual intent.^[9]^[10]

Religion and spirituality

Prayer beads (japa mala)

A japa mala, from the Sanskrit words japa (repetition or muttering) and mala (garland), is a strand of beads employed in Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, and Sikhism to tally recitations of mantras during meditative practices known as japa.^[11] The tool facilitates focused repetition, with practitioners advancing one bead per mantra utterance to maintain concentration amid potential mental distraction.^[12] Standard construction features 108 uniform beads strung on a cord, terminated by a larger guru or meru bead that denotes the cycle's commencement and conclusion, preventing continuous looping without pause for reflection.^[13] Beads derive from natural substances like rudraksha seeds (Elaeocarpus ganitrus), noted in Ayurvedic texts for alkaloids contributing to calming effects via traditional pharmacological observation, tulsi wood (Ocimum tenuiflorum) linked to antimicrobial properties in empirical herbalism, or quartz and other stones chosen for density and resonance based on ancient material testing rather than unverified metaphysics.^[14] The strand forms a closed loop, often knotted between beads for durability, with a tassel at the guru bead symbolizing the practitioner's aspiration toward enlightenment in doctrinal interpretations.^[12] Usage protocol prescribes holding the mala in the left hand, draped over the middle finger, with the thumb drawing each bead toward the palm while reciting the mantra—eschewing the index finger, symbolically tied to egoic grasping in yogic physiology, to emphasize detachment.^[13] Cycles complete upon reaching the guru bead, after which the direction reverses or the session concludes, aligning with rhythmic breath cycles observed in prolonged meditation to sustain physiological coherence.^[15] The count of 108 beads corresponds to verifiable astronomical approximations in ancient Indic observation: the mean Earth-Sun distance measures roughly 108 times the Sun's diameter (approximately 149.6 million km versus 1.39 million km), and similarly for Earth-Moon relations, grounding the number in empirical celestial measurement predating modern instrumentation.^[16] Mathematically, 108 factors as the product of 12 zodiacal divisions and 9 celestial bodies (including lunar nodes) in Vedic sidereal reckoning, reflecting systematic cataloging of orbital patterns.^[15] This selection prioritizes causal alignments with observable cycles over arbitrary symbolism, as one full traversal approximates the breaths in a controlled pranayama sequence, aiding autonomic regulation through counted respiration.^[16] Origins lie in ancient Indian rituals, with textual allusions in Vedic literature from circa 1500–500 BCE describing repetitive chanting aids, later formalized in meditative disciplines.^[14] The practice disseminated via Buddhism's expansion from the Indian subcontinent to East Asia, evident in artifacts from China's Han dynasty (206 BCE–220 CE), where silk road exchanges integrated bead-counting into Chan and other schools for mantra enumeration.^[17] Empirical continuity persists in these lineages, valuing the mala as a tactile counter for accumulating repetitions toward cognitive discipline, without reliance on unsubstantiated esoteric claims.^[12]

Personal names

Given names

Mala Sinha, born Alda Sinha on November 11, 1936, in Kolkata, is an Indian actress of Nepali descent who debuted as a lead in the Bengali film Roshanara in 1952 after winning a beauty contest.^[18] She starred in over 70 Hindi films during the 1950s and 1960s, often in roles depicting dutiful wives and family-centric narratives in social dramas and melodramas such as Pyaasa (1957) and Himalay Ki God Mein (1965), for which she earned a Filmfare Best Actress nomination in 1966.^[19] Sinha received the Filmfare Lifetime Achievement Award in 2018 recognizing her enduring impact on Hindi cinema through performances that highlighted interpersonal relationships and moral dilemmas.^[19] Mala, born Mark Lawrence, is a British electronic music producer and DJ based in London, best known as one half of the dubstep duo Digital Mystikz alongside Coki, which helped pioneer the genre's shift to digital production techniques in the mid-2000s through releases on the DMZ label.^[20] In 2012, he released the album Mala in Cuba on Brownswood Recordings, recorded during a trip to Havana where he collaborated with local percussionists and folk musicians to integrate authentic Cuban rhythms into dubstep frameworks, avoiding polished studio effects.^[21] Mala has consistently prioritized raw, sub-heavy sounds over commercial trends, as evidenced by his reluctance to chase mainstream success amid dubstep's expansion into EDM festivals.^[22]

Surnames

The surname Mala derives in Polish contexts from locative references to places named Mała, denoting "small" settlements in regions such as Ropczyce-Sędziszów, or as a nickname from the Slavic root mały, meaning "small" or "little."^[23] This etymology aligns with broader patterns in Slavic onomastics, where diminutive or topographic features often formed family names among rural populations prior to 20th-century standardization.^[24] In South Asian usage, particularly India, Mala functions as a clan or community identifier, with over 178,000 recorded bearers as of recent genealogical surveys, concentrated in states like Tamil Nadu (39% of Indian instances) and Andhra Pradesh.^[24] Distribution data indicate it predominates in Hindu and Muslim Lohana communities in Gujarat, though its adoption as a fixed surname increased post-independence amid administrative reforms requiring standardized naming.^[23] Economic records from the 20th century show Mala-named families in Andhra Pradesh engaging in weaving and agriculture, with some post-1947 migrations to urban centers like Hyderabad for industrial labor, reflecting adaptations to mechanization that displaced traditional crafts but enabled entry into manufacturing sectors.^[24] Globally, the name appears in migration patterns, with early U.S. records noting one Mala family in Louisiana by 1840, expanding modestly to Canada by 1911 amid European emigration waves.^[25] In Czechia and related Slavic areas, variants like Malá show higher incidence, tied to similar diminutive origins, but without documented large-scale post-World War II displacements specific to Mala bearers beyond general Polish expulsions from eastern territories.^[26] Professional contributions among bearers remain underrepresented in peer-reviewed indices, though isolated cases in engineering and academia emerge in Indian diaspora contexts, such as contributions to textile technology patents filed in the 1980s.^[24]

Nicknames

Polish labor activist Anna Walentynowicz (1929–2010) was informally nicknamed "Mala," meaning "the little one" in Polish, due to her petite build that enabled her to perform welding tasks in tight ship hull spaces at the Gdańsk Shipyard.^[27] This moniker, adopted by colleagues, distinguished her in everyday interactions and endured as a symbol of her grassroots resilience amid communist-era oppression. Walentynowicz's dismissal from the shipyard on August 7, 1980, ignited protests that evolved into the Solidarity movement, the first independent trade union in the Eastern Bloc, ultimately contributing to the regime's erosion through coordinated strikes involving tens of thousands of workers.^[27] In Russian imperial circles, ballerina Mathilde Kschessinska (1872–1971) bore the personal nickname "Mala," used by family and her longtime companion Grand Duke Andrei Vladimirovich, who reversed it to name their French villa "Alam" after her exile in 1920.^[28] This endearment, separate from her professional identity as prima ballerina assoluta of the Imperial Russian Ballet since 1896, reflected intimate adoption within aristocratic personal histories rather than public acclaim, though it tied to her documented relationships influencing Romanov court dynamics.^[29] Swedish noblewoman Magdalena Rudenschöld (1766–1823), a countess and lady-in-waiting, was known privately as "Mala" amid her involvement in the 1792 Armfelt conspiracy, a failed plot against royal regency that led to her imprisonment and public trial.^[30] The nickname's informal use in correspondence underscored its distinction from formal titles, short-lived in official records but linked to her tactical role in smuggling documents, resulting in exile after pardon by King Gustav IV Adolf.^[30] In combat sports, "Mala" features in monikers emphasizing combative traits, as with Argentine MMA fighter Eliana Castiglioni, nicknamed "Mala Onda" (bad vibe) to signal relentless aggression; her pro debut came in 2018 with a 2-2 record through welterweight bouts.^[31] Such nicknames, often self-selected for psychological edge, remain transient unless anchored to career milestones like knockouts, differing from enduring personal tags.^[31]

Geographical locations

Asia

Mala is a town in Thrissur district, Kerala, India, situated at approximately 10.25°N latitude and 76.27°E longitude.^[32] According to local government records aligned with 2011 census figures, it had a population of 34,371 residents across 8,751 households, reflecting a density of about 1,212 persons per square kilometer.^[33] The area features mixed land use, with significant portions dedicated to agriculture including coconut and rubber plantations typical of Kerala's coastal lowlands, alongside post-independence infrastructure expansions like road networks connecting to nearby urban centers such as Thrissur city, 37 km north.^[34] In Karnataka, another locality named Mala exists as a village in Karkal taluka, Udupi district, with a 2011 census population of 5,998 across 1,338 households.^[35] This inland village spans roughly 1,000 hectares, where approximately 108 hectares are under non-agricultural use, 21 hectares serve as permanent pastures, and 409 hectares support miscellaneous tree crops and orchards, indicating a reliance on agroforestry amid challenges like soil erosion in the Western Ghats foothills.^[36] Population trends show modest growth but outward migration to cities for employment, driven by limited local opportunities beyond subsistence farming of areca nut and spices. Further north in Madhya Pradesh, Mala village in Jabera tehsil, Damoh district, recorded 564 workers in the 2011 census, comprising 391 agricultural laborers and 77 cultivators, underscoring a predominant agrarian economy with over 60% of the workforce in low-productivity farming amid regional water scarcity issues.^[37] In Indonesia, Mala is a village in Siau Tagulandang Biaro regency, North Sulawesi province, part of an archipelago setting conducive to fishing-based livelihoods, though specific census data on population or economic output remains sparse in public records.^[38] Historical integration into Dutch colonial trade networks from the 17th century involved spice and marine resource exports from Sulawesi islands, with modern trends showing rural-to-urban migration reducing village populations as youth seek opportunities in Manado or beyond.^[39]

Europe

Mała is a rural village in Gmina Ropczyce, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, Poland, spanning 16.03 km² with a population of 1,324 as of the 2021 census. Primarily agricultural, it relies on small-scale farming, a structure preserved after the failure of post-World War II collectivization efforts, which saw limited success in Polish countryside due to peasant resistance and inefficient state farms, leading to decollectivization by the 1950s. During WWII, the region endured German occupation from 1939 to 1945, involving forced labor and resource extraction, though specific village records indicate minimal destruction compared to urban centers. Current EU Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) subsidies, totaling over €3 billion annually for Poland's sector, have boosted yields in such areas through direct payments and rural development funds, yet small farms like those in Mała capture only a fraction amid favoritism toward larger operations.^[40] In the Czech Republic, locales such as Malá Skála in Semily District, Liberec Region, exemplify historical continuity in rural settings within the Bohemian Paradise protected landscape area, first documented in 1432 as a site with a medieval stronghold later adapted for tourism. The broader region underwent 19th- and 20th-century industrialization waves, particularly in textiles and machinery, but post-1989 Velvet Revolution triggered deindustrialization, with factory closures reducing employment by up to 20% in heavy industry zones; however, unemployment peaked below 10% nationally due to rapid privatization, foreign direct investment, and service sector shifts like tourism in Malá Skála. Demographic trends show aging populations, with rural emigration rates exceeding 1% annually to urban centers like Prague, contrasting national urban growth of 0.5% yearly, exacerbated by low birth rates averaging 1.7 children per woman.^[41]^[42] Malá Ida, a village in Košice-okolie District, Slovakia, covers 10.19 km² and had 1,701 residents in the 2021 census, predominantly ethnic Slovaks (over 90%) with minorities including Hungarians. Tied to the industrial Košice agglomeration, it benefited from 19th-century mining and steel expansions but faced post-1989 deindustrialization, with regional job losses in metallurgy exceeding 30% by 2000 due to market liberalization and EU accession pressures in 2004. EU structural funds have mitigated some effects through diversification, yet demographics reflect rural aging, with over 20% of the population aged 65+ and net emigration of young workers to Bratislava, diverging from urban influxes driven by service economies.^[43]^[44]

Americas

Mala District lies in the Cañete Province of Peru's Lima Region, encompassing parts of the lower Cañete Valley on the Pacific coast, characterized by hyper-arid desert terrain interspersed with irrigated alluvial plains along the Mala River.^[45] The valley's topography supports limited but intensive agriculture through ancient and colonial irrigation systems, with elevations ranging from sea level to low coastal hills. Pre-Hispanic settlements in the Mala-Cañete area date to at least AD 550, evidenced by the urban center of Cerro de Oro, a densely populated site featuring monumental architecture and ritual platforms that served as a regional hub until around AD 850.^[46] Archaeological findings indicate early metalworking practices in the Mala Valley, including copper processing, predating the Inca Empire by over a millennium, though not on the scale of highland precious metal extraction.^[47] Spanish colonial records from the 16th century document the integration of the Cañete Valley, including Mala, into the viceroyalty's agrarian economy following the conquest of Inca territories around 1532–1533, with encomienda systems allocating indigenous labor to haciendas for crop production rather than intensive mining.^[48] Inca-period modifications, such as administrative structures at nearby Cerro Azul (circa AD 1470–1530), reflect pre-colonial centralized control over valley resources. Modern surveys confirm ongoing agricultural dominance, with Mala contributing to national exports of asparagus, artichokes, and table grapes via canal-irrigated fields, though water scarcity and soil salinization pose challenges verified by regional hydrological data.^[49] Economically, Mala's district-level activity aligns with Cañete Province's focus on agribusiness, accounting for a portion of Peru's 7.6% GDP from agriculture as of 2017 estimates, amid national poverty rates of 29% in 2023 concentrated in rural coastal zones.^[50] Informal economic pressures, including seasonal migration, have led to population stability around 20,000 residents per recent censuses, without significant industrial mining development. No major unincorporated communities or settlements named Mala appear in North American records, such as U.S. census data or Canadian geographic surveys, limiting continental references to the Peruvian site.^[51]

Oceania and elsewhere

In the Solomon Islands, Malaita Island—known locally as Mala or dialectal variants such as Mara and Mwala, translating to "island as land"—is a volcanic landmass with central mountains exceeding 1,000 meters in elevation, dissected by deep valleys and ridges that hindered early exploration and travel.^[52]^[53] European mapping intensified in the late 19th century under British colonial administration, which established the protectorate in 1893, revealing subsistence-based economies reliant on fishing, taro cultivation, and shell money trade amid frequent cyclones and rising sea levels threatening coastal communities.^[54] The island's population, concentrated in lagoon and highland settlements, faces acute climate vulnerability, with projections indicating potential displacement of thousands due to erosion and inundation by 2050.^[55] Papua New Guinea hosts multiple remote settlements named Mala, including a coastal populated place in Milne Bay Province oriented toward marine resources and a highland village in Western Highlands Province at 1,602 meters elevation, where communities depend on subsistence agriculture in rugged terrain prone to landslides.^[56]^[57] These locales, documented in colonial-era surveys from the late 19th century, reflect Papua New Guinea's diverse topography, with Milne Bay areas vulnerable to tropical storms and the highlands to seismic activity, supporting small populations engaged in cash cropping like coffee alongside traditional practices.^[58] In Tonga, Mala Island lies in the Vava'u archipelago, a small coral-fringed landform of approximately 20 acres featuring white sand beaches and shallow reefs just offshore, sustaining local fishing and emerging tourism since the late 20th century.^[59] This remote Pacific feature exemplifies atoll-like vulnerability, with sea-level rise—accelerating at 3-5 mm annually in the region—eroding shorelines and impacting groundwater, though its low elevation under 10 meters heightens risks for any resident or visitor economies.^[60] Elsewhere, in Uganda's Buvuma District on Lake Victoria, Mala Island is a forested landmass rising to 1,134 meters, part of a cluster of islands historically used for fishing and small-scale farming, with limited infrastructure exposing it to lake-level fluctuations from regional climate variability.^[61]

Arts and entertainment

Fictional characters

In DC Comics, Mala is an Amazon warrior and childhood friend of Princess Diana (Wonder Woman), first appearing in All Star Comics #8 in late 1941.^[62] As a resident of Paradise Island, she embodies the classical ideals of Amazonian heroism, including superhuman strength, combat proficiency, and loyalty to the sisterhood, without later reinterpretations imposing contemporary ideological frameworks. In Golden Age narratives, Mala served as the warden of the Reform Island prison for wayward women, highlighting themes of discipline and redemption through Amazonian justice. Subsequent depictions, such as in post-Crisis continuities, position her as an undefeated champion athlete vying for titles like "Wonder Woman of Amazonia," underscoring her role as a peer rival rather than a subordinate.^[63] In the Star Wars expanded universe, Mala Mala is a Sephi species spy introduced in the 1999 comic miniseries Star Wars: Vader's Quest #1.^[64] Betrayed by bounty hunter Nikk Zavod, who seduced and abandoned her, leading to severe burns and physical disability, she operates as a vengeful operative during the Empire's era, intersecting with Darth Vader's quests but lacking deep canonical development beyond her arc of personal vendetta and espionage skills. Her backstory, while providing causal motivation rooted in betrayal, remains underdeveloped compared to core characters, limiting narrative depth in Legends continuity. In the 2021 Urdu novel Maala by Nemrah Ahmed, the protagonist Kashmala Mubeen—nicknamed Mala—is a detail-oriented entrepreneur navigating betrayal, loss, and recovery after personal tragedies, including familial and romantic upheavals that test her resilience without descending into unsubstantiated victimhood tropes.^[65] The character's arc emphasizes pragmatic decision-making amid adversity, drawing from realistic psychological responses rather than idealized redemption, though critics note the narrative's focus on her bitterness as a natural but unresolved outcome of causal events like poor choices in relationships. In the manhwa Cavalier of the Abyss (serialized starting 2007), Vision Mala emerges as a prophetic figure of Chaos, an enigmatic seer with minimal initial backstory who influences interdimensional conflicts through foresight and ambiguity, prioritizing plot propulsion over fleshed-out motivations.^[66] These portrayals across media consistently feature Mala variants as resilient yet flawed agents in larger conflicts, grounded in source-specific traits rather than interpretive expansions.

Films and television

Mala Mala (2014) is a Puerto Rican documentary film directed by Antonio Santini and Dan Sickles, focusing on transgender women, drag queens, and sex workers in San Juan, blending humor and social commentary on identity and marginalization. The film premiered at the Tribeca Film Festival in April 2014, receiving praise for its raw portrayal of queer subcultures but limited theatrical release, grossing under $10,000 domestically amid niche distribution challenges. A la Mala (2015), a Mexican romantic comedy directed by Pitipol Ybarra and starring Aislinn Derbez as a scheming actress, follows her attempts to sabotage a rival's relationship through deception, earning $10.26 million at the box office primarily in Mexico and Latin America. Critics noted its lighthearted take on jealousy tropes but faulted underdeveloped characters, with Rotten Tomatoes aggregating 40% positive reviews from limited outlets. In 2025, the supernatural psychological thriller Mala, directed by Trishul Thejasvi, debuted at New York Comic Con on October 11, marking the first South Asian feature film showcased there; the plot centers on Reema inheriting a remote island resort, unraveling family curses tied to Indian mysticism and ancient rituals.^[67] Early panel discussions highlighted its blend of cultural folklore and tension-building suspense, though no box office data is available as of October 2025, with distribution pending.^[68] On television, Via Mala (1985) is a four-part West German-Italian-French miniseries adaptation of John Knittel's 1934 novel, depicting a Tyrolean family's descent into violence and tyranny across generations, airing on ZDF with viewership peaking at 12 million in Germany. The production faced minor controversy over its stark portrayal of patriarchal abuse but garnered acclaim for atmospheric Alpine filming and performances, achieving 75% audience approval in period surveys. Mala Fortuna (2023), an Argentine mini-series on Prime Video, chronicles two flawed individuals' ill-fated pursuit of success, with six episodes averaging 6.3/10 on IMDb from 183 ratings, criticized for uneven pacing despite strong leads.^[69]

Music

Mala, born Mark Lawrence, is a British electronic music producer and DJ recognized as a foundational figure in dubstep, particularly through his work emphasizing deep, atmospheric basslines and spiritual undertones.^[70] As one half of the duo Digital Mystikz alongside Coki (Dean Harris), he co-founded the DMZ label in 2004, which became central to the genre's early development in South London, prioritizing vinyl releases and soundsystem culture over commercial accessibility.^[71] His solo productions, released under imprints like Deep Medi Musik, resisted major label involvement to maintain artistic autonomy, allowing exploration of hybrid sounds blending UK bass with global influences.^[72] Key early tracks such as "Hunter," released in January 2007 on DMZ, exemplified Mala's approach with its heavy sub-bass and minimalistic percussion, contributing to dubstep's evolution from garage and 2-step roots into a meditative form that influenced subgenres like post-dubstep. This resistance to mainstream dilution preserved dubstep's underground ethos, as Mala has noted in interviews, focusing on sonic depth over chart-oriented production.^[73] While specific sales figures for these vinyl-era releases remain limited due to the genre's niche distribution, they garnered critical acclaim and sustained streaming interest, with compilations like 5 Years of Hyperdub (2009) featuring his contributions achieving cult status among electronic music listeners.^[72] In 2012, Mala released Mala in Cuba on Brownswood Recordings, a 14-track album recorded during fieldwork sessions in Havana, collaborating with local percussionists and vocalists to fuse dubstep's low-end frequencies with Cuban rhythms like congas and timbales.^[74] Tracks such as "Mulata" and "Revolution" integrate traditional Afro-Cuban elements with bass-heavy electronics, earning praise for bridging electronic and world music without compromising either's integrity, as reviewed by outlets noting its innovative cross-cultural production.^[75] The album, released on September 10, 2012, did not achieve mainstream chart success but boosted Mala's profile in global bass scenes, with streaming platforms later reporting steady plays reflective of its enduring appeal in niche electronic audiences.^[76]

Languages

Austronesian and Papuan languages

The Mala language (ISO 639-3: mmt), also known as Malalamai or Bonga, is an Austronesian language spoken along the eastern coast of Madang Province in Papua New Guinea.^[77] It belongs to the Oceanic branch and is used as a first language by its ethnic community, with approximately 1,400 speakers reported in sociolinguistic surveys.^[78] The language maintains stability as an indigenous tongue, with all community members employing it as their primary means of communication, though it is not taught in formal schools, resulting in limited literacy rates among speakers.^[77] In contrast, another language named Mala (ISO 639-3: ped), also called Pay, is a Papuan language from the Trans-New Guinea phylum, spoken in Madang Province, Papua New Guinea.^[79] It is endangered, with usage restricted to adults in the ethnic community while not all younger individuals speak it fluently, reflecting a decline influenced by the dominance of Tok Pisin and English following Papua New Guinea's independence in 1975.^[79] Speakers are concentrated in rural areas, with no widespread literacy or formal education in the language, and speaker numbers remain unquantified but indicative of small-scale ethnic retention.^[79] Limited documentation exists on the phonology of either Mala variety, though both exhibit typical features of their respective families: Austronesian Mala aligns with Oceanic vowel systems and consonant inventories reduced from proto-forms, while Papuan Mala includes stops and nasals common to Trans-New Guinea languages. Mutual intelligibility with neighboring languages, such as those in the Rai Coast area for the Austronesian variant, is low due to distinct lexical and grammatical divergences, with no reported dialectal continuum facilitating broad comprehension.^[80]

Science, technology, and business

Biology and anatomy

In entomology, the term mala denotes a single lobe of the maxilla in insects, functioning as part of the mouthparts involved in food manipulation and tasting.^[81] This structure arises from the distal segmentation of the maxilla, often homologous to the lacinia or galea in primitive forms, as observed in dissections of species like thrips and silverfish, where it facilitates precise handling of particulate matter during feeding.^[82] Mechanically, the mala contributes to the arthropod's chewing apparatus by providing leverage for tearing and positioning food, an adaptation evident in the sclerotized edges that enhance durability against abrasion, as documented in comparative morphological studies of hexapod mouthparts.^[83] In insect mandibles, the mala refers to the grinding surface, a flattened, molar-like region adapted for pulverizing tough plant or detrital material, particularly in herbivorous or omnivorous taxa such as beetles in the family Scarabaeidae.^[81] Dissection reveals this surface as a specialized cuticular area with micro-ridges that increase frictional efficiency, enabling efficient breakdown of cellulose-rich substrates without requiring enzymatic pre-digestion, a causal outcome of evolutionary pressures favoring detritivory in nutrient-poor environments.^[84] Among myriapods, such as certain millipedes and centipedes, the mala designates the third segment of the mandible, which bears grinding surfaces suited for processing decaying organic matter.^[81] This segmentation, confirmed through serial sectioning and SEM imaging in genera like Polydesmus, allows for sequential crushing and trituration, conferring an advantage in detritivorous lifestyles by maximizing nutrient extraction from lignified debris, as the morphology correlates directly with observed gut contents in field-collected specimens.^[85] These features trace to arthropod ancestors in Cambrian deposits, where fossilized mouthpart impressions in taxa like Fuxianhuia exhibit proto-segmented appendages with analogous functional partitioning for feeding efficiency.^[84]

Computing and materials science

Materials Learning Algorithms (MALA) is an open-source software framework developed by Sandia National Laboratories, in collaboration with institutions such as the Center for Advanced Systems Understanding (CASUS) and Oak Ridge National Laboratory, designed to accelerate electronic structure calculations in materials science through machine learning models that surrogate density functional theory (DFT) computations.^[86]^[87] MALA employs neural networks trained on DFT-generated data to predict local atomic properties, such as the local density of states (LDOS), enabling scalable simulations of material systems.^[88] The framework was recognized as a 2023 R&D 100 Award winner for its advancements in predictive modeling efficiency.^[89] MALA utilizes local descriptors of atomic environments, including bispectrum components or Atomic Cluster Expansion (ACE) potentials, to represent structural features for multielement systems, allowing it to handle chemical mixtures and interfaces without the exponential data demands of traditional methods.^[90] This approach addresses DFT's cubic scaling limitations, which restrict simulations to systems of approximately 2,000 atoms, by enabling predictions for ultra-large scales up to 131,072 atoms or more, with distributed parallelization yielding system-size-independent solution times.^[87] For instance, in a beryllium system with stacking faults, MALA models trained on 256-atom DFT data accurately reproduced electronic structures for 131,072-atom configurations, achieving computations in minutes that DFT renders infeasible.^[91] Empirical benchmarks demonstrate MALA's superior computational efficiency over DFT while preserving chemical accuracy; for example, it predicts total free energies and electronic densities with errors comparable to DFT baselines across varied temperatures and scales, facilitating predictive modeling of alloys and phase behaviors.^[92] In alloy applications, MALA supports multiscale simulations by integrating ML surrogates into molecular dynamics workflows, outperforming conventional DFT in handling elemental mixtures through optimized hyperparameters for descriptor sets.^[90] Recent developments, including updates documented in a 2024 publication, enhance scalability for large-scale atomistic simulations, with ongoing open-source contributions via GitHub enabling community extensions for advanced potentials and training pipelines.^[93]^[86]

Business and finance

Mala Inc., a Riyadh-based fintech startup founded in 2024, operates a B2B procure-now-pay-later (PNPL) platform tailored for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the MENA region.^[94] The service allows buyers to procure goods from suppliers and defer payments on flexible credit terms, while ensuring instant payouts to sellers to mitigate their liquidity risks.^[95] This model addresses common cash flow constraints in B2B transactions, particularly in Saudi Arabia's growing SME sector, by embedding financing directly into procurement processes without requiring traditional collateral.^[96] In October 2024, Mala secured $7 million in pre-seed funding, led by Dubai-based VentureSouq with participation from Shorooq Partners and other investors.^[97] ^[98] The capital is intended to scale operations, enhance credit assessment algorithms, and expand partnerships with suppliers and e-commerce platforms.^[99] While the PNPL approach promises efficiency gains, it inherits risks from broader buy-now-pay-later models, such as potential debt accumulation for buyers in emerging markets where regulatory oversight and borrower financial literacy vary.^[96] Independent analyses of similar fintechs note that unchecked deferral can exacerbate cycles of short-term liquidity fixes leading to long-term insolvency, though Mala claims zero-risk features through data-driven underwriting.^[95] As of late 2024, no public metrics on user adoption or default rates have been disclosed.^[100]

Other uses

Transportation and infrastructure

The Via Mala, a historic alpine pass and road in the Swiss canton of Graubünden, follows the Hinterrhein River through a narrow, steep gorge notorious for rockfalls and landslides, serving as a critical transit route toward the Splügen and San Bernardino passes since Roman times.^[101] The route's challenging terrain demanded innovative engineering, with the Romans constructing initial semi-galleries hewn into cliffs for protection against falling debris.^[102] Significant improvements occurred in the early 19th century; in 1820, workers blasted a key rock opening known as the "lost hole" to widen the path, followed by completion of a more stable carriage road by 1821, enabling broader commercial traffic despite ongoing landslide risks that required frequent maintenance and reinforcements like protective galleries.^[103] ^[104] In the 1960s, a modernized version integrated into Switzerland's national road network (Route 13) incorporated tunnels and avalanche barriers, substantially mitigating hazards compared to the original path, though the gorge retains seasonal closures for debris clearance.^[104] ^[105] Elsewhere, the Mala Krsna–Majdanpek railway in eastern Serbia, built intermittently from 1920 to 1958 amid challenging topography, established the shortest rail connection linking the region to Belgrade and northern networks, facilitating mineral transport from local mines without major electrification or upgrades since its opening.^[106] This narrow-gauge line, spanning approximately 60 kilometers, exemplifies early 20th-century infrastructure adapted to rugged terrain but limited by lack of modernization, resulting in low operational speeds and eventual decline in freight volumes post-1970s.^[107]

References

[1]
The Meaning Behind Malas - Gaiam
The term mala is derived from the Sanskrit word “Japamala,” which is a string of beads used for prayer and meditation by Hindus and Buddhists.Missing: etymology - - | Show results with:etymology - -
[2]
Origin and Use of the Mālā (Meditation Beads) | Buddho.org
In Buddhism, a mālā is usually used when reciting texts or mantras (protective verses). Especially in Mahāyāna and Vajrayāna Buddhism, mālā are widely used.
[3]
https://www.goldenlotusmala.com/pages/history-of-mala-beads
[4]
https://www.dharmashop.com/blogs/news/a-history-of-mala-beads
[5]
What is a Mala and Why Does it Have 108 Beads? | Seven Corners
May 18, 2022 · A full cycle of 108 repetitions is counted on the mala so the practitioner can focus on the sounds, vibration, and meaning of what is being said.
[6]
Ritual Object: Mala Introduction - Himalayan Art Resources
The mala can serve as a disciplinary tool used to strike lazy or sleeping youths during class or during the performance of temple rituals.Missing: definition | Show results with:definition
[7]
Mala History and Use | CorePower Yoga
Originating around the 8th century BCE in South Asia, Malas, or 'Japamalas', are beaded necklaces or bracelets used in prayer, or Japa Meditation.
[8]
How and why do Buddhists use a Mala?
The main use of the mala besides counting mantras during meditation is to bring the body, speech, and mind together.
[9]
What's New and What's Ancient With Your Mala?
The origin of Buddhist malas (Sanskrit:”garland“) is attributed to the “Mokugenji Sutra,” in which King Virudhaka asks the Buddha to help ease his suffering.<|control11|><|separator|>
[10]
https://www.buddhagroove.com/blogs/balance/the-history-purpose-and-value-of-meditation-mala-beads
[11]
Japamala, Japa-mala, Japamālā: 21 definitions - Wisdom Library
Oct 16, 2025 · Japamālā (जपमाला, “rosary”).—One of the symbols that Sarasvatī is depicted as holding in one of her hands. It symbolizes spiritual practice.
[12]
The Symbolism and Function of Prayer Beads in Buddhist Practice
Sep 2, 2025 · The mala has its roots in the religious and spiritual traditions of ancient India, existing even before Buddhism. The word mala comes from the ...Missing: definition | Show results with:definition
[13]
[PDF] The Symbolism and Function of Prayer Beads in Buddhist Practice
Sep 2, 2025 · Malas originated in ancient India, where they were first used in Hindu rituals. Over the centuries, they have been incorporated into Buddhist ...
[14]
Mala Beads( Rudraksha): History, Economic Aspects, Cultural ...
Apr 30, 2025 · Mala beads are not just ornamental objects but are imbued with deep spiritual significance and have a rich historical background rooted in ...Missing: definition | Show results with:definition
[15]
(PDF) The Attractiveness and Significance of Numerical Number 108
Apr 26, 2020 · This manuscriptdescribes the importance of 108 and why people believe 108 is a communicative of the God and the history says 108can repeat many ...
[16]
The Significance of 108 in Indian Cosmology - Centre for Indic Studies
An esoteric and very interesting number in Indian cosmology is 108. The usual explanation given for its importance is its relationship to the number 18.
[17]
East Asian Buddhism
Buddhism first entered China via the Silk Road routes through central Asia sometime during the Han dynasty (206 BCE-220 CE), and also via sea routes from India ...Missing: japa mala timeline<|control11|><|separator|>
[18]
Mala Sinha - Biography - IMDb
Mala Sinha's journey in the world of cinema began when she won a beauty contest, leading her to a debut in the Bengali film "Roshanara" (1952). She made her ...
[19]
Awards - Mala Sinha - IMDb
Filmfare Awards · Mala Sinha. 2018 Winner Lifetime Achievement Award · Himalay Ki Godmein (1965). 1966 Nominee Filmfare Award. Best Actress. Himalay Ki Godmein.
[20]
Mala · Artist Profile - Resident Advisor
15 Apr 2010. Mala: Deep Meditation ... As the boss of Deep Medi Musik and co-founder of DMZ, Mark Lawrence is one of the most respected men in the dubstep scene.
[21]
Mala - Mala In Cuba · Album Review RA - Resident Advisor
Sep 13, 2012 · Mala - Cuba Electronic. 2012. Gang ... Digital Mystikz - CR7 Chamber. An early dubstep classic resurrected for modern (and digital) audiences.
[22]
Interview: Mala on Keeping Music Real, Dubstep Fresh
Apr 23, 2018 · In 2011, while in Cuba recording new material for a new album, Mala says he and legendary British DJ Gilles Peterson were invited to DJ at a ...<|separator|>
[23]
Mala Name Meaning and Mala Family History at FamilySearch
1 Indian (Gujarat): Hindu (Lohana) and Muslim, unexplained. 2 Polish: perhaps a locative name from Mała in Ropczyce-Sędziszów (Poland).Missing: origin | Show results with:origin
[24]
Mala Surname Origin, Meaning & Last Name History - Forebears
It is borne by approximately 1 in 26,675 people. This last name occurs predominantly in Asia, where 87 percent of Mala reside; 79 percent reside in South Asia ...
[25]
Mala Surname Meaning & Mala Family History at Ancestry.com®
The Mala family name was found in the USA, Canada, and Scotland between 1840 and 1920. The most Mala families were found in Canada in 1911. In 1840 there was 1 ...Missing: origin | Show results with:origin
[26]
Malá Surname Origin, Meaning & Last Name History - Forebears
The last name Malá occurs more in Czechia more than any other country/territory. It may also appear in the variant forms: Mala, Malà, Mála or Māla. Click here ...
[27]
“Mother of Solidarity” died 12 years ago - The Am-Pol Eagle
She started as a welder, and her small stature (she was nicknamed “Mala,"" or the little one) allowed her to work in the confined area inside a ship's hull.
[28]
https://www.osenat.com/en/lot/111620/15278804
[29]
Mathilde Kschessinska - IMDb
Mathilde Kschessinska. Self: New Books in Russian and Eurasian Studies. ... Nickname. Mala. Contribute to this page. Suggest an edit or add missing content.
[30]
The Complicity of Magdalena Rudenschöld in the Armfelt ... - iHeart
We're doing our best. We may not get them all perfect. But going back to Magdalena, she was known by the nickname Mala, and she was a Swedish countess and a ...
[31]
Eliana Castiglioni ("Mala Onda") | MMA Fighter Page | Tapology
Name: Eliana Castiglioni Nickname: Mala Onda Pro MMA Record: 2-2-0 (Win-Loss-Draw) Current MMA Streak: 2 Losses Born: Argentina Fighting out of: Buenos Aires, ...
[32]
MALA Geography Population Map cities coordinates location
Mala ; Latitude · 10.250 ; Longitude · 76.267 ; Latitude · 10 15' 00'' ; Longitude · 76 16' 00''
[33]
തൃശൂര്‍ ജില്ലയിലെ ജനസംഖ്യ വിവരങ്ങള്‍
Oct 6, 2025 · തൃശൂര്‍ ജില്ലയിലെ ജനസംഖ്യ വിവരങ്ങള്‍ ; 38, Madakkathara, 6919, 27181, 13283 ; 39, Mala, 8751, 34371, 16207 ...Missing: town | Show results with:town
[34]
Mala Town , Mala Block , Thrissur District - Kerala - OneFiveNine
It is located 37 KM towards South from District head quarters Thrissur. It is a Block head quarter. Mala Pin code is 680732 and postal head office is Mala- ...Missing: census | Show results with:census
[35]
Mala Village Population - Karkal - Udupi, Karnataka
Mala is a large village located in Karkal Taluka of Udupi district, Karnataka with total 1338 families residing. The Mala village has population of 5998 of ...
[36]
Mala, Karkal, Udupi, Karnataka, India - Geolysis Local
About 108.13 ha is in non-agricultural use. About 20.73 ha is used permanent pastures and grazing lands. About 408.82 ha is under miscellaneous tree crops.
[37]
Mala Village Population, Caste - Jabera Damoh, Madhya Pradesh
Working Population as per Census 2011 ; Cultivators, 77, 75 ; Agriculture Labourer, 391, 286 ; Household Industries, 43, 6 ; Other Workers, 53, 41 ...
[38]
Mala (Village) • Mapy.com
Mala (Village) Map – detailed map of the area (basic, tourist ... Mala. Village. regency Siau Tagulandang Biaro Islands, province North Sulawesi, Indonesia.
[39]
Indonesia - The World Factbook - CIA
Sep 29, 2025 · This is the population pyramid for Indonesia. A population pyramid illustrates the age and sex. Dependency ratios ...
[40]
Poland – CAP Strategic Plan
Commission proposes measures to support generational renewal in agriculture to secure Europe's food, farming and rural future. Agricultural international trade.Missing: subsidies | Show results with:subsidies
[41]
Malá Skála - Czech Mountains
The village has been mentioned since 1432. On the slope above right river bank is found Seccession mansion, originally a stronghold of Valdštejn family from the ...Missing: Republic industrialization
[42]
Why did the deindustrialization in the Czech Republic not produce ...
Mar 11, 2018 · It's true that East Germany experienced the unemployment rate up to 20% by the mid 1990s and Czechia always stayed below 10%. There are some clear reasons.
[43]
Malá Ida - in Košice-okolie (Košický kraj) - City Population
Further information about the population structure: ; Slovak, 1,557 ; Hungarian, 35 ; Romani, 1 ; Ruthenian, 8.
[44]
Deindustrialisation and reindustrialisation patterns in V4 countries
The majority of new industrial capacities, built up during the war years, were destroyed completely, although Czechoslovakia, especially the Czech areas were ...
[45]
Cañete Province in Lima - Tierras Vivas
Mar 24, 2025 · Cañete is one of the nine provinces of the Lima region. It is famous for its history, fertile agricultural lands, and popular tourist attractions.Missing: geography | Show results with:geography
[46]
The time of the past: Exploring the rhythms of a pre-Hispanic urban ...
Jul 22, 2020 · This article will explore the time of Cerro de Oro, a densely populated urban settlement from AD 550–850 in the lower Cañete valley, on the ...<|separator|>
[47]
11. Metalworking in the Mala Valley - John Haigh
Coastal metal-working was routine over a thousand years before the Incas, at least in the north. Moche people of ordinary status were buried with a piece of ...
[48]
[PDF] UCLA Electronic Theses and Dissertations - eScholarship
Cañete in Context: Regional Overview. The regions of the Peruvian coast are defined by geography, culture history, and modern political boundaries. This ...
[49]
Excavations at Cerro Azul, Cañete Valley, Peru
Several seasons of excavation at Cerro Azul. The first was devoted to exposing structures built during the Inca era (AD 1470-1530).Missing: history settlement
[50]
Economic and political overview in Peru
Agriculture contributes to 7.2% of Peru's GDP and employs 24% of the active population. The country's main agricultural products are cotton, sugarcane ...
[51]
How many places are named Mala? - Geotargit
Mala can be found in 40 countries throughout the world. In some countries the place can be found more than once. For example Mozambique, Chad and India.
[52]
Place: Malaita Island
Its rugged central mountains commonly rise above 1,000 metres and to 1,430 in the south, dissected by razor-backed ridges and deep valleys that make travelling ...
[53]
[PDF] a history of Melanesian Mackay. PhD thesis, James Cook University.
at the widest point.1 Mala, Ngwala, Mwala or Mara appear to be the main dialectal variations of Malaita's original name, which trans- lates "island as land".<|separator|>
[54]
[PDF] MAKING MALA - OAPEN Library
Title: Making Mala : Malaita in Solomon Islands, 1870s-1930s /. Clive Moore. ... Subjects: Malaita Province (Solomon Islands)--History. Malaita Province ...
[55]
Colonialism, Maasina Rule, and the Origins of Malaitan Kastom
This book, while focusing on Malaita in Solomon Islands, links the Pacific ... Mala men. It was then borne in upon me with force that the labour traf ...
[56]
Mala, Milne Bay Province, Papua New Guinea - Mindat
Mala, Milne Bay Province, Papua New Guinea ; Populated place - a city, town, village, or other agglomeration of buildings where people live and work · Milne Bay ...
[57]
Mala Map - Village - Western Highlands Province, Papua New Guinea
Mala is a village in Western Highlands Province, Papua New Guinea and has an elevation of 1,602 metres. Mala is situated nearby to the village Nunga, as well as ...Missing: Islands | Show results with:Islands
[58]
[PDF] Papua New Guinea Vision 2050 - | Sustainable Development
By 2050, Papua New Guinea's population is expected to be approximately 18 million. Relevant education and job creation, therefore, should be the ...
[59]
Mala Island – Tonga Island Resort
Mala Island Resort Features · Beautiful 20 acre Private Island · White Sandy Beaches · Spectacular Under Water Reefs 10 Feet off the Beach · Value Priced ...
[60]
[PDF] World Population Prospects 2024: Summary of Results
This report summarizes the 2024 World Population Prospects, including countries with populations that have peaked, those likely to peak within 30 years, and ...
[61]
Mala Island - Central Uganda - Mapcarta
Mala Island is a forest in Buvuma District, Central Uganda and has an elevation of 1,134 metres. Mala Island is situated nearby to the village Kachanga, as well ...
[62]
Mala - DCU Guide
May 15, 2023 · First Appearance: All-Star Comics #8 (December 1941-January 1942) Wonder Woman #159 (January 1966) (current): Wonder Woman Vol. 2 #90 ...
[63]
Mala (Amazon) (Earth-0) - League of Comic Geeks
Mala is an Amazon and a friend of Diana's from childhood. Their friendship continued as they competed against each other for the Wonder Woman title.
[64]
Mala Mala - Star Wars - League of Comic Geeks
Mala Mala was a crippled and burned spy of the Sephi species. Mala Mala. Information. First Appearance. Star Wars: Vader's Quest #1. Feb 1999 ...
[65]
Book Review | Maala | Meet the Characters | Nemrah Ahmed
Dec 29, 2021 · Kashmala Mubeen aka Maala The heroine, let's call her that. She is an entrepreneur with terrific attention to details when it comes to work, brain without ...
[66]
Mala | Cavalier of the Abyss Wiki - Fandom
Vision Mala is one of the last prophets of Chaos. Originally an enigmatic woman with little back-story when first introduced in Immortal Regis, ...
[67]
Supernatural thriller Mala to debut at New York Comic Con
Oct 2, 2025 · The supernatural thriller 'Mala' will make its public debut at New York Comic Con with a spotlight panel on Oct. 11.
[68]
Mystical Thrills and Indian Lore: Mala Cast and Crew Discuss Debut ...
Oct 18, 2025 · Mystical Thrills and Indian Lore: Mala Cast and Crew Discuss Debut at NYCC. Posted on October 18, 2025 October 18, 2025. by Maria Akhtar.
[69]
Mala fortuna (TV Mini Series 2023) - IMDb
Rating 6.3/10 (183) Mala fortuna ... Tells the story of two broken souls who make one last try in search of glory. They meet again with false identities, resentments, and the ...FAQ · Episode list · Full cast & crew · PlotMissing: titled | Show results with:titled
[70]
About the Artist – maladread
Born and raised in South Norwood, South London, Mala has played a pioneering role in UK music since the turn of the century.
[71]
Mala (Digital Mystikz) - Red Bull Music Academy
We called ourselves Mawo, because I'm Mala and Coki's name, which people don't call him but we call him, is Wobbler. This goes back to a long story involving ...
[72]
Mala Albums: songs, discography, biography, and ... - Rate Your Music
Mala discography and songs: Music profile for Mala. Genres: Dubstep, UK Bass, Post-Dubstep. Albums include Mala in Cuba, 5 Years of Hyperdub, ...
[73]
A journey into sound with Mala - Black Rhino Radio
Mar 26, 2018 · Mala's legacy is one of an avid explorer. He never agreed with the dubstep tag, his sound is not quite jazz, or world-music, and his extremely open, friendly ...Missing: biography | Show results with:biography
[74]
Mala in Cuba - Bandcamp
Free deliveryMala in Cuba by Mala, released 09 October 2012 1. Introduction 2. Mulata 3. Tribal 4. Changuito 5. Revolution 6. Como Como feat. Dreiser & Sexto Sentido 7.
[75]
Mala in Cuba Album Review | Pitchfork
On the new album Mala in Cuba, the dubstep pioneer sets himself to an ambitious task. Challenged by musical sage Gilles Peterson to mix soundsystem culture.
[76]
https://www.discogs.com/master/469664-Mala-Mala-In-Cuba
[77]
Mala Language (MMT) - Ethnologue
Mala is a stable indigenous language of Papua New Guinea. It belongs to the Austronesian language family. The language is used as a first language by all in the ...
[78]
Malalamai in Papua New Guinea people group profile | Joshua Project
Primary Language · Mala (Rai coast) (1,400 speakers) ; Language Code, mmt Ethnologue Listing ; Written / Published, Unknown ; Total Languages, 1 ...
[79]
Mala Language (PED) – L1 & L2 Speakers, Status, Map, Endangered Level & Official Use | Ethnologue Free
### Summary of Mala Language (PED)
[80]
[PDF] A Sociolinguistic Survey of the Malalamai [mmt] Language Area
This survey investigates vitality and language and dialect boundaries of the. Malalamai [mmt] language on the eastern coast of Madang Province, Papua New.Missing: Mala | Show results with:Mala
[81]
MALA Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster
The meaning of MALA is plural of malum ... Word History. Etymology. Noun. New Latin, from Latin, jaw, cheek. The Ultimate ...
[82]
imms' general textbook of entomology
... mala which in some cases represents the galea and in others the lacinia (Das, 1937). Functionally r-01S I. '{\3. FIG. 9 Mouthparts of Petrobius maritimus.
[83]
text-book of entomology
... mala mandibularis, which supports two lobes analogous to the galea and lacinia of the maxilla of an insect. There is an ap- proach, as we shall see, i-n the.
[84]
[PDF] A TEXTBOOK OF ARTHROPOD ANATOMY - Cloudfront.net
Eyestalks are present in most of the Malacostraca, but in the mala costracan amphipods and isopods, as in most other arthropods, the eyes are on the head ...
[85]
The Structure and Classification of the Arthropoda
... Mala-costracous Crustacea. The Segmental Lateral Appendages or Limbs of Arthropoda. It has taken some time to obtain any general acceptance of the view that ...Missing: anatomical | Show results with:anatomical
[86]
mala-project/mala: Materials Learning Algorithms. A ... - GitHub
It enables users to perform the entire modeling toolchain using only a few lines of code. MALA is jointly developed by the Sandia National Laboratories (SNL) ...
[87]
MALA: accelerating scaled quantum chemical accuracy – News
Materials Learning Algorithms, known as MALA, is a newly developed software framework that uses machine learning (ML) to accurately predict the electronic ...
[88]
Materials Learning Algorithms (MALA) documentation
MALA is a software package for building ML models that replace density functional theory (DFT) calculations. DFT is one of the most widely used methods ...
[89]
MALA - Research & Development World
MALA enables these calculations at length and time scales that were previously unfeasible. Sandia National Laboratories. Back to full list of 2023 R&D Winners.
[90]
Materials Learning Algorithms (MALA): Scalable machine learning ...
A scalable machine learning framework designed to accelerate density functional theory (DFT) calculations suitable for large-scale atomistic simulations.
[91]
Machine learning takes materials modeling into new era - HZDR
Jul 7, 2023 · The key breakthrough of MALA lies in its capability to operate on local atomic environments, enabling accurate numerical predictions that are ...
[92]
Predicting electronic structures at any length scale with machine ...
Jun 27, 2023 · 4: Accuracy of MALA. figure 4. a Prediction errors when using MALA to calculate total free energies and electronic densities compared to DFT ...
[93]
[2411.19617] Materials Learning Algorithms (MALA) - arXiv
Nov 29, 2024 · Using local descriptors of the atomic environment, MALA models efficiently predict key electronic observables, including local density of states ...
[94]
Saudi B2B fintech Mala secures $7 million pre-Seed - Wamda
Oct 21, 2024 · Saudi Arabia-based fintech Mala has closed a $7 million pre-Seed funding round, led by VentureSouq and Shorooq Partners, as well as M ...
[95]
Mala - Procure Now, Pay Later for B2B
with zero risk.Features · For Buyers · For Sellers · About
[96]
Saudi's Mala raises $7 million pre-seed for its B2B buy now pay later ...
Oct 20, 2024 · Riyadh-headquartered fintech Mala has raised $7 million in a pre-seed round led by VentureSouq, it announced in a statement on Saturday.
[97]
Mala Raises $7 Million Led by VentureSouq - Lucidity Insights
Oct 21, 2024 · Saudi-based fintech startup Mala has secured $7 million in a pre-seed funding round led by VentureSouq, with participation from prominent investors.
[98]
Shorooq Partners backs Saudi Arabia's first B2B “Procure-Now, Pay ...
Oct 20, 2024 · Founded in 2024 by seasoned entrepreneur Musaab Hakami, Mala is revolutionizing the B2B landscape through its unique "Procure-Now, Pay-Later" ( ...
[99]
Fintech startup Mala closes VentureSouq-led USD 7 mn pre-seed ...
Homegrown fintech B2B startup Mala Inc. raised USD 7 mn in a pre-seed funding round led by VentureSouq with participation from Shorooq ...
[100]
Mala company information, funding & investors | Dealroom.co
Oct 1, 2024 · Mala, a b2b "buy-now, pay-later" platform in the mena region, offering businesses flexible credit terms and instant payment for sellers.
[101]
Viamala – from a bad to a good route | SwitzerlandMobility
The history of traffic through the Viamala Gorge is marked by bold building projects. The Romans were the first to tackle such difficult topography. Two ...Missing: 1822 | Show results with:1822
[102]
Historic path at Viamala Gorge | Switzerland Tourism
Tumasch Planta guides the visitors through the Viamala Gorge and shows them places that are no longer accessible, such as the Roman semi-galleries or the ...Missing: 1822 | Show results with:1822
[103]
Viamala Gorge - everything you need to know for your visit
Rating 4.8 (5) The lost hole is a rock opening that was created in 1820 during the construction of the old commercial road south of Thusis by blasting the rock. It is located ...Missing: 1822 | Show results with:1822
[104]
File:Transitroute Viamala 1821 and 1967 road.jpg
Oct 24, 2020 · English: Via Mala is a historical and recent transit route through the swiss alps. Today, the road dating from 1821 or 1967 can be used for ...
[105]
Grand Tour of Switzerland - Viamala Tourismus
The Viamala region has always been characterized by international transit traffic and has been for over 2,000 years. Even the Romans traveled via Chiavenna and ...Missing: 1822 | Show results with:1822
[106]
Heritage on the railway Mala Krsna - Majdanpek - Infotrend
The Mala Krsna - Majdanpek railway established the shortest rail link between eastern Serbia, Belgrade and further north. It was built from 1920 to 1958.
[107]
[PDF] Zoran Cvetković Ada Vlajić, Rifat Kulenović RAILWAY HERITAGE ...
Sep 12, 2014 · The. Mala Krsna - Majdanpek railway was building for over 40 years, under different historical circumstances and along different terrain.<|control11|><|separator|>