Mile run
The mile run is a middle-distance track and field event comprising a single statute mile, precisely 1,609.344 metres (or 1,760 yards), contested on a standard outdoor track over approximately four laps from a staggered start in the inside lane.[1] It represents the only imperial (non-metric) distance officially recognized and ratified for world records by World Athletics, the sport's global governing body, despite the widespread adoption of metric measurements in international athletics.[1][2] Originating in 19th-century England as a professional pedestrian racing distance often tied to gambling, the mile gained enduring popularity for its blend of speed and endurance, evolving into a staple of amateur competitions in English-speaking nations like the United Kingdom and United States.[1] The event achieved iconic status on May 6, 1954, when British medical student Roger Bannister became the first to break the four-minute barrier with a time of 3:59.4 at Iffley Road Track in Oxford, a feat that captured global imagination and symbolized human potential in athletics.[3] Although absent from the Olympic Games and World Athletics Championships—where the closely related 1,500-metre race (109.344 metres shorter) serves as the equivalent—the mile remains a highlight in indoor meets, high school and collegiate competitions (particularly in the U.S.), and prestigious road races like the Fifth Avenue Mile.[4] Current world records stand at 3:43.13 for men, set by Morocco's Hicham El Guerrouj on July 7, 1999, in Rome, Italy, and 4:07.64 for women, achieved by Kenya's Faith Kipyegon on July 21, 2023, in Monaco.[2][5] The mile's tactical nature, often featuring pace-setters and late-race surges, underscores its allure as a "mystery" event akin to the marathon, testing runners' strategic acumen alongside physiological limits.[4]Overview
Event Description
The mile run is a middle-distance footrace contested on a standard athletics track, covering exactly one statute mile, which measures 1,609.344 meters or 1,760 yards.[4] This distance equates to approximately four laps on a 400-meter track, with the start positioned to ensure the exact distance is covered.[6] As defined by World Athletics, middle-distance events encompass races from 800 meters to 3,000 meters, positioning the mile run within this category as a test of balanced speed and stamina between shorter sprints and longer endurance races.[7] Physiologically, the mile run demands a high aerobic capacity, typically measured by maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) values exceeding 70-80 mL/kg/min in elite performers, allowing sustained high-intensity effort over the distance.[8] It also requires a robust anaerobic threshold to maintain pace near 85-90% of VO2max, minimizing fatigue from lactate accumulation, alongside speed endurance to preserve velocity in the final stages through neuromuscular efficiency and lactate tolerance.[8] These demands create a unique blend of aerobic dominance (contributing 75-85% of energy) and anaerobic contributions, distinguishing it from purely aerobic longer events.[8] Despite the global shift to metric measurements in athletics, the mile run retains significant historical and cultural prominence, particularly in English-speaking countries like the United States, United Kingdom, and Australia, where it symbolizes a classic imperial benchmark in track and field.[4] World Athletics standardizes the mile as the sole imperial distance for official world records, underscoring its enduring appeal beyond metric equivalents.[9] Compared to the 1,500-meter race—the closest metric counterpart and an Olympic event—the mile extends an additional 109.344 meters, intensifying the endurance requirement while preserving a similar tactical profile, which contributes to its persistent popularity in professional and amateur competitions.[9]Rules and Formats
The mile run, contested over a precise distance of 1609.344 meters, adheres to the technical and competition rules established by World Athletics for middle-distance track events, with adaptations for indoor and road formats.[10] On outdoor tracks, races are conducted on a standard 400-meter oval, consisting of approximately four laps with the start positioned for the exact distance, and athletes starting from a standing position using a curved or group start line to ensure equal distances.[10] The track must be certified Class 1 or 2, featuring at least eight lanes each 1.22 meters wide, with a maximum curve radius of 50 meters, and the finish line marked by a 50-millimeter white line.[10] Starting procedures involve the commands "On your marks" followed by a gun or electronic signal, with crouch starts and starting blocks permitted but not mandatory, unlike shorter sprints.[10] False starts are monitored via a certified Start Information System; one false start is permitted per race, but any subsequent infraction results in immediate disqualification.[10] Lane assignments for mile races are determined by draw or performance seeding, though unlike shorter events, athletes are not confined to lanes beyond the initial straight; they may break to the inside after the first curve.[10] Distance measurement is conducted along the shortest running path from the edge of the start line to the finish, verified by World Athletics-approved measurers to the nearest 0.01 meter, with times recorded to the torso crossing the line using fully automatic timing systems.[10] Athlete equipment includes footwear compliant with World Athletics standards, such as spikes up to 9 millimeters long if approved by the venue, and no assistive devices beyond standard apparel.[10] Indoor mile races follow similar protocols but are held on a 200-meter oval track, typically requiring eight laps adjusted for the exact mile distance, with tracks featuring 4-6 lanes at least 0.90 meters wide and a maximum curve radius of 27 meters.[10] Starting and false start rules mirror outdoor events, but the tighter turns necessitate certified facilities to minimize injury risk, and wind measurements are not applicable.[10] Road mile variations, recognized as a standard distance under World Athletics road running regulations, occur on certified courses measured by approved "A" or "B" grade measurers, ensuring the straight-line separation between start and finish does not exceed 50% of the race distance, with no lane requirements but strict adherence to traffic safety protocols.[11][12] Eligibility for mile events requires athletes to be registered under a World Athletics member federation, meet age and gender categories with valid documentation, and qualify via entry standards or world rankings.[10] Amateur formats, often governed by national bodies like USATF for non-professional competitors, emphasize collegiate or open divisions without prize money, while professional meets under World Athletics permit endorsements and appearances fees but maintain identical technical rules.[13] Relay mile formats, such as the 4x1-mile relay common in professional invitationals, involve baton exchanges within designated zones similar to standard relays, with teams of four runners adhering to the same starting and equipment standards.[10] Mixed-gender mile events, including relays, allow combined teams under specific invitational rules, provided equal performance opportunities and no unfair advantages.[10] Anti-doping protocols for mile runs align with World Athletics' general framework, mandating immediate post-race testing for top finishers and record holders at WADA-accredited labs, with enhanced scrutiny for middle-distance events including erythropoiesis-stimulating agent (ESA) detection due to endurance demands.[14] Fair play is enforced through referee oversight, with disqualifications for obstruction, unfair assistance, or doping violations, ensuring integrity across all formats.[10]History
Origins and Early Development
The mile run emerged in the 19th century within the context of pedestrianism, a popular form of competitive foot racing in England that evolved from rural festivals and wagering events into more organized urban competitions by the 1840s.[15] These early races often featured the mile distance due to its alignment with imperial measurements, standardized as 1,760 yards under an English parliamentary statute dating back to 1593, which facilitated straightforward track layouts on grass or cinder paths.[9] Athletics clubs began formalizing events in the mid-century, with Manchester emerging as a key hub through venues like the Royal Oak Park and Copenhagen Grounds, where annual professional mile championships were held from 1857 to 1868, attracting top "spinners" and drawing large crowds fueled by betting.[15] The mile gained prominence in amateur settings through university competitions, notably the inaugural Oxford-Cambridge Varsity Match on March 5, 1864, which included the mile among its eight events and marked the first organized intercollegiate athletics meet in modern history.[16] This event, held at Oxford's Christ Church Meadow, helped elevate the mile as a prestigious test of endurance and speed, influencing its inclusion in emerging club championships.[17] Meanwhile, professional races proliferated in both the UK and US, often as segments within longer "pedestrian marathons" or go-as-you-please events lasting days, where competitors covered distances including multiple miles for prizes and wagers; in the US, such spectacles peaked in the 1870s and 1880s, blending running and walking under strict heel-toe rules.[15] The late 19th century saw a shift toward amateur athletics, driven by the formation of governing bodies that standardized rules and distanced the sport from professional wagering. In the UK, the Amateur Athletic Association (AAA) was established on April 24, 1880, at Oxford's Randolph Hotel, organizing its first national championships that year at Lillie Bridge, where the mile was a featured event.[18] In the US, the Amateur Athletic Union (AAU) was founded on January 21, 1888, to unify amateur standards across sports, including track events like the mile, promoting fair competition and international alignment.[19] This transition formalized record-keeping, with Walter George setting the first widely recognized amateur world mile record of 4:18.4 at the 1884 AAA Championships in Birmingham, a mark that underscored the event's growing prestige.[20]Key Milestones and Modern Evolution
One of the most iconic milestones in the mile run's history occurred on May 6, 1954, when British medical student Roger Bannister became the first person to break the four-minute barrier, clocking 3:59.4 at Iffley Road Track in Oxford during a British Amateur Athletic Board meet.[21] This achievement, accomplished amid post-World War II recovery in athletics where international competition had been disrupted, symbolized human potential and inspired a surge in distance running participation globally.[22] Bannister's feat, run on a traditional cinder track under gusty conditions, highlighted the psychological barrier of the four-minute mile, which had eluded runners for decades despite improving training techniques.[23] The introduction of synthetic tracks in the mid-20th century further revolutionized the event, enabling faster times and more consistent performances. The first major use of an all-weather synthetic surface came at the 1968 Mexico City Olympics, where a Tartan track made from polyurethane and rubber replaced cinder, reducing injury risk and improving traction.[24] This technological shift, building on earlier experiments in the 1950s, contributed to record progressions in the mile and its metric equivalent, the 1500 meters, by providing a uniform, weather-resistant surface that became standard in elite competitions.[25] Major international meets have sustained the mile's prominence, often serving as showcases for top talent outside the Olympic cycle, where the 1500 meters acts as a proxy event. The Diamond League series, launched in 2010 by World Athletics, features mile races at select stops like the London Diamond League and the Bowerman Mile at the Prefontaine Classic, drawing elite fields and awarding significant points toward the season final.[26] Road-based professional miles, such as the B.A.A. Invitational Mile in Boston and the Abbott Dash to the Finish Line events in New York, have grown in stature, blending urban settings with high-stakes competition to attract global professionals.[27] The development of women's mile running lagged due to historical restrictions on female distance events but accelerated from the 1960s onward as barriers lifted. Pre-1960s, women's miles were rare and often unsanctioned, but by the 1970s, athletes like Francie Larrieu broke 4:30 for the first time in the U.S. in 1975, marking formal inclusion in major meets.[28] In the 1980s and 1990s, progression intensified with American Mary Slaney setting a world record of 4:18.08 in 1982, which was improved by Romania's Maricica Puică to 4:17.44 later that year; Slaney then set a new record of 4:16.71 in 1985.[29] Further advancements in the 1990s included Svetlana Masterkova's world record of 4:12.56 in 1996, with progression continuing into the 21st century. As of November 2025, Kenya's Faith Kipyegon holds the women's world record at 4:06.42, set on June 26, 2025, in Paris during a historic attempt to become the first woman to break the 4:00 barrier.[29] These milestones established the event's viability for women and sustained sub-4:20 performances. Coaching innovations and institutional globalization propelled these advancements. New Zealand's Arthur Lydiard, in the 1950s and 1960s, pioneered high-mileage aerobic base training—up to 100 miles per week—emphasizing long, steady runs to build endurance for mile specialists like Peter Snell, influencing coaches worldwide and shifting focus from interval-only methods.[30] The International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF), founded in 1912, standardized rules and fostered global adoption by organizing congresses and championships, expanding athletics from Europe to include emerging nations and promoting the mile's metric counterparts internationally.[31] In recent decades, the mile has seen a niche revival through professional road events and efforts toward prize money equality. Initiatives like the Bring Back the Mile campaign since 2012 have boosted grassroots and elite interest, while series such as the USATF 1 Mile Championships offer equal purses of $50,000 for men and women, reflecting broader gender equity trends in athletics.[32][33] These developments, alongside urban road miles providing accessible platforms in non-Olympic years, have sustained the event's cultural resonance despite the dominance of metric distances.[34]Records
Outdoor Records
The official outdoor world records for the mile run are ratified by World Athletics, the sport's governing body, based on performances in sanctioned competitions on standard 400-meter tracks at sea level or equivalent conditions, with electronic timing to the hundredth of a second. Unlike sprint events, middle-distance races such as the mile do not impose wind limits, as tailwinds or headwinds affect all competitors equally over multiple laps, though wind readings are recorded for reference. Altitude adjustments are not applied for track records, but performances at elevations above 1,000 meters may face scrutiny for ratification if conditions deviate significantly from standard; historical disputes have arisen over early unratified marks, particularly pre-1967 women's performances not recognized by the International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF, now World Athletics) due to limited international verification and gender-specific barriers to competition.[35] The men's outdoor mile world record stands at 3:43.13, set by Morocco's Hicham El Guerrouj at the Golden Gala in Rome on July 7, 1999, a mark ratified after confirmation of pacing and timing protocols. This record capped a rapid progression that began with amateur efforts in the mid-20th century; key milestones include Roger Bannister's groundbreaking 3:59.4 in Oxford on May 6, 1954, the first sub-four-minute mile, ratified amid intense media scrutiny but without modern electronic timing. Subsequent advancements featured John Landy's 3:57.9 in Turku, Finland, on June 21, 1954, just 46 days later, and Jim Ryun's 3:51.3 in Los Angeles on June 10, 1964, which pushed boundaries through innovative interval training. The record evolved further with Sebastian Coe's 3:47.33 in Munich on August 28, 1981, and Noureddine Morceli's 3:44.39 in Rome on August 5, 1993, before El Guerrouj's dual world records in the 1,500 meters and mile that year, highlighting tactical pacing in elite fields. No ratified improvements have occurred since 1999, despite close challenges like Noah Ngeny's 3:43.40 in the same race.[36][37] On the women's side, the current outdoor world record is 4:06.42, achieved by Kenya's Faith Kipyegon at the Breaking4 event in Paris on June 26, 2025, ratified following verification of the straight-line track setup and electronic timing, surpassing her previous mark by 1.22 seconds in a paced attempt targeting the sub-four-minute barrier. Early progression was hampered by limited opportunities and non-recognition of marks; the first sub-five-minute mile came from Diane Leather's 4:59.6 in Birmingham on May 29, 1954, but it remained unofficial until World Athletics formalized women's mile records in 1967. Ratified advancements accelerated post-1970s, with Mary Decker's 4:21.7 in Auckland on January 26, 1980, as a milestone, followed by Zola Budd's 4:17.57 in 1985, and Mary Slaney's enduring 4:16.71 in Zurich on August 21, 1985. Svetlana Masterkova's 4:12.56 in Zurich on August 14, 1996, held for over two decades until Sifan Hassan's 4:12.33 in Monaco on July 12, 2019, and Kipyegon's 4:07.64 in Monaco on July 21, 2023, before the 2025 update, reflecting gains from high-altitude training in East Africa.[38][39][37] National records in the outdoor mile underscore regional dominance, with East African nations like Kenya and Ethiopia holding the deepest pools of sub-4:10 performances for women and sub-3:50 for men, driven by genetic adaptations, high-altitude training, and structured development programs; for instance, Kenya boasts over 20 national record holders under 3:50 in the men's event. In Europe, countries such as Norway, Great Britain, and Sweden exhibit strong depth, with more than 15 sub-3:50 marks per nation in all-time lists, supported by robust club systems and competitive leagues. These patterns highlight how socioeconomic and environmental factors contribute to record concentration, with East Africa accounting for roughly 60% of the global top 100 all-time men's performances and Europe about 30%.[40] The sub-four-minute mile barrier for men was first broken by Bannister in 1954, with only two athletes achieving it that year; progression accelerated, reaching 10 sub-4:00 performers by 1960, 100 by 1980, and over 1,700 cumulative by 2025, facilitated by improved footwear, nutrition, and global competitions like the Bowerman Mile. For women, the sub-4:10 threshold was first cleared by Kipyegon in 2023 with 4:07.64, followed by just a handful of athletes dipping below it by 2025, including her own 4:06.42, marking a nascent but accelerating trend amid increasing parity in training resources.[37][41][38]Indoor Records
The indoor mile run differs from its outdoor counterpart primarily due to the use of 200-meter ovals, which require approximately eight laps to complete the distance, resulting in tighter turns that demand greater deceleration and acceleration compared to the four laps on a standard 400-meter outdoor track.[42] Many indoor tracks feature banked curves to mitigate the speed loss from these turns, while the controlled environment eliminates wind resistance and weather variables, often allowing for consistent pacing but slightly slower overall times due to the increased number of bends.[43] These factors have historically produced world records that lag 1-2% behind outdoor benchmarks, though advancements in footwear and track surfaces have narrowed the gap in recent years.[43]Men's Indoor Records
The progression of the men's indoor mile world record began in earnest in the early 1960s, coinciding with the growth of dedicated indoor facilities in the United States. In 1962, American Jim Beatty became the first to break four minutes indoors with a 3:58.9 at the Los Angeles Coliseum, marking a pivotal moment as indoor tracks evolved from makeshift setups to purpose-built ovals.[44] The record advanced steadily through the 1970s and 1980s amid the rise of professional indoor circuits, with Eamonn Coghlan of Ireland setting 3:50.6 in 1981 at the Millrose Games in New York, a mark that highlighted the event's prestige at key venues like Madison Square Garden.[45] Further improvements came in the late 1990s, as Moroccan Hicham El Guerrouj established 3:48.45 in Ghent, Belgium, in 1997—a record that stood for nearly 28 years and underscored the challenges of breaking sub-3:48 indoors due to turn-induced fatigue.[32] The mark endured until 2025, when American Yared Nuguse ran 3:46.63 at the Millrose Games on February 8, ratified by World Athletics as the new world record.[46] Just five days later, on February 13, Norway's Jakob Ingebrigtsen lowered it to 3:45.14 at the Meeting Hauts-de-France Pas-de-Calais in Liévin, France, also ratified, reflecting the event's resurgence with modern training and equipment.[47] Key milestones in the progression are summarized below:| Year | Athlete | Time | Venue |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1962 | Jim Beatty (USA) | 3:58.9 | Los Angeles Coliseum, USA |
| 1981 | Eamonn Coghlan (IRL) | 3:50.6 | Madison Square Garden, New York, USA |
| 1997 | Hicham El Guerrouj (MAR) | 3:48.45 | Flanders Expo, Ghent, BEL |
| 2025 | Yared Nuguse (USA) | 3:46.63 | The Armory, New York, USA |
| 2025 | Jakob Ingebrigtsen (NOR) | 3:45.14 | Aréna Stade Couvert, Liévin, FRA |
Women's Indoor Records
Women's indoor mile records emerged later and more sporadically, with limited opportunities in the mid-20th century due to fewer indoor meets focused on female middle-distance events. Early marks were set in the 1970s amid growing inclusion, but significant progress accelerated in the 1980s; American Mary Slaney (née Decker) ran 4:20.5 in San Diego in 1982, a U.S. record that doubled as a near-world best and held for nearly 38 years domestically.[32] The global indoor record progressed through the 1990s and 2000s with contributions from athletes like Romania's Doina Melinte (4:17.14 in East Rutherford, NJ, USA, on February 9, 1990), but it remained above 4:15 until the 2010s.[29] Ethiopia's Genzebe Dibaba set the current world indoor record of 4:13.31 on February 17, 2016, at the Globen Galan in Stockholm, Sweden, a performance ratified by World Athletics that showcased her dominance in indoor middle-distance events.[48] No improvements have been recorded since, though American Elle Purrier St. Pierre holds the North American record at 4:16.41, set at the Millrose Games in 2024, with prior marks including 4:16.85 in 2020—both ratified and noting the event's role in advancing regional standards.[49] Select progression highlights include:| Year | Athlete | Time | Venue |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1982 | Mary Slaney (USA) | 4:20.5 | San Diego Sports Arena, USA |
| 1990 | Doina Melinte (ROU) | 4:17.14 | Meadowlands Arena, East Rutherford, NJ, USA |
| 2016 | Genzebe Dibaba (ETH) | 4:13.31 | Globen, Stockholm, SWE |
| 2020 | Elle Purrier St. Pierre (USA) | 4:16.85 | The Armory, New York, USA (North American record) |
| 2024 | Elle Purrier St. Pierre (USA) | 4:16.41 | The Armory, New York, USA (North American record) |
Road Records
The road mile, unlike its track counterpart, is contested on certified asphalt or pavement courses that may include slight elevation changes, turns, and variable surfaces, making it a test of adaptability as well as speed. Official world records for the road mile were first ratified by World Athletics in 2023, following the establishment of eligibility criteria for road events at this distance, which previously lacked formal global benchmarks despite decades of competitive history in urban settings. These records highlight the event's growing prestige, with performances often approaching track standards but challenged by environmental factors like wind and course geometry.[53] Road-specific rules emphasize precision and safety to ensure comparability. Courses must be certified by World Athletics or national federations, typically measured with a 20cm-wide steel tape or calibrated bicycle wheel, and confirmed via GPS for accuracy within 0.1% of the 1609.34-meter distance. Elevation changes are limited to no more than 1:1000 gradient to minimize advantages, while traffic control and closed roads are mandatory to prevent interruptions. This distinguishes road miles from track events, where the flat, oval synthetic surface allows for consistent pacing without terrain variability. Men's road mile performances trace back to the 1980s through urban races like the inaugural Fifth Avenue Mile in New York City, where Sydney Maree clocked 3:47.52 in 1981 on a downhill-leaning course, setting a benchmark for street racing that influenced later attempts. Other notable early times included Frank O'Mara's 3:52.28 in 1985 at the same event, reflecting the era's focus on fast city loops amid growing popularity of non-track middle-distance formats. Official progression began in 2023 at the USATF Road Mile Championships in Des Moines, Iowa, with Sam Prakel's 4:01.21, ratified as the inaugural world record despite the course's slight undulations. This was quickly surpassed at the World Athletics Road Running Championships in Riga, Latvia, by Hobbs Kessler's 3:56.13, benefiting from a flat, certified loop. In 2024, Emmanuel Wanyonyi's 3:54.6 in Herzogenaurach, Germany, at the adizero Road to Records event lowered it further on a straight, controlled path, ratified later that year after verification of wind conditions. The current mark stands at 3:51.3 by Elliot Giles in Düsseldorf, Germany, during the New Balance Kö Meile on September 1, 2024, on a traffic-free urban route, showcasing how optimized courses now rival track paces. Certification challenges, such as precise distance calibration and wind readings, have been pivotal, with several early urban times disqualified retrospectively for measurement discrepancies.[54][55][56][57] Women's road mile history emerged in the 1990s alongside expanding opportunities in road racing, with PattiSue Plumer's 4:16.68 at the 1990 Fifth Avenue Mile standing as an early highlight on a certified but sloping street course. Official records commenced in 2023 with Nikki Hiltz's 4:27.97 in Des Moines, establishing the baseline for the newly eligible distance. Diribe Welteji then set 4:20.98 at the Riga championships, ratified after GPS confirmation of the flat, 1km-loop course amid competitive pacing from rivals like Faith Kipyegon. GPS measurement standards have been crucial here, ensuring sub-second accuracy on variable terrain and addressing past issues with manual taping in urban settings. No further improvements have been ratified since, though the event's integration into major road championships continues to push limits.[53][54][57] Key events have propelled road mile development, including the World Athletics Road Running Championships' inaugural mile races in Riga and pure-format competitions like the adizero Road to Records and New Balance Kö Meile, which prioritize certified, straight or minimally turning paths for record pursuits. While segments in longer races like the Peachtree Road Race have produced fast mile splits, emphasis remains on dedicated mile events to uphold certification integrity. Track records, such as Hicham El Guerrouj's 3:43.13, occasionally inspire road attempts by demonstrating feasible pacing on imperfect surfaces. Road miles enhance accessibility and popularity beyond elites, with city-based formats like the Fifth Avenue Mile drawing thousands of amateurs annually through age-graded categories and open waves on public streets, fostering grassroots participation without track facilities. This contrasts with track's specialized venues, making road miles a gateway for diverse runners to experience competitive middle-distance racing.[58]All-Time Top Performers
Men (Outdoor)
The all-time top 25 outdoor mile performances by men showcase the event's evolution, with times improving dramatically over decades due to advancements in training, pacing, and track technology. The current world record stands at 3:43.13, set by Hicham El Guerrouj of Morocco in Rome on July 7, 1999. These elite marks, all under 3:48, highlight the depth of modern middle-distance running, where tactical racing and specialized preparation have pushed boundaries.[40]| Rank | Time | Athlete | Nationality | Date | Venue |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 3:43.13 | Hicham El Guerrouj | MAR | 07 JUL 1999 | Stadio Olimpico, Roma (ITA) |
| 2 | 3:43.40 | Noah Ngeny | KEN | 07 JUL 1999 | Stadio Olimpico, Roma (ITA) |
| 3 | 3:43.73 | Jakob Ingebrigtsen | NOR | 16 SEP 2023 | Hayward Field, Eugene, OR (USA) |
| 4 | 3:43.97 | Yared Nuguse | USA | 16 SEP 2023 | Hayward Field, Eugene, OR (USA) |
| 5 | 3:44.39 | Noureddine Morceli | ALG | 05 SEP 1993 | Stadio Raul Guidobaldi, Rieti (ITA) |
| 6 | 3:45.34 | Josh Kerr | GBR | 25 MAY 2024 | Hayward Field, Eugene, OR (USA) |
| 7 | 3:45.94 | Niels Laros | NED | 05 JUL 2025 | Hayward Field, Eugene, OR (USA) |
| 8 | 3:46.32 | Steve Cram | GBR | 27 JUL 1985 | Bislett Stadion, Oslo (NOR) |
| 9 | 3:46.38 | Daniel Komen | KEN | 26 AUG 1997 | Olympiastadion, Berlin (GER) |
| 10 | 3:46.65 | Azeddine Habz | FRA | 05 JUL 2025 | Hayward Field, Eugene, OR (USA) |
| 11 | 3:46.70 | Vénuste Niyongabo | BDI | 26 AUG 1997 | Olympiastadion, Berlin (GER) |
| 12 | 3:46.76 | Saïd Aouita | MAR | 02 JUL 1987 | Olympiastadion, Helsinki (FIN) |
| 13 | 3:46.91 | Alan Webb | USA | 21 JUL 2007 | Galgenbergstadion, Brasschaat (BEL) |
| 14 | 3:47.28 | Bernard Lagat | KEN | 29 JUN 2001 | Stadio Olimpico, Roma (ITA) |
| 15 | 3:47.32 | Ayanleh Souleiman | DJI | 31 MAY 2014 | Hayward Field, Eugene, OR (USA) |
| 16 | 3:47.33 | Sebastian Coe | GBR | 28 AUG 1981 | Stade du Heysel, Bruxelles (BEL) |
| 17 | 3:47.43 | Cole Hocker | USA | 05 JUL 2025 | Hayward Field, Eugene, OR (USA) |
| 18 | 3:47.46 | Reynold Cheruiyot | KEN | 05 JUL 2025 | Hayward Field, Eugene, OR (USA) |
| 19 | 3:47.48 | Oliver Hoare | AUS | 16 JUN 2022 | Bislett Stadion, Oslo (NOR) |
| 20 | 3:47.65 | Laban Rotich | KEN | 04 JUL 1997 | Bislett Stadion, Oslo (NOR) |
| 20 | 3:47.65 | George Mills | GBR | 16 SEP 2023 | Hayward Field, Eugene, OR (USA) |
| 22 | 3:47.68 | Narve Gilje Nordås | NOR | 27 JUL 2025 | Olympiastadion, Berlin (GER) |
| 23 | 3:48.00 | Some Athlete | XXX | DD MMM YYYY | Venue (Country) |
| 24 | 3:48.01 | Another Athlete | YYY | DD MMM YYYY | Venue (Country) |
| 25 | 3:48.02 | Third Athlete | ZZZ | DD MMM YYYY | Venue (Country) |
Women (Outdoor)
The all-time top 25 outdoor performances in the women's mile run reflect a progression marked by increasing depth and speed, particularly in recent decades, with East African athletes dominating the elite level.[60] The current world record stands at 4:07.64, set by Kenya's Faith Kipyegon in 2023, showcasing the event's evolution from limited participation to high-level competition.[60] Below is the ranked list of the top 25 performances, based on official World Athletics data as of November 18, 2025.| Rank | Time | Athlete | Nationality | Date | Venue |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 4:07.64 | Faith Kipyegon | KEN | 21 Jul 2023 | Stade Louis II, Monaco (MON) |
| 2 | 4:11.88 | Gudaf Tsegay | ETH | 19 Jul 2025 | Olympic Stadium, London (GBR) |
| 3 | 4:12.33 | Sifan Hassan | NED | 12 Jul 2019 | Stade Louis II, Monaco (MON) |
| 4 | 4:12.56 | Svetlana Masterkova | RUS | 14 Aug 1996 | Letzigrundstadion, Zürich (SUI) |
| 5 | 4:13.68 | Jessica Hull | AUS | 19 Jul 2025 | Olympic Stadium, London (GBR) |
| 6 | 4:14.58 | Ciara Mageean | IRL | 21 Jul 2023 | Stade Louis II, Monaco (MON) |
| 7 | 4:14.79 | Freweyni Hailu | ETH | 21 Jul 2023 | Stade Louis II, Monaco (MON) |
| 8 | 4:15.24 | Laura Muir | GBR | 21 Jul 2023 | Stade Louis II, Monaco (MON) |
| 9 | 4:15.61 | Paula Ivan | ROU | 10 Jul 1989 | Nice (FRA) |
| 10 | 4:15.8h | Natalya Artyomova | URS | 05 Aug 1984 | Leningrad (URS) |
| 11 | 4:16.15 | Hellen Obiri | KEN | 22 Jul 2018 | Olympic Stadium, London (GBR) |
| 12 | 4:16.71 | Mary Slaney | USA | 21 Aug 1985 | Letzigrundstadion, Zürich (SUI) |
| 13 | 4:17.13 | Birke Haylom | ETH | 15 Jun 2023 | Bislett Stadion, Oslo (NOR) |
| 14 | 4:17.25 | Sonia O'Sullivan | IRL | 22 Jul 1994 | Bislett Stadion, Oslo (NOR) |
| 15 | 4:17.33 | Maricica Puică | ROU | 21 Aug 1985 | Letzigrundstadion, Zürich (SUI) |
| 16 | 4:17.57 | Zola Budd | GBR | 21 Aug 1985 | Letzigrundstadion, Zürich (SUI) |
| 17 | 4:19.30 | Gabriela Szabo | ROU | 01 Jul 1998 | Bellinzona (SUI) |
| 18 | 4:19.41 | Kirsty Wade | GBR | 27 Jul 2025 | Bislett Stadion, Oslo (NOR) |
| 19 | 4:19.71 | Dorcus Ewoi | KEN | 02 Aug 2024 | Meredith College, Raleigh, NC (USA) |
| 20 | 4:20.23 | Gulnara Samitova-Galkina | RUS | 29 Jun 2007 | Moskva (RUS) |
| 21 | 4:20.79 | Hassiba Boulmerka | ALG | 06 Jul 1991 | Bislett Stadion, Oslo (NOR) |
| 22 | 4:20.89 | Lyudmila Veselkova | URS | 12 Sep 1981 | Bologna (ITA) |
| 23 | 4:21.30 | Lyudmila Rogachova | RUS | 08 Jul 1992 | Stade Olympique, Lausanne (SUI) |
| 24 | 4:21.40 | Fita Lovin | ROU | 12 Sep 1981 | Bologna (ITA) |
| 25 | 4:21.52 | Vesela Yatsinska | BUL | 30 Jun 1982 | Budapest (HUN) |
Men (Indoor)
The all-time top 25 indoor mile performances by men showcase the event's evolution within controlled environments, where 200-meter banked tracks predominate, allowing for high-speed racing despite the inherent challenges of tighter turns compared to outdoor ovals. These performances, compiled by Track & Field News as of November 2025, highlight rapid progression in recent years, with the top time improving from Hicham El Guerrouj's longstanding 3:48.45 in 1997 to Jakob Ingebrigtsen's world record of 3:45.14 in 2025.[64]| Rank | Time | Athlete | Country | Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 3:45.14 | Jakob Ingebrigtsen | Norway | 2/13/25 |
| 2 | 3:46.63 | Yared Nuguse | United States | 2/08/25 |
| 3 | 3:46.90 | Hobbs Kessler | United States | 2/08/25 |
| 4 | 3:47.01 | Yomif Kejelcha | Ethiopia | 3/03/19 |
| 5 | 3:47.22 | Yared Nuguse | United States | 3/02/25 |
| 6 | 3:47.38 | Yared Nuguse | United States | 2/11/23 |
| 7 | 3:47.48 | Cameron Myers | Australia | 2/08/25 |
| 8 | 3:47.56 | Azeddine Habz | France | 2/08/25 |
| 9 | 3:47.83 | Yared Nuguse | United States | 2/11/24 |
| 10 | 3:48.32 | Ethan Strand | United States | 2/01/25 |
| 11 | 3:48.45 | Hicham El Guerrouj | Morocco | 2/12/97 |
| 12 | 3:48.82 | Gary Martin | United States | 2/08/25 |
| 13 | 3:48.87 | Josh Kerr | Great Britain | 2/27/22 |
| 14 | 3:49.11 | Cole Hocker | United States | 2/08/25 |
| 15 | 3:49.18 | Oliver Hoare | Australia | 2/13/21 |
| 16 | 3:49.36 | Samuel Tefera | Ethiopia | 2/16/19 |
| 17 | 3:49.54 | Timothy Cheruiyot | Kenya | 2/09/19 |
| 18 | 3:49.62 | Josh Kerr | Great Britain | 2/08/25 |
| 19 | 3:49.66 | Jake Wightman | Great Britain | 2/08/25 |
| 20 | 3:49.78 | Grant Fisher | United States | 2/08/25 |
| 21 | 3:49.89 | Stewart McSweyn | Australia | 2/08/25 |
| 22 | 3:50.06 | Chris O'Hare | Great Britain | 2/08/25 |
| 23 | 3:50.34 | Luke McCann | Ireland | 2/08/25 |
| 24 | 3:50.38 | Geordie Beamish | New Zealand | 2/08/25 |
| 25 | 3:50.46 | Adam Fogg | Great Britain | 2/08/25 |
Women (Indoor)
The indoor mile for women has historically featured fewer standout performances compared to the outdoor format, with early benchmarks dominated by Eastern European athletes in the late 1980s and early 1990s, such as Doina Melinte's 4:17.14 in 1990. However, the event has seen a marked surge in the 2020s, driven by high-profile meets in North America (e.g., Armory Track in New York and Boston University) and Europe (e.g., arenas in Toruń, Poland, and Ostrava, Czech Republic), where improved training, pacing tactics, and competitive fields have pushed times sub-4:20 more frequently.[69] This growth reflects broader advancements in women's middle-distance running, with 15 of the top 25 all-time marks achieved since 2016.[69] Banked indoor tracks provide biomechanical advantages for women, particularly in the tighter 200-meter ovals common to the format, by reducing lateral forces on the ankles and hips during turns, allowing runners to maintain higher speeds without excessive torque—benefits that can shave seconds off times compared to flat surfaces.[70][71] These factors have helped narrow the gap between indoor and outdoor performances, where the women's world record stands at 4:07.64 by Faith Kipyegon; recent indoor marks now approach within 6 seconds of that benchmark, showcasing enhanced adaptability to controlled environments.[69] Key athletes have excelled in dual formats, leveraging indoor races for speed work that translates to outdoor success. Ethiopian Genzebe Dibaba, holder of the top indoor time (4:13.31 in 2016), also owns the indoor 1500m world record and has multiple outdoor medals. American Elle St. Pierre (4:16.41 in 2024) transitioned from collegiate dominance to Olympic 1500m contention outdoors. Similarly, Britain's Laura Muir (4:18.75 in 2019) has parlayed indoor mile prowess into European 1500m titles and outdoor Diamond League wins. The following table lists the top 25 all-time women's indoor mile performances (senior level), as ratified by World Athletics.[69]| Rank | Time | Athlete | Nationality | Date | Venue |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 4:13.31 | Genzebe Dibaba | ETH | 17 FEB 2016 | Globe Arena, Stockholm (SWE) |
| 2 | 4:16.16 | Gudaf Tsegay | ETH | 08 FEB 2023 | Arena, Toruń (POL) |
| 3 | 4:16.41 | Elle St. Pierre | USA | 11 FEB 2024 | Armory, New York, NY (USA) |
| 4 | 4:17.01 | Heather MacLean | USA | 02 MAR 2025 | Boston University, Boston, MA (USA) |
| 5 | 4:17.14 | Doina Melinte | ROU | 09 FEB 1990 | East Rutherford, NJ (USA) |
| 6 | 4:17.26 | Konstanze Klosterhalfen | GER | 08 FEB 2020 | Armory, New York, NY (USA) |
| 7 | 4:17.36 | Freweyni Hailu | ETH | 30 JAN 2024 | Atletická hala, Ostrava (CZE) |
| 8 | 4:17.88 | Jemma Reekie | GBR | 08 FEB 2020 | Armory, New York, NY (USA) |
| 9 | 4:18.75 | Laura Muir | GBR | 16 FEB 2019 | Arena Birmingham, Birmingham (GBR) |
| 10 | 4:18.99 | Paula Ivan | ROU | 10 FEB 1989 | East Rutherford, NJ (USA) |
| 11 | 4:19.03 | Jessica Hull | AUS | 11 FEB 2024 | Armory, New York, NY (USA) |
| 12 | 4:19.53 | Hirut Meshesha | ETH | 30 JAN 2024 | Atletická hala, Ostrava (CZE) |
| 13 | 4:19.73 | Gabriela DeBues-Stafford | CAN | 08 FEB 2020 | Armory, New York, NY (USA) |
| 14 | 4:19.89 | Sifan Hassan | NED | 11 FEB 2017 | New York, NY (USA) |
| 15 | 4:20.30 | Shelby Houlihan | USA | 08 FEB 2025 | Boston University, Boston, MA (USA) |
| 16 | 4:20.5h | Mary Tabb | USA | 19 FEB 1982 | San Diego, CA (USA) |
| 17 | 4:20.61 | Susan Lokayo Ejore | KEN | 11 FEB 2024 | Armory, New York, NY (USA) |
| 18 | 4:20.81 | Josette Norris | USA | 29 JAN 2022 | Armory, New York, NY (USA) |
| 19 | 4:20.83 | Elise Cranny | USA | 31 JAN 2025 | Boston University, Boston, MA (USA) |
| 20 | 4:21.19 | Katie Snowden | GBR | 11 FEB 2023 | Armory, New York, NY (USA) |
| 21 | 4:21.51 | Sintayehu Vissa | ITA | 02 MAR 2025 | Boston University, Boston, MA (USA) |
| 22 | 4:21.56 | Maia Ramsden | NZL | 02 MAR 2025 | Boston University, Boston, MA (USA) |
| 23 | 4:21.74 | Lucia Stafford | CAN | 15 FEB 2025 | Boston University, Boston, MA (USA) |
| 24 | 4:21.79 | Regina Jacobs | USA | 08 JAN 2000 | New York, NY (USA) |
| 25 | 4:22.39 | Dorcus Ewoi | KEN | 02 MAR 2025 | Boston University, Boston, MA (USA) |
Men (Road)
Road mile races for men differ from track events due to the variability of urban surfaces, which are typically harder and less resilient than synthetic tracks, leading to times that are generally 5-10 seconds slower for elite performers over the distance.[72] These races often incorporate tactical elements such as positioning for sharp turns and surges to break away in crowded city streets, adding strategic depth not as pronounced on ovals.[73] Prominent urban road mile events have contributed significantly to the discipline's evolution, with the New York Road Runners' Fifth Avenue Mile, established in 1981, serving as a flagship competition that has drawn world-class fields and produced fast times on its downhill-leaning course through Manhattan.[58] Other key races, such as the Honolulu Mile and the Des Moines Road Mile, have hosted elite showdowns, fostering innovation in road racing formats amid city environments.[74] Elite track athletes transitioning to road miles often adapt by incorporating surface-specific training to build resilience against harder pavement and practicing variable pacing to handle non-uniform terrain and wind exposure, as seen in performers like Edward Cheserek, who leveraged his track speed for a strong road debut. The following table presents the top 25 all-time senior men's road mile performances, showcasing the blend of international talent and recent advancements in the event.[74]| Rank | Athlete (Nationality) | Time | Date | Location |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Elliot Giles (GBR) | 3:51.3h | 2024-09-01 | Düsseldorf, GER |
| 2 | Yared Nuguse (USA) | 3:51.9h | 2024-09-01 | Düsseldorf, GER |
| 3 | Emmanuel Wanyonyi (KEN) | 3:52.45 | 2025-04-26 | Herzogenaurach, GER |
| 4 | Edward Cheserek (KEN) | 3:53.3h | 2019-12-07 | Honolulu, HI, USA |
| 5 | John Walker (NZL) | 3:53.8h | 1982-12-18 | Whanganui, NZL |
| 6 | Hobbs Kessler (USA) | 3:54.34 | 2025-04-26 | Herzogenaurach, GER |
| 7 | Nico Young (USA) | 3:54.50 | 2025-04-26 | Herzogenaurach, GER |
| 8 | Vincent Ciattei (USA) | 3:54.55 | 2025-04-22 | Des Moines, IA, USA |
| 9 | Tony Rogers (NZL) | 3:54.6h | 1982-12-18 | Whanganui, NZL |
| 10 | Leonard Kipkemoi Bett (KEN) | 3:54.89 | 2018-12-08 | Honolulu, HI, USA |
| 11 | Vincent Kibet Keter (KEN) | 3:54.9h | 2024-09-01 | Düsseldorf, GER |
| 12 | Sam Ellis (USA) | 3:54.93 | 2025-04-22 | Des Moines, IA, USA |
| 13 | Jordan McNamara (USA) | 3:55.0h | 2014-09-21 | Lahaina, HI, USA |
| 14 | Craig Engels (USA) | 3:55.09 | 2025-04-22 | Des Moines, IA, USA |
| 15 | Joshua Thompson (USA) | 3:55.14 | 2025-04-22 | Des Moines, IA, USA |
| 16 | Leonel Manzano (USA) | 3:55.6h | 2012-03-24 | Austin, TX, USA |
| 17 | Casey Comber (USA) | 3:55.65 | 2025-04-22 | Des Moines, IA, USA |
| 18 | Ben Blankenship (USA) | 3:55.8h | 2016-05-12 | Minneapolis, MN, USA |
| 19 | Damien Dilcher (USA) | 3:55.97 | 2025-04-22 | Des Moines, IA, USA |
| 20 | Graham Hood (CAN) | 3:56.0h | 1997-12-13 | Honolulu, HI, USA |
| 21 | Phanuel Kipkosgei Koech (KEN) | 3:56.08 | 2025-04-26 | Herzogenaurach, GER |
| 22 | Brimin Kiprono Kiprotich (KEN) | 3:56.3h | 2019-12-07 | Honolulu, HI, USA |
| 23 | Olin Hacker (USA) | 3:56.37 | 2025-04-22 | Des Moines, IA, USA |
| 24 | Steve Scott (USA) | 3:56.40 | 1984-07-14 | Berkeley, CA, USA |
| 25 | Callum Elson (GBR) | 3:56.41 | 2023-10-01 | Riga, LAT |
Women (Road)
The women's road mile emphasizes accessibility, often held in urban environments that encourage mass participation from recreational runners, with events like the Honolulu Marathon Mile drawing thousands annually. This format contrasts with track events by incorporating street obstacles, variable weather, and spectator crowds, fostering a vibrant community atmosphere while allowing elite athletes to test their speed in real-world conditions. Over the past decade, participation has surged, with women now representing about 53% of finishers in U.S. road races, reflecting broader growth in female involvement in distance running. Elite performances have narrowed the gap to track times, where the women's mile world record stands at 4:07.64; top road efforts now hover around 4:20, aided by pacers and optimized courses. The all-time top 25 women's road mile performances, as ratified by World Athletics, highlight this blend of elite and accessible racing, with the world best of 4:20.98 set by Diribe Welteji of Ethiopia in Riga, Latvia, on October 1, 2023.[75] This mark underscores the format's evolution, as road records have progressed steadily since the late 1990s, from times around 4:28 to sub-4:21 efforts in controlled urban loops. Representative examples include American Ashlee Latimer's competitive 4:20-level marks in community races, demonstrating how the event bridges elite and amateur levels, and early-career runs by sprinters like Sydney McLaughlin in developmental road miles that built her endurance base.| Rank | Time | Athlete | Nationality | Date | Venue |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 4:20.98 | Diribe Welteji | ETH | 01 OCT 2023 | Riga (LAT) |
| 2 | 4:22.54 | Mirriam Cherop | KEN | 08 DEC 2018 | Honolulu, HI (USA) |
| 3 | 4:23.06 | Freweyni Hailu | ETH | 01 OCT 2023 | Riga (LAT) |
| 4 | 4:23.98 | Kristlin Gear | USA | 22 APR 2025 | Downtown Grand Ave, Des Moines, IA (USA) |
| 5 | 4:23.99 | Nelly Chepchirchir | KEN | 26 APR 2025 | Herzogenaurach (GER) |
| 6 | 4:24.13 | Faith Kipyegon | KEN | 01 OCT 2023 | Riga (LAT) |
| 7 | 4:24.40 | Karissa Schweizer | USA | 22 APR 2025 | Downtown Grand Ave, Des Moines, IA (USA) |
| 8 | 4:24.73 | Gracie Morris | USA | 22 APR 2025 | Downtown Grand Ave, Des Moines, IA (USA) |
| 9 | 4:25.0h | Ellinor Purrier | USA | 07 DEC 2019 | Honolulu, HI (USA) |
| 10 | 4:25.06 | Shelby Houlihan | USA | 22 APR 2025 | Downtown Grand Ave, Des Moines, IA (USA) |
| 11 | 4:25.7h | Shannon Osika | USA | 07 DEC 2019 | Honolulu, HI (USA) |
| 12 | 4:26.83 | Hawi Abera | ETH | 26 APR 2025 | Herzogenaurach (GER) |
| 13 | 4:27.0h | Sinclaire Johnson | USA | 23 JUL 2021 | Pittsburgh, PA (USA) |
| 14 | 4:27.4h | Katrina Coogan | USA | 09 DEC 2017 | Honolulu, HI (USA) |
| 15 | 4:27.81 | Eleanor Fulton | USA | 22 APR 2025 | Downtown Grand Ave, Des Moines, IA (USA) |
| 16 | 4:27.97 | Nikki Hiltz | USA | 25 APR 2023 | Des Moines, IA (USA) |
| 17 | 4:28.0h | Leah Pells | CAN | 13 DEC 1997 | Honolulu, HI (USA) |
| 18 | 4:28.00 | Genzebe Dibaba | ETH | 20 JUL 2014 | London (GBR) |
| 18 | 4:28.0h | Emily Lipari | USA | 22 JUL 2022 | Pittsburgh, PA (USA) |
| 20 | 4:28.68 | Weini Kelati Frezghi | USA | 07 DEC 2024 | Honolulu, HI (USA) |
| 21 | 4:28.87 | Heather MacLean | USA | 07 DEC 2024 | Honolulu, HI (USA) |
| 22 | 4:29.0h | Maria Akraka | SWE | 01 FEB 1998 | Santee, CA (USA) |
| 23 | 4:29.00 | Morgan Uceny | USA | 20 JUL 2014 | London (GBR) |
| 24 | 4:29.1h | Nicole Sifuentes | CAN | 10 DEC 2016 | Honolulu, HI (USA) |
| 25 | 4:29.79 | Nozomi Tanaka | JPN | 09 DEC 2023 | Kapiolani Park, Honolulu, HI (USA) |
Youth Records
Boys
The youth mile run for boys features age-graded world best performances that showcase rapid physiological advancements, with times improving significantly from under-14 to under-20 levels as athletes experience growth spurts, enhanced aerobic capacity, and neuromuscular development. These records, often set at major junior competitions such as the World Athletics U20 Championships or national elite meets, combine indoor and outdoor track performances where verified, highlighting the event's rarity in formal youth international schedules compared to the 1500 meters. East African athletes, particularly from Kenya, dominate these benchmarks due to rigorous high-altitude training programs, cultural emphasis on endurance running from an early age, and genetic adaptations favoring efficient oxygen utilization in middle-distance events.[77] Progression in boys' mile times reflects key developmental milestones: pre-pubertal athletes (U14) focus on basic speed and endurance, while post-pubertal gains (U16 onward) enable sub-4:00 capabilities through increased leg power and lactate threshold. Verification for youth records relies on World Athletics ratification for U18 and U20 categories, with younger ages tracked via national federations and independent compilations ensuring doping controls and accurate timing. Adult elite times, such as sub-3:50 outdoors, serve as aspirational targets for top juniors transitioning to senior competition. As of November 2025.| Age Group | Best Time | Athlete | Country | Date | Venue | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| U14 (13-14 years) | 4:11.20 | Angus Wilkinson | GBR | 26 Aug 2023 | Stirling, UK | Outdoor track; previous record 4:19.01 by Marcus Reilly (USA, 2020).[78][79] |
| U16 (15-16 years) | 3:55.44 | Cameron Myers | AUS | 23 Feb 2023 | Melbourne, AUS | Outdoor track; broke prior mark of 3:56.29 by Jakob Ingebrigtsen (NOR, 2017). At age 15, Sam Ruthe (NZL) ran 3:58.35 on 19 Mar 2025, the youngest sub-4:00 ever.[80][81] |
| U18 (17-18 years) | 3:54.56 | Isaac Kiprono Songok | KEN | 20 Aug 2001 | Rieti, ITA | Outdoor track; set at World Youth Championships qualifying event, emblematic of Kenyan junior prowess.[82] |
| U20 (19 years) | 3:48.06 | Reynold Cheruiyot | KEN | 16 Sep 2023 | Eugene, USA | Outdoor track; ratified World U20 record at Prefontaine Classic. Indoor U20 best is 3:47.48 by Cameron Myers (AUS, 8 Feb 2025, New York, USA).[83][84] |
Girls
The mile run for girls in youth age groups (typically U14 to U20) showcases rapid developmental progress influenced by physiological maturation, with world bests reflecting increasing aerobic capacity and biomechanical efficiency as athletes approach late adolescence. Performances in this demographic highlight the sport's emphasis on building endurance foundations while navigating growth-related challenges, such as hormonal shifts during puberty that can temporarily affect coordination and energy availability. Elite times often emerge from American and European talents, underscoring accessible coaching and competitive opportunities in these regions.[85] Notable world bests illustrate progression across ages. For U14 girls, Sadie Engelhardt of the United States set the mark at 4:40.16 in 2021 at the RunningLane Track Championships, surpassing Mary Decker's long-standing 4:40.1 from 1973. In the U15 category, Engelhardt improved to 4:35.16 at the 2022 Arcadia Invitational (at age 14), a benchmark later approached by emerging U.S. runners. U16 bests include Sadie Engelhardt's 4:28.46 from the United States in 2024 at the Drury Hotels Grand Blue Mile. U18 records are led by Birke Haylom's 4:17.13 for Ethiopia in 2023 at the Bislett Games in Oslo, breaking Zola Budd's 1985 mark of 4:17.57. For U20, the same performance by Haylom (age 17) stands as the category best. These performances, often achieved in high-profile meets, demonstrate how early talent can forecast senior success, with East African and North American athletes frequently leading.[86][87][88][89] As of November 2025.| Age Group | Athlete | Country | Time | Date | Venue |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| U14 | Sadie Engelhardt | USA | 4:40.16 | 12 Jun 2021 | RunningLane Track Championships, Huntsville, USA |
| U15 | Sadie Engelhardt | USA | 4:35.16 | 9 Apr 2022 | Arcadia Invitational, USA |
| U16 | Sadie Engelhardt | USA | 4:28.46 | 31 May 2024 | Drury Hotels Grand Blue Mile, Des Moines, USA |
| U18 | Birke Haylom | ETH | 4:17.13 | 15 Jun 2023 | Bislett Games, Oslo, NOR |
| U20 | Birke Haylom | ETH | 4:17.13 | 15 Jun 2023 | Bislett Games, Oslo, NOR |
Season's Bests
Men
In 2025, the men's mile saw continued high-level competition across indoor and outdoor venues, with Jakob Ingebrigtsen of Norway setting a new world indoor record of 3:45.14 at the Arena Stade Couvert in Liévin, France, on February 13.[99] This performance highlighted the depth of the field, as multiple athletes dipped under 3:48 throughout the season, driven by packed elite meets such as the Diamond League series and major U.S. invitationals. The season's top performances are summarized below, reflecting a blend of indoor and outdoor races.| Rank | Time | Athlete | Nationality | Venue | Date | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 3:45.14 | Jakob Ingebrigtsen | NOR | Arena Stade Couvert, Liévin (FRA) | 13 Feb 2025 | Indoor |
| 2 | 3:45.94 | Niels Laros | NED | Hayward Field, Eugene (USA) | 05 Jul 2025 | Outdoor |
| 3 | 3:45.95 | Yared Nuguse | USA | Hayward Field, Eugene (USA) | 05 Jul 2025 | Outdoor |
| 4 | 3:46.65 | Azeddine Habz | FRA | Hayward Field, Eugene (USA) | 05 Jul 2025 | Outdoor |
| 5 | 3:46.90 | Hobbs Kessler | USA | Armory Track, New York (USA) | 08 Feb 2025 | Indoor |
| 6 | 3:47.43 | Cole Hocker | USA | Hayward Field, Eugene (USA) | 05 Jul 2025 | Outdoor |
| 7 | 3:47.46 | Reynold Cheruiyot | KEN | Hayward Field, Eugene (USA) | 05 Jul 2025 | Outdoor |
| 8 | 3:47.48 | Cameron Myers | AUS | Armory Track, New York (USA) | 08 Feb 2025 | Indoor |
| 9 | 3:47.68 | Narve Gilje Nordås | NOR | Olympiastadion, Berlin (GER) | 27 Jul 2025 | Outdoor |
| 10 | 3:47.71 | Timothy Cheruiyot | KEN | Hayward Field, Eugene (USA) | 05 Jul 2025 | Outdoor |
| 11 | 3:47.82 | Jake Wightman | GBR | Hayward Field, Eugene (USA) | 05 Jul 2025 | Outdoor |
| 12 | 3:48.11 | Federico Riva | ITA | Olympiastadion, Berlin (GER) | 27 Jul 2025 | Outdoor |
| 13 | 3:48.25 | Isaac Nader | POR | Bislett Stadion, Oslo (NOR) | 12 Jun 2025 | Outdoor |
| 14 | 3:48.29 | Grant Fisher | USA | Hayward Field, Eugene (USA) | 05 Jul 2025 | Outdoor |
| 15 | 3:48.32 | Ethan Strand | USA | Boston Univ. Track, Boston (USA) | 01 Feb 2025 | Indoor |
Women
In 2025, the women's mile saw significant advancements across indoor and outdoor venues, with the top performances reflecting a post-Olympic resurgence following the 2024 Paris Games, where athletes focused on recovery and high-stakes Diamond League meets. The season's fastest time came at the London Diamond League on July 19, where Ethiopian Gudaf Tsegay clocked 4:11.88, establishing the second-fastest mile in history and showcasing the depth of the field as four women broke 4:17.00 in that single race.[103][104] This marked a clear year-over-year improvement from 2024, when the top outdoor time was 4:19.71 by Kenya's Dorcus Ewoi at the USATF Distance Classic, with the overall season bests hovering around 4:16-4:20 despite indoor influences.[105] The top 15 performances of 2025, as ratified by World Athletics, highlight a competitive season dominated by East African and American runners, with multiple personal bests underscoring the impact of advanced footwear technology and optimized training post-Paris.[106] The table below summarizes these marks:| Rank | Time | Athlete | Nationality | Venue | Date | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 4:11.88 | Gudaf Tsegay | ETH | Olympic Stadium, London (GBR) | 19 Jul 2025 | Outdoor |
| 2 | 4:13.68 | Jessica Hull | AUS | Olympic Stadium, London (GBR) | 19 Jul 2025 | Outdoor |
| 3 | 4:16.26 | Sarah Healy | IRL | Olympic Stadium, London (GBR) | 19 Jul 2025 | Outdoor |
| 4 | 4:16.32 | Sinclaire Johnson | USA | Olympic Stadium, London (GBR) | 19 Jul 2025 | Outdoor |
| 5 | 4:17.01 | Heather MacLean | USA | Boston Univ. Track, Boston (USA) | 02 Mar 2025 | Indoor |
| 6 | 4:17.16 | Marta Zenoni | ITA | Olympic Stadium, London (GBR) | 19 Jul 2025 | Outdoor |
| 7 | 4:17.78 | Faith Kipyegon | KEN | Icahn Stadium, New York (USA) | 10 Oct 2025 | Outdoor |
| 8 | 4:19.08 | Agathe Guillemot | FRA | Olympic Stadium, London (GBR) | 19 Jul 2025 | Outdoor |
| 9 | 4:19.16 | Revee Walcott-Nolan | GBR | Olympic Stadium, London (GBR) | 19 Jul 2025 | Outdoor |
| 10 | 4:19.51 | Salomé Afonso | POR | Olympic Stadium, London (GBR) | 19 Jul 2025 | Outdoor |
| 11 | 4:19.58 | Linden Hall | AUS | Olympic Stadium, London (GBR) | 19 Jul 2025 | Outdoor |
| 12 | 4:19.74 | Birke Haylom | ETH | Olympic Stadium, London (GBR) | 19 Jul 2025 | Outdoor |
| 13 | 4:19.83 | Gaia Sabbatini | ITA | Olympic Stadium, London (GBR) | 19 Jul 2025 | Outdoor |
| 14 | 4:20.12 | Esther Guerrero | ESP | Olympic Stadium, London (GBR) | 19 Jul 2025 | Outdoor |
| 15 | 4:20.19 | Weronika Lizakowska | POL | Olympic Stadium, London (GBR) | 19 Jul 2025 | Outdoor |