NComputing
NComputing is an American technology company specializing in desktop virtualization solutions, thin client hardware, and endpoint management software designed to deliver affordable, secure, and high-performance access to virtual desktops and applications for enterprises, education, healthcare, and government sectors.[1][2] Founded in 2003 and headquartered in San Mateo, California, the company has grown to serve over 70,000 customers and support 20 million daily users across 140 countries, focusing on repurposing legacy hardware and enabling cost-effective migrations to modern operating systems like Windows 11.[3][2] Key offerings include the vSpace Pro desktop virtualization platform, which supports Windows Server 2025 and features enhanced protocols for HD video streaming; LEAF OS, a Linux-based operating system that transforms old PCs into secure thin clients; and hardware devices such as the RX-series thin clients powered by Raspberry Pi Compute Modules for compatibility with platforms like Microsoft Azure Virtual Desktop, Citrix, and Omnissa Horizon.[4][5][6] As an official Microsoft Azure Virtual Desktop partner and Citrix Ready collaborator, NComputing emphasizes sustainability by extending device lifecycles and providing centralized management through tools like PMC Endpoint Manager, with recent innovations in 2025 including support for the Raspberry Pi 500+ and UDS Enterprise 4.0 for virtual desktop access.[4][7][8]Company Overview
Profile and Operations
NComputing is a desktop virtualization company that specializes in developing hardware and software solutions for thin clients, zero clients, and virtual desktops, enabling cost-effective access to centralized computing resources.[3][9][1] The company is headquartered in San Mateo, California, with additional global offices in Singapore, South Korea, India, Germany, and Poland.[1][10] As of 2025, NComputing employs approximately 120 people.[11][12] NComputing's core business emphasizes affordable, high-performance virtualization solutions tailored for sectors including education, business, government, and healthcare, serving over 70,000 customers worldwide.[2][13] Founded in 2003, the company focuses on simplifying endpoint management to support diverse use cases.[2] The official website is https://www.ncomputing.com/, where users can access product information and resources; key contact is available via the site's contact form at https://www.ncomputing.com/contact.[](https://www.ncomputing.com/)[](https://www.ncomputing.com/contact)Mission and Global Presence
NComputing's mission centers on delivering cost-effective desktop virtualization solutions that enable shared computing environments, thereby reducing hardware costs and enhancing scalability for organizations worldwide.[1] By focusing on thin client technologies, the company aims to provide affordable access to high-performance computing without the need for individual PCs per user, promoting efficient resource utilization in diverse settings.[14] The company's vision, encapsulated in its "Compute Smartly" philosophy, emphasizes making powerful, centrally managed computing solutions more accessible and affordable, particularly for underserved markets such as education and small businesses.[15] This approach supports initiatives in resource-constrained environments, from schools in developing regions to startups seeking cost savings.[1] NComputing maintains a robust global presence, serving over 20 million daily users across 140 countries through a network of more than 70,000 customers.[1] The company has shipped more than 3 million thin client units worldwide, underscoring its scale in endpoint computing deployments.[14] It operates regional offices in key locations including the United States, Singapore, South Korea, India, Germany, and Poland, complemented by an extensive worldwide reseller and partnership network with entities like Citrix and Microsoft to facilitate local market entry. Software adaptations include multilingual support in languages such as English, German, French, Spanish, Portuguese, Chinese, and Korean, ensuring compatibility with regional needs.[16] Sustainability is a core aspect of NComputing's strategy, achieved through thin client solutions that minimize e-waste by repurposing existing hardware like old PCs and laptops via tools such as LEAF OS, which extends device lifecycles and reduces the frequency of full hardware replacements.[17] This focus on low-resource endpoints aligns with broader environmental goals by lowering energy consumption and electronic waste generation in shared computing setups.[1]History
Founding and Early Development
NComputing was founded in 2003 by Young Song, a former vice president at eMachines, and Klaus Maier, a German entrepreneur and former CEO of Hydrapark GmbH, with an initial emphasis on hardware solutions for multi-user computing environments.[18] The company aimed to enable multiple users to share a single PC through low-cost access devices, addressing the high expense of traditional computing setups, particularly in education and developing markets.[19] Headquartered initially in Orange County, California, NComputing began operations with a small team focused on innovating thin client technology to reduce costs while maintaining performance.[19] In 2004, the company launched its flagship L-series thin clients, starting with the L100 model, followed by subsequent variants such as the L110, L120, L130, L200, and L230, which provided affordable connectivity to shared computing resources.[20] By 2006, to gain better access to the technology ecosystem, investors, and talent, NComputing relocated its headquarters to Silicon Valley while retaining distribution and support functions in Orange County.[19] That same year, the company experienced initial team growth with the key hire of Stephen Dukker, former CEO of eMachines, who joined as CEO and chairman to guide strategic expansion and product commercialization.[19] The company's focus on cost-effective solutions helped deploy over 140,000 units in schools and businesses across 45 countries by late 2006, laying the groundwork for broader acceptance.[19]Financing and Expansion
NComputing secured its first major funding round in October 2006, raising $8 million in Series A financing led by investors including Scale Venture Partners and BA Venture Partners.[21][22] This capital supported initial product development following the company's founding, enabling early scaling of its thin-client hardware solutions. In January 2008, NComputing raised $28 million in a Series B round led by Menlo Ventures, with participation from existing investors Scale Venture Partners and Daehong Technew.[23] The funds were allocated to accelerate product development, including advancements in desktop virtualization software, and to expand sales efforts amid growing demand for cost-effective computing alternatives.[23] A Series C round in April 2012 brought in $21.8 million, led by QuestMark Partners and joined by Menlo Ventures, Scale Venture Partners, and Daehong Technew.[24] This investment focused on global expansion and strengthening enterprise market penetration, building on the company's established position in virtualization technologies.[25][26] These funding rounds facilitated key expansion milestones, including significant deployments in the education sector. By 2010, NComputing had achieved widespread adoption in U.S. school districts and independent schools, with examples such as St. John's School in Chile deploying over 3,000 virtual desktops to enhance accessibility on limited budgets.[27] International growth accelerated through strategic partnerships and offices in regions like Asia (e.g., collaborations with NIIT in India for K-12 education) and Europe (e.g., operations in the UK).[28] Over time, NComputing evolved its revenue model from primarily hardware sales to incorporate subscription-based software services, such as annual licensing for its vSpace Pro virtualization platform, allowing recurring income from ongoing customer support and updates.[29][30] This shift, evident by the mid-2010s, aligned with the company's emphasis on software-driven virtualization solutions.Acquisitions and Recent Milestones
In 2017, NComputing acquired VERDE Workspaces, rebranding it as VERDE VDI, to integrate KVM-based virtual desktop infrastructure (VDI) software into its portfolio, enabling a full-stack solution for endpoint virtualization.[31][32] Throughout the 2020s, NComputing expanded its RX-series thin clients, culminating in the February 2025 launch of the RX540 model, powered by the Raspberry Pi Compute Module 5, which supports dual 4K displays, Wi-Fi 5, and major virtualization platforms like Citrix and Microsoft Azure Virtual Desktop.[33][34] In early 2025, NComputing released upgrades to vSpace Pro Enterprise, adding support for Windows Server 2025 and Windows 11 version 24H2, along with the UXP Turbo Protocol for improved performance and enhanced vCAST streaming for HD video.[5] Concurrently, LEAF OS received enhancements focused on performance, including updates to AVD and Windows 365 clients using SDK version 19.02.2025 and improved Microsoft Teams optimization via VERDE VDI integration.[35][36] NComputing deepened its partnerships in 2024 and 2025, including a November 2024 integration with AuthX to embed passwordless authentication into LEAF OS for enhanced endpoint security and reduced IT maintenance.[37][38] In September 2025, the company collaborated with Raspberry Pi on the Raspberry Pi 500+ all-in-one keyboard, making LEAF OS available to provide secure, enterprise-grade endpoints.[39][40] Leadership developments included the March 2024 appointment of Jürgen Graf as Vice President of Sales for Europe, bringing over 18 years of IT industry experience in endpoints and virtualization to drive regional growth.[41]Products and Solutions
Hardware Offerings
NComputing's hardware offerings center on thin and zero clients engineered for cost-effective desktop virtualization, featuring compact designs that prioritize low power consumption, peripheral compatibility, and seamless integration into multi-user environments. These devices, such as the L-series and RX-series thin clients, support multi-monitor setups and USB peripherals like keyboards, mice, webcams, and storage drives, enabling efficient resource sharing without dedicated local processing for demanding tasks. Thin clients, exemplified by the EX-series, further optimize for virtual desktop infrastructure (VDI) protocols by minimizing onboard resources while delivering high-definition video output and robust connectivity.[42][43][44] The L-series thin clients represent NComputing's foundational hardware line, with the L300 launched in 2010 as one of the earliest affordable access devices for shared computing. The L400, its successor, employs a quad-core ARM processor for enhanced performance, includes HDMI output for Quad-HD (2560x1440) multimedia, 10/100 Ethernet, three USB 2.0 ports, and USB-C power delivery at 5V/3A, all in a VESA-mountable form factor with no moving parts for silent, low-power operation. This design supports transparent USB redirection and features like vCAST streaming for smooth media playback, making it suitable for repurposing in locked-down endpoints.[42][45] Building on ARM architecture for cost efficiency, the RX-series thin clients leverage Raspberry Pi integration to deliver modern upgrades. The RX420 and RX440 models, powered by the Raspberry Pi 4, offer dual micro-HDMI ports for multi-monitor support, gigabit Ethernet, dual-band Wi-Fi (802.11 b/g/n/ac), four USB ports (two USB 3.0), and energy-saving sleep modes, with 16-bit/44kHz stereo audio output. The RX540 and RX580, introduced in 2025 and based on the Raspberry Pi Compute Module 5, provide 4GB or 8GB RAM respectively, 16GB eMMC storage, dual HDMI up to 4K resolution at 30Hz, and similar connectivity options, emphasizing locked-down security and low power draw for enterprise deployments. These devices support peripherals via multiple USB interfaces and are optimized for high-quality video streaming without dedicated GPUs.[43][33] NComputing's thin client devices, such as the EX500, focus on VDI-optimized hardware with an Intel Quad-Core N5095 processor (2.0GHz base, up to 2.9GHz burst), gigabit Ethernet, dual-band Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and dual HDMI ports supporting 4K Ultra HD (4096x2160) on two displays for high-definition video and peripheral handling. Equipped with USB 3.0 and 2.0 ports, this x86-64 based unit features a compact form factor ideal for secure, managed endpoints in professional settings. From the 2010 L300's introduction to the 2025 RX-series enhancements, these offerings have evolved to incorporate advanced ARM processors and Raspberry Pi modules for better compatibility with contemporary virtualization needs, reducing per-user hardware costs in shared environments like education labs and offices.[44][33]Software Platforms
NComputing's software platforms form the core of its thin client ecosystem, enabling efficient management and deployment of virtual desktops on resource-constrained devices. The primary offerings include vSpace Pro Enterprise for server-based desktop sharing, LEAF OS as a lightweight operating system for endpoints, and PMC Endpoint Manager for centralized device oversight. These tools integrate seamlessly to support scalable, secure access to virtualized environments without requiring high-end hardware on the client side.[46][47][16] vSpace Pro Enterprise serves as the flagship desktop sharing software, allowing organizations to host multiple user sessions on a single server. It supports up to 100 or more concurrent sessions per host machine, facilitating cost-effective multi-user access in environments like education and business. Key features include centralized session management through the vSpace Console, which enables administrators to remotely view, stop, disconnect, or block sessions as needed. Additionally, it provides native peripheral redirection for devices such as webcams, smart cards, multi-touch screens, and USB peripherals, ensuring seamless integration of local hardware into virtual sessions.[46][48] LEAF OS is a lightweight, Linux-based operating system designed specifically for transforming existing x86 PCs and laptops into secure thin clients. It offers a locked-down platform that supports access to various virtualization solutions, including NComputing's vSpace, Citrix, and Microsoft environments, while preserving the host device's original data through bootable USB or hard drive deployment. In 2025, LEAF OS received significant updates, including Secure Boot support on x86-64 platforms to enhance protection against malicious code and improved compatibility with modern peripherals and protocols like H.264 for better multimedia streaming. These enhancements in versions such as 5.12.4 and the current 6.7.2 (as of November 2025) also include Amazon WorkSpaces support, Microsoft Entra SSO, smart card authentication, native Microsoft Teams PWA, and compatibility with Raspberry Pi 500+ and UDS Enterprise 4.0, bolstering overall security and functionality, such as VPN integration and USB expansion for printers and webcams.[47][36][35][8][49] PMC Endpoint Manager, updated to version 4.2.1 in 2025, provides a web-based platform for provisioning, updating, and monitoring NComputing endpoints, including those running LEAF OS. It features zero-touch enrollment with auto-discovery and optional passcode protection for secure device onboarding, alongside a smart scheduler for firmware updates from a centralized repository. Monitoring capabilities include real-time dashboards for device status, event logging, and automated alerts via email or webhooks for issues like offline devices. This tool supports management across local and wide-area networks, making it suitable for distributed deployments.[16][50][51] Trial options for these platforms allow organizations to evaluate them without upfront commitment. vSpace Pro Enterprise offers a free download with a one-time trial mode limited to seven days and a maximum of five users, after which licensing is required to unlock full functionality. LEAF OS provides a dedicated free trial for testing its thin client capabilities. Enterprise use follows subscription models, primarily through the Annual Maintenance Program (AMP), which includes ongoing support, updates, and additional client licenses.[52][53][54] Security is embedded across NComputing's software platforms to address endpoint vulnerabilities. vSpace Pro Enterprise incorporates secure communications via encryption and supports multi-factor authentication through smart card integration for single sign-on. LEAF OS emphasizes a locked-down Linux foundation with Secure Boot and data leakage prevention. PMC Endpoint Manager adds enterprise-grade protections, including integration with Microsoft Entra ID and MFA for administrative access. These features collectively ensure compliance and protection in virtualized setups.[55][46][36]Virtualization Technologies
NComputing's virtualization technologies primarily revolve around the VERDE VDI Enterprise Edition 8.x, a KVM-based virtual desktop infrastructure (VDI) platform acquired from VERDE Workspaces in March 2017. This acquisition expanded NComputing's offerings to include a full-stack VDI solution that virtualizes desktops on Linux-based hosts, leveraging the Kernel-based Virtual Machine (KVM) hypervisor integrated with QEMU for efficient hardware emulation and performance. VERDE VDI supports host operating systems such as Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL), CentOS, and Ubuntu, enabling the creation and management of persistent, personalized virtual desktops for both Windows and Linux guests. VERDE VDI supports a multilingual interface across 10 languages, encompassing English, French, German, Italian, Portuguese, Spanish, Chinese (Simplified), Chinese (Traditional), Japanese, and Korean, facilitating global adoption in diverse linguistic regions.[31][56][57][58] The platform extends to cloud environments, including Microsoft Azure and Google Cloud Platform, allowing seamless integration for hosted deployments while maintaining compatibility with on-premises infrastructure. Protocol support includes Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) for Windows-based connections and integration with Omnissa Horizon (formerly VMware Horizon), with full compatibility for RX540 thin clients achieved in early 2025 upgrades to LEAF OS, enabling secure access via Blast and RDP protocols.[56][58][59][35][60] VERDE VDI emphasizes scalability through its stateless clustering mechanism, supporting up to 10,000 servers in a single cluster to deliver thousands of virtual desktops, with potential for over one million desktops across large-scale environments. Key features include high availability via shared storage (e.g., NAS) for data redundancy and load balancing, as well as KVM-enabled live migration of virtual machines between hosts to minimize downtime during maintenance or failures. Deployment models are flexible, encompassing on-premises setups for controlled environments, full cloud hosting on platforms like Azure, and hybrid configurations that combine local resources with cloud management—particularly suited for educational institutions and enterprises requiring remote access without VPN dependencies. These capabilities ensure robust virtual desktop delivery while prioritizing security and ease of management.[58][61][32]Operating System and Compatibility
Linux Support
NComputing's vSpace Server software provides compatibility with specific Ubuntu Linux distributions for enabling multi-user access in thin client environments. Supported versions include Ubuntu 14.04 LTS, 16.04 LTS, and 18.04 LTS, where the proprietary setup allows multiple users to connect to a single host machine via thin clients such as the L-series or RX-series devices.[62][63] LEAF OS serves as NComputing's custom Linux distribution designed specifically for thin client endpoints, repurposing x86-64 PCs and laptops into secure, centrally managed access points for virtual desktops. In 2025, LEAF OS received significant upgrades in version 5.12.4, including an updated Linux kernel to enhance overall stability and performance, alongside new drivers that expand compatibility with a broader range of hardware components. Later in 2025, version 6.7.2 was released as a major update, incorporating further enhancements for compatibility and features.[35][36] For virtual desktop infrastructure (VDI), NComputing's VERDE platform integrates with KVM hypervisors on Linux distributions, supporting deployment on Ubuntu servers to host virtual machines for both Windows and Linux desktops. VERDE leverages KVM's kernel-based virtualization capabilities, sourced directly from the host Ubuntu distribution, combined with QEMU for emulation of CPU, storage, and network components during VM provisioning. Deployment guides recommend installing KVM via package managers like apt-get on Ubuntu, followed by VERDE's RPM-based installer for seamless integration.[56] Legacy modes of vSpace Server do not support Ubuntu versions newer than 18.04, with NComputing emphasizing long-term support (LTS) releases to ensure reliability in enterprise deployments.[62] The installation process for vSpace Server on Ubuntu begins with downloading the software package from NComputing's support portal and ensuring a 64-bit LTS version is installed. Users then unzip the file, open a terminal, navigate to the directory, and run the installer script (e.g.,sudo ./install.sh) to configure the server for multi-user sessions, including enabling the open-source Nouveau NVIDIA driver if applicable. Upon completion, the system enters a free 7-day trial mode automatically, allowing full functionality without initial licensing; activation of a perpetual license (SKU: VSPACELINUX-SR-P) is required for continued use beyond the trial, obtainable via NComputing's portal or sales contact.[62][64][62]