Fact-checked by Grok 2 weeks ago

Version

A version is a specific form, variant, or adaptation of something that differs slightly from an original or other instances of the same thing, such as a modified edition of a text, software, or product.^[1] The term originates from the Middle French "version" and Medieval Latin "version-, versio," derived from the Latin verb "vertere," meaning "to turn," which underscores the concept of alteration or reorientation from a prior state.^[1] In literature and media, a version often refers to an account or retelling from a particular perspective, such as a personal narrative of events or an adaptation like a film based on a novel.^[1] Similarly, in music, it denotes an arrangement or cover of a composition, altering elements like instrumentation while preserving the core structure.^[1] In software development, versioning is the systematic process of assigning unique identifiers—such as numbers or names—to distinct states of code, enabling tracking of changes, compatibility management, and release announcements; a prominent scheme is semantic versioning, which uses a major.minor.patch format to indicate breaking changes, new features, and fixes, respectively.^[2] Religiously, versions are translations of sacred texts, notably the Bible, where English editions like the King James Version (1611) represent efforts to render Hebrew, Aramaic, and Greek originals into accessible vernaculars, influencing culture and theology profoundly.^[3] In medicine, particularly obstetrics, version describes the manual turning of a fetus from breech to cephalic presentation to facilitate vaginal delivery, with external cephalic version being a common non-invasive technique performed near term to reduce cesarean rates.^[4]

Etymology and General Usage

Etymology

The word "version" derives from Medieval Latin versionem (accusative of versio), meaning "a turning" or "translation," which stems from the Latin verb vertere, "to turn" or "to convert."^[5]^[1] This root reflects the idea of transforming or reorienting content from one form or language to another. The term entered Old French as version around the 14th century, carrying similar connotations of turning or rendering.^[6] It first appeared in English in the late 16th century, with the earliest recorded use dated to 1582, borrowed directly from the French version.^[7]^[1] Initial applications in English primarily denoted a translation or rendition of a text, often in scholarly or religious contexts. For instance, by the 1580s, "version" was employed in printing to refer to distinct editions or renderings of books, marking a specific iteration of a work produced for dissemination.^[5] Over the 19th and 20th centuries, the meaning of "version" expanded beyond literal translation to encompass iterative modifications or variant forms of works, products, and media. This evolution built on the core notion of "turning" to include successive adaptations that incorporated revisions or alterations while retaining the original essence. For example, in publishing, 19th-century texts increasingly used "version" to describe updated or corrected editions of books, such as revised scriptural translations that refined prior iterations for clarity or doctrinal alignment.^[8] By the 20th century, this sense extended to broader applications, denoting any particular iteration or adaptation in creative and commercial outputs.^[5]

Core Definitions

A version refers to a particular form of something that differs in certain respects from an earlier form or from other forms of the same type of thing.^[7] This primary sense emphasizes adaptation or variation while retaining the essential character of the original, such as a modified design or revised structure.^[1] For instance, a simplified version of a complex recipe adjusts ingredients without altering its core purpose.^[9] Secondary meanings of version include an account of an incident or event from a particular person's point of view, often contrasting with others' accounts.^[7] This usage highlights subjective interpretation, as in eyewitness testimonies where each version provides a unique perspective on the same occurrence.^[1] Another secondary sense is a translation of a text into another language, preserving the original meaning through linguistic adaptation.^[7] Examples include personal narratives of historical events, where differing versions emerge from individual recollections, or variant editions of books that incorporate textual changes for clarity or cultural relevance.^[9] The term version is distinct from synonyms like "edition," which typically denotes a specific printing or publication run of a work, often involving physical copies rather than conceptual variations. In contrast, "variant" usually implies minor or genetic differences, such as slight alterations in form without implying a sequential development.^[10] These distinctions underscore version's focus on broader adaptive forms over mere reproductions or subtle deviations. The word's roots trace to Latin versio, meaning "a turning," reflecting ideas of transformation or translation.^[7]

Computing and Technology

Software Versioning

Software versioning refers to the process of assigning unique identifiers, typically in the form of sequential numbers or tags, to distinct states of a software product to track iterative changes such as updates, bug fixes, and new features.^[11] These identifiers help developers, users, and systems distinguish between releases, ensuring clarity in compatibility and evolution.^[2] Common formats include dotted sequences like major.minor.patch, which emerged as a standardized way to convey the scope and impact of modifications.^[12] The historical development of software versioning traces back to the early 1970s, when systems like the Source Code Control System (SCCS), introduced around 1975 by Bell Labs, began using simple numeric sequences to manage file revisions in ARPANET-related software.^[13] Early practices often relied on integer-based numbering, such as Unix's v1 release in 1971, to denote sequential iterations without explicit semantic meaning.^[14] By the 1990s, the rise of open-source projects like GNU and Linux formalized these approaches, incorporating dotted notations influenced by tools like RCS (Revision Control System) from 1982, which emphasized hierarchical versioning for collaborative development.^[15] One of the most widely adopted schemes today is Semantic Versioning (SemVer) 2.0.0, formalized in 2013, which uses a three-part version number in the format MAJOR.MINOR.PATCH to communicate compatibility.^[2] Under SemVer, the MAJOR version increments for incompatible API changes (e.g., from 1.0.0 to 2.0.0, resetting MINOR and PATCH to 0), MINOR increments for backward-compatible feature additions (e.g., to 1.1.0, resetting PATCH to 0), and PATCH increments for backward-compatible bug fixes (e.g., to 1.0.1).^[2] This standard addresses earlier inconsistencies by enforcing rules that prioritize API stability, particularly in open-source ecosystems.^[16] Examples of versioning in practice include Microsoft's Windows operating system, where the transition from version 10 to 11 occurred on October 5, 2021, marking a major release with significant interface and compatibility shifts rather than incremental updates.^[17] Such schemes can lead to challenges like "dependency hell," where conflicting version requirements among software libraries create installation or compatibility issues, as seen in complex build environments. To mitigate these, best practices emphasize maintaining detailed changelogs that group changes by type (e.g., added, changed, fixed, removed) for every release, alongside comprehensive release notes that highlight user-impacting updates in plain language.^[18] These practices, rooted in SemVer guidelines, facilitate smoother adoption and reduce confusion in dependency management.^[2]

Version Control Systems

Version control systems (VCS) are software tools and methodologies designed to manage changes to documents, source code, or other files over time, enabling users to track modifications, revert to earlier versions, and facilitate collaborative work without overwriting contributions from others.^[19] These systems maintain a complete history of changes through discrete snapshots called commits, each associated with metadata such as the author, timestamp, and a descriptive message, allowing for efficient storage via delta compression techniques that record only differences between versions rather than full copies.^[20] VCS are broadly categorized into centralized and distributed models. In centralized version control systems (CVCS), all file versions and history reside on a single central server, to which developers must connect to access or commit changes; examples include the Concurrent Versions System (CVS), developed in 1986 by Dick Grune as shell scripts built atop RCS to enable multi-user access, and Subversion (SVN), released in 2000 by CollabNet as a successor to CVS with improved support for atomic commits and directory versioning.^[21]^[22] CVCS dominated software development before the 2000s due to their structured access control but suffered from single points of failure and dependency on network connectivity.^[19] In contrast, distributed version control systems (DVCS) provide each user with a full, independent copy of the repository, including its entire history, enabling offline work and decentralized collaboration; Git, created in April 2005 by Linus Torvalds, exemplifies this approach and quickly became prevalent for its speed and flexibility.^[23] Key features of VCS include branching, which creates isolated lines of development for experimenting with changes without affecting the main codebase, and merging, which integrates branches back together while handling potential conflicts through automated detection and manual resolution processes.^[19] Commits serve as the fundamental unit of change, encapsulating modifications with rich metadata to support querying and auditing history, while conflict resolution tools guide users in reconciling overlapping edits from multiple contributors.^[24] Historically, the Revision Control System (RCS), introduced in 1982 by Walter F. Tichy at Purdue University, marked a milestone as one of the first practical VCS, using reverse delta storage to efficiently manage individual file revisions and influencing subsequent systems like CVS.^[25] Git's development in 2005 was a pivotal advancement, initially created to manage the Linux kernel's source code after the proprietary BitKeeper tool's license restricted its use, revolutionizing large-scale open-source projects with its distributed model and performance optimizations.^[23] Beyond software development, VCS find applications in collaborative writing, such as tracking revisions in LaTeX documents for academic papers, and in design workflows, where tools like Git manage changes to vector graphics or CAD files in team environments.^[19]

Arts and Entertainment

Musical Versions

A musical version refers to a reinterpretation or new recording of an existing musical composition, which may differ in performance, arrangement, instrumentation, or stylistic approach while retaining core elements such as melody and lyrics.^[26] Common types include cover versions, where a different artist re-performs the song with substantially the same lyrics and melody but in their own style; remixes, which involve electronic or production-based alterations to an existing recording, such as changing tempo, adding effects, or emphasizing certain elements; and live versions, which capture performances in concert settings, often introducing improvisations or audience interactions not present in studio originals.^[27]^[26] The practice of creating musical versions surged in the 20th century, enabled by advancements in recording technology that allowed widespread reproduction and distribution of phonorecords.^[28] Prior to the mid-20th century, multiple artists often released near-simultaneous versions of popular songs as a standard industry practice, driven by the sheet music era's transition to recorded media.^[29] A prominent example is The Beatles' 1963 recording of "Twist and Shout," which transformed the original 1961 version by The Top Notes from an upbeat R&B track into a high-energy rock performance, propelling it to greater commercial success.^[30] Musical versions have profoundly influenced cultural dynamics by enabling genre shifts that introduce songs to new audiences and reinterpret them through diverse lenses, such as converting rock standards into jazz arrangements or pop hits into orchestral pieces.^[31] This cross-pollination fosters artistic innovation and signals respect for influential works, as evidenced by quantitative analyses showing covers as markers of a song's enduring impact within popular music networks.^[32] Legally, in the United States, compulsory mechanical licensing—established under the 1909 Copyright Act—has facilitated these versions by allowing artists to record covers without the original copyright holder's direct permission, provided they pay statutory royalties, thus balancing creator rights with creative reuse.^[33] In hip-hop, sampling— a form of musical version involving direct excerpts from prior recordings—sparked significant legal challenges from the 1980s to 2000s, reshaping industry practices. Notable cases include the 1991 lawsuit against Biz Markie for unauthorized use of Gilbert O'Sullivan's "Alone Again (Naturally)," which established stricter clearance requirements and nearly curtailed sampling's prevalence.^[34] Similarly, the 1990 dispute over Vanilla Ice's "Ice Ice Baby" sampling Queen and David Bowie's "Under Pressure" resulted in an out-of-court settlement, highlighting the need for licensing even brief elements and influencing subsequent hip-hop production norms.^[34]

Adaptations in Film and Literature

Adaptations in film and literature refer to the reinterpretation of original literary works into other media such as cinema, theater, or television, often involving revisions, translations, or modernizations to suit new formats and audiences. These versions transform narratives from page to screen or stage, preserving core themes while adjusting elements like dialogue, setting, or character arcs to align with visual storytelling demands. For instance, literary adaptations frequently condense expansive novels into feature-length films, emphasizing visual spectacle over internal monologues.^[35] The process of adaptation typically begins with screenwriting, where writers analyze the source material to identify adaptable elements, balancing fidelity to the original with creative liberties. Fidelity-based approaches, such as close adaptations, aim to replicate key plot points and characterizations with minimal alterations, while loose interpretations substantially rework the story, adding new subplots or updating cultural contexts to resonate with contemporary viewers. This spectrum is evident in book-to-film ratios, where novels averaging 100,000 words are often compressed into 120-minute scripts, necessitating selective omissions. Debates over fidelity highlight the tension between honoring the source and innovating for medium-specific strengths, as loose versions can introduce thematic updates like gender role reversals.^[36]^[37] Historically, William Shakespeare's plays have inspired numerous film adaptations, exemplifying how timeless narratives evolve across centuries. A prominent example is the 1999 teen comedy 10 Things I Hate About You, a loose modernization of The Taming of the Shrew, which relocates the story to a 1990s high school, transforming the shrewish Katherine into the rebellious Kat Stratford while retaining the courtship plot and witty banter. Directed by Gil Junger, the film updates Elizabethan themes of marriage and deception into explorations of dating and independence, grossing over $53 million worldwide and revitalizing interest in Shakespeare among younger audiences. Other Shakespearean adaptations, such as Baz Luhrmann's 1996 Romeo + Juliet, similarly blend original verse with modern visuals to bridge eras.^[38] In modern trends, franchise reboots dominate adaptations, particularly in superhero cinema, where interconnected universes expand literary source material into expansive sagas. The Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), launched in 2008 with Iron Man, represents a pinnacle of this approach, adapting comic book narratives across phases that interconnect films and series, amassing over $32 billion in global box office as of November 2025 through reboots and ensemble stories.^[39] Recent examples include the 2024 film Deadpool & Wolverine, which grossed over $1.3 billion worldwide and became the highest-grossing R-rated film ever, further exemplifying the franchise's ongoing success in reinterpreting characters.^[40] These versions often diverge from originals by prioritizing shared universes over standalone tales, fostering fan engagement via crossovers. Unofficial adaptations like fanfiction further illustrate this trend, serving as grassroots reinterpretations that sometimes influence official works; for example, E.L. James's Fifty Shades of Grey originated as Twilight fanfiction before becoming a bestselling novel series and film trilogy that earned approximately $1.32 billion worldwide.^[41]^[42] Platforms like Archive of Our Own host millions of such stories, blurring lines between amateur and professional versioning. Challenges in adaptations include navigating intellectual property rights and applying auteur theory, which posits the director as the primary creative force. Rights issues arise during optioning literary works, requiring producers to secure permissions that can limit changes and involve complex negotiations over royalties, as seen in disputes over fidelity clauses in contracts. Auteur theory complicates this by empowering directors to impose personal visions, potentially overriding source material—Ron Howard's adaptation of The Da Vinci Code (2006), for instance, emphasized his stylistic flourishes despite author Dan Brown's reservations, sparking debates on collaborative versus individualistic control. These tensions underscore the legal and artistic hurdles in transforming texts into multimedia versions.^[43]^[44]^[45]

Other Contexts

Versions in Publishing and Documents

In publishing, versions refer to successive editions of books, articles, reports, or other documents that incorporate corrections, updates, expansions, or reformatting to reflect new information, improved accuracy, or adapted presentation. A new edition typically involves substantial content changes, distinguishing it from reprints, which retain the original text without significant alterations. This practice ensures that published materials remain relevant and reliable over time. The creation of new versions involves iterative processes, including developmental editing for structural changes, copyediting for clarity and consistency, and multiple proofreading cycles to eliminate errors before finalization. For major revisions—such as adding chapters, updating data, or revising based on reader feedback—a new International Standard Book Number (ISBN) is assigned to differentiate the edition, while minor corrections may reuse the existing ISBN. These steps are essential in both print and digital workflows to maintain quality and traceability. Historically, the concept of document versions emerged with the advent of printing in the 1450s, when Johannes Gutenberg produced around 180 copies of the Latin Vulgate Bible using movable type, leading to variant printings that influenced subsequent Bible editions across Europe. This marked a shift from labor-intensive manuscript copying to reproducible texts, enabling corrections and expansions in later runs. By the 2000s, digital technologies transformed versioning: e-books evolved through standardized formats like EPUB, allowing seamless updates without physical reprinting, while open-access platforms facilitated collaborative revisions in scholarly articles, with open-access journals growing at 30% annually from 2000 to 2009.^[46] Today, digital documents such as PDFs often include embedded version stamps or metadata to track iterative changes, supporting rapid updates in e-book evolutions and open-access publishing. Examples abound in academic publishing, where textbooks undergo frequent revisions to incorporate emerging research; for instance, many print textbooks become outdated every three years on average, prompting new editions with updated examples and data. In digital collaborative environments, platforms like Wikipedia exemplify ongoing versioning, with its English edition featuring over 7 million articles that have accumulated billions of edits through community-driven corrections and expansions since its inception. Standards for versioning in libraries and publishing emphasize clear identification and control. The ISBN system, managed by the International ISBN Agency, mandates unique identifiers for revised editions to aid cataloging and distribution. While no single ISO standard exclusively governs document versioning in libraries, ISO 9001 provides guidelines for quality management systems, including procedures for controlling document changes and maintaining version histories to ensure accessibility and preservation.

Versions in Religion and Law

In religious contexts, versions of sacred texts often arise through translations, recitations, and canonical decisions that reflect doctrinal interpretations and historical developments. The Bible, for instance, has numerous translations that vary in language, style, and inclusion of books, influencing theological understanding across Christian denominations. The Vulgate, a Latin translation completed by Jerome in the late 4th century, standardized the Bible for the Western Church and served as the basis for many subsequent versions, including those in Syriac, Arabic, and Spanish.^[47] The King James Version (KJV), commissioned by King James I of England in 1604 and published in 1611, was produced by 47 scholars and became a cornerstone of English Protestantism, emphasizing literary elegance while drawing from earlier translations like the Tyndale Bible.^[48] In contrast, the New International Version (NIV), first released in 1978, aimed for contemporary readability and accuracy from original Hebrew, Aramaic, and Greek texts, making it one of the most widely used modern English translations.^[49] Doctrinal authority significantly shapes these versions, particularly in differences between Protestant and Catholic canons. The Protestant Bible contains 66 books, adhering strictly to the Hebrew canon for the Old Testament, while the Catholic Bible includes 73 books, incorporating seven deuterocanonical texts (such as Tobit and Maccabees) affirmed at the Council of Trent in 1546 as part of the Septuagint tradition used by early Christians.^[50] This divergence stems from 16th-century Reformation debates, where Protestants like Martin Luther rejected the deuterocanonicals as non-inspired, prioritizing the Masoretic Text over the Greek Septuagint. In Islam, versions manifest through qira'at, the variant recitations of the Quran traced to the Prophet Muhammad, with ten canonical forms recognized by scholars for their chains of transmission (isnad). These qira'at, such as those of Nafi' and Ibn Kathir, involve subtle differences in pronunciation, wording, and grammar but are viewed as mutually complementary and divinely sanctioned, enriching interpretive depth without altering core meaning.^[51] Modern revisions in religious texts often address inclusivity and linguistic evolution. The 2011 update to the NIV introduced gender-neutral language in certain passages to reflect contemporary English usage, such as changing "brothers" to "brothers and sisters" where the original context included both genders, while retaining masculine pronouns for God; this sparked debate over fidelity to source texts but aimed to enhance accessibility.^[52] In legal contexts, versions emerge through amendments to codified laws and evolving interpretations via case precedents, ensuring adaptability to societal changes while maintaining foundational principles. The U.S. Constitution, ratified in 1788, has undergone 27 amendments since then, with the first ten (Bill of Rights) ratified in 1791 to protect individual liberties, and later ones addressing issues like slavery (13th Amendment, 1865) and voting rights (19th Amendment, 1920).^[53] These amendments create successive "versions" of the document, each building on the original text without supplanting it, as seen in official publications that incorporate ratified changes. In England, common law precedents originated in the 12th century under Henry II (reigned 1154–1189), who centralized royal courts and established writs for consistent dispute resolution, fostering a system where judicial decisions bound future cases through stare decisis.^[54] Key differences in legal versions highlight tensions between static authority and dynamic evolution. For instance, doctrinal authority in religious canons parallels the binding nature of constitutional originals versus amendable statutes, but legal systems like common law emphasize precedent accumulation over wholesale revisions. The European Union's General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), effective since May 25, 2018, has seen interpretive updates through adequacy decisions and guidelines rather than textual amendments, such as the 2021 adequacy decisions for UK compliance post-Brexit and a proposed extension in 2025 to further ensure ongoing data flows.^[55] These evolutions underscore how legal versions balance permanence with responsiveness, much like religious recitations preserve sanctity amid variant expressions.

References

[1]
VERSION Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster
The meaning of VERSION is an account or description from a particular point of view especially as contrasted with another account. How to use version in a ...
[2]
Semantic Versioning 2.0.0 | Semantic Versioning
Under this scheme, version numbers and the way they change convey meaning about the underlying code and what has been modified from one version to the next.
[3]
History of the English Bible | Houston Christian University
William Tyndale (1494-1536), a gifted scholar and linguist, was the first to translate the Bible into English from the original Hebrew and Greek.
[4]
External Cephalic Version - StatPearls - NCBI Bookshelf - NIH
Dec 13, 2023 · In carefully selected patients, an external cephalic version (ECV) may be an alternative to cesarean delivery for fetal malpresentation at term.
[5]
Version - Etymology, Origin & Meaning
Originating in the 1580s from French and Medieval Latin versio, meaning "a turning; a translation," derived from Latin vertere "to turn," the word means a ...
[6]
Version Definition & Meaning - YourDictionary
Origin of Version. French from Old French act of turning from Medieval Latin versiō versiōn- from Latin versus past participle of vertere to turn wer- in ...
[7]
version, n. meanings, etymology and more | Oxford English Dictionary
version is of multiple origins. Either a borrowing from French. Or a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French version; Latin versiōn-, versio. See etymology ...<|control11|><|separator|>
[8]
19th Century English Versions - Bible Research
The Common English Version, Corrected by the Final Committee of the American Bible Union. New York: American Bible Union, 1862-64. A revised edition appeared in ...
[9]
VERSION definition and meaning | Collins English Dictionary
A version of something is a particular form of it in which some details are different from earlier or later forms.<|control11|><|separator|>
[10]
Variant - Definition, Meaning & Synonyms - Vocabulary.com
Definitions of variant. noun. something a little different from others of the same type. “a variant of the same word”. synonyms: edition, variation, version.
[11]
What is versioning and how does it work? - TechTarget
Feb 22, 2022 · Versioning is the creation and management of multiple product releases, all of which have the same general function, but are improved, upgraded or customized.
[12]
Version Numbering - Michael R Sweet
Sep 1, 2021 · Version numbering has long been a source of pain in software. Early programs either lacked version numbers or used integers (“version 1”, “version 2”, etc.) to ...
[13]
A Retrospective on the Source Code Control System
Around fifty years ago, SCCS introduced version control, demonstrated that it was both helpful and practical, and then within a dozen years or so was replaced ...
[14]
When and where was the 'dotted sequence of integers' version ...
Jun 2, 2021 · Releases were numbered as early as FORTRAN II in 1958 from IBM. Similarly Unix v1, from Bell labs in 1971, came in numbered editions. An early ...
[15]
A History of Version Control - Taryn Writes Code - Hashnode
Sep 24, 2021 · 1970s. In 1972, Bell Labs made a breakthrough in the field of version control. They created SCCS (Source Code Control System), which was written ...Missing: practices | Show results with:practices
[16]
SemVer 2.0 Released | You've Been Haacked
One of the side projects I've been working on lately is helping to shepherd the Semantic Versioning specification (SemVer) along to its 2.0.0
[17]
Windows 11 available on October 5 | Windows Experience Blog
Aug 31, 2021 · Windows 11 will start to become available on October 5, 2021. On this day, the free upgrade to Windows 11 will begin rolling out to eligible Windows 10 PCs.
[18]
Keep a Changelog
Guiding Principles · Changelogs are for humans, not machines. · There should be an entry for every single version. · The same types of changes should be grouped.
[19]
What is version control? - GitLab
Centralized version control systems store all the files in a central repository, while distributed version control systems store files across multiple ...
[20]
[PDF] RCS—A System for Version Control - GNU.org
Tichy, Walter F., “Design, Implementation, and Evaluation of a Revision Control System” in Pro- ceedings of the 6th International Conference on Software ...
[21]
Concurrent Versions System CVS - Dick Grune
CVS (Concurrent Versions System) is a program that allows multiple users to access, modify and update (pseudo)simultaneously a set of files in a directory or ...
[22]
What Is Subversion?
Subversion's History. In early 2000, CollabNet, Inc. (http://www.collab.net) began seeking developers to write a replacement for CVS. CollabNet offered a ...
[23]
Journey through Git's 20-year history - GitLab
Apr 14, 2025 · The first commit was made on April 7, 2005, by Linus Torvalds, the creator of the Linux kernel: e83c5163316 (Initial revision of "git", the ...
[24]
Version Control Systems - GeeksforGeeks
Sep 24, 2025 · A Version Control System (VCS) is a tool used in software development and collaborative projects to track and manage changes to source code. It ...
[25]
[PDF] RCS: A System for Version Control - Purdue e-Pubs
This paper presents RCS from the user's point of view. describing how to employ RCS for managing multiple versions of individual components as well as ...Missing: original | Show results with:original
[26]
[PDF] Sampling, Interpolations, Beat Stores and More - Copyright
A cover (also called a “cover song” or “cover recording”) is made when a previously recorded musical work is re-recorded into a new sound recording. Some ...
[27]
[PDF] Jazz and Innovation: The Art of Covers
Jul 15, 2024 · A cover, as defined by J.L. Ortega (2021), is “a new recording of a piece of music originally written or performed by another musician.” A cover ...
[28]
Why do we 'like a version' so much? The history of cover songs, from ...
Aug 26, 2025 · Where does the concept come from? The concept of covers originates in the American popular music industry of the early 20th century. Before ...
[29]
The history of the cover song, and why it may be making a comeback.
Oct 18, 2018 · It was a product of the business and technological conditions of the time, as documented by music historians such as Elijah Wald. Until the mid– ...
[30]
How the Beatles helped 'Twist and Shout' conquer the world
Apr 27, 2017 · The Top Notes (1961). Berns (also known as Bert Russell) wrote “Twist and Shout” with a slight Afro-Cuban swing to it. Atlantic Records ...<|control11|><|separator|>
[31]
How Remakes and Cover Versions Are Giving New Life to Classic ...
Oct 6, 2025 · A pop song can become an orchestral cover. A country song can transform into a rock song. An R&B song can shift to EDM.
[32]
Cover versions as an impact indicator in popular music
Apr 19, 2021 · In contemporary popular music, covering or adapting previous songs signals a tribute or reworking of popular hits, which implies acknowledgement ...
[33]
U.S. Copyright Office: Music Licensing Reform
Jul 13, 2005 · Evolution of the Compulsory Mechanical License. 1. Mechanical Licensing under the 1909 Copyright Act. Starting in 1905, copyright owners began ...
[34]
The 10 Most Controversial Samples In Hip-Hop History
And yet in 1991, a lawsuit over an uncleared sample threatened to snuff out the entire art form. Biz Markie, famous for comedic songs such as "Just A Friend," ...
[35]
Adaptation Theory in Film Studies - Literary Latitude
Feb 1, 2025 · Fidelity Criticism: This traditional approach evaluates an adaptation based on its faithfulness to the original text. Critics assess the degree ...
[36]
Faithful vs. loose adaptations | Craft of Film Writing Class Notes
Faithful adaptations aim to recreate the source material accurately, while loose adaptations take more creative liberties. The choice between faithful and loose ...<|separator|>
[37]
Fidelity and Intertextuality in Film Adaptations Study Guide - Quizlet
Oct 28, 2024 · Adaptations can be classified into three categories: close, intermediate, and loose fidelity, each representing a different level of adherence ...
[38]
How 10 Things I Hate About You made Shakespeare hot property
Apr 2, 2024 · 25 years ago, Gil Junger's spiky teen romance reinvented The Taming of the Shrew – and made Shakespeare cool again.
[39]
10 Things I Hate About You vs. Taming of the Shrew - CBR
10 Things I Hate About You is a modern twist on Shakespeare's The Taming of the Shrew. The basic plot is the same, but there are many key differences.
[40]
How Marvel Lost Its Way - Time Magazine
Oct 6, 2023 · Marvel Studios is losing viewers. Audiences used to line up to snag the best seats to the latest Avengers movie. Now they're queuing for Barbenheimer instead.<|separator|>
[41]
The Rise and Fall of the Marvel Cinematic Universe | The Nation
Jul 11, 2024 · The rise and fall of the Marvel Cinematic Universe: How a movie studio and its head honcho redefined moviemaking for the worst.
[42]
14 movies and TV shows you didn't know had roots in fan fiction
Sep 11, 2025 · What do "The Love Hypothesis,'" "The Kissing Booth," "50 Shades of Grey," and "After" have in common? They were based on fan fiction.
[43]
Film Adaptation Legal Issues & Challenges in Optioning Literary ...
Aug 5, 2021 · Film producers are frequently faced with film adaptation legal issues and the challenges that come with optioning literary works, ...
[44]
Auteur theory - Film Studies - Research Guides at Dartmouth College
An approach to film analysis and criticism that focuses on the ways in which the personal influence, individual sensibility, and artistic vision of a film's ...<|control11|><|separator|>
[45]
Rethinking Film Adaptation Through Directors' Discourse and Auteur ...
This paper explores contemporary auteur theory, focusing on Howard's influence in modern Hollywood adaptations. Film adaptation acts as a reinterpretation ...
[46]
Biblical translation | History, Challenges & Benefits - Britannica
Oct 24, 2025 · Jerome's Latin Vulgate served as the basis for translations of both the Old and New Testament into Syriac, Arabic, Spanish, and many other ...
[47]
Complete Guide to Bible Versions: Comparison, History, and ...
Feb 21, 2025 · Commissioned (or “authorized”) by King James I of England in 1604, undertaken by a team of 47 scholars, and released in 1611, the KJV became the ...
[48]
Timeline: Bible Translations - GodWords
It's simply a historical list of the dates of publication for each new Bible translation or version. Some dates are approximate. Beginning with the KJV, I have ...
[49]
Why Are Protestant and Catholic Bibles Different?
Nov 7, 2021 · The Roman Catholic Bible has 73 books, while the Protestant Bible contains 66. Both groups claim the Bible functions as their authority for doctrine.
[50]
Can the Qur'an Be Recited in Different Ways? The Meaning and ...
Apr 13, 2022 · All authentic qirā'āt are considered valid and divinely sanctioned, with their differences seen as complementary and harmonious, deepening ...
[51]
Gender in Bible Translation: A Crucial Issue Still Mired in ...
As we noted in Table 5, the NIV 2011 translators even retained masculine terms in some instances where literal translations like the ESV and NASB opted for ...
[52]
The Constitution: Amendments 11-27 | National Archives
Amendments 11-27 are listed below. AMENDMENT XI Passed by Congress March 4, 1794. Ratified February 7, 1795. Note: Article III, section 2, of the Constitution ...
[53]
British History in depth: Common Law - Henry II and the Birth of a State
Feb 17, 2011 · Henry II's reforms changed forever the relationship of the King to Church, State and society.Law and the State · Law before Henry II and the... · The Angevin Legal Reforms
[54]
Legal framework of EU data protection - European Commission
The Regulation entered into force on 24 May 2016 and applies since 25 May 2018. The GDPR has been incorporated into the EEA Agreement , making it applicable ...