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Stargazer

Stargazers are a of perciform fishes (Uranoscopidae) known for their distinctive , including eyes positioned on the top of their broad, flattened heads, which enables them to bury themselves in sandy or muddy substrates while keeping only their eyes and mouth exposed to passing prey. These bottom-dwelling predators are distributed worldwide in temperate and tropical coastal waters, from shallow inshore areas to depths exceeding 400 meters in some , and the family comprises approximately 57 across eight genera. Many stargazers, particularly those in the genus Astroscopus, possess paired electric organs derived from modified eye muscles that can generate shocks up to 50 volts to stun prey or deter threats, a unique adaptation among bony fishes. Their robust bodies are often camouflaged with mottled patterns, and they feature stout, venomous cleithral spines located behind the opercles and above the pectoral fins that can inflict painful stings to predators or handlers.) Stargazers employ a sit-and-wait hunting strategy, protruding their eyes above the sediment to scan for small fish, crustaceans, and invertebrates, which they rapidly engulf with their large, upward-facing mouths. The family's evolutionary history includes fossil records dating back to the , with species like Astroscopus countermani identified from ancient coastal deposits, highlighting their long-standing adaptation to benthic lifestyles. While generally not targeted by commercial fisheries due to their unappealing appearance and defensive capabilities, with only minor exploitation in some regions, stargazers play a role in marine ecosystems as opportunistic predators and are occasionally encountered by divers or anglers in regions like the Western Atlantic and . Stargazer may also refer to other entities in the natural world, aerospace, technology, and entertainment (see sections below).

Natural world

Fish

The stargazers are a family of marine fishes known as Uranoscopidae, comprising 57 species across 8 genera. These bottom-dwelling perciform fishes are distinguished by their eyes positioned dorsally on the head, enabling them to gaze upward while buried in sediment, a trait that gives the family its common name. The family is characterized by a large, cuboidal head, scaleless or small-scaled body, and a strongly oblique mouth with fringed lips adapted for suction feeding. Physically, stargazers exhibit several specialized traits suited to their lifestyle. They frequently into sandy or muddy substrates, emerging only with their eyes, nostrils, and exposed to scan for prey. Some , particularly in the genus Astroscopus, possess electric organs derived from modified eye muscles that can deliver shocks up to 50 volts, primarily for defense against threats rather than prey capture. Additionally, all members feature two large venomous spines located behind the operculum and above the pectoral fins, equipped with poison glands that can inflict painful stings on predators or handlers. Their tubular, upward-facing allow for rapid extension to engulf passing benthic and small fishes. Stargazers inhabit primarily tropical and temperate marine environments worldwide, distributed across the , , and Pacific Oceans. They prefer soft-bottom habitats such as sandy or muddy seafloors in coastal and waters, ranging from shallow intertidal zones to depths of up to 400 meters. This demersal distribution supports their sedentary, cryptic existence, where they remain motionless for extended periods to avoid detection. Notable species include the whitemargin stargazer (Uranoscopus sulphureus), a tropical reaching 45 cm in length, which buries itself on reef flats and uses an oral lure—a worm-like —to entice prey within striking distance while cirri around the mouth prevent sand ingress during respiration. Similarly, the Atlantic stargazer (Uranoscopus scaber), found in subtropical eastern Atlantic and Mediterranean waters up to 56 cm long, exhibits head-only emergence from sediment and generates both acoustic signals and weak electric pulses, with in discharge amplitude during spawning. These behaviors highlight their reliance on stealthy positioning to unsuspecting prey. Evolutionary adaptations in Uranoscopidae emphasize benthic predation, with eye placement and flattened heads facilitating surveillance from concealment without full exposure. is achieved through body coloration—often mottled browns and whites that blend with sandy substrates—and burrowing habits that render them nearly invisible to overhead predators and prey alike. Predatory strategies center on patience and surprise, including the use of lures in some species and venomous or electric defenses to secure captures or deter attacks, reflecting specialized morphological for low-energy, high-success hunting in soft-sediment niches.

Plants

The Stargazer lily ( 'Stargazer') is a renowned hybrid within the Oriental lily group ( × orientalis), celebrated for its striking upward-facing flowers that earned the name through their skyward orientation, reminiscent of gazing at stars. Developed by lily breeder Leslie Woodriff in , this was introduced in 1978 as a breakthrough in breeding to produce blooms that face outward and upward rather than drooping, derived from complex crosses involving Oriental lily , though exact parentage remains undocumented due to Woodriff's informal record-keeping. The flowers feature vibrant crimson-pink petals with white margins, dark red spots, and a golden throat, accompanied by a potent, sweet fragrance that intensifies in the evening; plants typically reach 60-100 cm in height with multiple blooms per stem in mid to late summer. Cultivation of the Stargazer lily is straightforward for temperate climates, thriving in USDA hardiness zones 3-9 where winters provide necessary chill for . It prefers full sun to partial and well-drained, slightly acidic enriched with to prevent ; bulbs should be planted 15-20 cm deep and 20-30 cm apart in fall, allowing roots to establish before winter. As a popular choice for borders, containers, and cut-flower , it requires moderate watering to keep consistently moist but not waterlogged, with mulching to retain moisture and suppress weeds; deadheading spent blooms encourages reblooming in subsequent years. Following the original pink cultivar's success, varietal developments expanded the Stargazer line in the and beyond, introducing white-flowered variants like 'Stargazer White' for purer aesthetics and yellow-toned selections such as ' Stargazer' to diversify color palettes in gardens and arrangements. These adaptations maintained the upward-facing habit and fragrance while broadening appeal for hybridizers and commercial growers. The has received the Royal Horticultural Society's for its reliability, vigor, and ornamental value in outdoor settings. Economically, the Stargazer lily ranks among the world's top-selling lily varieties, with annual global bulb production exceeding 36 million units, driven by demand for its longevity as a cut flower and ease of forcing for holidays like . Major production hubs include the , where flower bulb exports exceeded 1 billion euros in 2022 (including lilies), and the , particularly , where Sun Valley Farms pioneered its commercialization but ceased large-scale operations in 2024 due to a business downturn.

Mushrooms

The Stargazer strain of is a cultivated variety of this psychedelic mushroom species with unverified origins, often marketed as originating from spores foraged near the ancient Incan ruins of in but lacking supporting evidence. Known for its fast colonization rates and high yields, the strain has gained popularity among home cultivators since its introduction in mycology communities in the early . Physically, Stargazer mushrooms produce medium-sized fruits with golden-brown to light yellow caps measuring up to 5 in diameter, which are convex when young and flatten with age. The stems are thick and pale white, often reaching 10-13 in length, and exhibit characteristic blue bruising upon handling, a sign of oxidation. These traits make it visually distinctive within P. cubensis varieties, though it shares broad morphological similarities with the as a whole. Stargazer contains and at concentrations typically ranging from 0.6% to 1.2% of dry weight, aligning with average potency levels for P. cubensis. Consumption leads to psychoactive effects including vivid visual hallucinations, , and deep , often evoking a sense of cosmic interconnectedness. A standard moderate dosage is 1-3 grams of dried , suitable for experienced users seeking therapeutic or experiences. For cultivation, Stargazer thrives on grain-based substrates like or , with optimal colonization temperatures of 24-27°C, completing in 7-14 days under ideal conditions. Fruiting occurs rapidly, often within 7-10 days after casing, in humid environments (85-95% relative humidity) at 21-24°C, yielding abundant clusters that appeal to mycologists. Its contamination resistance and prolific flushes have made it a favorite in home growing circles. Legally, psilocybin-containing mushrooms like Stargazer are classified as Schedule I controlled substances under the U.S. and in many countries worldwide, prohibiting possession, , and distribution except for research. Culturally, interest in the strain has surged post-2020 amid growing therapeutic research into for conditions such as and PTSD, with efforts in places like facilitating clinical studies.

Aerospace and transportation

Launch vehicles and aircraft

The Stargazer is a modified commercial jet aircraft, originally constructed in 1974 and initially operated by as a passenger airliner. In 1994, (now part of ) acquired and extensively modified the aircraft at Marshall Aerospace in Cambridge, England, to serve as a dedicated carrier for air-launching the and Pegasus XL rockets, enabling the deployment of small satellites into . Stargazer's operational history began with its first rocket launch on June 27, 1994, from in , marking the maiden flight of the stretched XL variant. Over the subsequent decades, the aircraft supported 45 missions from diverse locations including , , , and the , successfully deploying nearly 100 satellites for various government and commercial customers. Notable payloads included NASA's Cyclone Global Navigation Satellite System (CYGNSS) constellation in 2016, which consisted of eight microsatellites for hurricane observation, and the Ionospheric Connection Explorer () in 2019, designed to study effects on Earth's atmosphere. The final launch occurred on June 13, 2021, carrying the U.S. Space Force's Odyssey satellite—a technology demonstrator for —demonstrating rapid-response launch capabilities in just 24 hours from payload arrival. Technically, Stargazer retains the L-1011's core dimensions, including a of 155 feet 4 inches, but features reinforced structure and a custom under the fuselage to mate with the 50,000-pound-class Pegasus XL rocket. With its three Rolls-Royce RB211-524B4 engines upgraded in 2010 for enhanced performance, the aircraft achieves a range exceeding 3,000 nautical miles when carrying a full and operates at altitudes up to 42,000 feet at speeds around 0.85. During launches, Stargazer climbs to approximately 40,000 feet at 0.8 over the drop zone, releases the rocket, which then ignites its solid-propellant stages to reach . This air-launch platform has been significant in advancing access to space for small payloads, allowing deployments from flexible locations without reliance on fixed ground infrastructure like launch pads or gantries, thereby reducing costs and enabling responsive missions for scientific and applications. Although no launches have occurred since 2021 amid competition from ground-based small rocket providers, Stargazer remains airworthy as of 2025, based at in for potential future use or testing.

Passenger aircraft and concepts

Venus Aerospace, a Houston-based startup founded in 2021, unveiled the Stargazer M4 in 2022 as a conceptual reusable hypersonic designed for . The project aims to enable ultra-rapid global travel, with the capable of reaching speeds up to , or approximately 6,900 miles per hour, allowing flights such as to in about one hour or to in under one hour. Engineered for 12 s, the Stargazer M4 represents an advancement in civilian hypersonic aviation, building on prior air-launch concepts by integrating takeoff capabilities for broader accessibility. The Stargazer M4 is powered by the Venus Detonation Ramjet (VDR) engine, which combines a Rotating Detonation Rocket Engine (RDRE) for high-thrust takeoff with an air-breathing ramjet for efficient hypersonic cruise. The RDRE, recognized as the most efficient rocket engine technology demonstrated to date, operates without moving parts, enhancing reusability and throttleability while reducing complexity compared to traditional propulsion systems. In October 2024, Venus Aerospace introduced the VDR2 variant, an upgraded iteration designed to transition seamlessly from subsonic takeoff to speeds exceeding Mach 4. This was followed by the first ignition test of the VDR2 in December 2024, validating its detonation-based combustion for sustained high-speed performance. Key design specifications include a length of 150 feet, a of 100 feet, and an operational altitude of up to 170,000 feet, providing passengers with views of the Earth's and near-space conditions. The aircraft's structure emphasizes scalability and affordability through standard materials and a compact propulsion system, with a takeoff weight of approximately 150,000 pounds. Development milestones advanced significantly in 2025, including a historic U.S. flight demonstration of the RDRE in May, where the engine powered a test to hypersonic speeds from a conventional , marking the first such achievement by a private company. Ground tests throughout 2025 further refined the VDR2's integration, paving the way for subscale flight demonstrations. Venus Aerospace has secured strategic investments to support Stargazer M4 development, including funding from Ventures in October 2025 to accelerate innovations for both and applications. The company targets a first full-scale flight by 2028, with operations anticipated in the , focusing on point-to-point that could transform . Innovations in the project address hypersonic challenges through the RDRE's efficiency, which promises lower fuel consumption than jets for equivalent distances, though ongoing continues to optimize management and environmental impacts.

Automobiles

The is a compact multi-purpose vehicle () launched in August 2022 by Motor Indonesia as an affordable family-oriented model targeting Southeast Asian markets, particularly . It features a 1.5-liter MPI gasoline engine producing 115 horsepower and 144 of , paired with an intelligent variable (IVT), and offers seating for up to seven passengers in a spacious cabin with over 30 storage compartments. The base model starts at approximately IDR 251.6 million (around $15,800 USD), positioning it as a budget-friendly option for growing families in the region. The Stargazer lineup includes the standard and the crossover-style Stargazer X, which debuted in August 2023 with elevated ground clearance, 17-inch alloy wheels, and a more rugged aesthetic for light off-road use. In March 2024, the Stargazer X received an update in , introducing X6 (six-seater with captain's chairs) and X7 (seven-seater) configurations, along with advanced driver-assistance systems (ADAS) such as forward collision-avoidance assist, lane-keeping assist, and blind-spot collision warning on higher trims. These variants emphasize versatility, with the X model adding roof rails and a higher of 185 mm compared to the standard's 170 mm. A facelifted version of the Stargazer was unveiled by Hyundai Motor Indonesia at the 2025 Gaikindo Indonesia International Auto Show, featuring Palisade-inspired styling elements like vertical LED daytime running lights, a bolder parametric grille, and redesigned H-shaped taillamps for a more premium appearance. Interior updates include a larger 10.25-inch touchscreen infotainment system with wireless Apple CarPlay and Android Auto, a digital instrument cluster, and enhanced connectivity via Bluelink. Safety improvements bring standard six airbags (dual front, side, and curtain) across variants, along with an expanded Hyundai SmartSense suite including highway driving assist and rear cross-traffic collision avoidance. The powertrain remains the 1.5-liter engine, with no confirmed hybrid variant at launch, though the facelift maintains the model's efficient combined fuel economy of approximately 17.8 km/L. The Stargazer has received positive reception for its value, practicality, and modern features, often praised as a strong contender against rivals like the in 's competitive low-MPV segment, where it offers superior interior space and technology at a similar price point. Sales in reached 15,886 units in 2023 and 11,393 units in 2024, reflecting steady demand despite market challenges, with cumulative figures exceeding 27,000 units since launch. It is produced at Hyundai's assembly plant in , with exports to markets including the and , supporting regional production capacity that reached over 85,000 units annually by 2024.

Technology and computing

Software and tools

StarGazer is an open-source bioinformatics platform developed in 2022 by a team at , designed as a Python-based tool leveraging Streamlit for interactive multi-omics analysis in . The platform facilitates the integration and exploration of diverse biological datasets through an intuitive web interface, enabling researchers to perform analyses without extensive coding expertise. At its core, StarGazer integrates , , and chemical data to prioritize drug targets, employing a scoring system that combines network analysis for insights with predictions for predictive modeling. This hybrid approach allows users to assess target viability by weighing factors such as , protein interactions, and compound compatibility, streamlining the early stages of therapeutic development. Key features encompass visual dashboards for exploring gene-disease associations, target ranking powered by hybrid intelligence that blends AI-driven recommendations with human-curated input for refined decision-making, and compatibility with prominent datasets including (TCGA) and the protein-protein interaction database. These elements support dynamic querying and , such as interactive heatmaps and network graphs, to highlight high-potential candidates. Its pipeline efficiently processes over 100 layers, generating prioritized target lists accompanied by confidence scores derived from aggregated evidence, which aids in validating candidates for experimental follow-up. Hosted on , the tool is available for use in workflows.

Gaming mechanics

In video games, Stargazer often functions as a checkpoint, progression, or summoning , particularly within souls-like, , and genres, where it ties into themes of restoration, celestial exploration, and resource management. These implementations draw inspiration from FromSoftware's design patterns, such as lamp checkpoints in , adapting them to restore player and enable navigation in challenging environments. In (2023), Stargazers serve as primary save points and fast-travel hubs, allowing players to fully restore protagonist Pinocchio's health and upon interaction, refill Pulse Cells (the game's healing consumables), replenish items from storage, and cleanse negative status effects like or . They also respawn nearby common enemies to facilitate farming for (experience currency) and facilitate leveling up stats at any unlocked Stargazer after the initial story restriction is lifted. Positioned at key locations like the start of areas or boss arenas, Stargazers emphasize strategic resting in the game's Pinocchio-inspired world, where death returns players to the last activated one with partial resource loss. The Last Faith (2023) features Stargazer as a starting class build optimized for magic-focused playstyles, scaling primarily with (for spell damage) and (for mana pool), though it requires supplementary investment in Strength for viable early-game melee weapons due to delayed spell accessibility. Mid-game unlocks include celestial-themed spells like Corrupted Star, a projectile that summons starry orbs to damage enemies at range, alongside others such as Barsov's Electrocution and Moonshade Tears, which demand high (around 20-30) for effectiveness. This build suits players favoring ranged combat in the metroidvania-soulslike , but its low starting makes it punishing without hybrid stat allocation. In AFK Journey (2024), the Stargaze Station operates as a specialized summoning system unlocked after 400 total pulls across banners, using diamonds (premium currency) to summon exclusive S-level and Hypogean heroes like Berial and Reinier, with pulls limited monthly to encourage spending. It has faced for aggressive paywalls, as event-exclusive rate-ups for like Talene increase costs compared to the broader summoning in predecessor AFK Arena, potentially gating progression for users. Unlike standard banners, Stargaze emphasizes rare faction-specific units, with 10-pull options yielding duplicates or lower rarities if mechanics fail. Other implementations include Stargazer as a aura in Sol's RNG (2025), a Roblox RNG-based collection game, where it appears as a mythical visual effect in the during events, boasting a 1 in 9,200,000 drop rate via breakthrough rolls, rewarding persistent grinding with cosmic particle animations. Across these titles, Stargazer mechanics commonly evoke motifs—such as starry or summons—enhancing immersion in souls-like endurance tests and progression loops.

Entertainment

Fictional media

In , Mobile Suit Gundam SEED C.E. 73: Stargazer is a three-episode (OVA) released in 2006, serving as a side story to Mobile Suit Gundam SEED Destiny. Set in Cosmic Era 73 immediately after the "Break the World" incident, it centers on the Deep Space Survey and Development (D.S.S.D.), a civilian group developing the experimental mobile suit GSX-401FW Stargazer for deep-space exploration beyond Mars. The narrative follows D.S.S.D. scientist Selene McGriff and pilot Sven Cal Bayang as they become involved in testing the Stargazer to evade capture by the Earth Alliance's unit, which seeks to repurpose the suit's space-warping technology for the superweapon . Their efforts highlight themes of scientific neutrality amid escalating conflict between Naturals and Coordinators, culminating in a confrontation that tests the suit's capabilities against military forces. In tabletop role-playing games, the Stargazers appear as one of the thirteen tribes of Garou (werewolves) in Werewolf: The Apocalypse, a tabletop published by . Originating from and drawing inspiration from Buddhist and Taoist philosophies, the Stargazers are depicted as introspective loners who emphasize inner balance, , and spiritual enlightenment over aggressive warfare. They integrate Eastern mysticism into Garou society, using Gifts like falling sun and starlight meditation to achieve harmony with , though their detachment from the Garou Nation's politics leads to their eventual in later editions. This tribe contrasts with more urban or combative groups, prioritizing contemplation and the to combat the . In comics and graphic novels, Stargazer is a six-issue series published by Mad Cave Studios in 2020, written by Anthony Cleveland with art by Fuso. The story explores a family's unraveling after a traumatic experienced by siblings Shae and Kenny during their childhood, blending psychological tension with supernatural elements inspired by games (RPGs) and real-life family dynamics. As the adult survivors confront resurfacing memories and eerie occurrences, the narrative delves into themes of denial, trauma, and otherworldly intrusion, culminating in revelations that challenge their reality. Separately, Stargazer (real name Angelica Briggs) is a character from DC/Marvel's 1996 Amalgam Universe crossover, fusing Marvel's Firestar () with DC's (Emily Briggs). Abducted by the subterranean Deviants of Abyssia as a child, she gains microwave energy powers and enhanced beauty, becoming a heroic figure who aids the JLX ( X-Men) against threats like the Deviant leader . In literature, The Stargazer's War is a cultivation novel series by J.P. Valentine, beginning with To Flail Against Infinity in 2023. The story follows protagonist , a former mortal turned who discovers "void "—an infinite, life-antithetical energy—in deep space, using it to ascend amid interstellar sects and cosmic threats. Blending progression tropes with hard sci-fi elements like starships and quantum anomalies, the series examines themes of isolation, power's cost, and humanity's place in the universe, with the second installment To Catch a Falling Leaf released in 2024. Stargazer also features in various non-canon fan works related to the franchise, often as a cosmic entity or altered character. For instance, in fan animations and mods like those for Friday Night Funkin', Stargazer appears as a faceless, star-themed variant of with ethereal powers, while fanfiction portrays it as a sentient star obsessed with the hedgehog hero. These depictions, spanning mods, stories, and art, emphasize exploratory or antagonistic roles in alternate universes but remain unofficial extensions of the canon.

Music

"Stargazer" is a prominent song title in rock and metal music, most notably the 1976 epic by British-American band from their album Rising. Written by guitarist and vocalist , the track runs 8:27 and features orchestral elements, including a 16-member and brass section conducted by , creating a symphonic atmosphere around its narrative of a wizard's failed quest for the stars. The song's fantasy-driven and bombastic structure have positioned it as a proto-power metal cornerstone, influencing the genre's emphasis on epic storytelling and melodic grandeur in subsequent developments. In progressive and , Belgian band Psychonaut released "Stargazer" as a on July 31, 2025, ahead of their World Maker (October 24, 2025, Pelagic Records). This sprawling, emotionally charged track blends psychedelic with influences, evoking cosmic introspection through its dynamic builds and melodic vocal layers. Several bands bear the name Stargazer, spanning and genres. The Norwegian outfit Stargazer, active since the early , delivers classic influences from and in their sound. Their 2023 album Life Will Never Be The Same (Mighty Music), produced by Søren Andersen, features the single "," a moody shifting from heavy riffs to bluesy introspection. In contrast, the Australian band Stargazer, formed in in 1995, has endured over 25 years as an avant-garde black/death metal project exploring and esoterica. Key releases include The Scream That Tore the Sky (2005) and Psychic Secretions (2021, Nuclear War Now! Productions), known for dense, complex compositions with warped basslines and growled vocals. Grunge pioneers recorded "Stargazer" in 1989 as part of their early sessions, capturing the band's raw, glam-infused sound before frontman Andrew Wood's death in 1990. The track, featuring energetic riffs and Wood's charismatic vocals, remains a fan-favorite from their unreleased demos, emblematic of pre- evolution. The Stargazer Cannabis Festival, an annual event since the 2010s in , combines music performances, arts installations, and at Adventures on the River venue. It supports marijuana through and features stages with acts like Austin & The Syd Experience, alongside workshops and competitions; the 2026 edition is slated for announcement soon. Rainbow's "Stargazer" continues to resonate in modern contexts, frequently appearing in space-themed playlists for its astral imagery and epic scope, tying into broader cultural fascination with cosmic narratives in music.

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