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Basic

BASIC (Beginner's All-Purpose Symbolic Instruction Code) is a family of high-level, general-purpose programming languages designed for simplicity and accessibility, originally developed between 1963 and 1964 by mathematicians John G. Kemeny and Thomas E. Kurtz at Dartmouth College to enable time-sharing computing on the school's GE-225 mainframe.^[1]^[2]^[3] The language emphasized English-like syntax, interpreted execution, and minimal syntax requirements, allowing novice users—particularly non-science students—to write and run programs interactively without deep technical expertise.^[1]^[4] Intended to democratize computing amid the era's batch-processing limitations, Dartmouth BASIC launched on May 1, 1964, as part of the Dartmouth Time-Sharing System (DTSS), which supported up to 300 simultaneous users and prioritized educational access over efficiency for experts.^[3]^[4] This innovation marked a shift toward interactive programming, contrasting with verbose languages like FORTRAN, and earned IEEE Milestone recognition in 2007 for its role in broadening computer use beyond specialists.^[1] By fostering immediate feedback loops, it encouraged experimentation and error correction, though early implementations relied on unstructured control flows like GOTO statements, later critiqued for promoting spaghetti code in unstructured dialects.^[5] BASIC's influence exploded with the microcomputer revolution of the 1970s, powering devices like the Altair 8800 via Microsoft BASIC—co-authored by Bill Gates and Paul Allen—and becoming the default language on platforms such as the Commodore PET, Apple II, and IBM PC due to its embeddability and low resource demands.^[6]^[7] This ubiquity trained generations in core concepts like variables, loops, and subroutines, accelerating personal computing adoption but also sparking debates over its adequacy for professional software engineering, as variants diverged into dialects like GW-BASIC and Visual Basic.^[5]^[1] Despite later supersession by structured languages, its legacy endures in educational tools and hobbyist revivals, underscoring its causal role in computing's mass democratization.^[5]^[8]

Computing

Programming Languages

BASIC, an acronym for Beginner's All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code, was developed in 1964 by mathematicians John G. Kemeny and Thomas E. Kurtz at Dartmouth College to enable students in non-scientific fields to access computing without requiring expertise in complex languages like Fortran or assembly.^[4]^[1] The first BASIC program ran on May 1, 1964, via a time-sharing system on a GE-225 mainframe, prioritizing simplicity with English-like syntax for arithmetic, loops, and input/output to lower barriers for novices.^[9]^[10] This design causally facilitated broader adoption, as implementations of BASIC became standard on early microcomputers; for instance, Microsoft BASIC (1975) powered the Altair 8800, the first commercially successful personal computer kit, by providing immediate programmability upon boot.^[11] Similarly, Commodore's adoption of Microsoft BASIC for the 1982 Commodore 64 embedded the interpreter in ROM, enabling over 17 million units sold by leveraging BASIC's accessibility for hobbyists and education.^[11]^[12] Visual Basic, introduced by Microsoft in May 1991, extended BASIC principles into an integrated development environment supporting event-driven programming and graphical user interfaces through drag-and-drop controls.^[13]^[14] It emphasized rapid application development for Windows, generating code for forms, events like button clicks, and API calls, which accelerated creation of business software and utilities until version 6.0 in 1998.^[15]^[16] Microsoft deprecated classic Visual Basic in 2002, shifting focus to .NET frameworks for enhanced object-orientation and cross-platform potential, though legacy support persisted due to its entrenched role in enterprise tools.^[13] Modern variants preserve BASIC's syntax for compatibility while adding features for contemporary systems. FreeBASIC, an open-source compiler initiated in 2004, targets Windows, Linux, and DOS with extensions like pointers and inline assembly, compiling to native binaries while maintaining QuickBASIC-like structure for legacy code migration.^[17]^[18] QB64, developed starting in 2006 as a QuickBASIC successor, emulates the full environment including graphics libraries, compiling to cross-platform executables for Windows, Linux, and macOS without altering original QBasic/QuickBASIC 4.5 semantics.^[19]^[20] These tools sustain BASIC's foundational goal of approachable syntax amid evolving hardware, avoiding the bloat of higher-level languages.

Standards and Protocols

The Basic authentication scheme for HTTP, standardized in RFC 7617 published in September 2015, transmits credentials as username-password pairs encoded in Base64 within the Authorization request header to enable simple client-server authentication for protected resources.^[21] This scheme, which obsoletes the earlier definition in RFC 2617 from 1999, operates by having the server issue a 401 Unauthorized response with a WWW-Authenticate header specifying "Basic" realm, prompting the client to encode the credentials as "Basic <base64(username:password)>" and resend the request.^[21] Functionally, it facilitates straightforward access control in HTTP-based data transmission without requiring session cookies or tokens, but the Base64 encoding provides no confidentiality or integrity protection, rendering credentials trivially reversible via decoding if intercepted in plaintext.^[21]^[22] Despite its simplicity, Basic authentication is widely critiqued for security vulnerabilities, including repeated transmission of credentials across requests and susceptibility to man-in-the-middle attacks over unencrypted connections, though it remains viable in low-risk internal networks or when strictly paired with HTTPS to encrypt the transport layer.^[23]^[24] It lacks defenses against cross-site request forgery (CSRF) and does not support logout mechanisms, as browsers typically cache credentials until session end or manual clearance.^[23] Usage persists in scenarios like API testing tools, embedded devices, or legacy systems where minimal overhead is prioritized over advanced schemes like Digest or OAuth.^[25] The Basic Rate Interface (BRI), a foundational protocol in Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) specifications developed by ITU-T in the 1980s, delivers digital voice and data services over twisted-pair copper wiring with a aggregate bandwidth of 144 kbit/s, comprising two bearer (B) channels each at 64 kbit/s for user data transmission and one delta (D) channel at 16 kbit/s for signaling and control. Defined in ITU-T Recommendation I.430 for the physical layer and supporting higher-layer protocols like Q.931 for call setup, BRI enables simultaneous circuit-switched connections, such as one for telephony and another for low-speed data, addressing early demands for integrated digital access before broadband alternatives. The D channel handles packet-switched signaling for channel establishment, teardown, and supplementary services like caller ID, while frame synchronization and error detection occur at the physical layer using pseudo-ternary line coding.^[26] BRI's design emphasized compatibility with existing telephone infrastructure, supporting distances up to 5.5 km with repeaters and powering customer premises equipment via the line, but its fixed bandwidth and synchronization requirements limited scalability compared to later packet-based protocols like DSL.^[27] Deployment peaked in the late 1980s to 1990s for applications including remote access and video conferencing, with total throughput effectively reduced by overhead to around 128 kbit/s usable payload after framing.^[28] Though largely supplanted by IP-centric technologies, BRI protocols inform legacy interoperability in telecom gateways and remain referenced in standards for hybrid analog-digital transitions.^[29]

Science

Chemistry and Physics Concepts

In chemistry, basic substances, also termed bases or alkalis, are defined as aqueous solutions with a pH greater than 7, indicating lower concentrations of hydrogen ions (H⁺) relative to hydroxide ions (OH⁻).^[30] This logarithmic scale, ranging from 0 (highly acidic) to 14 (highly basic), quantifies acidity or basicity empirically through ion activity measurements.^[30] Common strong bases, such as sodium hydroxide (NaOH), fully dissociate in water to yield OH⁻ ions, enabling proton acceptance and reactions like neutralization with acids to produce salts and water.^[31] The Brønsted–Lowry theory, formulated independently in 1923 by Danish chemist Johannes Nicolaus Brønsted and British chemist Thomas Martin Lowry, provides a proton-transfer framework for acid-base behavior, applicable beyond aqueous media.^[31] Under this theory, bases are proton acceptors, forming conjugate acids upon gaining H⁺, while acids donate protons to yield conjugate bases; this reversible process underlies equilibrium in reactions such as ammonia (NH₃) accepting a proton to form ammonium (NH₄⁺).^[31] The theory complements earlier Arrhenius definitions by emphasizing species transfer over ionization alone, enabling causal analysis of solvent-independent behaviors observed in experimental kinetics and spectroscopy.^[31] In metallurgical chemistry, basic slag emerges as a byproduct of basic steelmaking processes, where alkaline linings like calcium oxide facilitate impurity removal.^[32] The basic Bessemer process, refined in 1878 by Sidney Gilchrist Thomas and Percy Carlyle Gilchrist, employed limestone to produce phosphorus-rich slag from high-phosphorus pig iron, enabling low-cost steel from impure ores.^[33] This slag, containing 15-20% phosphorus pentoxide (P₂O₅) and substantial calcium compounds, has served as a phosphatic fertilizer since approximately 1880, neutralizing acidic soils and supplying bioavailable nutrients for crop uptake.^[34] Contemporary basic oxygen steelmaking (BOS), commercialized in the 1950s, generates similar slag through oxygen lancing of molten iron, yielding 100-150 kg per metric ton of steel with high lime (CaO) content for slag basicity.^[35] BOS slag's fertilizer utility stems from its liming effect, raising soil pH via calcium dissolution, and phosphorus availability, though free lime expansion risks require stabilization treatments like steam aging to prevent structural damage in applications.^[36] Empirical trials confirm yield improvements in cereals and legumes, attributing efficacy to micronutrient release without heavy metal toxicity exceeding regulatory thresholds.^[37]

Geopolitics

International Alliances

The BASIC group consists of Brazil, South Africa, India, and China, representing a coalition of large developing economies that coordinate positions in international climate negotiations under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). Formed through a joint agreement on November 28, 2009, immediately ahead of the Copenhagen climate summit, the bloc emerged to advocate for the interests of emerging markets against stringent, undifferentiated emission reduction mandates proposed by developed nations.^[38] Central to BASIC's negotiating stance is the UNFCCC's principle of "common but differentiated responsibilities" (CBDR), enshrined in Article 3.1 of the 1992 convention, which acknowledges that while all countries share a duty to address climate change, developed nations hold primary historical accountability due to their earlier industrialization and higher per capita emissions. BASIC countries argue that industrialized states, primarily in Europe and North America, generated the bulk of cumulative anthropogenic CO₂ emissions since 1850—estimated at around 65-75% of the global total—necessitating that they undertake deeper cuts and provide financial and technological support to developing economies before demanding symmetric obligations.^[39]^[40] This position stems from causal disparities in emission timelines: emissions from what are now developed economies dominated global totals until the late 20th century, with Europe and the United States alone accounting for over 90% in 1900, allowing them to achieve high levels of economic development prior to widespread climate concerns.^[41] In practice, BASIC has resisted binding targets that impose uniform constraints on growth, contending such measures would perpetuate inequities by constraining poverty alleviation and infrastructure expansion in populous nations with low historical footprints per capita. For instance, India's cumulative CO₂ emissions remain far below those of the United States or European Union despite its large population, underscoring the group's emphasis on equity in burden-sharing. However, critics, including analysts from energy research institutions, highlight BASIC members' rising contemporary contributions—China alone emitted 12.6 gigatons of CO₂ in 2023, comprising about 34% of the global total—as evidence that current output, driven by coal-dependent industrialization, undermines claims of perpetual exemption from ambitious reductions.^[40]^[42] This tension reflects BASIC's role in bridging G77 developing country demands with pragmatic engagement, as seen in joint ministerial meetings that coordinate opposition to proposals lacking compensation for adaptation costs in vulnerable economies.^[38]

Entertainment

Film

Basic is a 2003 American military thriller film directed by John McTiernan, who previously helmed action films such as Die Hard (1988) and Predator (1987).^[43] The screenplay was written by James Vanderbilt, with production handled by Phoenix Pictures and Intermedia Films, and distributed by Columbia Pictures.^[44] It stars John Travolta as DEA agent Tom Hardy, Samuel L. Jackson as Sgt. Nathan West, Connie Nielsen as Osborne, and Giovanni Ribisi as Ray Dunbar, among others.^[43] The plot centers on a botched Ranger training exercise in the Panamanian jungle during a hurricane, where eight soldiers vanish and only two survivors—Dunbar and Mueller—emerge with conflicting accounts.^[45] Hardy, a former Ranger, is tasked with interrogating the survivors amid suspicions of drug trafficking, mutiny, and cover-ups involving West, a harsh drill sergeant known for his brutality.^[43] The narrative unfolds through nonlinear flashbacks, revealing layers of deception, loyalty, and hidden alliances within the unit.^[46] Filming took place primarily in Panama and London, with a budget of approximately $50 million; it grossed $42.8 million worldwide upon its theatrical release on March 28, 2003. The production capitalized on contemporary interest in military operations, following the U.S. invasion of Panama in 1989 and amid post-September 11, 2001, scrutiny of special forces training.^[43] Klaus Badelt composed the score, emphasizing tension through orchestral and electronic elements.^[44]

Music

Several albums titled Basic have been released across genres, primarily in rock and country music. The collaborative album Basic by guitarist Robert Quine and drummer Fred Maher was released in July 1984 by EG Records. It consists of ten instrumental tracks characterized by experimental art rock, no wave influences, and intricate guitar-drumming interplay, drawing from Quine's prior work with punk and post-punk acts like Richard Hell and the Voidoids.^[47]^[48] Glen Campbell's Basic, issued in 1971 by Capitol Records, is a country rock album featuring acoustic-driven arrangements and covers alongside originals, emphasizing stripped-down production reflective of Campbell's transition toward folk-leaning sounds. It includes tracks like "I'm So Lonesome I Could Cry" and "It's Over," produced by Al De Lory.^[49] Tracks titled "Basic" appear in electronic and indie contexts, such as the 2025 single "Basic Being Basic" by Djo (Joe Keery), an indie rock song with psychedelic elements released independently via AWAL. Less prominent examples include electronic tracks like "Basic" by N i G H T S, a synth-pop piece from 2019.^[50]

Other Media

BASIC Computer Games, compiled by David H. Ahl and published in its microcomputer edition on January 1, 1978, by Workman Publishing, collected over 100 text-based games written in BASIC, such as Hamurabi and Super Star Trek, which users could type into early personal computers like the TRS-80 and Apple II to play and modify.^[51] ^[52] This anthology, evolving from the 1973 101 BASIC Computer Games originally for minicomputers, democratized game programming for non-experts by emphasizing simple, interpretable code that ran on limited hardware.^[53] The original microcomputer version of The Oregon Trail, developed by Don Rawitsch, Paul Dillenberger, and Bill Heinemann and published in Creative Computing magazine in 1978, was coded in BASIC for platforms including the Apple II and TRS-80, simulating pioneer life with decision-making mechanics that influenced educational gaming.^[54] The BBC television series The Computer Programme, broadcast on BBC Two starting January 11, 1982, and hosted by Chris Serle with expert Ian McNaught-Davis, taught basic computing concepts using the BBC Micro, which integrated BBC BASIC—a dialect designed for immediate execution and educational use—as its default language for viewer-submitted programs and demonstrations.^[55] ^[56] The 12-episode format included segments on writing simple BASIC scripts for tasks like data processing, aligning with the UK government's push for computer literacy amid rising home computing adoption.^[57]

Geography

Settlements and Locations

Basic City was an independent town located in present-day Augusta County, Virginia, adjacent to Waynesboro. Incorporated by the Virginia General Assembly on March 3, 1890, it occupied approximately 2,200 acres laid out in a grid plan as a late-nineteenth-century boomtown in the Shenandoah Valley, promoted for industrial development including mineral springs and manufacturing.^[58]^[59] The town's name derived from its emphasis on foundational industries, such as a novel cement production process.^[60] In August 1923, following a vote by residents of both towns, Basic City consolidated with neighboring Waynesboro—established in 1798—to form the single entity Waynesboro-Basic; the hyphenated name was shortened to Waynesboro by legislative action the following year.^[61]^[62] This merger reflected economic pressures and growth patterns in the region, with Basic City's infrastructure and population integrating into the expanded municipality, which achieved independent city status in 1948. No separate census records exist for Basic City post-consolidation, but the combined Waynesboro population was recorded as 3,279 in the 1920 U.S. Census, prior to the merger. The site's historical significance persists in surviving structures exemplifying Virginia's speculative urban developments of the era.^[59]

Organizations

Businesses and Institutions

Basic Incorporated, founded in 1915, operated in the industrial services sector, including highway and street construction, before expanding into manufacturing chemical refractories for the steel industry as a publicly traded entity.^[63]^[64] The company engaged in merger negotiations with Combustion Engineering, culminating in an acquisition agreement announced on December 20, 1978, for $46 per common share and $104.55 per convertible preferred share, after which it ceased independent operations.^[65]^[64] Basic Resources, Inc. functions as a global manufacturer and distributor of apparel, specializing in legwear, loungewear, sleepwear, and underwear for major brands, emphasizing sustainable production practices.^[66]^[67] The firm markets products designed for performance and comfort, serving wholesale clients in the fashion industry.^[68] Basic Health Brands Inc., established in 1962, develops and distributes health and wellness supplements, including vitamins and nutrition solutions under brands such as Omax Health, Flomentum, and Basic Organics. The company focuses on innovative, customized products for lifestyle goals, with a portfolio spanning eye health, women's wellness, and general nutrition.^[69]^[70] The Basic Academy of International Studies is a public high school in Henderson, Nevada, serving grades 9-12 with an enrollment of approximately 2,514 students and a student-teacher ratio of 25:1.^[71] Originally known as Basic High School, it adopted its current name in 2015 following approval by the Clark County School District Board of Trustees to incorporate an accredited International Baccalaureate magnet program.^[72] The institution offers advanced placement courses, 28 sports programs, and emphasizes international studies alongside core academics.^[73]

Language and Culture

Constructed Languages

Basic English is an auxiliary language derived from English, designed by British linguist and philosopher Charles Kay Ogden and published in his 1930 book Basic English: A General Introduction with Rules and Grammar.^[74] The system restricts vocabulary to 850 carefully selected words—comprising 600 nouns, 150 adjectives, 100 operators (such as "do," "have," "come," and "go" for forming complex expressions), and limited adverbs and pronouns—while simplifying grammar by eliminating most inflections, irregular verbs, and plurals for uncountable nouns.^[75] This design draws from Ogden's semiotic principles outlined in his 1923 collaboration with Ivor Armstrong Richards, The Meaning of Meaning, emphasizing a core set of symbols for efficient international communication without requiring native-like fluency.^[76] Ogden intended Basic English as a bridge to full English, arguing that its constrained lexicon forces users to compose ideas through compound phrases (e.g., "give attention" instead of "listen"), thereby building analytical habits transferable to richer languages.^[77] Promoted by Richards, who tested it in Chinese schools during the 1920s and 1930s, the language aimed to facilitate global trade, education, and diplomacy by reducing the barrier of English's estimated 600,000-word corpus to a learnable minimum in weeks rather than years.^[78] Winston Churchill endorsed its potential post-World War II, proposing it as an official United Nations language in 1943, though the proposal failed amid concerns over cultural imperialism and preference for multilingualism.^[79] During World War II, Basic English saw experimental use in Allied propaganda broadcasts and training materials to reach non-native audiences in occupied regions, leveraging its simplicity for quick comprehension in leaflets and radio scripts.^[80] However, adoption remained marginal; by 1945, fewer than 1 million learners worldwide had engaged with it formally, per Ogden's Orthological Institute records, due to its inability to express nuanced or technical concepts without cumbersome periphrases, which increased cognitive load and reduced appeal compared to full English or rivals like Esperanto.^[81] Critics, including linguists in mid-20th-century reviews, noted that the 850 words carried overloaded polysemy—up to 20 senses per term—shifting complexity from syntax to lexical ambiguity, undermining Ogden's efficiency claims.^[77] Postwar, Basic English influenced simplified variants in international broadcasting, such as Voice of America's learner programs, but never achieved widespread institutional backing; by the 1950s, Ogden's foundation reported stagnant growth, with usage confined to niche pedagogical tools in Asia and Africa.^[78] Its legacy persists in controlled Englishes for aviation (e.g., ICAO standards) and technical manuals, where vocabulary limits enhance clarity, though full-scale revival efforts have faltered against English's natural dominance as a lingua franca, now spoken by over 1.5 billion people in varied forms.^[79] Empirical tests, such as Richards' 1930s China trials yielding 80-90% comprehension rates for basic texts among beginners, validated short-term utility but highlighted long-term expressive deficits for advanced discourse.^[75]

Slang and Colloquial Usage

In American slang since the late 2000s, "basic" pejoratively describes people—typically young women—who favor mainstream, predictable tastes lacking perceived originality or depth.^[82] The term, often paired as "basic bitch," emerged prominently in 2009 through rapper Lil Duval's song "Basic Bitch" and comedian SpokenReasons' related content, gaining viral spread via platforms like Tumblr and early social media by the early 2010s.^[83] Usage targets conventionally feminine preferences, such as Ugg boots, Starbucks pumpkin spice lattes (PSL), and generic pop culture staples, framing them as emblematic of unadventurous conformity.^[84] Empirical consumer data underscore the term's disconnect from rarity: Starbucks has sold hundreds of millions of PSLs annually since its 2003 launch, with 2023 surveys showing 22% of U.S. adults favorable toward the flavor amid broader seasonal appeal.^[85] Ugg boots similarly achieved peak sales of over 1 million pairs yearly in the mid-2000s, reflecting normalized winter footwear across demographics rather than niche deviation.^[86] Such preferences align with universal drivers like comfort and familiarity, per marketing analyses of mass-market trends, yet "basic" discourse inverts this by equating popularity with inferiority.^[87] Critics observe the slang's prevalence in urban, progressive-leaning online circles, where it functions as status signaling against ostensible ordinariness, potentially fostering elitism over shared enjoyments.^[88] While proponents argue it nudges toward novelty and self-expression, evidence suggests limited causal impact on diversification, instead correlating with social alienation from commonplace pleasures validated by widespread adoption.^[89] This dynamic highlights inverted snobbery, shaming empirically normative behaviors to assert cultural distinction, though the term's own mainstreaming by 2014 diluted its edge into ironic self-reference.^[90]

Military

Training Programs

United States Army Basic Combat Training (BCT) constitutes the primary initial training regimen for enlisted recruits, spanning 10 weeks and structured into four phases—reception, red, white, and blue—that progressively build foundational military competencies.^[91] The program originated from World War II-era expansions, where training cycles were standardized at 13 weeks by 1941 to address deficiencies in rapid mobilization and produce combat-ready personnel, later shortened post-war before settling into the modern 10-week format.^[92] Core emphases include instilling discipline via drill, ceremony, and chain-of-command adherence; physical conditioning through the Army Combat Fitness Test (ACFT), featuring events like the 2-mile run with minimum passing times varying by age and gender (e.g., 21:00 for males 17-21 years); and basic rifle marksmanship using the M4 carbine, progressing from dry-fire to live qualification.^[93]^[91] Empirical data indicate BCT completion rates exceed 90%, with recent attrition dropping to 5.5% in fiscal year 2021 due to preparatory fitness interventions and medical screenings, though historical averages hover at 11-14% primarily from physical failure, injury, or psychological non-adaptation rather than disciplinary issues.^[94]^[95] Outcomes demonstrate substantial gains in recruit preparedness: average ACFT scores improve markedly, marksmanship hit probabilities rise to 70-80% on pop-up targets, and unit cohesion metrics reflect enhanced discipline, enabling transition to advanced individual training with reduced subsequent failure rates.^[96] Similar "basic" programs exist across U.S. military branches, such as the Marine Corps' 13-week recruit training at Parris Island or San Diego, which intensifies physical demands (e.g., 3-mile runs) and marksmanship to foster combat resilience, yielding comparable 85-90% graduation rates amid higher injury attrition. Navy Recruit Training Command's 10-week regimen prioritizes seamanship basics alongside fitness and weapons handling, with attrition around 10% tied to swimming qualifications and stress screening. These regimens collectively prioritize causal factors like physiological adaptation and behavioral conditioning over rote knowledge, evidenced by longitudinal studies showing sustained performance edges in deployed settings.^[97]

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Analysis: Which countries are historically responsible for climate ...
Oct 5, 2021 · The 0.2GtCO2 released in 1850 amounts to just half a one percent of the roughly 37GtCO2 that is likely to be emitted in 2021. Nevertheless, ...
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CO₂ emissions - Our World in Data
We see that until well into the 20th century, global emissions were dominated by Europe and the United States. In 1900, more than 90% of emissions were produced ...
[42]
CO2 Emissions in 2023 – Analysis - IEA
China's CO 2 emissions grew 565 Mt in 2023 to reach 12.6 Gt. This represents an increase of 4.7%, as emissions from energy combustion increased 5.2%.
[43]
Basic (2003) - IMDb
Rating 6.4/10 (68,917) Basic: Directed by John McTiernan. With John Travolta, Connie Nielsen, Samuel L. Jackson, Tim Daly. Maverick DEA Agent Tom Hardy investigates the ...Full cast & crew · Plot · Basic · Trivia
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Full cast & crew - Basic (2003) - IMDb
Basic ; Director · John McTiernan ; Writer · James Vanderbilt ; Composer · Klaus Badelt ; Cinematographer · Steve Mason ; Editor · George Folsey Jr.
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Watch Basic | Netflix
Basic ... When an Army training mission goes horribly wrong during a hurricane in Panama, a former Ranger tries to unravel conflicting accounts of what happened.
[46]
Basic - Rotten Tomatoes
Rating 21% (140) Discover reviews, ratings, and trailers for Basic on Rotten Tomatoes. Stay updated with critic and audience scores today!Missing: titled | Show results with:titled
[47]
https://www.discogs.com/master/70698-Robert-Quine-Fred-Maher-Basic
[48]
Basic - Fred Maher, Robert Quine | Album - AllMusic
Rating 7.4/10 (21) Basic by Fred Maher, Robert Quine released in 1984. Find album reviews, track lists, credits, awards and more at AllMusic.
[49]
https://www.discogs.com/release/2294354-Glen-Campbell-Basic
[50]
The Japanese Popstars mix - Groove Armada - Spotify
Lyrics. Well it's comfy musical ting called. Groove Armada, featuring Stush and Red Rat, of course. Dip and galang, dip and stand up. Body basic, it won't dance ...
[51]
BASIC Computer Games: Microcomputer Edition - Amazon.com
30-day returnsPublication date, January 1, 1978 ; Edition, Microcomputer ed ; Language, ‎English ; Print length, 188 pages ; ISBN-10, 0894800523.
[52]
Updating "101 Basic Computer Games" for 2022 and beyond
Jan 30, 2021 · An updated version of the classic "Basic Computer Games" book, with well-written examples in a variety of common MEMORY SAFE, SCRIPTING programming languages.Missing: video | Show results with:video
[53]
BASIC Computer Games - Matthew Reed's TRS-80.org
It was called 101 BASIC Computer Games and had a first printing date of July 1973, predating the era of personal microcomputers. The games printed in 101 BASIC ...<|separator|>
[54]
What are some of the most impressive games or applications written ...
May 31, 2012 · The original version of Oregon Trail, as published in the May/June issue of Creative Computing Magazine in 1978, was written in BASIC.Which games were written in low level language code but are still ...What is the first video game ever written in BASIC? - QuoraMore results from www.quora.com
[55]
The Computer Programme - BBC Computer Literacy Project
The Computer Programme. This series looked at all major aspects of computing, using a naive presenter (Chris Serle) and a computer expert - Ian McNaught Davis.
[56]
The Computer Programme -- Early BBC Educational SeriesFrankly ...
Apr 6, 2016 · In 1982, the BBC presented a television series called The Computer Programme that went along with its own computer and Basic interpreter.
[57]
The Computer Programme - It's Happening Now
BBC commissioned and produced The Computer Literacy Project. This created the BBC Micro A and B home computers, and taught viewers how to program.
[58]
[PDF] The Founding of Basic City, Virginia to its merger with Waynesboro ...
On March 3, 1890, the Virginia General Assembly approved the incorporation of Basic City. The newly created town purchased land from the BSMMLC including Lithia ...
[59]
Basic City | SAH ARCHIPEDIA
In 1923 it was consolidated with Waynesboro. Basic City is one of the best examples of the many Valley boomtowns created in the late nineteenth century along ...Missing: annexation | Show results with:annexation
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Map of Basic City. Augusta County, Virginia. November 1st, 1890 ...
Basic City, now known as Waynesboro, is located in the Shenandoah Valley, Augusta County. Basic City was incorporated in 1890. The town was named for a new ...
[61]
Cities of Virginia - Encyclopedia Virginia
It was consolidated with Basic City in 1923 as Waynesboro-Basic. A year later the General Assembly changed the name to Waynesboro, which became a city by an ...
[62]
Charter - Waynesboro - Virginia Law
Named Waynesborough for Revolutionary War General Anthony Wayne. Town laid out in 1797. Consolidated with Basic City in 1923. Incorporated as a city in 1948.
[63]
Basic Inc - Company Profile and News - Bloomberg Markets
Basic Inc was founded in 1915. The Company's line of business includes highway and street construction. SECTOR. Industrials. INDUSTRY. Industrial Services ...Missing: named | Show results with:named
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[PDF] Basic Inc. v. Levinson, 485 U.S. 224 (1988). - Loc
Prior to December 20, 1978, Basic Incorporated was a pub- licly traded company primarily engaged in the business of manufacturing chemical refractories for ...<|separator|>
[65]
Combustion Engineering To Acquire Basic Inc. - The New York Times
Dec 21, 1978 · Combustion Engineering Inc reaches agreement to acquire Basic Inc for $46 a share for common stock and $104.55 a share of convertible ...Missing: history | Show results with:history
[66]
Basic Resources Official Website - Basic Resources
Basic Resources markets, manufactures and distributes apparel for many of today's biggest brands, providing sustainable, superior performance that sets us apart ...
[67]
Basic Resources, Inc. | LinkedIn
Basic Resources is committed to creating the legwear, loungewear and underwear that feels as good as it looks. Responsible for many of today's leading brands.Missing: named | Show results with:named
[68]
Learn About Who We Are - Basic Resources
Basic Resources is committed to creating the legwear, loungewear, sleepwear and underwear that feels as good as it looks.
[69]
Basic Health Brands | LinkedIn
Our portfolio includes leading brands like Omax Health, Flomentum, O-Shot Women, Basic Organics, Pura Salud, Harvest of Nature, EyeScience, and more, each ...
[70]
https://basichealthbrands.com/
[71]
Basic Academy of International Studies in Henderson, NV - Niche
Rating 3.7 (405) Basic Academy of International Studies is a public school located in HENDERSON, NV. It has 2514 students in grades 9-12 with a student-teacher ratio of 25 ...
[72]
Alumni - Basic Academy of International Studies
In 2015, the Clark County School District Board of Trustees approved a name change from Basic High School to Basic Academy of International Studies. This change ...Missing: institutions | Show results with:institutions
[73]
Basic Academy of Int'l Studies High School - Henderson, Nevada - NV
Basic Academy of Int'l Studies High School is a magnet school in Henderson, NV, offering AP courses, International Baccalaureate, and 28 sports.
[74]
Ogden's Basic English
Dec 20, 1996 · We call this simplified language Basic English, the developer is Charles K. Ogden, and was released in 1930 with the book: Basic English: A General ...Missing: invention date
[75]
The Words on the Screen: I. A. Richards as Media Theorist
Dec 1, 2023 · Richards and his collaborator, C. K. Ogden, devised a simplified form of English consisting of 850 words, which they claimed was sufficient to ...
[76]
[PDF] The application of CK Ogden's semiotics in Basic English
In this paper, we engage in a critical examination of the design of Basic and demonstrate how it essentially represents an implementation of the key doctrines ...
[77]
[PDF] Vocabulary in language teaching
Basic English merely shifted the learning burden to learning many mean- ing senses. In fact, it has been estimated that the 850 words of Basic Eng- lish ...
[78]
Ogden's Basic English - Definitions and Discussion - ThoughtCo
Jan 6, 2020 · Basic English is a version of the English language made simple by limiting the number of its words to 850, and by cutting down the rules for using them.
[79]
the past, present and future of basic english: how c. k. ogden's ...
Among the profusion of artificial languages created from the end of the 19th century until our days, Ogden's Basic English distinguishes itself for being ...
[80]
The application of C.K. Ogden's semiotics in Basic English
Aug 5, 2025 · In this article, I will engage in a critical examination of the design of Basic English and demonstrate how it essentially represents an ...Missing: adoption | Show results with:adoption
[81]
[PDF] Basic English - Contemporary Literature Press
Charles Ogden (1889-1957) was a linguist and a language philosopher: to him the word was as real as any other object in his hands. He demonstrated.Missing: adoption | Show results with:adoption
[82]
basic Meaning & Origin | Slang by Dictionary.com
Dec 4, 2018 · In slang, basic characterizes someone or something as unoriginal, unexceptional, and mainstream. It is especially used of young women.
[83]
basic bitch Meaning & Origin | Slang by Dictionary.com
Mar 1, 2018 · Basic bitch is a term used to condescendingly refer to women who have predictable or unoriginal style, interests, or behavior.
[84]
“Basic”: a beginner's guide to everyone's favorite new insult | Vox
Apr 22, 2014 · Basic, in its early days, was more or less a way to say that someone was unsophisticated. And when it's passed to us by way of Kreayshawn, ...Missing: origins | Show results with:origins
[85]
5 Unexpected Consumer Insights About Pumpkin Spice Latte Fans
Sep 6, 2023 · Data show that 22% of US adults are favorable to pumpkin spice lattes (while 41% are unfavorable, and 38% are either neutral or haven't tried one).<|control11|><|separator|>
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Pumpkin spice won. It's time to accept it and move on.
Sep 1, 2022 · Emily Contois, an assistant professor at the University of Tulsa who studies food and media, likened the flavor's mainstreaming to that of Uggs, ...
[87]
A Terrible Week for Pumpkin Spice - The Atlantic
Aug 29, 2025 · Instead, pumpkin spice only continued to rise. It became a personality. Pumpkin spice was a 20-something white girl in Ugg boots who kept a ...
[88]
On being basic - The Stanford Daily
Mar 7, 2018 · “Basic” is an adjective that translates to “only interested in things mainstream, popular, and trending,” but this is a rare circumstance in which Urban ...Missing: origins | Show results with:origins
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Why I'm proud to be a 'basic bitch' | Daisy Buchanan - The Guardian
Apr 14, 2014 · According to the video, the interests of a basic bitch may include cupcakes, Sex and the City, aggressively branded sweatpants, photo frames ...Missing: slang popularization
[90]
Gen Z Slang: Basic Meaning - FamilyEducation
Jul 23, 2024 · In the context of Gen Z slang, "basic" refers to someone who is perceived as dull, mainstream, or unoriginal, often adhering to popular ...
[91]
Basic Combat Training | U.S. Army
Basic Training consists of four phases over 10 weeks, where you'll learn about the Army and train to become a Soldier. Once completed, your day-to-day will ...Missing: structure | Show results with:structure
[92]
How to ace U.S. Army Basic Combat Training - Task & Purpose
Jan 18, 2024 · In 1941, the War Department changed the previously established training standards to train troops for WWII better. The Army started a 13-week ...
[93]
Army Fitness Test & Requirements (AFT)
Two-Mile Run (2MR). Run two miles on a generally flat outdoor course while being timed. Two-Mile Run. 1 / 5. The AFT scoring scale. The AFT is scored using ...Two-Mile Run · 3 Repetition Maximum Deadlift... · Hand-Release Push-Up
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Army hits end-strength goals through high retention, lower basic ...
Oct 20, 2021 · Because of the recent changes, the attrition rate during BCT has reduced from 10.8 percent in fiscal 2020 to 5.5 percent in fiscal 2021.Missing: completion | Show results with:completion
[95]
What is the dropout rate for basic training in each branch of the US ...
Jul 26, 2024 · According to liveaboutdotcom below are the attrition rates for each branch. · US Air Force- 7–8% · Navy, Army and Marines 11–14% · The cited ...What is the attrition rate for new recruits in the US military during ...What is the success rate for recruits completing US Army Basic ...More results from www.quora.com
[96]
Military Basic Training Resources
The focus is on self-discipline, teamwork combat skills, night training, hand-to-hand combat and weapons training, basic rifle marksmanship and physical fitness ...
[97]
Factors Predicting Training Delays and Attrition of Recruits during ...
Jun 14, 2022 · While recent unpublished findings indicate that the discharge rate from the current 12-week BMT course is approximately 10%, an additional 9% of ...