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InterDigital

InterDigital, Inc. is a multinational company specializing in communications, video coding, (AI), and related technologies. Founded in 1972 as International Mobile Machines Corporation by inventor Sherwin Seligsohn, the company has pioneered key advancements in digital cellular technology, including early contributions to standards and the development of compact chipsets like the SlimChip for high-speed packet access (HSPA). Headquartered in , InterDigital operates research labs across the , , , and the , employing a global team dedicated to innovation. The company's core mission is to invent technologies that connect generations of cellular networks and enable devices shaping the future, emphasizing , , and in a world. InterDigital's Wireless Lab drives evolution in radio access, core networks, and service enablers, contributing essential patents to global standards bodies such as and ITU. Its Video Lab advances media and distribution to enhance experiences while minimizing and power consumption, supporting standards like MPEG. Meanwhile, the AI Lab incubates next-generation applications, including immersive technologies and explorations; in October 2025, InterDigital acquired AI startup Deep Render to advance video using . As a global pure-play R&D and licensing firm, InterDigital generates revenue primarily through licensing its extensive patent portfolio to manufacturers, operators, and other partners, fostering collaborations with startups, governments, and . Notable achievements include supporting Nokia's early developments and establishing secure mobile communications systems in the . Listed on under the ticker IDCC, InterDigital continues to lead in emerging fields, powering extraordinary experiences in an increasingly connected ecosystem.

Corporate History

Founding and Early Development

InterDigital was founded in 1972 as International Mobile Machines Corporation (IMM) by inventor Sherwin Seligsohn in . The company initially concentrated on pioneering portable communication devices, developing the world's first handheld analog prototype in the 450 MHz band, which represented a breakthrough in pocket-sized cordless phone technology. This innovation laid the groundwork for IMM's early focus on , with demonstrations of the device occurring as early as during Philadelphia's U.S. bicentennial celebrations in . In the mid-1970s, IMM shifted toward technologies, engineering a (TDMA) wireless cell phone system that contributed significantly to the establishment of the IS-54 TDMA standard for cellular communications in the United States during the . The company's patented TDMA inventions formed fundamental elements of second-generation () wireless networks, enabling more efficient spectrum use and supporting the transition from analog to services. Additionally, in the late , IMM advanced secure communications. By the early 1990s, IMM had evolved through strategic mergers, acquiring SCS Mobilecom and SCS Telecom Inc. in 1992 to form InterDigital Communications Corporation under CEO William J. Erdman, reflecting a broader emphasis on integrated digital wireless solutions. The company went public in 1981 on the American Stock Exchange. It began trading on the stock exchange under the IDCC on April 26, 2000. A key technological milestone came in 2007 with the launch of the SlimChip, InterDigital's first High-Speed Packet Access (HSPA) family, which delivered high-performance processing and broadband modem capabilities for mobile devices, advancing the company's role in next-generation wireless innovation.

Key Milestones and Expansion

In the early , InterDigital transitioned from chips and to a pure (R&D) and licensing model, beginning with the commercialization of its technologies through patent licensing agreements. This strategic shift culminated in 2007 when the company fully exited hardware production, focusing instead on to leverage its innovations in wireless communications. Building on its foundational contributions to digital wireless technologies in prior decades, this pivot enabled sustained growth by emphasizing R&D investments over product fabrication. A pivotal moment came in 2014 with the resolution of ongoing patent disputes through a multi-year, royalty-bearing license agreement with , covering , , and future-generation wireless products. This deal not only settled all litigation between the parties but also validated InterDigital's licensing approach, providing financial stability and affirming the value of its portfolio in mobile ecosystems. During the , InterDigital expanded beyond core wireless into video and (IoT) domains, actively participating in standards development for (HEVC) and joining key alliances such as the in 2008 and the Alliance in 2015. These efforts diversified its technology scope, integrating video compression and connected device innovations into its licensing strategy while contributing to broader industry . Leadership transitioned in 2021, with William J. Merritt, who had served as President and CEO since 2005, retiring after guiding the company through its R&D-focused evolution; he was succeeded by Liren Chen on April 5, 2021, bringing extensive experience from in wireless standards and licensing. Under Chen's tenure, InterDigital continued strategic growth. In 2024, the company achieved record revenue of $869 million, a 58% increase year-over-year, propelled by 14 new licensing agreements with major players including , , , , and TPV. Early 2025 saw further expansion with the acquisition of over 300 U.S. patents related to (CDN) technologies from the bankrupt provider , enhancing its portfolio in media delivery. Concurrently, InterDigital has deepened involvement in and standardization through leadership roles in , including contributions to Release 20, which bridges current enhancements with future specifications starting in 2025.

Business Operations

Research and Development Focus

InterDigital operates as a pure-play company, focusing exclusively on innovation in , video, and related technologies without or selling products. This model allows the firm to channel substantial resources into foundational research, with annual R&D expenses exceeding $100 million; for instance, in 2024, these expenses reached $197 million. In the third quarter of 2025, R&D expenses were $53.7 million. The company's R&D efforts are structured around specialized labs, including the Lab for advancing radio access and core network technologies, the Video Lab for compression and delivery innovations, and the AI Lab for applications in communications. These labs are supported by the Standards Group, which coordinates contributions to global processes. A key aspect of InterDigital's strategy involves extensive collaborations with academic institutions to foster joint research projects and talent development. The company maintains partnerships with nearly 20 prominent universities across the , , and , including recent agreements with on AI-enabled immersive media over networks and on in wireless through the NextG Corporate Program. These alliances enable the integration of cutting-edge academic insights with industry expertise, accelerating the translation of theoretical advancements into practical innovations. InterDigital prioritizes forward-looking research that influences international standards bodies, such as the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) and the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), where it actively proposes and refines specifications for next-generation networks. The firm also engages in industry consortia like 5G Americas, co-authoring white papers on 3GPP technology trends and 5G-Advanced features to guide ecosystem evolution. This standards-oriented approach has defined InterDigital's innovation strategy for over 40 years, with contributions to cellular technologies from the 2G era—where it pioneered TDMA and CDMA advancements—to current work on 6G through 3GPP Release 20 studies. In line with its commitment to emerging areas, InterDigital opened a new office in , in 2025, specifically to advance and research in for wireless communications, including techniques like constellation learning to mitigate signal distortions. This facility enhances the company's capacity for interdisciplinary R&D and strengthens ties with nearby academic and industry partners. Such initiatives underscore InterDigital's focus on generating essential through collaborative, standards-driven .

Patent Portfolio and Licensing Model

InterDigital owns over 30,000 granted patents and pending applications worldwide, forming the core of its intellectual property assets. This extensive portfolio includes more than 13,000 patents and applications related to 5G multi-mode cellular devices, over 2,000 in the 802.11 Wi-Fi standard, approximately 2,200 in the HEVC video codec, and more than 500 patent families in AI technologies. Since 2012, third-party analyst studies evaluating patents likely essential to 3G, 4G, and 5G cellular wireless standards have consistently ranked InterDigital among the top three holders. The company's business model revolves around licensing this portfolio, with revenue almost entirely derived from licenses rather than product sales. InterDigital commits to offering its standard-essential s (SEPs) on fair, reasonable, and non-discriminatory (FRAND) terms, a policy it has upheld in negotiations across multiple standards bodies. Over two decades of licensing, InterDigital has negotiated hundreds of agreements, enabling widespread adoption of its technologies in billions of devices. To protect its , InterDigital has pursued enforcement through the U.S. International Trade Commission (), federal courts, and international venues, securing favorable initial determinations, verdicts, and injunctions—such as the 2024 Court of Appeal decision increasing royalties from , a November 2024 High Court ruling declining an interim FRAND license declaration in the Lenovo dispute, preliminary injunctions against in in September 2025, and a German injunction against in November 2025. However, the company emphasizes negotiated settlements, as seen in resolutions with in 2014 and via arbitration in 2025, which resolved disputes without prolonged litigation. In , InterDigital expanded its video-related holdings by acquiring 327 U.S. patents from the bankrupt provider for $4.25 million, enhancing its capabilities in video delivery and supporting ongoing against streaming services. This licensing-centric approach drove record revenue of $869 million and an adjusted EBITDA margin of 63%. In the third quarter of , revenue reached $164.7 million.

Technology Areas

Wireless and IoT Innovations

InterDigital has played a pivotal role in advancing communication standards since the early days of cellular . The company contributed foundational innovations to (TDMA) systems in the 1970s and 1980s, enabling the transition from analog to cellular networks for deployments. Building on this, InterDigital developed key technologies for (CDMA), which became a cornerstone of networks, improving and supporting higher data rates for . For Long-Term Evolution (), InterDigital's contributions included enhancements to (OFDM) and Multiple-Input Multiple-Output () techniques, optimizing spectrum use and enabling widespread high-speed internet access on mobile devices. These efforts extended into , where InterDigital contributed to developments in Releases 15 through 18, focusing on ultra-reliable low-latency communications and massive machine-type communications to support diverse applications. Looking ahead, InterDigital is actively shaping through research on Integrated Sensing and Communication (ISAC), a that merges radar-like sensing with to enable environmental awareness in . ISAC enhances network efficiency by allowing base stations to detect and map surroundings, such as user positions or obstacles, without dedicated sensors, paving the way for applications in autonomous systems and smart environments. This work is highlighted in collaborative reports with ABI Research, emphasizing ISAC's role in Release 20 as a bridge to standards, alongside AI-native radio access . In the (IoT) domain, InterDigital has advanced low-power wide-area networks (LPWAN) to connect battery-constrained devices over long distances, supporting standards like NB-IoT and for efficient, scalable deployments in smart metering and asset tracking. The company has also pioneered integrations for IoT smart devices, processing data locally to reduce latency and bandwidth demands in environments, as demonstrated in industrial applications requiring real-time analytics from sensors. Additionally, InterDigital holds patents essential to (EV) charging protocols, enabling secure and efficient communication between chargers, vehicles, and grids; this includes a 2025 licensing agreement with an EV charger manufacturer covering residential and commercial solutions for and . Key projects underscore InterDigital's practical impact on wireless and infrastructure. The 5G-Crosshaul (Xhaul) initiative, in which InterDigital participated as a lead contributor, developed an integrated backhaul and fronthaul transport network to flexibly interconnect radio access and core elements using software-defined architectures, demonstrated over millimeter-wave systems for high-capacity, low-latency transport. In user localization for dense networks, InterDigital's research supports positioning enhancements, leveraging ISAC for centimeter-level accuracy in crowded urban or indoor settings, vital for applications like and public safety. For secure communications in industrial , the company has showcased solutions in smart factory demonstrations, integrating with edge processing to protect data flows in automation systems, ensuring resilience against cyber threats through standardized protocols. InterDigital's innovations extend to Wi-Fi enhancements, with contributions to IEEE 802.11ax () and 802.11be () standards improving multi-user efficiency and spectral utilization in dense environments. The company holds over 2,000 patents related to these Wi-Fi generations, focusing on features like (OFDMA) and multi-link operations to boost throughput for and consumer devices. As of 2025, InterDigital anticipates significant growth in enterprise use cases, particularly in vertical industries like manufacturing automation, where private networks enable real-time , predictive maintenance, and , unlocking billions in economic value. These advancements are licensed broadly to device makers and network operators, supporting widespread adoption.

Video, AI, and Emerging Technologies

InterDigital holds a prominent position in video standards, with over 2,200 patents related to (HEVC, also known as H.265) and more than 4,000 patents covering (, H.266), enabling efficient compression for high-resolution streaming and broadcasting. These patents stem from foundational contributions to international standards developed by bodies like the Joint Video Exploration Team (JVET), where InterDigital's research has advanced low-latency codecs essential for and multimedia distribution. Additionally, the company's innovations extend to and feature compression for immersive media, including leadership in point cloud compression standards such as the upcoming D-Mesh from MPEG and MPEG Immersive Video (MIV) Version 1, which support parallax-enabled viewing and context-aware experiences optimized for and networks. Human motion reconstruction is addressed through AI-based video representation techniques in InterDigital's MetaVideo Standards efforts, facilitating dynamic content generation for applications like virtual production. The company's AI and Machine Learning (AI/ML) Lab emphasizes deep learning applications tailored to both video and wireless domains, holding over 500 AI-related patents. In wireless optimization, deep neural networks are employed for quasi-real-time inference to manage dynamic channel states, thereby reducing signal distortions and enhancing in and beyond systems. For video encoding, AI acceleration integrates with traditional methods via frameworks like CompressAI, enabling machine-to-machine that outperforms legacy standards in bitrate . The lab also applies (NLP) techniques to analyze vast patent corpora, streamlining management and innovation discovery. InterDigital's exploration of emerging technologies includes for secure communications in future wireless networks and protocols for device authentication, aiming to address scalability and trust challenges in distributed systems. In immersive technologies, research supports (AR) and (VR) through AI-enhanced codecs that reduce bitrates while preserving quality for (XR) environments. These efforts build on the company's major patent holdings in video standards, further strengthened by the February 2025 acquisition of patents from a bankrupt (CDN) provider, which bolsters capabilities in efficient media delivery over networks. In 2025, InterDigital advanced AI-driven foundational research reshaping video and wireless frontiers, highlighted by the October acquisition of Deep Render, an AI startup specializing in neural video codecs that achieve up to 50% bitrate reductions beyond VVC for next-generation compression. This integrates with ongoing academic collaborations on AI-native codecs, including joint explorations with universities to develop hybrid traditional-AI solutions for immersive and high-fidelity video, as showcased at events like IBC 2025. Such projects underscore InterDigital's role in converging AI with video processing, briefly intersecting with wireless standards for end-to-end optimization in media delivery. In November 2025, InterDigital filed a lawsuit against Amazon alleging infringement of 10 video-compression patents, reinforcing its position in video standards enforcement.

Partnerships and Licensees

Major License Agreements

InterDigital has secured hundreds of agreements with manufacturers of devices, , and service providers, emphasizing standard-essential s (SEPs) that enable compliance with global standards like , , and . These deals form the core of its business model, generating royalties based on licensed product sales and often resolving litigation to ensure broad adoption of its technologies. A landmark agreement came in 2014 with Samsung Electronics, resolving global patent litigation through a royalty-bearing license covering Samsung's sales of 3G, 4G, and certain future-generation wireless products. This multi-year deal, valued at around $500 million upfront, provided Samsung with worldwide rights and set a precedent for InterDigital's SEP licensing in mobile communications. The agreement was renewed in January 2023 through binding arbitration, with final terms—including catch-up payments and a total value of approximately $1.05 billion over eight years—determined in July 2025, contributing to a 34% year-over-year increase in InterDigital's Q2 2025 revenue to $300.6 million, driven by smartphone licensing. Other pivotal wireless licensees from the 3G and 4G eras include Apple, Nokia, Huawei, and LG Electronics. InterDigital signed a multi-year, royalty-bearing license with Apple in 2016 for its cellular and wireless products, renewed in 2022 for seven years at approximately $938 million, yielding about $134 million annually. Nokia settled a long-standing dispute in 2006 with a $253 million payment, granting a paid-up license for 2G and 3G technologies and resolving related litigation. Huawei entered a 2016 multi-year deal for 3G and 4G terminal units with cash royalties, extended in 2020 to encompass 5G products and dismiss pending disputes. LG Electronics agreed to a 2017 multi-year license for 3G, 4G, and 5G terminal units, followed by a 2023 deal covering video codec patents for its TVs and PCs. In video compression, InterDigital's major agreements focus on the HEVC standard, with key partners and . Panasonic signed licenses in 2023 for InterDigital's HEVC video and digital TV patents, renewed in 2024 under a joint licensing program with Sony that extends coverage to Panasonic's entertainment and communication products. These deals enable efficient video encoding in consumer devices and underscore InterDigital's role in standards. For IoT and emerging areas, InterDigital has forged partnerships with automotive firms to license technologies for connected vehicles, primarily through the Avanci platform, which pools SEPs for cellular connectivity and has agreements with OEMs like to support vehicle and V2X communications. It also licenses to smart home device makers, facilitating ecosystems with wireless and sensor innovations essential for . These agreements leverage InterDigital's patent portfolio to address growing demands in connected environments.

Recent Developments in Licensing

In 2024, InterDigital achieved a record annual revenue of $869 million, marking a 58% year-over-year increase, primarily driven by the completion of 14 major licensing deals. These agreements expanded coverage across wireless, video, and sectors, with notable renewals and new pacts including a multi-year license with for digital TVs and monitors, as well as deals with for smartphones and wearables, and Group for mobile devices worldwide. The Samsung renewal, finalized through arbitration, significantly contributed to InterDigital's second-quarter 2025 revenue of $300.6 million, a 34% year-over-year rise, alongside of $180.6 million. Building on this momentum, InterDigital secured several key agreements in 2025, focusing on wireless standards, applications, and video technologies. In October 2025, the company renewed its multi-year license with , covering , , , and HEVC video standards, while also signing a new license for electric vehicle () charging infrastructure. Additional pacts included a multi-year renewal with Seiko Solutions Inc. for cellular wireless technology in October 2025, an agreement with in April 2025 for and video decoding in personal computers, and a multi-year deal with a major undisclosed Chinese smartphone vendor in March 2025, which prompted an upward revision to the first-quarter revenue outlook. These licensing advancements propelled InterDigital's third-quarter 2025 results, with revenue reaching $164.7 million—a 28% year-over-year increase—and of $67.5 million, reflecting strong contributions from the new and renewed agreements. The quarter's performance also highlighted a record annualized recurring revenue of $588 million, up 49% from the prior year, underscoring the financial stability from these deals. Amid these successes, InterDigital faced ongoing litigation in 2025 related to patent validity and licensing terms. In the , the Court of Appeal dismissed aspects of Inc.'s claim against InterDigital and the Avanci in March 2025, concerning FRAND rates for standard-essential patents in vehicles, though the granted permission to appeal on select grounds in July 2025. Separately, in the , the Court of Appeals for the issued an order in November 2025 in Corporation v. InterDigital Patent Holdings, Inc., addressing challenges to enforceability in technologies. In early November 2025, InterDigital initiated litigation against in the , , , and before the for video compression and HDR technologies used in Fire TV devices. Additionally, on November 3, 2025, the Munich Regional Court awarded InterDigital an injunction against for infringing a related to . Strategically, InterDigital intensified its focus on and video licensing for applications in 2025, exemplified by the October acquisition of AI startup Deep Render to bolster video compression technologies and AI-native research capabilities. This move aligns with the company's goal of achieving $1 billion in annual recurring revenue by 2030, emphasizing high-impact licensing in emerging AI-driven sectors.

Leadership

Chief Executive Officer

Liren has served as President and Chief Executive Officer of InterDigital, Inc. since April 5, 2021, succeeding William J. Merritt, who retired after 25 years with the company. He was also appointed to the company's in 2021. As an industry veteran with over 25 years of experience in technology and , Chen brings deep expertise in wireless communications and IP strategy to his role at InterDigital. Prior to joining InterDigital, Chen spent nearly 25 years at Incorporated, where he held roles of increasing responsibility, culminating in his position as Senior Vice President and Global Head of . In this capacity, he oversaw global IP licensing, litigation, and strategy, contributing to 's position as a leader in wireless technology. Chen earned a degree from the University of San Diego School of Law in 2008 and holds a in from in . His legal and technical background has been instrumental in navigating complex patent licensing and innovation ecosystems. Under Chen's leadership, InterDigital achieved record revenues of $869 million in 2024, marking a 58% increase year-over-year, driven by strengthened licensing programs and operational efficiencies. He has overseen significant expansion into research, including the acquisition of AI startup Deep Render in October 2025, which bolsters the company's capabilities in video compression and -driven technologies. In 2025, notable licensing achievements include a multi-year agreement with a major smartphone vendor in March and a renewal with alongside a new license in October, contributing to annualized recurring revenue reaching a record $588 million by the third quarter. Chen's leadership emphasizes the value of pure research facilities and strategic partnerships to drive innovation without immediate commercial pressures, as profiled in Forbes. This approach has positioned InterDigital to explore foundational advancements in AI, wireless, and video technologies through collaborations with industry leaders and standards bodies. In terms of compensation, Chen's 2025 insider transactions included sales of approximately $8.3 million in company shares in March.

Executive Team and Governance

InterDigital's executive team, reporting to and Liren Chen, comprises seasoned professionals driving the company's research, financial, legal, and licensing operations. Richard J. Brezski serves as Executive Vice and , overseeing financial planning, treasury, and to support the firm's licensing revenue model. Rajesh Pankaj, as Executive Vice and , leads engineering and R&D efforts across communications, , and technologies, ensuring alignment with the company's development strategy. Joshua D. Schmidt acts as Executive Vice and , managing litigation, compliance, and matters critical to InterDigital's licensing ecosystem. In September 2025, Julia C. Mattis was appointed , succeeding Eeva Hakoranta who stepped down in 2025, to spearhead negotiations and portfolio monetization. The Board of Directors, which provides strategic oversight and includes Liren Chen as a member, features a majority of independent directors with deep expertise in , , and . Chairman S. Douglas Hutcheson brings experience from roles at Corporation and prior at InterDigital. Other independent members include Derek Aberle, former president of Qualcomm CDMA Technologies with wireless industry insight; Samir Armaly, a with experience in semiconductors; Joan H. Gillman, a ; John A. Kritzmacher, managing partner at a ; John D. (Jay) Markley, Jr., former CEO of US Cellular with expertise; and Jean Rankin, with board experience in tech sectors. The board maintains standing committees, including the —composed entirely of independent directors—to oversee financial reporting, ethics, and anti-corruption; the Compensation Committee for pay and incentives; and the Nominating and Committee for board composition and succession planning, with indirect IP oversight through policies. InterDigital's governance practices emphasize ethical standards, transparency, and responsibility in its operations. The company adheres to a Code of applicable to all employees and directors, promoting integrity in licensing activities through public disclosure of royalty rates to foster fair negotiations. initiatives include ongoing education programs to build an inclusive , with progress tracked in annual reports. efforts integrate into R&D, focusing on energy-efficient technologies such as low-power standards to reduce environmental . Governance policies address via the board's oversight of emerging technologies, ensuring responsible innovation in -driven video and applications as outlined in corporate principles. As a Nasdaq-listed under the ticker IDCC, InterDigital maintains rigorous reporting through annual filings, including , which detail its portfolio, licensing revenues, and structures to ensure transparency for investors.

Global Presence

Headquarters and Main Offices

InterDigital's corporate is located at 200 Bellevue Parkway, Suite 300, in , serving as the primary center for executive leadership, finance, and administrative functions. The company established this in to consolidate key corporate operations, leveraging Delaware's favorable business environment for and legal matters. This facility supports high-level decision-making and strategic oversight for InterDigital's global licensing and research activities. The company's main research and development hub is situated at 1001 E. Hector Street, Suite 300, in , near the former King of Prussia location, where core innovation in wireless technologies takes place. This site houses significant engineering teams focused on advancing standards-essential patents and collaborative projects in areas like and beyond. In , at 425 Broadhollow Road, Suite 203, InterDigital operates a recently expanded facility opened in June 2024, emphasizing AI/ML applications in wireless communications, next-generation , 6G research, and video technologies, with collaborative spaces designed to foster standards development and academic partnerships. Additional key U.S. offices include the facility in , at 4410 El Camino Real, Suite 120; the office in Indianapolis, Indiana, at 5435 Emerson Way, Suite 230, contributing to video technology development; the office in New York, New York, at 111 West 33rd Street, Suite 1420; and the office in Washington, D.C., at 515 C St. NE. These U.S. sites collectively employ the majority of InterDigital's approximately 430 global workforce as of December 2024, prioritizing collaborative environments for innovation in , , and related fields.

International Research Facilities

InterDigital maintains a of and development facilities outside the , supporting its focus on , video, , and . The company operates offices across 7 countries, including dedicated R&D facilities that drive innovation in standards development and technology prototyping. These international sites enable close collaboration with regional partners, standards bodies, and licensees, ensuring InterDigital's contributions align with diverse market needs. In , , InterDigital's R&I Lab serves as a hub for the Multimedia Systems team, specializing in immersive , AI-driven video compression, and augmented/virtual reality (/) technologies. Established as a key center for cutting-edge research, the lab leads global standards engagement in these areas, hosting interns and researchers to advance delivery over networks. Similarly, the London, , office houses Wireless Lab Europe (WLE), which focuses on standards-driven wireless research, including innovations and integrated sensing and communications (ISAC). The WLE holds over 25 leadership positions in the Telecommunications Standards Institute () and has collaborated with more than 100 partners on projects. In , InterDigital's , , office supports licensing operations and contributes to and research tailored to regional markets, facilitating telecom and agreements with local implementers. European facilities, such as those in , (Cesson-Sévigné), further bolster efforts through collaborations and multi-partner research initiatives involving over 75 organizations. These sites, along with locations in and , draw from InterDigital's global total of around 430 employees as of December 2024. This distributed structure enhances participation in international standards bodies and proximity to key licensees, accelerating the commercialization of innovations like AI-enhanced video and next-generation wireless systems.

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