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Jet Harris

Jet Harris (1939–2011) was an influential English musician, recognized as one of the first ists in the UK and the first British rock musician to own a . He was a founding member of , the backing band for . Born Terence Harris on 6 July 1939 in , he earned his nickname "" during school for his sprinting ability and left education at age 15 to train as a welder before teaching himself to play guitar. Harris became a pioneering figure in British rock by adopting the electric in the late , joining 's band —which soon renamed itself —in 1959. As the band's bassist, he contributed to landmark instrumental hits including "" (UK No. 1, 1960) and "FBI" (UK No. 6, 1961), "Man of Mystery," and "" (UK No. 1, 1962), while co-writing the early track "." His tenure with the Shadows ended in April 1962 due to exhaustion and emerging personal struggles, including , after which he pursued a solo career, signing with and forming a duo with former Shadows drummer . The partnership yielded immediate success, with their debut single "" topping the charts in 1963, followed by Top 10 hits like "" and "Applejack," and Harris earning the award for top instrumentalist in 1962. He also supported on their 1963 tour and innovated bass techniques, such as detuning his instrument for a distinctive growl on tracks like "Besame Mucho." Harris's career was overshadowed by personal challenges, including a severe car accident in 1963 that exacerbated his drinking issues, leading to multiple appearances for drunkenness, a 1968 drug-related , and in 1988. Despite sporadic comebacks and manual labor jobs like bricklaying to support himself, he received recognition late in life with an in 2010 for services to . He died on 18 March at age 71 in , , from cancer, survived by his partner Janet Hemingway and three sons.

Early years

Early life

Terence Harris, known professionally as Jet Harris, was born on 6 July 1939 in , north-west , to working-class parents Bill and Winifred Harris; he was their only child. Raised in a modest household, Harris grew up in the post-war austerity of suburban , where his family's circumstances reflected the typical challenges of the era's blue-collar communities. Harris earned his "Jet" during his school years due to his exceptional speed as a sprinter, a talent that marked him out among peers at Dudden Hill Secondary Modern School in , where he received his early education. He left school at age 15 to enter the workforce, but his formative years there instilled a competitive spirit that later influenced his musical pursuits. His initial foray into music came as a child, when he learned to play the , drawn to the instrument's melodic possibilities amid the sounds popular in mid-1950s . By his mid-teens, Harris's interests shifted toward the emerging scene, inspired by American imports and British artists like , leading him to teach himself guitar through trial and error. Inspired by bass lines, particularly those in recordings by , he made his own four-string to play in local groups before transitioning to electric bass for its rhythmic drive. As a teenager, he gained his first musical experience performing in local and groups around , honing his skills in informal settings that blended traditional elements with the skiffle craze sweeping .

Pre-Shadows career

In 1958, Jet Harris joined drummer Tony Crombie's Rockets as , marking his first significant professional engagement in the music industry. This group, initially rooted in , transitioned to under Crombie's direction, with Harris contributing to their evolution into one of Britain's earliest outfits; Crombie provided him with a electric bass, positioning Harris as an early exponent of the instrument in the UK. Harris also backed rock and roll novelty singers such as and during this period, performing at venues like the Two I's coffee bar in to secure gigs amid a competitive scene. He participated in the formation of pre-Shadows groups, including The Most Brothers, and joined around 1958–1959, where he played alongside future Shadows members on and on . With , Harris contributed to early recordings, notably their 1958 cover of Eddie Cochran's "," as the ensemble shifted from to influences. The late 1950s British music landscape presented challenges, including the decline of and financial instability, as groups like The Vipers lost momentum despite initial popularity, forcing musicians to navigate sporadic work and an evolving rock scene.

Career with

Joining the group

In late 1958, while on tour with the Most Brothers, Jet Harris was approached by and invited to join his backing band, , as bassist to replace Ian Samwell, who shifted to songwriting and management roles. Harris, who had gained experience in skiffle and early rock ensembles including , brought a more accomplished bass style to the group alongside guitarists and . His school nickname "Jet," earned for his sprinting prowess, became his professional stage name upon joining. Faced with a legal challenge from the vocal group of the same name over their debut single "Feelin' Fine," the band renamed themselves in mid-1959 at Harris's suggestion. Drummer soon joined, solidifying the classic lineup of Harris on bass, Meehan on drums, Marvin on , and Welch on . The group focused on early rehearsals to refine their sound, adapting to support Richard's emerging pop-rock vocal style with clean, twanging guitar tones and tight rhythms. Their first major recording, "Living Doll," released in July 1959 and credited to and , topped the for six weeks, marking the band's breakthrough. Throughout 1959 and into 1960, accompanied Richard on initial tours, including an promotional trip across , , and , while making key TV appearances on programs like Oh Boy! and Saturday Night at the London Palladium, which helped establish their signature clean-cut image and innovative guitar-driven sound in British popular music.

Key contributions and departure

Jet Harris's innovative bass playing was instrumental in shaping The Shadows' signature sound during their early 1960s peak, particularly through his melodic and rhythmic contributions to several chart-topping hits. On "," the band's first number-one single in 1960, Harris's driving provided a foundational pulse that complemented Hank Marvin's iconic guitar riff, helping establish the group's atmospheric instrumental style. Similarly, his work on "," another UK number one in 1962, featured prominent bass elements that added emotional depth to the orchestral arrangement, while "The Savage," a 1961 top-ten single, served as an instrumental showcase highlighting Harris's agile and expressive bass work alongside the rhythm section. Harris also played a key role in the band's songwriting and arrangements from 1960 to 1962, co-authoring tracks like "Shadoogie" on the group's debut album The Shadows, which spent over a year in the charts and reached number one. His input helped define the band's clean, twangy guitar-driven aesthetic, blending with sophisticated orchestration that influenced British pop and . As one of the first prominent musicians to adopt the electric —initially a Framus model and later a —Harris elevated the instrument from a mere rhythm tool to a melodic voice within the ensemble. By 1961, however, Harris's personal struggles with began to impact his reliability, leading to erratic performances and public incidents that strained band dynamics. A notable example occurred in January 1961 when he fell off the stage while drunk during a show at Liverpool's , contributing to growing concerns about his professionalism. These issues culminated in internal tensions, exacerbated by revelations of an affair between Harris's wife, Carol Costa, and , which further fueled his . Harris departed The Shadows in April 1962 amid these pressures, having been effectively sacked by the band's manager for his unreliability despite his central role in their success. He cited exhaustion from the group's intense lifestyle—"just had enough of sleeping, drinking, eating and doing everything together"—as a factor in his exit. Brian "Licorice" Locking was brought in as his replacement, marking the end of Harris's tenure with the band. In the immediate aftermath, Harris undertook brief interim work, including touring with acts like and as part of a short-lived group called the Jetblacks, before pivoting toward a recording contract.

Solo career

Partnership with Tony Meehan

After leaving The Shadows in April 1962, Jet Harris signed a solo contract with , where former bandmate had already joined as a producer the previous October, leading to the formation of their instrumental duo later that year. Harris's debut solo single under Decca, "Besame Mucho," reached number 22 on the charts in 1962, marking his establishment as a chart act and setting the stage for the partnership. The duo adopted a pop-oriented sound, with Harris handling bass guitar and occasional vocals while Meehan provided drumming, often backed by session musicians including future Led Zeppelin members Jimmy Page and John Paul Jones on their recordings. Their debut single as a duo, "Diamonds," released in January 1963, topped the for three weeks and featured Harris's distinctive moody bass lines contrasting Meehan's rhythmic drive. Follow-up releases "Scarlett O'Hara" and "Applejack" both peaked in the UK top five later that year, solidifying their commercial success with a style that echoed but evolved beyond their roots. In 1962 and 1963, the duo maintained a busy schedule of live performances across the , including tours supporting their hits, and secured prominent TV slots on popular programs such as Ready Steady Go! and to promote their singles. They also made brief cameo appearances in the 1963 film Live It Up, performing alongside other contemporary acts. Despite their rapid rise, the partnership faced internal strains mirroring earlier tensions from , including Harris's ongoing battles with alcohol—which had contributed to his departure from the band—and disputes with management over creative and personal matters. These issues, compounded by Harris's ongoing battles with alcohol, led to tensions that were exacerbated by a serious car accident in September 1963, resulting in the duo's dissolution shortly thereafter.

Major hits and challenges

In 1963, Jet Harris achieved significant commercial success through his partnership with Tony Meehan, releasing three instrumental singles that dominated the charts and blended rock elements with accessible pop melodies. Their debut single, "Diamonds", a cover of Jerry Lordan's instrumental composition, topped the for three weeks in February, marking Harris's first number-one hit outside . This was followed by "Scarlett O'Hara", which peaked at number two in May, and "Applejack", reaching number four in September, establishing the duo as a prominent force in British instrumental music during the early era. However, Harris's momentum was abruptly halted by a severe car accident in September 1963 near , , when his vehicle collided with a bus while he was . Harris suffered a and other injuries, and his girlfriend, singer , was also hospitalized after pulling him from the wreckage; he faced a charge as a result. The incident led to the immediate dissolution of the Harris-Meehan duo and the loss of their Decca recording contract, exacerbating Harris's struggles with alcohol and finances. The fallout proved devastating to Harris's career, culminating in bankruptcy proceedings in 1988 after years of instability, during which he resorted to manual labor jobs such as construction laborer and hospital porter to make ends meet in the mid-1960s. Despite sporadic attempts at a comeback, including solo singles like "My Lady" in 1965 and further releases in the late 1960s, none recaptured his earlier chart success, marking a sharp decline from his 1963 peak.

Later career and revival

1970s and 1980s struggles

Following the decline of his solo career in the late 1960s, Jet Harris entered a period of professional and personal instability, taking on various manual labor jobs to make ends meet. In the early , he worked as a in and as a porter, reflecting a stark contrast to his earlier fame as a musician. These roles were interspersed with brief stints in music, such as occasional stage performances in , but his output remained limited and inconsistent. Personal challenges compounded his difficulties, including the failure of his and periods of where he lived in squats during the and early 1980s. Harris's alcoholism, which had begun escalating after a 1963 car crash, intensified during this era, with him consuming up to two bottles of daily by the . This led to repeated legal troubles, including multiple court appearances for drunkenness and violent behavior throughout the decade. He made several unsuccessful attempts at in the , but his persisted, contributing to further and unreliability in professional engagements. By the late , the noted that his heavy drinking had spanned nearly 30 years, severely impacting his health and opportunities. Musically, Harris's involvement was sporadic, including session work and a 1977 live performance at Gloucester Prison, where he recorded an album with a backing band. Tensions with former bandmates prevented any participation in group reunions during this time, keeping him on the periphery of the music scene. He also produced unreleased demos, but these efforts yielded little commercial success. Financially, Harris faced ruin, relying on government benefits throughout the amid his unstable employment. His situation culminated in proceedings in 1988, marking the of his early isolation with minimal public appearances and continued residence in squats.

Comeback and final years

In the mid-1980s, Harris achieved a personal turnaround by embracing temperance after years of battling , which paved the way for his career revival. His partner, Janet Hemingway, began managing his professional activities around this time, providing crucial support that helped restore his public profile. Decca Records contributed to this resurgence through reissues of his earlier work. These efforts brought renewed attention to his legacy as a pioneering . Harris marked his creative return with the album The Phoenix Rises in 1999, an instrumental project featuring tracks like "Theme from Something Really Important" and collaborations such as a with young vocalist McCulloch on "Here I Stand," symbolizing his emergence from career lows. He embarked on extensive tours backed by The Rapiers, a tribute band, with whom he performed for nearly 25 years, including regular appearances in the UK and that reintroduced his sound to new and nostalgic audiences. Throughout the and , Harris maintained steady activity through solo performances and events tied to his roots, such as annual spots at Bruce Welch's Shadowmania gatherings and fan conventions dedicated to the group. In 1998, he received the Lifetime Achievement Award for his role in popularizing the in . These engagements culminated in the stage production Me and My Shadows from 2005 to 2009, a theatrical tour of venues where Harris shared anecdotes from his career while The Rapiers provided backing for renditions of his hits. By the late 2000s, Harris's output slowed due to deteriorating health, though he continued select appearances, including 29 shows on Marty Wilde's 2010 tour. His final concert took place on 5 February 2011 at Ferneham Hall in , , where he delivered a spirited performance of "Here I Stand" from The Phoenix Rises despite his condition.

Personal life

Family and relationships

Jet Harris's first marriage was to Carol Costa in 1959, with whom he had children, including a son, before the union ended in amid personal strains, including mutual infidelities—Harris had multiple affairs, and Costa began a relationship with . His second marriage, to Margaret in the , produced three sons and also concluded in , as did his third marriage to Janet, which ended in separation. In total, Harris had five sons and one daughter from his marriages. From the onward, Harris was in a long-term relationship with Janet Hemingway, a longtime who provided crucial support during his recovery from and helped manage aspects of his career revival; he resided with her in his later years in , . The demands of fame, extensive touring, and Harris's struggles with placed significant strain on his family life, contributing to the breakdowns of his marriages and periods of estrangement from his children, though he later sought in his .

Health issues and death

In September 1963, Harris was seriously injured in a car crash near , , while traveling with his then-girlfriend, singer ; the accident left him a "physical wreck," contributing to long-term health struggles and a descent into . His later life was severely impacted by , which he attributed to the trauma of the ; he confessed to consuming two bottles of daily in the ensuing years, leading to multiple court appearances for drunkenness and violent behavior during the 1970s and 1980s. Harris was diagnosed with cancer in 2009 and battled the disease for two years, undergoing treatments that increasingly limited his ability to perform; in early March 2011, he was forced to cancel all remaining tour dates. He died of cancer on 18 March 2011 at the age of 71, at his partner's home in , . Harris's funeral was held on 31 March 2011 at Basingstoke Crematorium, where it was attended by numerous music industry peers, including former members and .

Legacy and honours

Awards and recognitions

Jet Harris received formal recognition for his pioneering role in British rock and roll music, particularly as a bass guitarist. In 1963, he was awarded the New Musical Express (NME) Poll Winners' Best Instrumentalist honor, acknowledging his innovative work on the bass during his time with the Shadows and as a solo artist. In 1962, Harris was part of a group recipient of an Ivor Novello Award for Outstanding Services to British Music, shared with Cliff Richard, Hank Marvin, Tony Meehan, and Bruce Welch, highlighting his early contributions to the genre's instrumental sound. Harris was presented with the Lifetime Achievement Award in 1998 for his pivotal role in popularizing the in Britain, as the first prominent British musician to adopt and showcase the . In the 2010 , he was appointed Member of the () for services to music, a distinction that came late in his career amid renewed appreciation for his legacy.

Tributes and influence

Jet Harris's pioneering work as a bassist profoundly shaped , establishing the as a lead instrument in the genre. As the first British rock musician to adopt the in 1960, he introduced its deep, resonant tone to audiences through his performances with , influencing the sound of and inspiring countless bassists who followed. His innovative lines, blending rock 'n' roll energy with subtle influences, contributed to the evocative style of early British hits and helped popularize the beyond mere rhythm support. Following Harris's death in 2011, musical tributes highlighted his enduring impact, including a dedication by former Shadows bandmate at the Shadowmania concert in September 2011, where performances of Harris's signature tracks honored his legacy. In April 2012, the UK Heritage Foundation unveiled a at the Kingswood Centre on Honeypot Lane in —marking the site of the former Willesden Maternity Hospital where Harris was born on 6 July 1939—to commemorate his contributions to music. Harris's cultural legacy extends through media portrayals and ongoing fan engagement that underscore his role in defining the British sound. The 2012 documentary Jet Harris: From There to Here, directed by Mark Windows, chronicles his journey from Soho's coffee bar scene to stardom, solo success, and personal challenges, offering an intimate look at his influence on . Biographies such as Mike Cook's Cliffhanger: The Life and Times of Jet Harris (2016), published by , detail his highs and lows, emphasizing his foundational impact on the era's music. In the 2020s, fan conventions and tribute acts, including performances by groups like The Bootleg at events across the , continue to celebrate his work, with shows in 2025 revisiting -era instrumentals to mark ongoing anniversaries of his hits.

Discography

Albums

Jet Harris's album discography reflects his transition from a singles-oriented career in the 1960s to more varied releases in later decades, including live recordings, compilations, and solo studio efforts primarily on independent labels. His early solo work with Decca focused on hits rather than full-length albums, leading to a gap until the 1970s. Production often involved collaborators like drummer from his duo days, and later musicians such as former members and Alan Jones. Labels shifted from major imprints like Decca to smaller ones including Q Records and Mustang Music. His debut full-length album, Inside Jet Harris (1977), was a live recording captured at on April 3, 1977, and released on Ellie Jay Records with subsequent reissues by Castle Records and Rollercoaster Records. The album features Harris performing classics and solo hits like "" and "Sleepwalk" to an audience of inmates, accompanied by a backing band, and includes medleys such as "/." It captures a raw, intimate performance style, marking a personal milestone during his struggles with . In the late 1980s, compilations revived interest in his 1960s output. Diamonds and Other Gems: The Complete Decca Singles (1989), co-credited with Tony Meehan and issued on Deram Records (820634-2), collects 20 tracks from their Decca era, including re-recorded versions of hits alongside originals like "Diamonds" (UK No. 1, 1963) and "Scarlet O'Hara" (UK No. 2, 1963). Produced with remastering for clarity, it highlights their instrumental rock sound but did not achieve significant chart success itself. Similarly, The Best of Jet Harris and Tony Meehan, originally compiled in the early 1970s on Decca (SKL 5128) and reissued as a 2000 CD by Spectrum Music/Universal (544 268-2), features 18 key singles emphasizing their chart peaks, such as "Footstomp" (UK No. 25, 1963). These reissues preserved their legacy without new material, underscoring the duo's impact through brief crossovers to his solo singles career. Harris's later solo releases demonstrated resilience. The Anniversary Album (1988), on Q Records (LPMM 1038), includes 12 tracks with re-recordings of staples like "Diamonds," "Besame Mucho," and "Man From Nowhere," produced to mark his career milestones. In the , collaborations expanded his catalog, including The Studio Sessions: Twelve Great Guitar Gems (1994) with on Zing Records, featuring instrumental covers. Live Over England (1995), also on Zing Records, captures a live performance with and guest appearances by Harris and Alan Jones. A Fistful of Strings (And a Bit of Chat) (1990, self-released/not on label) offered a conversational live set with guitar-focused instrumentals. The Phoenix Rises (2000, Mustang Music, JET 001), featuring 13 instrumental tracks including "Scarlet O'Hara" and "Theme From Something Really Important," reunites Harris with bassists Locking and Jones for a one-off , though sessions trace back to 1987 concepts. Released amid his comeback, it blends surf rock with personal reflections but saw limited distribution. Diamonds Are Trumps (2002, Solent Records, SLTD 116), featuring drummer Bobby Graham, includes 14 tracks revisiting his hits in a rock style. No major posthumous studio albums emerged after Harris's death in 2011, though reissues continued. Late releases like The Journey (2007, Crazy Lighthouse Records, CLRCD0602) provided original material with tracks echoing his instrumental roots. Gaps in his catalog highlight a focus on live performances and compilations over extensive studio output.
YearTitleLabelTypeKey Notes
1977Inside Jet HarrisEllie Jay / Castle / RollercoasterLiveRecorded at Gloucester Prison; 13 tracks including Shadows medleys; backing band support.
1988The Anniversary AlbumQ Records (LPMM 1038)Compilation / Re-recordings12 tracks revisiting hits like "Applejack"; produced for career retrospective.
1989Diamonds and Other GemsDeram (820634-2)CompilationWith Tony Meehan; 20 Decca singles, some re-recorded; no new chart impact.
1990A Fistful of Strings (And a Bit of Chat)Self-releasedLiveGuitar instrumentals with audience interaction; limited release.
1994The Studio Sessions: Twelve Great Guitar GemsZing RecordsStudioWith Tangent; instrumental covers of classics.
1995Live Over EnglandZing RecordsLiveWith Tangent; tribute to Shadows with Harris and Alan Jones guesting.
2000The Phoenix RisesMustang Music (JET 001)Studio13 tracks; collaborates with ex-Shadows bassists Locking and Jones.
2000The Best of Jet Harris and Tony MeehanSpectrum Music / Universal (544 268-2)CompilationReissue of 1970s Decca LP; 18 tracks highlighting 1960s singles charts.
2002Diamonds Are TrumpsSolent Records (SLTD 116)StudioFeaturing Bobby Graham; 14 tracks including reworks of hits.
2007The JourneyCrazy Lighthouse Records (CLRCD0602)StudioLate-career instrumentals; 14 tracks.

Singles

Jet Harris's singles discography encompasses over 20 releases in the UK, primarily on 7-inch vinyl format, spanning , surf, and pop styles from the early through to the 2000s. His commercial peak occurred during his brief but impactful duo partnership with , yielding four charting singles that highlighted Harris's innovative work alongside Meehan's drumming. These collaborations capitalized on the trend of the era, with session contributions from emerging talents like on guitar. As a solo artist, Harris issued numerous singles, though few matched the duo's chart performance; many featured film themes or original instrumentals, reflecting his shift toward session work and occasional comebacks. Some 1970s releases remain less documented in full discographies due to limited commercial traction. The following table summarizes key singles, focusing on those with notable chart success or cultural impact, including release dates, B-sides, labels, and UK peak positions where applicable:
YearArtistA-SideB-SideLabel/CatalogueUK Peak Position
1962Jet HarrisBesame MuchoChills and FeverDecca F 1146622
1962Jet HarrisMain Title Theme (from The Man with the Golden Arm)Some PeopleDecca F 1148812
1963Jet Harris & Tony MeehanDiamondsFootstompDecca F 115631 (3 weeks)
1963Jet Harris & Tony MeehanScarlett O'Hara(Doing The) Hully GullyDecca F 116442
1963Jet Harris & Tony MeehanApplejackThe Tall TexanDecca F 117104
1964Jet HarrisBig Bad BassRifkaDecca F 11841
1967Jet HarrisMy LadyYou Don’t Live TwiceFontana TF 849
1975Jet HarrisTheme For A Fallen IdolThis Sportin’ LifeSRT SRTS 75355
1977Jet HarrisThe Guitar ManThemeSRT SRTS 77389
2006Jet HarrisSan AntonioIgnitionCrazy Lighthouse Records
These duo singles dominated the UK Top 10 in 1963, contributing to Harris's reputation as a pioneering British rock instrumentalist, while solo efforts often served as vehicles for his bass experimentation amid personal and professional challenges. Reissues of duo tracks, such as "Diamonds" coupled with "Scarlett O'Hara" in 1969 and 1983, sustained interest in their legacy.

EPs

Jet Harris's extended plays, primarily issued on Decca Records, played a significant role in the early 1960s British music market, where the 7-inch EP format allowed for affordable compilations of instrumental tracks that bridged his solo work and collaborations with Tony Meehan. These releases captured his shift toward surf-influenced rock instrumentals following his departure from The Shadows, often featuring hits from his singles. Fewer than ten official EPs were produced during his peak period, with most originating in the UK and select international markets; bootlegs and unofficial regional variants remain poorly cataloged. The following table lists his key EPs, including release details and track listings where verified:
TitleArtistRelease YearLabel & CatalogCountryTrack Listing
Jet HarrisJet Harris1962Decca DFE 8502A1: Besame Mucho
A2:
B1: Some People
B2: Real Wild Child
Jet & TonyJet Harris & 1963Decca DFE 8528A1: Scarlett O'Hara
A2: (Doing the) Hully Gully
B1:
B2: Footstomp
DiamondsJet Harris & 1963Decca 454.094A1: Diamonds
A2: Footstomp
B1: Again
B2: The Man with the Golden Arm (Main Title Theme)
Later reissues in the revived interest in these recordings through vinyl compilations. For instance, a 1980 EP on Decca (F 13892) gathered duo tracks including "", "", "Applejack", and "The Man with the Golden Arm (Main Title Theme)", targeting collectors amid Harris's comeback efforts. Rare international variants, such as a 1963 Belgian EP (Decca 457.014) with "", "(Doing the) ", "Applejack", and "The Tall Texan", highlight the duo's global reach but saw limited sales outside . These EPs, while not charting independently, supported the commercial success of associated singles like "", which reached number one in the .

Bibliography

Books by Jet Harris

Biographies

References

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    You searched 7" Singles for 'Jet Harris & Tony Meehan' discography
    JET HARRIS & TONY MEEHAN Jet Harris & Tony Meehan EP (1980 UK 4-track blue injection moulded 7" mono vinyl EP including Diamonds, Scarlett O'Hara, Applejack and ...