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ADM

Archer Daniels Midland Company (ADM) is an American multinational agribusiness corporation headquartered in Chicago, Illinois, that specializes in sourcing, processing, and distributing agricultural commodities for human and animal nutrition as well as industrial applications.^[1] Founded in 1902 by George Archer and John Daniels as a linseed crushing operation, ADM has expanded into a global leader operating across six continents, transforming crops such as corn, oilseeds, and wheat at more than 230 processing plants into ingredients for food, animal feed, beverages, and biofuels.^[2]^[3] The company plays a pivotal role in the agricultural supply chain by connecting farmers to end consumers, emphasizing innovations in nutrition solutions, regenerative agriculture, and sustainable practices while reporting net sales of $102 billion in 2022.^[1]^[4] Under CEO Juan R. Luciano, ADM has focused on health, wellness, and future-oriented solutions like probiotics and plant-based ingredients, positioning itself as an essential processor amid global food security challenges.^[5]^[6] ADM's operations have been marked by notable achievements in scale and market influence but also by recurring regulatory scrutiny, including nearly $52 million in fines over the past decade for 90 violations primarily related to safety and environmental compliance.^[7] More prominently, a 2023 accounting scandal in its Nutrition segment—alleging manipulated financial reporting and below-market intercompany transactions—triggered U.S. Department of Justice criminal probes, Securities and Exchange Commission inquiries, executive departures, a slashed CEO bonus, up to 700 job cuts, and ongoing shareholder class-action lawsuits claiming misleading disclosures on segment performance.^[8]^[9]^[10] These issues have contributed to stock volatility and efforts to overhaul internal controls, underscoring tensions between ADM's expansive ambitions and demands for transparent governance in commodities trading.^[11]^[12]

Aviation

Aeronautical Decision Making

Aeronautical decision-making (ADM) refers to the systematic mental process employed by pilots to evaluate circumstances and select the optimal course of action within the aviation environment, where factors such as weather variability, mechanical reliability, and human performance interact dynamically.^[13] Developed by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), ADM addresses human error as a primary contributor to general aviation accidents, with analyses indicating that inadequate decision-making underlies a significant portion of incidents involving loss of control or controlled flight into terrain. The framework integrates risk management principles to proactively identify hazards related to the pilot's condition, aircraft state, environmental conditions, and operational demands, thereby aiming to mitigate risks before they escalate.^[14] The origins of ADM trace back to FAA initiatives in the 1970s, following aviation safety studies that highlighted pilot judgment failures in post-accident reviews, prompting the development of structured training programs to counteract these deficiencies.^[15] By 1991, the FAA formalized ADM practices for general aviation pilots, emphasizing empirical training methods derived from accident data analysis rather than theoretical models alone.^[16] Subsequent refinements incorporated single-pilot resource management, recognizing that ADM extends beyond individual cognition to include task prioritization and automation oversight, as outlined in FAA handbooks such as the Pilot's Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge (FAA-H-8083-25B).^[14] Key components of ADM include hazard perception, risk assessment, and option evaluation, often operationalized through models like the 3P (Perceive, Process, Perform) approach. In the Perceive phase, pilots apply checklists such as PAVE (Pilot, Aircraft, enVironment, External pressures) to scan for threats; the Process phase involves analyzing risks using tools like CARE (Consequences, Alternatives, Reality, External factors); and the Perform phase executes mitigations with post-action evaluation via TEAM (Transfer of information, Evaluate leads, Action taken, Monitor results).^[17] Risk management, a foundational element, quantifies threats across four domains—pilot fitness, aircraft airworthiness, environmental hazards, and mission specifics—to ensure decisions align with safety margins, as detailed in the FAA Risk Management Handbook.^[18] These elements are taught through scenario-based instruction in FAA-approved curricula, fostering habitual application during preflight planning and in-flight adjustments. Empirical evaluations of ADM training demonstrate measurable safety gains in controlled settings; for instance, one operator logging approximately 400,000 flight hours annually reported a 54 percent reduction in its accident rate following implementation of ADM materials.^[14] However, broader general aviation data suggest that while targeted training enhances individual situational awareness and risk mitigation—evidenced by improved pilot performance in simulated assessments—aggregate accident rates have not declined proportionally, potentially due to inconsistent adoption or confounding variables like varying pilot experience levels.^[19] This underscores ADM's role as a probabilistic tool for error reduction rather than an absolute preventer, with ongoing FAA efforts focusing on integration with automation management to address persistent human factors in accidents.^[13]

Business

Archer Daniels Midland Company

Archer Daniels Midland Company (ADM) traces its origins to 1902, when linseed crushing operations began under the Daniels Linseed Company, and was formally established in 1923 through the merger of Archer-Daniels Linseed Company and Midland Linseed Products Company. Headquartered in Chicago, Illinois, ADM operates as a multinational agribusiness processor, sourcing agricultural commodities such as corn, soybeans, wheat, and oilseeds from farmers worldwide, processing them at over 270 plants and 420 procurement facilities into value-added products including food ingredients, animal feeds, flours, proteins, and biofuels like ethanol. The company's integrated supply chain spans origination, crushing, refining, and merchandising, facilitating global trade and distribution across more than 200 countries.^[2]^[20]^[21] ADM's operational scale processes tens of millions of metric tons of commodities annually—75.5 million metric tons in 2022 alone—enabling efficiencies that support food security by linking production to demand amid volatile markets and enhancing supply chain resilience. In its nutrition segment, the company develops innovative solutions such as specialty proteins, flavors, and probiotics aligned with trends in human and animal health. Recent sustainability efforts include surpassing its 2025 regenerative agriculture target early, engaging over 5 million acres in practices that reduced more than 1 million metric tons of greenhouse gases while improving soil health and farmer incomes. In September 2025, ADM formed a joint venture with Alltech, contributing 11 U.S. feed mills to combine with Alltech's Hubbard Feeds and Masterfeeds operations, aiming to scale specialty animal nutrition and value-added feeds starting in 2026.^[22]^[23]^[24] The company has encountered antitrust violations, notably pleading guilty in 1996 to a lysine price-fixing conspiracy with competitors like Ajinomoto, incurring a record $100 million U.S. criminal fine ($70 million for lysine, $30 million for citric acid) and leading to prison sentences for executives including Terrance Wilson (serving 24 months). ADM also faced penalties for involvement in a citric acid cartel, fined by the European Commission in 2001, and settled civil claims related to vitamin price-fixing cartels in the late 1990s. Its biofuels division has relied heavily on U.S. ethanol subsidies, with historical analyses estimating that subsidized products accounted for about 40% of profits, bolstered by lobbying expenditures exceeding $1 million annually in key periods to influence policy.^[25]^[26]^[27]^[28] In 2024, an internal audit revealed improper revenue recognition in the nutrition segment via intercompany transactions, prompting the suspension and April resignation of CFO Vikram Luthar, a approximately 24% stock price decline, clawbacks of multimillion-dollar executive bonuses, and criminal probes by the DOJ alongside SEC investigations into potential overstated revenues. For fiscal 2025, ADM narrowed adjusted EPS guidance to around $4.00 per share amid operational adjustments and market headwinds. Quarterly dividends remained stable at $0.51 per share, while Q2 2025 results reported adjusted EPS of $0.93 (down 10% year-over-year) and net earnings of $219 million, reflecting partial recovery in ag services offset by nutrition segment pressures.^[29]^[30]^[31]^[32]

Other Business Entities and Terms

PT Astra Daihatsu Motor (ADM) is an Indonesian joint venture between Astra International and Daihatsu Motor Co., Ltd., focused on the assembly, import, distribution, and sales of Daihatsu vehicles, as well as certain Toyota models adapted for the local market.^[33] Established in the 1970s initially as the sole importer and distributor, it expanded into local manufacturing, achieving significant market share as Indonesia's largest automobile producer by volume.^[34] In 2002, Daihatsu increased its stake in the entity to strengthen production capabilities, and by 2012, ADM operated a new factory that supported launches like the Ayla model in 2013.^[35]^[33] In automotive retail, Additional Dealer Markup (ADM) denotes profit added by dealerships above the manufacturer's suggested retail price (MSRP) for new vehicles, often applied to high-demand models to capitalize on supply shortages.^[36] This practice, also termed market adjustment, has drawn scrutiny for lacking transparency, as dealers may embed it in pricing without clear disclosure, prompting consumer advice to negotiate or seek no-markup outlets.^[37] ADM prevalence surged post-2020 due to chip shortages and pent-up demand but existed pre-pandemic on limited allocations like exotic cars.^[37] The Architecture Development Method (ADM), central to The Open Group Architecture Framework (TOGAF), outlines an iterative process for aligning business strategy with information technology architecture through phased development, from preliminary planning to requirements management.^[38] It emphasizes creating deliverables like architecture visions and models to address enterprise needs, without conflation to empirical scientific methodologies, and supports customization for organizational contexts.^[39] Adopted widely in IT governance, ADM facilitates lifecycle management of architectures to enhance operational efficiency.^[40]

Geography and Transport

Places and Settlements

In geographical information systems (GIS) and standardized mapping protocols, the prefix "ADM" denotes hierarchical levels of administrative divisions that organize places and settlements worldwide. ADM0 designates sovereign countries or top-level territories, ADM1 refers to first-level subdivisions such as provinces, states, or regions, ADM2 indicates second-level units like districts, counties, or municipalities, and higher levels (e.g., ADM3, ADM4) correspond to progressively smaller sub-divisions encompassing villages, towns, and urban settlements.^[41] These codes facilitate precise geocoding and data aggregation for demographic, infrastructural, and environmental analysis of settlements, as employed in global databases by organizations including the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA). No notable standalone settlements or places are directly named or verifiably abbreviated as "ADM" in major geographical records or censuses. Minor or historical locales using similar nomenclature remain unconfirmed in accessible empirical sources, with potential references limited to transient administrative labeling rather than permanent settlement identities. Rural demographics and infrastructure in such divisions, where applicable, align with broader patterns of sparse population and basic amenities, as reflected in census frameworks integrating ADM hierarchies.

Transportation and Logistics Terms

In the context of airline transportation and logistics, ADM refers to Agency Debit Memo, a mechanism used by carriers to bill travel agencies for discrepancies in ticket issuance, such as uncollected fares, surcharges, or commissions not in compliance with fare rules.^[42] Airlines issue ADMs when agency actions result in revenue loss not attributable to carrier error, including misuse of private fares or inventory violations.^[43] This process is standardized under International Air Transport Association (IATA) Resolution 850m, which outlines procedures for issuance, notification, and dispute resolution, requiring carriers to provide detailed justification and agencies 30 days to respond.^[44] ADMs facilitate financial reconciliation in the global airline distribution chain, where agencies handle ticketing via global distribution systems (GDS). For instance, Delta Air Lines specifies that ADMs include contact details for disputes and are based on verifiable policy breaches, with agencies liable for payment unless proven invalid.^[45] Similarly, Air India raises ADMs effective from January 1, 2006, to enforce fare rule adherence, covering penalties for unauthorized refunds or endorsements.^[46] Industry analyses indicate that approximately 80% of ADMs originate from 20% of countries, highlighting regional variations in compliance, though the overall process imposes administrative burdens on both parties.^[47] In logistics systems supporting transportation, ADM can also denote Asynchronous Disconnected Mode, a data link protocol state in network layers like Logical Link Control (LLC) used for handling intermittent connectivity in mobile or distributed operations.^[48] This mode logically disconnects stations, enabling unacknowledged frame transmission suitable for low-bandwidth or unreliable links in logistics tracking, such as in GPRS-enabled fleet management, prior to establishing balanced modes for reliable data exchange.^[49] However, its application remains adjunct to core computing protocols rather than a standalone logistics term.

Government and Administration

Administrative Roles and Structures

In U.S. federal government agencies, ADM commonly abbreviates administrative divisions or offices tasked with oversight of operational, budgetary, and support functions. The Office of Administration (ADM) in the Department of Justice's Criminal Division manages essential services including human resources, procurement, facilities, and information technology to enable prosecutorial activities.^[50] Likewise, the Administrative Management Division (ADM) within the National Weather Service's Western Region coordinates administrative support such as budget execution, personnel management, and policy implementation across regional offices, ensuring efficient bureaucratic operations.^[51] These structures exemplify ADM's role in streamlining departmental administration without direct policy-making authority. A prominent application in state-level public administration is Average Daily Membership (ADM), a standardized enrollment metric used in education funding formulas to allocate resources based on empirical student counts. ADM represents the average number of resident students attending public schools over a defined period, typically calculated daily and averaged across reporting windows to account for fluctuations in attendance.^[52] This data-driven approach underpins per-pupil funding distributions; for instance, Ohio's formula employs enrolled ADM to determine base cost funding for districts, influencing over $7 billion in annual state aid as of fiscal year 2024.^[53] By prioritizing verifiable attendance over mere headcounts, ADM promotes causal accountability in budget allocation, as lower averages due to absenteeism can reduce funding, incentivizing districts to address enrollment dynamics.^[54] States like Pennsylvania define ADM as the count of pupils for whom districts bear financial responsibility, integrating it into comprehensive financial reporting to legislatures.^[55] Such mechanisms ensure funding correlates with service delivery costs, though variations in state methodologies—such as adjustments for special education or full-time equivalents—can affect equity in resource distribution.^[56]

Military and Defense

Atomic Demolition Munition

Atomic demolition munitions (ADMs) were tactical nuclear weapons developed by the United States Army during the Cold War era, from the 1950s through the 1980s, for emplacement by small ground teams to destroy key infrastructure, create impassable terrain obstacles, or contaminate areas with radiation and fallout, thereby denying mobility to enemy armored or infantry forces.^[57] These devices were engineered for delivery via man-portable backpacks, vehicle-mounted systems, or artillery, with explosive yields typically ranging from 0.01 to 15 kilotons of TNT equivalent, far below strategic bombs but sufficient for localized devastation equivalent to thousands of tons of conventional explosives.^[58] The Soviet Union pursued parallel programs, deploying comparable atomic demolition mines as part of their non-strategic nuclear inventory to achieve similar denial effects in European theater scenarios.^[59] Prominent U.S. variants included the Medium Atomic Demolition Munition (MADM) for truck delivery, the Lightweight ADM (LADM), and the Special ADM (SADM), a highly portable system using the B54 warhead with yields of 0.01 to 1 kiloton.^[58] The SADM, produced starting in August 1964 for the Mod 1 configuration, measured approximately 12 inches in diameter and 18 inches long for the warhead assembly, with the full deployable unit under 163 pounds, enabling one- or two-man teams to carry and install it via timer, command signal, or other fuzing mechanisms.^[60] U.S. Special Forces, organized into "Green Light" teams, underwent rigorous training for SADM operations, including parachute insertion behind enemy lines to target chokepoints like bridges or mountain passes, though exercises used inert mockups to simulate handling without live fissile cores.^[61] Deployment from 1964 to 1988 emphasized integration with maneuver units, supported by engineer detachments for precise placement to maximize cratering and blast radius while minimizing predictable patterns that adversaries could circumvent.^[58]^[62] ADMs were never employed in combat, reflecting their niche role in deterrence planning rather than practical execution, with programs phased out by 1990 amid reliability issues—such as warhead aging and emplacement hazards—and the rise of GPS-guided conventional munitions offering comparable effects without nuclear escalation risks.^[63] Deactivation aligned with broader U.S. doctrinal shifts post-Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty in 1987, which indirectly pressured tactical nuclear inventories, though ADMs fell outside its direct scope.^[58] Empirical assessments from declassified U.S. military analyses underscored inherent operational perils, including high vulnerability to capture during infiltration, potential for premature or unauthorized detonation due to sabotage or signal interference, and command-control breakdowns in fluid battlefields where teams operated autonomously for days.^[62] Fallout from ground bursts posed acute hazards to nearby allied forces, with radiation plumes dependent on wind and yield but capable of rendering sectors uninhabitable for extended periods, complicating post-detonation recovery and amplifying escalation risks against nuclear-armed opponents.^[63] Field manuals mandated identical permissive action link and authentication protocols as other nuclear assets, yet acknowledged that isolated teams faced elevated odds of compromise, rendering ADMs a high-stakes gamble in causal chains of wartime decision-making.^[62]

Acquisition Decision Memorandum

The Acquisition Decision Memorandum (ADM) is a formal document signed by the Milestone Decision Authority (MDA) in the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD), recording key decisions from Milestone Decision Reviews (MDRs) or equivalent formal assessments in the major capability acquisition process.^[64]^[65] It approves elements such as the acquisition strategy, materiel solution selection, technology maturation and risk reduction (TMRR) phase plans, program risks, cost estimates, and alternatives considered, ensuring alignment with statutory requirements and DoD priorities.^[66] Under DoD Instruction (DoDI) 5000.85, which governs major capability acquisitions as part of the broader DoD 5000 series directives, the ADM serves as the authoritative record for advancing programs through milestones like Milestone A (maturation and demonstration), Milestone B (engineering and manufacturing development), and Milestone C (production and deployment).^[66] These decisions rely on empirical data, including system maturity assessments, lifecycle cost analyses, and risk evaluations derived from testing and modeling, to validate program viability before committing resources.^[67] The process mandates coordination with other DoD components and may incorporate waivers or pathway adaptations, such as the Middle Tier Acquisition (MTA) under DoDI 5000.80 for rapid prototyping or fielding to accelerate delivery while managing trade-offs in risks and costs.^[68] Critics, including Government Accountability Office (GAO) analyses, have highlighted how the ADM and milestone processes contribute to bureaucratic delays and cost overruns in DoD acquisitions, with structural inefficiencies leading to prolonged development cycles and escalated expenses across major weapon systems.^[69] For instance, GAO reported nearly $50 billion in unscheduled cost growth for DoD's portfolio of major acquisition programs in fiscal year 2024, driven by delays, inflation, and optimistic initial estimates that persist through milestone approvals.^[70] These issues stem from requirements creep, immature technologies entering production phases, and layered reviews that inflate timelines without proportionally reducing risks, as evidenced in annual assessments of programs totaling projected investments of $2.4 trillion for 106 systems.^[71] Post-2020 applications of ADMs have emphasized adaptive pathways for emerging technologies, including hypersonic weapon integrations within defense budgets. In fiscal year 2021, the U.S. Army Acquisition Executive issued an ADM approving the MTA pathway for hypersonic capabilities, enabling rapid prototyping to address capability gaps in long-range precision strike amid great-power competition.^[72] Subsequent GAO reviews noted ADMs initiating MTA efforts for hypersonic programs, where decisions balanced accelerated fielding against risks like supply chain vulnerabilities and testing shortfalls, though persistent delays have hindered full operational deployment.^[73] These memoranda have supported DoD's push for "hypersonics 2.0" concepts, integrating empirical flight test data into cost-risk trade analyses to inform scalable production in annual budget cycles.^[74]

Science, Technology, and Medicine

Biology and Medicine

Adrenomedullin (ADM) is a 52-amino acid peptide hormone belonging to the calcitonin gene-related peptide family, initially isolated from human pheochromocytoma tissue in 1993.^[75] Encoded by the ADM gene on chromosome 11p15.2, it functions as a potent vasodilator, promoting hypotension through cyclic AMP elevation in vascular smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells.^[76] ADM exerts protective effects on endothelial barrier integrity, reducing vascular permeability during inflammation and sepsis, with plasma levels elevated in critically ill patients correlating to disease severity.^[77] Bioactive ADM (bio-ADM) serves as a biomarker for endothelial dysfunction, predicting mortality in conditions like heart failure and acute kidney injury, with thresholds above 70 pg/mL indicating high risk in septic shock cohorts.^[78] In renal physiology, ADM regulates natriuresis and diuresis via calcitonin receptor-like receptor (CLR) and receptor activity-modifying proteins (RAMPs), inhibiting renin release and enhancing glomerular filtration in animal models.^[79] Human studies demonstrate ADM's role in counteracting oxidative stress in preeclampsia, where maternal serum levels inversely correlate with blood pressure elevations, suggesting therapeutic potential through ADM analogs.^[80] However, elevated ADM in chronic diseases like cancer and diabetes reflects compensatory mechanisms rather than causation, with meta-analyses of cohort data showing no direct causal link to disease progression absent confounding vascular factors.^[81] Acellular dermal matrix (ADM) comprises decellularized human or animal dermis, processed to remove cellular components while preserving extracellular matrix proteins like collagen and elastin, minimizing immunogenicity in reconstructive procedures.^[82] In breast reconstruction post-mastectomy, ADM supports implant coverage and tissue integration, with randomized trials reporting reduced capsular contracture rates (10-15% versus 25% without ADM) and improved aesthetic outcomes at 2-year follow-ups.^[82] Complications include seroma formation (up to 12% incidence) and infection, attributed to bacterial biofilm on the matrix surface, though long-term data from over 1,000 patients indicate comparable safety to autologous flaps when sourced from regulated allografts.^[82] In neuroscience, ADM-4 (a C. elegans ortholog of human ADAM17 metalloprotease) facilitates axonal repair by cleaving and stabilizing the fusogen EFF-1 at injury sites, enabling membrane fusion in regrowing axons as evidenced by laser-ablation assays where adm-4 mutants exhibit 70% reduced fusion efficiency.^[83] This mechanism underscores proteolytic regulation in degeneration models, with implications for neurodegenerative diseases like ALS, though human translation remains limited to in vitro ADAM17 inhibition studies showing delayed Wallerian degeneration in neuronal cultures.^[84] Empirical data from knockout strains confirm ADM-4's cell-autonomous role in neurons, independent of systemic inflammation.^[83]

Physics and Mathematics

The Arnowitt–Deser–Misner (ADM) formalism provides a Hamiltonian reformulation of general relativity, decomposing four-dimensional spacetime into a foliation of three-dimensional spatial hypersurfaces evolving in a preferred time direction, thereby facilitating the initial value formulation of Einstein's equations.^[85] Developed by Richard Arnowitt, Stanley Deser, and Charles W. Misner between 1959 and 1960, with key results published in 1962, the approach derives from the canonical quantization procedure applied to the Einstein-Hilbert action, yielding a phase space with the spatial metric q_{ij} as the configuration variable and its conjugate momentum \pi^{ij} related to the extrinsic curvature.^[86] This 3+1 splitting respects the Lorentzian causal structure of general relativity by treating time evolution as hyperbolic, contrasting with Euclidean formulations that fail to capture light cone constraints and diffeomorphism-generated dynamics.^[87] Central to the formalism are the Hamiltonian constraint {\cal H} \approx 0 and momentum constraints {\cal H}_i \approx 0, which arise as first-class constraints enforcing the invariance of the theory under spacetime diffeomorphisms; these generate spatial diffeomorphisms via the momentum constraints and normal deformations via the Hamiltonian constraint, ensuring that physical states remain gauge-invariant without imposing artificial boundary conditions on causal propagation.^[88] The constraints' preservation under evolution requires the lapse function N and shift vector N^i to specify the coordinate choice for hypersurface foliation, allowing first-principles derivation of the evolution equations \partial_t q_{ij} = \{q_{ij}, H\} and \partial_t \pi^{ij} = \{\pi^{ij}, H\}, where H is the total Hamiltonian generating dynamics while vanishing weakly on the constraint surface.^[89] In asymptotically flat spacetimes, the ADM formalism defines the total mass-energy as the ADM mass M_{ADM} = \frac{1}{16\pi} \lim_{r \to \infty} \int_{S^2_r} ( \partial_j g_{ij} - \partial_i g_{jj} ) dS^i , extracted from the asymptotic behavior of the spatial metric g_{ij} = \delta_{ij} + O(1/r), providing a conserved quantity positive for non-flat metrics by the positive energy theorem.^[90] This mass plays a pivotal role in proving uniqueness theorems for stationary black holes, where extremal Kerr parameters align with ADM values under no-hair assumptions.^[90] For dynamical scenarios, the formalism underpins numerical relativity codes that evolve constraint-satisfying initial data to simulate binary black hole mergers, yielding waveforms matching LIGO/Virgo detections of events like GW150914, where post-Newtonian approximations transition to full ADM-based evolutions resolving ringdown phases.^[91]

Computing and Telecommunications

In telecommunications protocols, Asynchronous Disconnected Mode (ADM) refers to a non-operational state in data link layer procedures, such as those defined in HDLC-derived standards like LAPD and RLP used in mobile networks. In this mode, the protocol entity is logically disconnected from the peer, preventing information transfer or status acknowledgments, and serves primarily for initialization or error recovery sequences.^[92] ADM contrasts with operational modes like Asynchronous Balanced Mode (ABM), where bidirectional frame exchange occurs, and is invoked during link establishment failures or resets to ensure reliable reconnection without data loss. This mode is specified in ETSI and 3GPP standards for GSM and UMTS radio link protocols, enabling unacknowledged UI frames in disconnected states for minimal overhead during non-active periods. Adaptive Delta Modulation (ADM) is a differential pulse code modulation technique employed in digital signal processing for efficient encoding of analog signals, particularly voice in telecommunications systems. Unlike fixed-step delta modulation, ADM dynamically adjusts the quantization step size based on signal slope and error accumulation, mitigating issues like granular noise and slope overload to achieve bit rates as low as 16-32 kbps for telephony-quality audio.^[93] Introduced in research from the 1970s, ADM variants use predictors or syllabically companded steps, with empirical tests showing bandwidth reductions of up to 50% compared to standard PCM while preserving signal-to-noise ratios above 30 dB for bandlimited speech.^[94] In telecom applications, such as early digital mobile systems, ADM facilitates variable-rate transmission over noisy channels by adapting to input dynamics, though it requires precise clock synchronization to avoid cumulative errors.^[95]

Other Scientific and Technological Uses

In engineering research and development processes, ADM designates an Advanced Development Model, representing a prototype stage focused on demonstrating feasibility, integrating subsystems, and conducting initial performance evaluations prior to full-scale production. This model typically involves rigorous testing to identify design flaws, measure reliability metrics such as mean time between failures, and refine prototypes based on empirical data from simulated or real-world conditions.^[96] For instance, in environmental engineering applications, the ADM of a thermal ice drill was tested in 2003 at the U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory to assess autonomous drilling capabilities in polar ice, revealing operational efficiencies in power consumption and penetration rates under controlled low-temperature scenarios.^[97] ADM prototypes in this context often incorporate failure rate analysis, with development phases allocating specific timelines—such as 15-16 months—for iterative testing to achieve reliability predictions aligned with operational requirements.^[98] These models bridge conceptual engineering and engineering development, enabling risk reduction through subscale demonstrations, as seen in collaborative power management experiments for advanced energy systems.^[99] In non-military technology acquisition policies, ADM refers to an Acquisition Decision Memorandum, a formal document authorizing progression in programs involving civilian infrastructure or security technologies, such as those reviewed by the Transportation Security Administration. These memoranda outline approved strategies, risk assessments, and resource allocations following milestone reviews, ensuring alignment with cost, schedule, and performance baselines in areas like screening equipment deployment.^[100] For example, in Department of Homeland Security evaluations, ADMs have tracked variances in information technology program schedules and costs, mandating corrective actions to mitigate overruns in non-defense acquisitions.^[101]

Other Uses

General Abbreviations

ADM is commonly abbreviated from admission, denoting the act or process of granting entry or acceptance into an institution, particularly in educational settings like universities where it refers to evaluating and approving student applications. This usage is documented in standard lexicographic references as a shorthand for admitting individuals based on qualifications.^[102] ^[103] In academic programs, ADM expands to Apparel Design and Merchandising, a curriculum focusing on the creation, production, and distribution of clothing and textiles, with emphasis on design principles, consumer trends, and supply chain logistics. Universities such as San Francisco State University offer ADM degrees with tracks in design and merchandising to prepare graduates for industry roles in fashion retail and manufacturing.^[104] Similarly, Eastern Kentucky University includes ADM courses covering apparel producers, ethical issues, and consumer behavior.^[105] These programs address foundational aspects of the apparel sector, distinct from specialized technical fields.

Miscellaneous Terms

In informal personal advertisements, particularly in dating classifieds from the 1980s and 1990s, ADM has occasionally denoted "Attractive Divorced Male," a descriptor for men post-divorce portrayed as physically appealing and seeking companionship.^[106]^[107] This slang lacks empirical validation through large-scale analyses of ad corpora, appearing instead in anecdotal acronym compilations derived from user reports rather than systematic linguistic studies. Its rarity underscores a niche, ephemeral role in pre-digital matchmaking lingo, with no evidence of widespread adoption or persistence into modern platforms.^[106] Agency-specific or internal codes using ADM, such as provisional identifiers in minor administrative protocols outside core governmental or scientific domains, occasionally surface in declassified documents or trade glossaries but warrant cross-reference to primary fields like defense or business for context.^[108] These instances remain unstandardized and context-bound, devoid of standalone significance or verifiable prevalence data.

References

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ADM Company Profile
ADM is a global leader in human and animal nutrition, a large nutrition company, and a premier agricultural origination and processing company.
[2]
History of ADM and When it Was Founded
George Archer and John Daniels opened a linseed crushing firm in 1902. Today, ADM is a leading producer of ingredients for human and animal nutrition.
[3]
Company-Profile-for-Archer-Daniels-Midland-Company - ADM
Sep 18, 2009 · At more than 230 processing plants, we convert corn, oilseeds, wheat and cocoa into products for food, animal feed, chemical and energy uses.
[4]
[PDF] 2024 Corporate Sustainability Report - ADM
ADM's 2024 report covers sustainability, governance, nature, and life, with key topics like culture, health, food safety, human rights, and community ...
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ADM Leadership, Management and Executive Team
ADM's leadership includes Juan R. Luciano (CEO), Christopher M. Cuddy (Senior VP), Kristy Folkwein (CIO), and Regina Jones (Chief Legal Officer).Jennifer Weber · Greg A. Morris · Juan R. Luciano · Christopher M. Cuddy<|separator|>
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ADM Reports Fourth Quarter and Full-Year 2024 Results
Feb 4, 2025 · We're an essential global agricultural supply chain manager and processor, providing food security by connecting local needs with global ...
[7]
Archer Daniels Midland fined almost $52 million in past decade for ...
Dec 22, 2024 · Archer Daniels Midland fined almost $52 million in past decade for 90 violations of federal, state laws · Safety offenses are most common, ...
[8]
ADM shareholder presses CEO to resign as criminal probe continues
Dec 31, 2024 · Federal prosecutors in recent months have expanded their inquiries into whether ADM or its employees committed crimes including securities fraud ...
[9]
Archer-Daniels-Midland Company Class Action Lawsuit
The lawsuit alleges false statements about ADM's Nutrition segment's financial reporting, accounting practices, and lack of basis for positive statements about ...<|control11|><|separator|>
[10]
ADM to Cut CEO's Bonus After Accounting Scandal Hit Shares - TT
Mar 26, 2025 · Archer-Daniels-Midland Co. plans to slash CEO Juan Luciano's annual cash bonus and laid out a new policy to claw back long-term awards.
[11]
ADM to slash up to 700 roles as work to fix reporting problems ...
Feb 4, 2025 · Archer Daniels Midland announced it would cut about 600 to 700 roles, including about 150 unfilled positions, as part of a larger effort to ...
[12]
ADM INVESTIGATION ALERT: Bragar Eagel & Squire, P.C.
Oct 2, 2025 · The ADM lawsuit alleges defendants misled investors about the Nutrition segment's performance, growth prospects, and accounting, ...
[13]
[PDF] Aeronautical Decision-Making - FAA Safety
Introduction. Aeronautical decision-making (ADM) is decision-making in a unique environment—aviation. It is a systematic approach to the mental process used ...
[14]
[PDF] Aeronautical Decision-Making - Federal Aviation Administration
History of ADM For over 25 years, the importance of good pilot judgment, or aeronautical decision-making (ADM), has been recognized as critical to the safe ...
[15]
[PDF] A New Approach to Aeronautical Decision-Making - DTIC
The FAA has been involved in the development and implementation of training programs for aeronautical decision making (ADM) since 1973. The first genera- tion ...
[16]
Improve Your ADM - IFR Magazine
With the objective of improving safety, back in 1991, the FAA introduced the concept of sound aeronautical decision-making (ADM) practices to general aviation.
[17]
Understanding Aeronautical Decision-Making (ADM) - Pilot Institute
Sep 19, 2021 · The FAA defines a 3-P Model for implementing effective Aeronautical Decision Making: ... This model allows pilots to improve their Aeronautical ...
[18]
[PDF] Risk Management Handbook - Federal Aviation Administration
Risk management is applied by identifying, monitoring, and managing potential components that affect risk thereby allowing the pilot to be better prepared to ...
[19]
[PDF] Analysis of the Impact of Scenario-Based Training on the ...
Researchers interpreted the lack of improvement in accident rates as an indication that current ADM training was having little measurable impact on GA safety.
[20]
ADM: Human, Pet and Animal Nutrition Company
ADM powers industries ranging from beverages to biofuels, home care to home insulation, probiotics to pet treats. We're a leader in regenerative agriculture, a ...Careers · Contact Us · Global Consumer Trends · Early Career OpportunitiesMissing: chain | Show results with:chain
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Archer Daniels Midland (ADM) - World Benchmarking Alliance
Founded in 1902 as Daniel Linseed Company and incorporated as Archer Daniels Midland in 1923, today ADM is among the world's largest commodity traders.
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https://dcfmodeling.com/products/adm-business-model-canvas
[23]
ADM-Exceeds-5M-Regenerative-Agriculture-Acreage-Goal
Sep 8, 2025 · ADM's program engaged more than 5 million acres, surpassing its 2024 goal of 3.5 million acres and achieving its 2025 goal a year early. “ADM ...
[24]
ADM, Alltech to Bring Together Unparalleled Expertise and ...
Sep 23, 2025 · ADM, Alltech to Bring Together Unparalleled Expertise and Experience in New North American Animal Feed Joint Venture. September 23, 2025. New ...
[25]
Archer Daniels Midland to Pay Largest Criminal Antitrust Fine Ever
Oct 15, 1996 · ARCHER DANIELS MIDLAND CO. TO PLEAD GUILTY AND PAY $100 MILLION FOR ROLE IN TWO INTERNATIONAL PRICE-FIXING CONSPIRACIES.
[26]
Commission fines five companies in citric acid cartel - European Union
Dec 4, 2001 · Commission fines five companies in citric acid cartel. The European Commission today fined Hoffmann-La Roche AG, Archer Daniels Midland Co ...
[27]
Record Fine for Vitamin Cartel - The Washington Post
May 20, 1999 · Archer Daniels Midland Co. settled a price-fixing case with Justice in 1996, paying a $100 million fine and pleading guilty to rigging ...
[28]
Push Ethanol Off the Dole | Cato Institute
Jul 10, 1997 · In fact, an estimated 40 percent of ADM's profits come from government-subsidized products. Ethanol currently receives two subsidies: a tax ...
[29]
ADM's suspended CFO to resign amid accounting scandal
Apr 23, 2024 · ADM's suspended CFO to resign amid accounting scandal. Vikram Luthar ... ADM shares plunge as CFO takes forced leave amid accounting probe ...
[30]
https://securitiesdocket.com/2024/01/22/adm-places-cfo-on-leave-cuts-earnings-forecast-amid-probe/
[31]
Archer-Daniels-Midland (ADM) Q2 2025 Earnings Call Transcript
Aug 5, 2025 · Full-year 2025 adjusted EPS guidance-- The company tightened guidance and now expects adjusted EPS to be approximately $4 per share for the full ...
[32]
ADM Reports Second Quarter 2025 Results - Yahoo Finance
Aug 5, 2025 · EPS2 on a GAAP basis was $0.45, down 54% versus the prior year quarter, and adjusted EPS1,2 was $0.93, down 10% versus the prior year quarter.
[33]
DAIHATSU HISTORY｜Company
Daihatsu's local affiliate in Indonesia, Astra Daihatsu Motor (ADM), started operating a new factory in 2012, and in 2013, launched AYLA, one of the ...
[34]
Astra Daihatsu Motor (Industrial complex) - Mapy.com
Astra Daihatsu Motor (ADM) in Jakarta is Indonesia's largest automobile manufacturer and the second most popular brand after Toyota. Since 1968, this joint ...
[35]
Daihatsu Increases Investment in P.T. Astra Daihatsu Motor of ...
Aug 6, 2002 · Aug. 06, 2002. Daihatsu has increased its investment in P.T. Astra Daihatsu Motor (ADM), a joint venture company in Indonesia.
[36]
https://www.marketwatch.com/story/buyer-beware-how-to-spot-and-avoid-car-dealer-markups-fd070a55
[37]
How to Avoid Dealer Markups in 2025: Buyer Beware
Apr 4, 2025 · Learn about dealer markup and market adjustments on cars and find out what to avoid when buying a car in today's auto market.
[38]
TOGAF ADM Tutorial - Visual Paradigm
The Architecture Development Method (ADM) is applied to develop an enterprise architecture which will meet the business and information technology needs of an ...
[39]
TOGAF ADM and Architecture Content Framework - Visual Paradigm
Architects executing the Architecture Development Method (ADM) will produce a number of outputs as a result of their efforts, such as process flows, ...<|control11|><|separator|>
[40]
TOGAF ADM: Architecture Development Method - KnowledgeHut
Jul 22, 2022 · The TOGAF ADM model is designed to move organizations from the TOGAF Foundation Architecture to architecture specific to the organization, thus ...
[41]
GIS Abbreviations: A-D - Aerial/Satellite Digital Mapping Solutions
GIS Abbreviations: A-D ; Adm. Admiral; Admiralty ; ADM1, First-order administrative division ; ADM2, Second-order administrative division ; ADNR, Alaska Dept. of ...
[42]
Debit Memos - AA SalesLink - American Airlines
Agent Debit Memo is a debit to an agency for any tickets sold that were not permitted and were not the result of an airline error.Overview · Voiding A Ticket · Disputes in General · Credit Card Transactions
[43]
ADM - Agency Debit Memo - Air Greenland Agent Help Center
Agency Debit Memos (ADM) are invoices to Travel Agents for misuse of GL inventory, fares, products or other policies. In order to avoid Travel Agents (IATA ...
[44]
[PDF] RESOLUTION 850m - IATA
The airline shall ensure the FCMI indicator is passed to an Agent in the event an ADM is issued. 40TH EDITION, 1 JUNE 2019. 206.
[45]
Delta's Debit Memo Policy - Delta Professional
The Agency Debit Memo (ADM) will provide detail supporting the issuance of the ADM and the basis for Delta's claim. The ADM will provide contact information to ...
[46]
[PDF] AGENCY DEBIT MEMO (ADM) POLICY | Air India
The ADMs are raised to recover revenue or penalties not collected by the Travel agent as per fare rules set by Air India. Effective 01 January 2006, Resolution ...
[47]
[PDF] THE IMPACT OF AGENCY DEBIT MEMOS ON TRAVEL ... - Sabre
According to a recent study from IATA, about 80 percent of total. ADMs are driven by approximately 20 percent of countries. Further consolidated are the ...
[48]
Understanding Logical Link Control - Cisco
Sep 9, 2005 · Before and after a station terminates ABME, the station is in Asynchronous Disconnect Mode. In ADM, the link is logically disconnected; ...
[49]
Effect of TCP/LLC protocol interaction in GPRS networks
The LLC protocol supports two modes of operation: Asynchronous Disconnected Mode (ADM) and Asynchronous Balanced Mode (ABM) [10]. With ADM, LLC performs ...Missing: logistics | Show results with:logistics
[50]
Criminal Division | Office of Administration (ADM)
About the Office of Administration (ADM). The Office of Administration furthers the Criminal Division's mission by providing operational support in the areas of ...Missing: abbreviation | Show results with:abbreviation
[51]
Administrative Management Division (ADM)
Administrative Management Division (ADM) ... The Western Region Administrative Management Division serves as the regional focal point for a wide variety of ...Missing: abbreviation | Show results with:abbreviation<|control11|><|separator|>
[52]
Average Daily Membership - Vermont Agency of Education
Average Daily Membership (ADM) is a count of resident and state-placed students who receive an elementary or secondary education at public expense.
[53]
[PDF] Student Count for School Funding - Members Brief - Ohio.gov
Nov 12, 2024 · The funding formula refers to the student count as “average daily membership” or “ADM.” Enrolled ADM and base cost enrolled ADM. The formula ...
[54]
Average Daily Membership (ADM) and Average Daily Attendance ...
Aug 7, 2025 · Average Daily Membership (ADM) and Average Daily Attendance (ADA). FY25 Full Year ADM & ADA · FY25 1 Nine Weeks ADM & ADA.
[55]
Financial Data Elements | Department of Education
Average daily membership (ADM) is the term used for all resident pupils of the school district for whom the school district is financially responsible. It is ...
[56]
K-12 School Finance Glossary
Average Daily Membership (ADM): A measure of student enrollment. ADM ... A district's ADM generates funding calculated by the BEP formula for a variety ...
[57]
Fall In, Fallout: When the US Military (Almost) Brought Radiological ...
Sep 22, 2020 · In addition to artillery-delivered nuclear projectiles, the Army became very interested in low-yield atomic demolition munitions, or ADMs.
[58]
Atomic Demolition Munitions - Brookings Institution
The SADM had a yield of 0.01, or 0.02-1 kiloton and was operationally deployed between 1964 and 1988. The entire unit weighed less than 163 pounds (74 kilograms) ...
[59]
Does Russia Have Nuclear Landmines?
Jul 17, 2023 · The report from 2020 listed “atomic demolition mines” as part of Russia's “active” stockpile of non-strategic nuclear weapons.
[60]
What was the Special Atomic Demolition Munition?
Jun 2, 2022 · Production of the B54 Mod 1 SADM began in August 1964. The weapon was 12 inches (305 mm) in diameter, 18 inches (457 mm) long, and weighed 58.5 ...
[61]
Special Forces Parachuted With Nukes Strapped To Them During ...
Jun 9, 2023 · Special Forces “Green Light” teams trained to deploy small nuclear bombs called Special Atomic Demolition Munitions during the Cold War.Missing: details | Show results with:details<|separator|>
[62]
[PDF] FM 5-106: Employment of Atomic Demolition Munitions - BITS
The SADM is a low-yield ADM also fired by a timer mechanism and portable by one person. PLACEMENT. ADM missions are executed by maneuver forces supported with ...Missing: details | Show results with:details
[63]
The horrifying purpose of Special Atomic Demolition Munition units
Jan 14, 2019 · Bentley got out in August 1975, a few years before the Special Atomic Demolition Munition units were entirely disbanded. For some reason, he ...
[64]
[PDF] Acquisition Decision Memorandum for the Defense Integrated ... - DoD
Feb 5, 2010 · An Acquisition Decision Memorandum is a memorandum signed by the Milestone Decision Authority that documents decisions made as the result of a ...
[65]
Acquisition Decision Memorandums (ADM) | www.dau.edu
A memorandum signed by the Milestone Decision Authority (MDA) that documents decisions made as the result of a Milestone Decision Review (MDR) or other ...Missing: abbreviation administration
[66]
[PDF] DoDI 5000.85, "Major Capability Acquisition," August 6, 2020 ...
Aug 6, 2020 · The MDA will approve the acquisition strategy to determine the materiel solution, the strategy for the TMRR phase, PM waiver requests, release ...
[67]
Defense Acquisition Milestone Overview - AcqNotes
Feb 20, 2024 · The Exit Criteria should be located in the Acquisition Decision Memorandum (ADM), program management plan, and executive summary. AcqLinks ...<|separator|>
[68]
[PDF] DoD Instruction 5000.80, "Operation of the Middle Tier of Acquisition
Dec 30, 2019 · This process will result in an approved requirement and a DA signed acquisition decision memorandum (ADM) that validates the rationale for using ...
[69]
[PDF] DEFENSE ACQUISITION REFORM Persistent Challenges Require ...
Jun 11, 2025 · GAO-25-108528 Defense Acquisition Reform DOD remains plagued by escalating costs, prolonged development cycles, and structural inefficiencies ...
[70]
GAO tallies nearly $50B in Pentagon weapons cost growth ...
Jun 11, 2025 · The Pentagon's portfolio of major defense acquisition systems saw nearly $50 billion in unscheduled cost growth last year.
[71]
Defense Acquisition Reform: Persistent Challenges Require New ...
Jun 11, 2025 · In June 2025, GAO reported that the Department of Defense (DOD) plans to invest nearly $2.4 trillion to develop and acquire 106 of its costliest ...
[72]
[PDF] U.S. Army Acquisition Program Portfolio 2024
Jul 19, 2024 · • FY21: Army Acquisition Executive Acquisition Decision Memorandum approval of Middle Tier of Acquisition (MTA). Pathway. • FY23: System ...
[73]
[PDF] GAO-24-106792, HYPERSONIC WEAPONS: DOD Could Reduce ...
Jul 29, 2024 · acquisition decision memorandum was signed initiating an MTA rapid prototyping or rapid fielding program. MTA programs designated before ...
[74]
[PDF] An Exploration of the U.S. Army Acquisition Strategy for Hypersonic ...
Mar 30, 2023 · Submitted to Defense Acquisition University in partial fulfillment of the requirement of the Senior. Service College Fellowship.Missing: post- | Show results with:post-<|control11|><|separator|>
[75]
Adrenomedullin - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics
Adrenomedullin (ADM) is a member of the calcitonin gene-related peptide family. ADM was initially discovered in the human adrenal medulla and has since been ...
[76]
133 - Gene ResultADM adrenomedullin [ (human)] - NCBI
Aug 19, 2025 · The protein encoded by this gene is a preprohormone which is cleaved to form two biologically active peptides, adrenomedullin and ...
[77]
Adrenomedullin and Adrenomedullin-Targeted Therapy As ...
Adrenomedullin (ADM), a free circulating peptide involved in regulation of endothelial barrier function and vascular tone, is implicated in the pathophysiology ...
[78]
bio-ADM: endothelial function biomarker - sphingotec.com
Bioactive Adrenomedullin 1-52 (bio-ADM) is a dynamic blood biomarker for the real-time assessment of endothelial function, even before the symptoms become ...
[79]
p35318 · adml_human - UniProt
Adrenomedullin/ADM and proadrenomedullin N-20 terminal peptide/PAMP are peptide hormones that act as potent hypotensive and vasodilatator agents.
[80]
The Role of Adrenomedullin as a Predictive Marker of the Risk of ...
Adrenomedullin (ADM) is a vasodilatory peptide that plays a crucial role in maintaining cardiovascular health through its various biological functions.
[81]
Sandwich immunoassay for adrenomedullin precursor and its ...
Nov 15, 2024 · Adrenomedullin (ADM) is a multifaceted peptide hormone involved in numerous physiological processes, including vascular stability, ...
[82]
Acellular Dermal Matrix in Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery - PMC
ADM is a dermal graft stripped of the epidermis and all other cellular elements in order to avoid tissue rejection and graft failure [3]. These dermal ...Missing: abbreviation | Show results with:abbreviation
[83]
The metalloprotease ADM-4/ADAM17 promotes axonal repair - PMC
Mar 16, 2022 · ... ADM-4 binds EFF-1 and stabilizes this fusogen after injury. Thus, we propose a model in which ADM-4 promotes axonal fusion in the regrowing axon ...
[84]
The metalloprotease ADM-4/ADAM17 promotes axonal repair
Mar 18, 2022 · We reveal that animals lacking ADM-4 cannot repair their axons by fusion, and that ADM-4 has a cell-autonomous function within injured neurons, ...
[85]
Arnowitt-Deser-Misner formalism - Scholarpedia
Oct 14, 2008 · The Arnowitt-Deser-Misner formalism (ADM formalism) is an approach to General Relativity, and more generally to gauge theories.
[86]
[PDF] Republication of: The dynamics of general relativity
Aug 8, 2008 · Original paper: R. Arnowitt, S. Deser and C. W. Misner, in Gravitation: an introduction to current research (Chap. 7). Edited by Louis Witten.
[87]
[2210.10103] Introduction to the ADM formalism - arXiv
Oct 18, 2022 · The authors present concepts and mathematical developments which give rise to the Hamiltonian formulation of Einstein's general relativity.
[88]
[PDF] arXiv:0901.3344v2 [gr-qc] 7 Apr 2009
Apr 7, 2009 · In achieving their formulation, ADM followed a procedure other than the Dirac constraint formalism, in which constraint equations are solved ...
[89]
[PDF] Introduction to Hamiltonian formulation of general relativity ... - SciPost
Aug 11, 2023 · One of the central pillars of the Cauchy problem formulation in general relativity is the Arnowitt-Deser-Misner (ADM) formalism [4,5] and its ...Missing: history | Show results with:history
[90]
On the Meaning of Various Mass Definitions for Asymptotically Flat ...
Jan 28, 2021 · For example, the ADM mass corresponds to the inertial mass while the Møøller mass corresponds to the active gravitational mass. In general the ...
[91]
Fundamentals of numerical relativity for gravitational wave sources
Jul 27, 2018 · This review introduces some of the fundamental concepts of numerical relativity—solving the Einstein equations on the computer—in simple terms.
[92]
[PDF] TS 124 022 - V13.0.0 - ETSI
An RLP entity can be in one of two modes: - Asynchronous Balanced Mode (ABM);. - Asynchronous Disconnected Mode (ADM). 5.1.1 Asynchronous Balanced Mode (ABM).
[93]
https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/1093385
[94]
[PDF] Research on Adaptive Delta Modulators - DTIC
In this chapter we discuss the results of experiments that we have performed using adaptive delta modulation as a source encoding technique for use in packet ...Missing: telecommunications | Show results with:telecommunications
[95]
Adaptive Delta Modulation - Block Diagram and Applications
In the modulation process, the properties of a high-frequency signal such as amplitude, phase, etc… are changed according to the low-frequency base-band signal.Missing: telecommunications | Show results with:telecommunications
[96]
[PDF] R&D Testing of Hull, Mechanical and Electrical Systems, - DTIC
Advanced Development Model. AFP. Approval for Full Production. ALP ... Development Models (ADM) at the subsystem/component level. Testing conducted.
[97]
Autonomous Computer Controlled Ice Drill Perfomance Tests | IEEE ...
A series of tests of the Advanced Development Model (ADM) thermal ice drill, were conducted at the U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering ...
[98]
[PDF] MIL-HDBK-294 (NAVY) - DAU
Dec 31, 1986 · Advanced development and engineering development phases. Advanced development model (ADM). 15. 15. 15. 16. 16. 16. 16. 5.4 3. Testing and ...
[99]
Experimental Test bed to De-Risk the Navy Advanced Development ...
... Advanced Development Model (ADM). The subscale ADM test bed builds on collaborative power management experiments conducted as part of the Swampworks Program ...
[100]
[PDF] tsa md 2600.1 acquisition program review and reporting
Oct 4, 2024 · Acquisition Decision Memorandum (ADM): The documented record of decisions, exit criteria, and designed actions from an Acquisition Review ...
[101]
[PDF] GAO-20-20, Homeland Security Acquisitions
Oct 24, 2019 · fully reflected in the policies. 35. DHS may not issue an acquisition decision memorandum after every program's operational test. DHS did not ...
[102]
ADM Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster
What does the abbreviation ADM stand for? Meaning: administration; administrative.Missing: government | Show results with:government
[103]
ADM. Definition & Meaning - Dictionary.com
abbreviation. administration. administrative. administrator. admission.Missing: government | Show results with:government
[104]
Apparel Design & Merchandising
We offer two concentrations, one in Design and one in Merchandising, where students explore human behavior, social problems and environmental concerns, ...
[105]
Apparel Design & Merchandising (ADM) < Eastern Kentucky University
An introductory study of apparel and textile producers, designers,merchandisers, retailers, consumer characteristics, consumer behavior, and ethical issues.
[106]
adm - all meanings - Abbreviations
Abbreviation adm ; ADM, Ardmore Municipal Airport [Ardmore, Oklahoma, United States] ; ADM, Ancestral Domain Monument ; ADM, Admissions ; ADM, Average Daily ...
[107]
What does ADM stand for? - ADM meaning - 578 definitions by ...
attractive divorced male.
[108]
ADM - Definition by AcronymFinder
What does ADM stand for? ; ADM · Admission ; ADM · Admiral ; ADM, Average Daily Membership (count of students in public education).