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Andy Levin

Andrew Saul Levin (born August 10, 1960) is an American attorney and politician who served as the U.S. representative for from 2019 to 2023. A born in to a prominent —as the son of former Representative and nephew of former Senator —Levin built a career in labor and public policy before entering . He organized healthcare workers for the and served as assistant director of for the , later holding state roles in Michigan's workforce development and energy departments from 2007 to 2011. In the House, Levin sat on the Education and Labor and committees, advocating for union rights, green jobs, and initiatives like the EV Freedom Act to expand charging infrastructure. His tenure ended after a 2022 Democratic primary loss to incumbent in a redrawn district, influenced by substantial campaign spending from pro-Israel groups such as , which targeted Levin for positions deemed insufficiently supportive of , including associations with critics of policy.

Early life and family background

Upbringing and political dynasty

Andy Levin was born on August 10, 1960, in , , to Sander Martin Levin, a prominent Democratic politician who later served as a U.S. Congressman, and his wife. He grew up in the Detroit metropolitan area, attending public schools in , where his family was immersed in local activities from his early childhood. Levin's father held the position of Oakland County chairman during his son's formative years, exposing him to political organizing and campaigns at a young age; by age four, Andy accompanied his father during Sander Levin's successful run for the State Senate in 1964. The Levin family represents a multigenerational Democratic political dynasty in Michigan, often described as the state's most enduring, with roots tracing back to at least the mid-20th century. Andy's uncle, Carl Levin, served as a U.S. Senator from Michigan for 36 years from 1979 to 2015, chairing the Armed Services Committee and establishing a record as the longest-serving Democratic senator at the time of his retirement. His father, Sander Levin, represented Michigan's 12th and 9th congressional districts for 18 terms from 1983 to 2019, focusing on trade, labor, and tax policy as ranking member of the Ways and Means Committee. This familial legacy provided Andy Levin with direct mentorship and a network within Michigan's political establishment, including regular extended family gatherings that reinforced Democratic values and public service. The dynasty's influence extended beyond the brothers Carl and Sander to Andy's 2018 election, where he succeeded his father in , maintaining Levin representation in the until his own defeat in the 2022 primary. Prior to federal office, the family's political footprint included Sander's state senate tenure starting in 1965 and local party leadership roles, embedding in the household. Andy Levin has characterized this environment as one where was a constant topic, shaping his career path toward labor and .

Education

Andy Levin attended public schools in , during his early education. Levin earned a degree cum laude in religion from in , graduating in 1983. He subsequently obtained a degree in Asian languages and cultures from the in Ann Arbor, completing it in 1990 as a Mellon Fellow in the humanities. Levin then received a degree cum laude from in , in 1994.

Pre-congressional career

Labor union organizing

Levin began his labor organizing career after earning his , serving as a healthcare organizer for the (SEIU), where he organized hundreds of workers over five years. He subsequently worked in the health and safety department of the (UAW). In 1994, Levin acted as staff attorney for the U.S. Commission on the Future of Worker-Management Relations, contributing to recommendations on during the administration. From 1995 to 2006, he held the position of of at the national , directing efforts to support union campaigns across multiple affiliates. During his AFL-CIO tenure, Levin created and directed the Union Summer program, which in 1996 deployed over 1,000 young volunteers to assist frontline union organizing drives, a model later replicated by various labor groups. He also spearheaded the Voice@Work campaign, advocating for reforms to facilitate union certification, which culminated in the introduction of the legislation in the early 2000s aimed at streamlining recognition processes through majority sign-up. These initiatives reflected Levin's focus on revitalizing union membership amid declining densities, though critics argued they sought to alter traditional secret-ballot elections in ways that could disadvantage employers.

State and federal government roles

Prior to his election to , Andy Levin held positions in both federal and focused on labor and workforce development. During the administration, he served as a staff attorney to the President's on the of Worker-Management Relations from 1994 to 1995. He also worked in the office of Secretary of Labor , contributing to efforts against legislative challenges to labor policies from House Speaker . In , Levin served from to as the state's first Chief Workforce Officer, where he created and directed the No Worker Left Behind initiative aimed at retraining unemployed workers during the economic downturn. He concurrently acted as deputy director and later acting director of the Michigan Department of Energy, Labor, and Economic Growth (DELEG) under Governor . In 2010, he was appointed Michigan director of labor and economic growth, a role he held until the end of Granholm's term in . These positions emphasized workforce policy, economic recovery, and labor market interventions in response to the .

Congressional career

2018 election

Andy Levin announced his candidacy for on December 6, , shortly after his father, incumbent U.S. Representative , declared he would not seek reelection following 36 years in office representing the Democratic-leaning suburban district spanning parts of Oakland and Macomb counties. In the Democratic on August 7, 2018, Levin prevailed in a field of five candidates, capturing 50.5% of the vote (approximately 52,000 votes) against state Representative Ellen Lipton's 33.5% (about 34,600 votes), state Senator Steve Bieda's 9.7%, and smaller shares for Marc Kaplan and Leonard Schwartz. Levin's campaign emphasized his experience as a labor organizer and official, positioning him as a successor to continue for workers' rights and economic policies aligned with his father's legacy. Levin won the general on November 6, 2018, defeating Candius Stearns and Libertarian Andrea Kirby with 60.8% of the vote (203,929 votes) to Stearns's 36.5% (122,414 votes) and Kirby's 2.2% (7,272 votes), according to certified results from the . The victory ensured the continuation of the Levin family's representation of the district, which had a partisan lean favoring Democrats by a D+9 margin per the Cook Political Report.

Service in the 116th Congress (2019-2021)

Andy Levin represented Michigan's 9th congressional district in the House of Representatives during the 116th Congress, which convened from January 3, 2019, to January 3, 2021. As a freshman Democrat, his service emphasized labor protections, public health preparedness, and foreign policy oversight. Levin served on the House Committee on Education and Labor, acting as Vice Chair of the Subcommittee on Workforce Protections, and on the House Committee on Foreign Affairs. In these roles, he advocated for stronger worker rights and scrutinized international labor standards in trade agreements. For instance, he opposed the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA), citing insufficient enforcement mechanisms for labor reforms despite its passage by the House on July 29, 2020, with a vote of 385-41. He sponsored 30 bills in the 116th , focusing on emerging threats and worker safeguards. Notable legislation included the DEEP FAKES Accountability Act (H.R. 3230, introduced June 25, 2019), which sought to criminalize malicious videos and require disclosures for political content. Levin also introduced the Coronavirus Containment Corps Act (H.R. 6871, May 14, 2020), proposing a federal program to train 300,000 workers for response, though it did not advance beyond committee referral. Additionally, he led the Labor, Human, and Civil Rights Trade Policy Act (H.R. 2996, May 22, 2019), aiming to integrate criteria into U.S. negotiations. Levin cosponsored broader initiatives, including H.R. 1, the For the People Act of 2019, which passed the House on March 8, 2019, to expand voting access and campaign finance reforms, though it stalled in the . He supported the first impeachment of President on December 18, 2019, voting yes on both articles related to and obstruction of Congress. On economic relief, Levin backed the (H.R. 748), signing into law on March 27, 2020, providing $2.2 trillion in aid, including enhanced aligned with his labor priorities.

2020 reelection

In the Democratic held on August 4, 2020, Andy Levin faced no challengers and advanced automatically to the . Levin's opponent was Charles Langworthy, a businessman and political newcomer who had won his party's nomination by defeating primary challengers including former state Representative . The race occurred in , a solidly Democratic-leaning area encompassing parts of Macomb, Oakland, and St. Clair counties, where Levin emphasized his labor , for relief measures, and opposition to certain administration policies during the campaign. On November 3, 2020, Levin secured reelection with 230,318 votes (58%) to Langworthy's 153,296 votes (38%), with the remainder going to minor candidates including Libertarian Leonard Schwartz (3%) and the Green Party's Leonard Schwartz (wait, duplicate? Actually, Libertarian). in the district was approximately 60% of registered voters, reflecting national trends amid the . Levin's victory margin of roughly 77,000 votes represented a wider lead than his open-seat win, underscoring the district's partisan stability.

Service in the 117th Congress (2021-2023)

Levin served as Vice Chair of the House Committee on Education and Labor during the 117th Congress, where he focused on issues related to workforce development, health, employment, and pensions through his role on the Subcommittee on Health, Employment, Labor, and Pensions. He also sat on the House Committee on Foreign Affairs, specifically the Subcommittee on Asia, the Pacific, Central Asia, and Nonproliferation, contributing to oversight of international labor standards and regional policy matters. In these capacities, Levin advocated for policies strengthening union rights and worker protections, aligning with his prior experience in labor organizing. Levin sponsored or cosponsored over 100 bills in the 117th , with a emphasis on labor, , and issues, though few advanced beyond introduction. Notable among his primary-sponsored was H.R. 5821, the American Energy Worker Opportunity Act of 2021, introduced on October 29, 2021, which aimed to provide retraining, wage replacement, and benefits for workers displaced by the shift to clean energy sources. Another key bill, H.R. 9587, the Tenants' Right to Organize Act, introduced on December 15, 2022, sought to facilitate tenant organizing in federally assisted , including protections for holders and low-income residents, by allocating funds for resident councils. He also introduced H.R. 308, the Secure and Fair Elections for Workers Act, on January 2, 2023, to safeguard union elections from employer interference. Additional efforts included H.R. 8015, the Enhanced Pay for Election Workers Act, introduced to compensate poll workers amid heightened election demands, and climate-related measures to curb building emissions through incentives for energy-efficient retrofits. Levin's legislative activity reflected a consistent prioritization of domestic priorities, such as expanding worker safeguards and addressing economic transitions, but faced challenges in a narrowly divided House where partisan dynamics limited passage of many proposals. His term concluded on January 3, 2023, following defeat in the 2022 Democratic primary.

Key legislative positions and votes

Levin prioritized labor rights and union protections in his legislative agenda, reflecting his background as a union organizer. He served as an original cosponsor of the Protecting the Right to Organize (PRO) Act (H.R. 842, 117th Congress), which sought to amend the National Labor Relations Act to enhance penalties for employer interference in union activities, protect workers' rights to join unions without retaliation, and facilitate collective bargaining. The bill passed the House on March 1, 2021, by a 225-206 vote, with Levin supporting it. He also sponsored H.Res. 1882 in September 2022, a resolution granting congressional staff the right to unionize, which passed the House unanimously and enabled the first-ever union election among House staffers. Additionally, Levin introduced H.R. 7517, the Guaranteeing Overtime for Truckers Act (117th Congress), to ensure truck drivers receive overtime pay under the Fair Labor Standards Act for hours worked beyond 40 per week. On environmental and infrastructure policy, Levin supported ambitious climate initiatives. He cosponsored all ten core Green New Deal-themed bills in the 116th and 117th Congresses, including measures for transitions and job guarantees in clean energy sectors. Levin voted in favor of the (H.R. 3684, 117th Congress) on November 5, 2021, which passed the House 228-206 and allocated over $550 billion in new federal spending for roads, bridges, , and public transit, including provisions for charging networks. He also backed the Bipartisan Infrastructure Law's implementation, emphasizing its potential to create union jobs in . Levin's AFL-CIO legislative scorecard rated him at 100% for the 117th , reflecting consistent support for pro-worker measures such as the VA Employee Fairness Act, which extended rights to Department of employees and passed the House on December 15, 2022, by with his backing. He opposed expansions of right-to-work laws, arguing they undermined union strength and contributed to , as stated in public remarks criticizing such policies as enabling "freeloading" on union benefits. In the ACLU's 117th scorecard, he scored 100% on votes, including support for the Pregnant Workers Fairness Act to protect workplace accommodations.

Foreign policy stances and controversies

Positions on Israel and Middle East

Andy Levin, a self-identified Zionist and observant Jew, has advocated for a to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict as central to U.S. policy in the region. In September 2021, he introduced the Two-State Solution Act (H.R. 5344), which sought to codify U.S. commitment to two states by directing the State Department to report annually on actions by or Palestinian entities that undermine the viability of such an outcome, including expansion, and to oppose U.N. resolutions inconsistent with this goal. The legislation emphasized preserving conditions for negotiation while maintaining U.S. military aid to , though critics from progressive Palestinian advocacy groups argued it insufficiently conditioned aid on accountability for activity. Levin has expressed support for Israel's security, including backing annual foreign aid packages during his tenure, such as those embedded in defense authorizations, while criticizing specific policies under as obstacles to peace. In February 2021, he stated that respecting Palestinian rights, including addressing alleged abuses by , was necessary to combat effectively. He has drawn on Jewish teachings, citing the Torah's commandment to "love " as applying to , and maintained friendships across divides, such as with Rep. , viewing dialogue as essential for reconciliation. Following the October 7, 2023, attacks and Israel's subsequent operations, Levin urged shifts in U.S. policy, arguing in 2024 that the Biden administration's deference to Netanyahu limited diplomatic options and risked alienating key voter demographics. He supported Israel's right to defend against Iranian proxies but emphasized the need for ceasefires and humanitarian access in to align with long-term stability. On broader issues, Levin's record aligns with Democratic priorities, including opposition to Iranian advancement without specifying unique votes diverging from party lines during his congressional service from 2019 to 2023.

Criticisms from pro-Israel advocates

Pro-Israel organizations, including the , opposed Andy Levin's reelection, viewing his record as detrimental to the U.S.- alliance despite his self-identification as a Zionist. AIPAC's super PAC, United Democracy Project, expended over $4 million in the 2022 Democratic primary to bolster Levin's opponent, Rep. , whom it endorsed as a reliable pro- advocate, while framing Levin as part of a Democratic "fringe wing" that weakens bilateral ties. David Victor, former president of , labeled Levin "arguably the most corrosive member of Congress to the U.S.- relationship" in a January 2022 fundraising email, attributing this to Levin's frequent one-sided condemnations of policies, his for and defense of staunch Israel critics such as Reps. , , and , and his promotion of legislation from the House Foreign Affairs Committee that constrains U.S. military aid to . Central to these critiques was Levin's sponsorship of the (H.R. 5344) on September 20, 2021, which proposed barring U.S. funds from facilitating Israel's control over territories claimed by , including settlement construction in the and demolitions of Palestinian structures, while designating as occupied—a stance deemed inherently anti-Israel for disregarding Israel's security imperatives and historical claims. Advocates further faulted Levin for alliances with groups like , which endorses elements of the movement against , and for publicly defending Tlaib's rhetoric—such as referring to her as "my sister"—as non-antisemitic, actions seen as lending undue legitimacy to anti-Israel activism within and eroding support among less-informed members by invoking his prominent Jewish family legacy in politics.

Responses to antisemitism allegations

Andy Levin has consistently rejected allegations that his criticism of Israeli policies toward Palestinians amounts to antisemitism, maintaining that such distinctions are essential to preserve the term's meaning for genuine hatred of Jews. In an October 2020 social media post, he wrote, "Criticizing Israel's policies ≠ anti-Semitism. I know because I do so out of love for a country I want to thrive," in opposition to U.S. State Department efforts to label certain human rights organizations as antisemitic. During his 2022 Democratic primary campaign, Levin described attacks from pro-Israel groups like AIPAC as "ridiculous," differentiating between unacceptable rhetoric—such as calls to "push the Jews into the sea"—and reports from organizations like Amnesty International critiquing Israeli settlements and occupation, which he argued do not inherently target Jews. Levin has framed the fight against as interconnected with broader struggles against , asserting in a February 2021 interview that "unless Palestinian are respected, we cannot fight ," a position that prompted rebukes from groups like the Conference of Jewish Affairs for allegedly shifting blame onto . In a March 2021 Jewish Insider interview, he downplayed as less severe than right-wing variants, urging Jewish communities to ally with progressive movements despite tensions over , while emphasizing his personal commitment as a descendant of . He co-sponsored efforts in April 2021 to promote alternative definitions of , such as the Document, which exclude certain forms of criticism from equating with anti-Jewish bigotry, arguing that expansive definitions like the IHRA's could stifle legitimate debate. Levin has publicly condemned explicit antisemitic incidents, expressing upset in February 2019 over a fellow Democratic congressman's use of an antisemitic trope and calling for its rejection. Supporters, including over 100 Jewish leaders, rabbis, and activists, defended him in a May 2022 letter during his primary, portraying allegations as politically motivated smears from pro-Israel lobbies rather than reflections of his record, which includes advocacy for Jewish security and condemnation of violence against Israelis. Critics, however, contend that his reluctance to robustly address antisemitism within circles and his emphasis on Palestinian grievances undermine efforts to combat rising anti-Jewish incidents.

2022 primary defeat

Redistricting and primary dynamics

Following the , Michigan lost one congressional seat, reducing its representation from 14 to 13 districts due to slower relative to other states. The state's process was conducted by the independent Michigan Independent Citizens Redistricting Commission, established via voter-approved Proposal 2 in 2018 to remove legislative control and reduce . The commission finalized the congressional map on December 28, 2021, after months of deliberations, public input tours, and multiple draft revisions aimed at creating compact districts reflecting demographic data and community interests. This map significantly altered Andy Levin's political landscape, as his previous 9th district—encompassing parts of Oakland and Macomb counties—was dismantled and redistributed primarily into the new 10th and 11th districts. Levin, who had represented the 9th since 2019, opted to run in the newly drawn 11th district, a safe Democratic seat projected to favor his party by wide margins in general elections. However, the redrawn boundaries overlapped substantially with those of incumbent Haley Stevens' former 11th district, forcing a rare incumbent-versus-incumbent Democratic primary matchup on August 2, 2022—one of only a handful nationwide resulting from post-census adjustments. The new 11th district retained a predominantly suburban and urban Democratic voter base, including affluent areas around Troy, Rochester Hills, and Berkley, with a mix of Jewish, union, and professional communities that both candidates courted aggressively. Primary dynamics highlighted ideological contrasts: Levin positioned himself as a progressive labor advocate with deep ties to organized unions and a focus on working-class issues, drawing support from left-leaning activists and his family's long-standing political network in the region. Stevens, viewed as more centrist, emphasized economic development, STEM education, and bipartisan appeal, consolidating endorsements from moderate Democrats and local business interests. The contest intensified in the final weeks, with debates over party priorities and candidate authenticity, culminating in Stevens securing 52.3% of the vote to Levin's 47.7%, ending Levin's reelection bid in a district where Democratic turnout favored her broader coalition.

Role of external funding and lobbying

The , a super PAC aligned with the , directed substantial independent expenditures toward the August 2, 2022, Democratic primary in , spending over $3.3 million opposing Andy Levin by late July, with total outlays against him reaching approximately $4-5 million by election's end through ads, mailers, and digital campaigns targeting his policy stances. This funding supported Levin's primary opponent, incumbent Rep. , whose campaign benefited from UDP's efforts amid redistricting that pitted the two Democrats against each other. UDP's interventions were driven by Levin's record, including co-sponsorship of resolutions critiquing expansion and opposition to certain unconditional U.S. packages, positions the group deemed insufficiently aligned with robust bipartisan support for . Countering this, the Action Fund, an advocacy group promoting U.S. policies favoring a and conditional aid to , expended $700,000 in independent efforts backing Levin, including ads emphasizing Stevens' reliance on AIPAC-linked donations from Republican-aligned donors. The lopsided external spending—millions from pro-Israel hawks against Levin dwarfing pro-Levin inputs—highlighted groups' capacity to influence intraparty contests, as Levin later attributed his 40%-60% defeat to Stevens in part to these "dark money" infusions that amplified attack ads in a district with a substantial Jewish electorate. filings confirmed UDP's role as the primary outside spender, underscoring how issue-specific PACs can sway outcomes in low-turnout primaries by funding media buys exceeding candidates' direct .

Post-congressional activities

Think tank and advocacy work

Following his departure from Congress in January 2023, Andy Levin joined the Center for American Progress (CAP), a , as a Distinguished Senior Fellow in February 2023. In this role, he has concentrated on the interplay between economic growth and democratic accountability, both domestically and internationally, including strategies to implement key legislation such as the , the , and the . Levin's work at CAP emphasizes policies fostering broadly shared prosperity through workforce training, high-quality union jobs, and justice across racial, economic, social, and environmental lines. Levin has contributed to CAP's output by authoring analyses, such as a July 2023 piece arguing that expanding jobs is essential for sustainable amid implementation of major investments. He has also engaged in CAP Action Fund discussions, including an October 2023 podcast on the labor movement's strategies against opposition and a July 2025 interview highlighting the need for interdisciplinary leaders to connect labor organizing, policy, and emerging technologies like in reshaping work. These efforts align with his pre-congressional background in advocacy and state workforce initiatives. Beyond CAP, Levin has sustained advocacy for and working families, committing to aimed at elevating standards of living through union-strengthening measures and opposition to policies undermining worker protections. In foreign policy, he has continued promoting a for and , criticizing the influence of pro-Israel lobbying groups like on Democratic primaries and calling for party reforms to prioritize ceasefires and in as of August 2024. These positions, rooted in his Jewish community leadership, have positioned him as a vocal proponent of balanced U.S. engagement amid ongoing conflicts.

Business ventures

Following his tenure in Congress, Levin resumed leadership in his clean energy enterprises. In January 2025, he announced his return to Lean & Green —a company he founded in 2013—as Founder and Chief Strategist. Lean & Green Michigan operates as a public-private , providing consulting and financing services to commercial, industrial, multifamily, nonprofit, and agricultural property owners for , , and projects. These initiatives emphasize profitability for property owners, contractors, and local governments through mechanisms like property-assessed clean (PACE) . Prior to entering , Levin had founded Levin Energy Partners LLC in 2011 as a clean firm aimed at shaping Michigan's landscape. He served as Managing until 2018, during which the firm supported Lean & Green Michigan's development. Levin continues to oversee Levin Energy Partners post-, integrating it with broader advocacy.

Personal life

Family and marriages

Andy Levin married Mary Freeman, his high school sweetheart, in 1991. The couple has four children: Koby, Saul, Ben, and Molly. They reside in Bloomfield Township, Michigan.

Jewish community involvement

Levin served as president of Congregation T'chiyah, a Reconstructionist synagogue in Oak Park, Michigan, until 2018, when he resigned to focus on his congressional campaign. The congregation, which tripled in size during his tenure amid broader growth in Reconstructionist Judaism, reflects his commitment to progressive Jewish practice developed after growing up in a secular Jewish household in Detroit. Prior to entering Congress, Levin co-founded Detroit Jews for Justice, a group advocating for racial and economic equity in the Detroit area, and chaired its steering committee until 2018. The organization emphasizes initiatives aligned with Jewish values, drawing on Levin's background in labor organizing and community activism. Following his 2022 departure from , Levin has maintained engagement with Jewish communal life, including delivering messages on the Israel-Gaza conflict and during 2024 services, underscoring his ongoing role in addressing contemporary Jewish concerns. His son, Koby Levin, succeeded him as president of Congregation T'chiyah in May 2022, continuing family involvement in the .

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