Williams College
Williams College is a private liberal arts college in Williamstown, Massachusetts, founded in 1793 through a bequest from Colonel Ephraim Williams to support education in the frontier region.[1] It enrolls 2,101 undergraduates and 49 graduate students as of fall 2024, with a student-faculty ratio of 7:1 that enables small seminars and individualized instruction.[2][1] The institution emphasizes interdisciplinary study across more than 50 majors in the humanities, sciences, and social sciences, featuring distinctive elements such as the Oxford-inspired tutorial system—where pairs of students debate essays with a professor—and the month-long Winter Study program dedicated to experiential learning, internships, or exploratory courses.[3][4] The college maintains a 450-acre rural campus in the Berkshires, fostering a residential community where over half of undergraduates receive need-based financial aid under a no-loan policy that meets 100% of demonstrated need through grants alone.[2][1] Williams has achieved consistent national preeminence, ranking first among liberal arts colleges in the 2026 U.S. News & World Report survey due to outcomes in graduation rates, faculty resources, and alumni earnings.[2] Its alumni include U.S. President James A. Garfield, Supreme Court Justice Stephen J. Field, and leaders in government, business, and academia, reflecting a track record of producing influential figures despite its small size.[5] The Ephs athletic teams compete in NCAA Division III, with notable success in sports like squash and tennis, while facilities such as the Williams College Museum of Art and Hopkins Observatory support broader intellectual pursuits.[6] In recent decades, Williams has navigated tensions over institutional policies, including revisions to free speech guidelines following faculty-student disputes and protests against perceived ideological constraints on discourse.[7] Coeducational since 1970 after phasing out fraternities in the early 1960s, the college prioritizes an honor code and close-knit environment, though critics have highlighted social pressures and administrative responses to activism as areas of ongoing contention.[1]History
Founding and Early Years (1793–1850)
Williams College originated from the 1755 bequest of Colonel Ephraim Williams Jr., a colonial military officer killed at the Battle of Lake George during the French and Indian War. His will, probated on November 11, 1755, directed approximately $9,297 from his estate toward establishing and supporting a free school in a western Massachusetts frontier township, conditional on it being renamed Williamstown in his honor.[8] [9] The Williams Free School opened on October 26, 1791, initially providing elementary and secondary education. On June 22, 1793, the Massachusetts General Court chartered it as Williams College, the state's second institution of higher learning after Harvard. The college admitted its first undergraduate class of 20 students on October 9, 1793, operating from the single structure of West College in the isolated Hoosac Valley, a location chosen for its alignment with the bequest but challenging due to remoteness and harsh winters.[10] [9] The inaugural commencement occurred on September 2, 1795, in the local town meeting house.[10] Early leadership emphasized classical liberal arts and religious instruction under Congregationalist auspices. Ebenezer Fitch served as the first president from 1793 to 1815, overseeing modest growth amid financial constraints and limited enrollment. Zephaniah Swift Moore assumed the presidency in 1815, promoting academic rigor but facing internal dissent over relocation proposals to more accessible eastern sites.[11] In July 1821, Moore resigned, departing with several faculty and about one-third of the students to establish Amherst College in central Massachusetts, a move backed by a faction of trustees seeking proximity to population centers; this schism strained Williams' resources but ultimately reinforced its commitment to remaining in Williamstown.[12] Edward Dorr Griffin led from 1821 to 1836, stabilizing operations through evangelical reforms and state appropriations totaling over $150,000 from Massachusetts between 1793 and 1870. Mark Hopkins succeeded in 1836, initiating a period of intellectual vitality that saw enrollment recover and the curriculum evolve toward scientific and moral philosophy emphases by mid-century.[11] [9]Expansion and Institutional Maturation (1850–1970)
Under the extended presidency of Mark Hopkins (1836–1872), Williams College transitioned from a precarious early institution to a stable center of classical education, emphasizing rigorous moral and intellectual philosophy taught through direct faculty-student engagement. Hopkins, a Williams alumnus of the class of 1824, personally instructed senior classes, fostering a model of personalized learning later immortalized by alumnus James A. Garfield's description of the ideal college as "Mark Hopkins on one end of a log and a student on the other."[13] This era saw the college withstand financial strains and enrollment dips, with approximately 170 students petitioning faculty decisions in 1868, indicative of a modest but dedicated body.[10] The Civil War profoundly impacted Williams, as undergraduates formed a battalion in 1861 and military drill became mandatory by 1863, with over 317 men from classes 1825–1870 enlisting in Union forces.[10] Athletic traditions emerged, including the first intercollegiate baseball game against Amherst College on July 1, 1859, which Williams lost 66–32. Infrastructure advanced modestly, with Jackson Hall dedicated in 1855 by the Lyceum of Natural History for scientific pursuits.[10][10] Succeeding Hopkins, Paul Ansel Chadbourne (1872–1881) infused the presidency with his background in natural sciences, though his tenure was marked by administrative turbulence leading to resignation amid faculty disputes. Franklin Carter (1881–1901), the institution's first scholar-president and a Williams alumnus, revitalized governance with scholarly rigor, expanding academic offerings and stabilizing operations through adept fundraising and curriculum refinement over two decades.[11][14] In the early 20th century, acting and short-term leaders like John Haskell Hewitt (1901–1902) and Henry Hopkins (1902–1908)—son of Mark Hopkins—bridged to Harry Augustus Garfield's transformative 1908–1946 tenure, during which Williams adapted to World War I and II demands, enhancing vocational training while preserving liberal arts core. Enrollment expanded steadily, reflecting broader national trends in higher education access; by 1950, the college conferred 328 bachelor's degrees at its first outdoor commencement.[11][10] Mid-century maturation included infrastructural growth, such as the 1920 cornerstone laying for Stetson Library, supporting burgeoning research needs. Social structures evolved with the 1962 Angevine Committee recommendation to phase out fraternities, culminating in their abolition to promote equity, amid rising scrutiny of selective organizations. The decade closed with the Board of Trustees approving coeducation on June 8, 1969, admitting women from fall 1971 and marking a pivotal shift toward inclusivity, though rooted in enrollment pressures and societal changes rather than ideological mandates.[10][10][10]Coeducation and Modern Transformations (1970–Present)
In June 1969, under President John E. Sawyer, the Williams College Board of Trustees voted to admit women as undergraduates, marking the culmination of internal debates accelerated by broader societal shifts toward gender integration in higher education.[15] The college had previously experimented with women's access, including exchange programs with nearby women's colleges, but full coeducation required overcoming resistance rooted in traditions of male-only education. In fall 1970, approximately 45 women transferred in as degree candidates, joined by about 50 exchange students, initiating the transition; the first entering class of women arrived in 1971, comprising a small cohort that grew enrollment and diversified campus life.[16] This shift increased total undergraduate numbers from around 1,200 in the late 1960s to over 2,000 by the 2020s, with women eventually forming roughly half of the student body.[17] Post-coeducation, Williams pursued racial and ethnic diversity amid activism from Black students in the late 1960s, who demanded institutional changes like dedicated support centers; this led to the establishment of the Minority Coalition and influenced recruitment efforts that raised the proportion of underrepresented minority students from negligible levels pre-1970 to about 43% by the 2020s.[18] In 1989, the faculty approved a diversity requirement for graduation, mandating courses addressing cultural pluralism, which evolved into the current Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion framework amid ongoing debates over its implementation.[19] Subsequent presidents, including John Chandler (1973–1985) and Francis Oakley (1985–1993), oversaw the phase-out of single-sex fraternities by the early 1990s, replacing them with a cluster-based residential system to foster mixed-gender and diverse living arrangements.[20] These changes coincided with curriculum expansions, such as the addition of interdisciplinary programs and the 2001 Unified Science Center, enhancing STEM facilities with $38 million in funding.[21] Financial aid innovations reflected modern adaptations to accessibility challenges; in 2008, Williams adopted a no-loan policy for aid recipients, eliminating debt for families earning under $100,000 annually, though it reverted to including loans in 2010 amid endowment fluctuations from the financial crisis.[22] Under Adam Falk (2009–2020) and Maud Mandel (2020–present), the college expanded administrative roles and campus infrastructure, with endowment growth surpassing $3 billion by 2020, enabling initiatives like increased faculty diversity pipelines despite critiques of bureaucratic expansion.[23] Recent enrollment data show slight increases in Black (7.3%) and Hispanic (15.5%) first-year shares post-2023 affirmative action rulings, underscoring reliance on holistic admissions amid legal shifts.[24] These transformations have positioned Williams as a selective liberal arts institution, though student-led pushes for affinity housing and race-specific programming highlight persistent tensions in balancing integration with identity-based supports.[25]Campus and Facilities
Location and Environmental Context
Williams College is located in Williamstown, a rural town in northwestern Berkshire County, Massachusetts, within the Berkshire Hills of the Appalachian Mountains. The campus encompasses 450 acres and lies approximately 135 miles northwest of Boston and 165 miles northeast of New York City.[1][2] The local geography includes rolling hills, dense forests, and valleys formed by rivers such as the Hoosic. Williamstown's population stood at 7,463 according to U.S. Census Bureau data. Forest communities in the area transition from oak-hickory at lower elevations to northern hardwoods at higher altitudes, supporting varied flora and fauna.[26][27] The region experiences a humid continental climate, with average annual temperatures of about 47°F, marked by cold winters with substantial snowfall and warm summers. This natural setting fosters opportunities for outdoor activities and environmental study, including the college's 2,600-acre Hopkins Memorial Forest, which extends across Massachusetts, New York, and Vermont for research, trails, and conservation of species of concern.[28][29]Architectural Development and Key Buildings
The architectural development of Williams College's campus in Williamstown, Massachusetts, commenced with the erection of West College in 1790, the institution's oldest extant structure, originally constructed as a free school and repurposed following the college's chartering in 1793.[30] [31] This Federal-style edifice initially housed dormitories, a dining hall, library, and chapel, exemplifying the modest, utilitarian design typical of early American collegiate buildings.[30] Subsequent expansions in the 19th century introduced specialized facilities, including the Hopkins Observatory, completed between 1836 and 1838 under the direction of Professor Albert Hopkins and student labor, marking it as the oldest surviving astronomical observatory in the United States.[32] [33] The structure, relocated in later years, originally featured equipment imported from England and reflects the era's emphasis on empirical science in liberal arts education.[32] By mid-century, Gothic Revival influences emerged prominently with Goodrich Hall, constructed in 1859 from rustic limestone to serve as a chapel, alumni hall, and classroom space, designed in a style that evoked ecclesiastical grandeur amid the Berkshires' landscape.[34] This period saw further diversification, including Morgan Hall in 1882, the first campus building connected to steam heating, signaling infrastructural modernization.[35] The early 20th century brought Thompson Memorial Chapel in 1905, a Perpendicular Gothic edifice designed by Francis R. Allen of Allen and Collens, featuring a tower modeled after St. Cuthbert's at Wells Cathedral and stone sourced from Georgetown, which earned a gold medal for design excellence.[36] [37] Later developments, such as the Greylock Quadrangle dormitories built in 1964–1965, addressed post-fraternity housing needs with functional mid-century designs, while contemporary projects like the 2024 Davis Center expansion incorporate sustainable elements such as charred-wood cladding to integrate with the historic core.[38] [39] Key buildings also encompass Griffin Hall, patterned after Charles Bulfinch's Federalist designs from Andover Theological Seminary, underscoring the campus's enduring classical roots.[40] The Williams College Museum of Art's forthcoming purpose-built facility, design unveiled in 2024 by architect SO-IL, represents ongoing evolution toward adaptive, forward-looking architecture that prioritizes collection display and environmental integration.[41]Governance and Administration
Board of Trustees and Decision-Making
The Board of Trustees of Williams College serves as the ultimate corporate and fiduciary authority, responsible for overseeing the institution's policies, programs, finances, and long-term strategic direction.[42] [43] The board's size ranges from 11 to 25 members, including the president as an ex officio voting member; as of recent listings, it comprises approximately 25 trustees plus the president.[44] [43] Trustees are divided into two classes: five alumni trustees, nominated by the Society of Alumni and elected by the board for non-renewable five-year terms, and term trustees, elected directly by the board for initial five-year terms renewable once for up to five additional years, with a maximum service of 10 years.[44] [43] The board chair, elected by the trustees upon nomination by the executive committee, serves a term of up to five years, with possible extensions limited to ensure total chair service does not exceed five years if the initial term was shorter.[43] In exercising its authority, the board appoints and evaluates the president, approves budgets, major capital projects, and endowment investment policies, and ensures compliance with legal and ethical standards.[42] [45] While the board holds final decision-making power, governance is structured as shared among three primary constituents: the trustees, the president (as chief executive), and the faculty (with primary responsibility for academic matters such as curriculum and degree requirements).[45] The president implements board directives, chairs faculty meetings, and delegates operational authority to senior staff, incorporating faculty input through committees like the Committee on Academic Policy.[45] Major board decisions require a quorum of a majority of trustees, with amendments to college laws or removal of trustees necessitating a three-quarters vote of those present.[43] The board operates through several standing committees, whose membership—always trustee-majority—is appointed annually by the president and board chair, to deliberate on specialized areas before full-board votes.[46] [43] Key committees include the Executive Committee (5-7 trustees plus the president and chair, empowered to act on routine matters between full meetings), Investment Committee (overseeing the endowment), Budget and Finance Committee (reviewing fiscal plans), and others such as Nominations, Governance, and Faculty and Instruction.[46] [43] The full board convenes formally four times annually—in October, January, April, and June— with special meetings possible as needed; post-meeting communications summarize discussions for transparency.[47] [45] This committee-driven process facilitates informed oversight while balancing the board's fiduciary duties with delegated academic autonomy to faculty.[45]Presidential Leadership
The president of Williams College serves as the chief executive officer, responsible for academic leadership, administrative oversight, and representing the institution externally. Since the college's chartering in 1793, 18 individuals have held the position full-time, with additional interim appointments during transitions.[48][11] Early presidents navigated the institution's formative years amid financial and enrollment challenges. Ebenezer Fitch, the first president, led from 1793 to 1815, establishing initial curricula focused on classical education.[11] Zephaniah Swift Moore, serving 1815 to 1821, resigned amid disputes over relocating the college to Amherst, which led to the founding of Amherst College.[11] Edward Dorr Griffin (1821–1836) stabilized operations before Mark Hopkins assumed office in 1836, holding it for 36 years until 1872 and embodying personalized liberal arts instruction—famously likened to a log with Hopkins at one end and a student at the other as the ideal college.[9] Subsequent leaders oversaw modernization and expansion. Paul A. Chadbourne (1872–1881) and Franklin Carter (1881–1901) advanced scientific studies and infrastructure.[11] Harry Augustus Garfield, president from 1901 to 1934, managed growth during World War I and the Great Depression, increasing enrollment and endowments while maintaining fiscal prudence. James Phinney Baxter III (1934–1963) presided over post-World War II expansion, including new facilities and faculty recruitment.[11] In the mid-20th century, John E. Sawyer (1963–1975) and John Chandler (1975–1985) addressed curricular reforms and coeducation's implementation in 1970, adapting to demographic shifts. Francis Oakley (1985–1999) emphasized interdisciplinary programs amid rising selectivity.[11] Recent presidents have focused on strategic planning and inclusivity amid external pressures. Morton Owen Schapiro (2000–2009) and Adam Falk (2010–2017) enhanced financial aid and global engagement, with Falk boosting the endowment through fundraising.[11][49] Interim leaders like Protik Majumder bridged transitions.[49] Maud S. Mandel, the 18th and current president since July 2018, is the first woman in the role. A historian by training, she has prioritized mission-aligned initiatives, including responses to federal policy changes on diversity efforts and endowment taxation, affirming commitment to core educational values over ideological mandates.[48][50][51]Academics
Curriculum Structure and Degree Programs
Williams College confers the Bachelor of Arts degree through an undergraduate liberal arts curriculum emphasizing breadth and depth across three academic divisions: Division I (languages and the arts), Division II (social sciences), and Division III (science and mathematics).[1] Students complete 32 units of study—equivalent to one full course per unit—with at least three units required in each division to promote interdisciplinary exposure without prescribed core courses.[52] Further mandates include proficiency in expository writing (typically via first-year seminars), quantitative reasoning (one designated course), and a foreign language (or demonstrated competence), alongside the Exploring Diversity Initiative requiring one course addressing U.S. racial or ethnic diversity and one on global or comparative perspectives.[53] The academic calendar comprises two 14-week semesters for conventional coursework, bookended by the distinctive Winter Study term each January, during which all students pursue one unit of experiential or exploratory activity, such as project-based seminars, off-campus internships, independent research, or skill-building workshops.[4] Winter Study fosters student initiative and flexibility, with certain offerings countable toward major, division, or other requirements, and participation across all four years essential for degree eligibility.[54] Depth is achieved through major declaration by the sophomore year's end, entailing at least nine units in the chosen field (frequently 10–11, plus potential Winter Study integration) and a minimum C average in major courses.[53] The college administers 37 majors spanning 26 departments and interdisciplinary programs, encompassing fields like economics, computer science, biology/biological sciences, mathematics, political science, English, history, psychology, and environmental studies, among others.[1] Formal minors are absent; instead, students may opt for concentrations—coherent clusters of 5–6 courses in thematic areas such as global studies or public health—to supplement their major.[52] Beyond undergraduate offerings, Williams provides two selective graduate programs: a two-year Master of Arts in the History of Art, partnered with the Clark Art Institute and integrating coursework, internships, and research; and a Master of Arts in Development Economics focused on applied economic analysis.[55] These programs remain limited in scale relative to the undergraduate focus, enrolling small cohorts annually.[56]Admissions Process and Selectivity
Williams College employs a holistic admissions process for first-year applicants, evaluating academic achievements alongside personal character, talents, interests, experiences, and potential contributions to the campus community.[57] Applicants may submit via the Common Application, Coalition Application with Scoir, or QuestBridge National College Match program.[58] Required materials include a high school transcript via the school report, one counselor recommendation, two teacher recommendations (preferably from core academic subjects), a mid-year report with updated grades, and a $65 application fee (waivable for demonstrated need).[58] Early Decision (ED), which is binding, requires an additional agreement form; Regular Decision (RD) applicants must reply by May 1 if admitted.[58] Deadlines are November 15 for ED I and RD notifications occur on April 1, with ED notifications by mid-December.[59] Interviews are not offered, either on or off campus, and demonstrated interest does not factor into decisions.[60] The college maintains a test-optional policy through at least the 2025-2026 admissions cycle, allowing applicants to choose whether to submit SAT or ACT scores, which are superscored if multiple submissions are provided.[58] Among enrollees who submitted scores for the fall 2023 entering class, the 25th-75th percentile SAT composite ranged from 1480 to 1550 (EBRW: 730-770; Math: 740-790), and ACT composite from 33 to 35; 42% submitted SAT scores and 18% ACT.[59] Optional supplements include an arts portfolio via SlideRoom, additional essays, and abstracts of scientific research.[58] Admission decisions prioritize rigor of secondary school record, class rank, GPA, recommendations, and character as very important factors; essays, extracurriculars, talent/ability, volunteer work, and first-generation status are important; test scores, legacy status, geographical residence, and religious commitment are considered but not decisive.[59] Selectivity has intensified in recent years, with overall acceptance rates declining amid rising applications. For the Class of 2029 (entering fall 2025), Williams admitted 1,313 of 15,225 applicants, yielding an 8.5% rate.[61] This followed a record-low 7.5% for the Class of 2028 (1,272 admitted from 15,411 applications).[1] Earlier data from the 2023-2024 Common Data Set reflect a 10% rate for 11,465 applicants to the fall 2023 cohort.[59] Yield rates remain high, with 541 enrollees from 1,145 admits in fall 2023 (47% yield).[59] Early Decision fills nearly half of each class, comprising 255 of 541 enrollees (47%) in fall 2023 from 943 ED applicants.[59][1] Among fall 2023 admits submitting class rank, 91.6% were in the top tenth of their high school class and 98.9% in the top quarter.[59]| Metric | Fall 2023 Enrollees (Submitters) |
|---|---|
| SAT Composite (25th-75th) | 1480-1550 |
| SAT EBRW (25th-75th) | 730-770 |
| SAT Math (25th-75th) | 740-790 |
| ACT Composite (25th-75th) | 33-35 |
Rankings, Reputation, and Academic Outcomes
Williams College consistently ranks among the top liberal arts institutions in the United States. In the 2026 U.S. News & World Report rankings, it holds the #1 position in National Liberal Arts Colleges, a status it has maintained for several consecutive years, based on factors including graduation rates, faculty resources, and alumni outcomes.[2] Forbes ranked it #7 overall among America's top colleges in 2026, the highest position for any liberal arts college on that list, evaluating metrics such as alumni salaries, debt levels, and return on investment.[62] Niche places it #8 among best liberal arts colleges in America for 2026, with top-10 rankings in specific fields like history and English.[63] The college's reputation stems from its rigorous academic environment, small class sizes, and emphasis on undergraduate teaching, fostering close faculty-student interactions in a residential setting.[64] Admissions selectivity underscores this prestige, with an acceptance rate of approximately 10% for the Class of 2028, drawing applicants with exceptional academic records.[63] While its remote location in Williamstown, Massachusetts, may limit broader national name recognition compared to larger universities, it is widely regarded as a peer to Ivy League schools in academic quality and alumni networks, particularly in finance, law, and academia.[65] Academic outcomes reflect strong preparation for professional and graduate pursuits. The six-year graduation rate stands at 96%, with 94% of students completing degrees within that timeframe.[66] Six months post-graduation, about 90% of students are employed, enrolled in graduate programs, or in fellowships/military service, based on self-reported data from recent classes.[67] Median earnings six years after graduation average $71,754, rising to around $73,600 after ten years, though early-career figures (one year out) are lower at $47,778, partly due to high rates of graduate school enrollment delaying full-time workforce entry.[2] [68] Alumni frequently secure positions at elite employers in consulting, technology, and public service, with notable representation in Rhodes and Fulbright scholarships.[67]Distinctive Pedagogical Innovations
Williams College employs the tutorial system, adapted from the Oxford University model, in select departments such as art history, English, philosophy, political science, and psychology, where courses enroll up to 10 students divided into pairs for weekly meetings with a professor.[69] In these sessions, one student in each pair submits a 5-7 page paper critiquing the previous week's material, followed by discussion and rebuttal from the partner, fostering active argumentation and deep engagement over passive lecturing.[3] This format, expanded in scope during the 1990s to include more disciplines, emphasizes student-driven analysis and has been credited with enhancing critical thinking, though participation remains optional and limited to upper-level courses in participating fields.[70] The college's Winter Study Program, conducted annually from early January to late January—such as January 5-29 in 2026—interrupts the standard fall-spring semesters to provide a single-month interterm dedicated to non-traditional learning.[71] Every student completes one approved activity, ranging from faculty-led courses and independent projects to off-campus internships or domestic/international travel programs, with no formal grading but a required evaluation to encourage exploration without academic pressure.[4] Introduced in the 1970s as part of the 4-1-4 calendar, it promotes individual initiative and interdisciplinary pursuits, such as community-engaged fieldwork or skill-building workshops, though faculty participation has declined over decades amid workload concerns.[72] Complementing these, the Experiential Education Initiative, launched in 2002, integrates hands-on learning into the core curriculum across departments, requiring many courses to incorporate community-based or applied projects to bridge theory and practice.[73] This approach, supported by centers like the Rice Center for Teaching, prioritizes undergraduate mentorship by faculty without graduate teaching assistants, maintaining an 6:1 student-faculty ratio that enables personalized instruction.[74]Student Life
Demographics and Campus Composition
Williams College maintains a primarily undergraduate enrollment of 2,101 students as of fall 2024, supplemented by a small graduate program of 49 students focused on advanced study in art history and related fields.[1] The institution operates as a residential liberal arts college, with 96% of undergraduates living on campus in dormitories, fraternity or sorority houses, or cooperative housing arrangements.[75] The undergraduate student body exhibits a gender distribution of 983 men (46.8%), 1,085 women (51.6%), and 33 students identifying as another gender (1.6%).[1] Approximately 9% of undergraduates are international students, drawn from over 50 countries.[1] Among U.S. students, 40% identify as minorities, a figure that aligns with admissions efforts to assemble a socioeconomically and racially diverse cohort, though post-2023 Supreme Court restrictions on race-based affirmative action have resulted in modest shifts, including slight increases in Black (from 6.8% to 7.3%) and Hispanic (from 14.8% to 15.5%) representation in the incoming class of 2028.[1][24] Detailed racial and ethnic composition for the 2023-2024 undergraduate cohort, reported per IPEDS guidelines (where Hispanic/Latino students are categorized separately and non-Hispanic students by race), is as follows:| Category | Number | Percentage |
|---|---|---|
| Hispanic/Latino | 361 | 17.2% |
| Black or African American | 142 | 6.8% |
| Asian | 352 | 16.8% |
| American Indian/Alaska Native | 2 | 0.1% |
| Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander | 0 | 0% |
| Two or more races | 210 | 10.0% |
| White | 1,213 | 57.9% |
| Race/ethnicity unknown | 99 | 4.7% |
| International | 216 | 10.3% |