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Cutter

Cutter may refer to:

Tools and implements

Manual cutting tools

Manual cutting tools encompass a range of handheld, non-powered implements designed for precise material division in domestic, professional, and industrial settings. These devices rely on mechanical advantage, such as levers or wheels, to facilitate cuts without electrical assistance, prioritizing portability and user control. Common examples include shears, knives, and scoring tools, each adapted to specific materials like metal, paper, glass, or dough. Bolt cutters are heavy-duty shears engineered for severing chains, bolts, rods, and similar ferrous materials up to certain thicknesses. They operate on lever principles, featuring long handles—typically 18 to 48 inches in length—that amplify applied force through a fulcrum, enabling clean cuts with minimal effort despite the material's hardness. The jaws, forged from hardened alloy steel, provide durability and precision, often with center-cut designs for 90-degree slicing of soft, medium, and hard metals.^[1]^[2] Box cutters, also known as utility knives, are versatile retractable-blade tools primarily used for opening packages, cutting cardboard, and light material trimming. Originating in the 19th century as fixed-blade field knives for outdoor tasks like butchering and wood preparation, they evolved into modern retractable designs by the early 20th century, with Stanley introducing a popular non-retractable model in 1936 and retractable versions following for enhanced safety. Key safety features include blade locks to prevent accidental extension and ergonomic handles with non-slip grips to reduce hand strain during prolonged use. Post-September 11, 2001, aviation regulations imposed by the Transportation Security Administration prohibited box cutters in carry-on luggage, reflecting heightened security standards that banned blades over certain lengths to mitigate hijacking risks.^[3]^[4]^[5] Glass cutters are specialized tools for dividing sheet glass, employing a wheel mechanism to score the surface before manual snapping. Equipped with diamond or carbide wheels, they create shallow micro-fractures along the intended line, allowing the glass to break cleanly when pressure is applied. Techniques vary: straight cuts benefit from ruler-guided scoring for uniformity, while curved cuts require freehand precision to follow contours without deviation. Pistol-grip models offer ergonomic advantages, providing better leverage and reduced wrist fatigue for extended or thick-glass work, often incorporating oil reservoirs for smoother wheel rotation.^[6] Cookie cutters are shaped stamps used in baking to portion dough into uniform forms, typically for cookies or pastries. Their origins trace to 19th-century American mass production, with tinsmith Charles Moritz patenting a tin design in 1875 that enabled consistent shapes during the Industrial Revolution, building on earlier European wooden molds from the 15th century. Traditional versions are crafted from metal like tin or aluminum for durability and clean edges, while modern iterations include plastic for affordability and silicone for flexibility, heat resistance, and non-stick release during dough handling.^[7] A notable example of manual cutting innovation is the pizza cutter, featuring a rotating wheel blade for efficient slicing of dough-based foods. The wheel design was patented in 1892 by American inventor David S. Morgan as a roller knife for trimming wallpaper, but its handheld, rolling mechanism quickly adapted to kitchen use for straight, effortless cuts through soft materials like pizza crust.^[8]

Power and machine cutters

Power and machine cutters encompass electrically powered or mechanized devices designed for heavy-duty cutting tasks, often in industrial, emergency, or precision applications, where manual tools fall short in force or efficiency. These tools leverage hydraulic, pneumatic, or rotational mechanisms to achieve high cutting forces and accuracy, enabling operations such as vehicle extrication, material removal in machining, and bulk paper processing. Unlike hand-operated cutters, they integrate power sources like electric motors or hydraulic pumps to amplify cutting capacity, with operational principles centered on controlled energy transfer to blades or teeth for clean, repeatable results. Hydraulic rescue cutters, commonly known as the Jaws of Life, are pneumatic- or more typically hydraulic-powered shears critical for vehicle extrication in emergencies. Developed in the 1960s by inventor George Hurst, the first model emerged in 1961 as a hydraulic spreader to free trapped race car drivers, evolving into versatile cutters with piston-driven blades that exert immense force on metal structures. Key components include high-pressure hydraulic pistons, which convert fluid energy into linear motion, and hardened steel blades optimized for shearing through vehicle frames without sparking. These tools achieve cutting forces up to approximately 60 tons (120,000 pounds), allowing rapid penetration of steel up to several inches thick, though performance varies by model and material. Hydraulic systems in these cutters operate at pressures ranging from 7,000 to 10,000 PSI, balancing energy efficiency with the need for compact, portable power units that minimize operator fatigue during prolonged rescues.^[9] In manufacturing, milling cutters represent a cornerstone of mechanized machining, functioning as rotating multi-toothed tools mounted on spindles to remove material from workpieces via high-speed abrasion. End mills, versatile for peripheral and slotting cuts, and slab mills, suited for flat surfacing on large surfaces, exemplify common types, with the former often used for profiling and the latter for broad planing operations. Cutter geometry plays a pivotal role in performance; helix angles, typically 30° to 45° for standard applications, facilitate efficient chip evacuation and reduce cutting forces by promoting smoother shearing action—higher angles like 45° enhance finish quality in finishing passes but may increase tool deflection in roughing. Coatings such as carbide-tipped variants extend tool life by resisting wear and heat, enabling sustained operation in high-volume production environments. Guillotine-style paper cutters, available in lever-operated or electric models, provide mechanized precision for cutting stacks of paper or cardstock, essential in printing and binding workflows. Electric variants use motorized clamps and blades to handle thicker stacks—up to hundreds of sheets—with consistent force, reducing manual effort compared to lever types. Safety features, including transparent guards, infrared sensors, and two-handed activation on modern electrics, prevent accidental engagement, addressing historical risks from unguarded designs. Blade sharpening, performed periodically with specialized grinders to maintain a beveled edge, ensures clean cuts without tearing; dull blades increase resistance and paper dust. These cutters trace their mechanized roots to the 19th century, with the guillotine principle patented in 1844 by French inventor Guillaume Massiquot for efficient printing house use, evolving from manual levers to powered systems by the early 20th century. Cigar cutters in powered or precision mechanized forms, such as spring-loaded guillotine or V-cut models, are engineered for tobacco preparation, delivering clean incisions to the cigar cap without crushing the wrapper. Guillotine styles employ dual stainless steel blades that slice straight across, while V-cut variants remove a wedge-shaped section for enhanced draw on irregularly shaped cigars, both accommodating gauges up to 60 ring size. Constructed from durable stainless steel for corrosion resistance and sharpness retention, these tools emphasize precision engineering, with honed blade angles and ergonomic handles to minimize wrapper damage and ensure an even burn. Though often manual, mechanized versions incorporate assisted closing mechanisms for consistent force application. The integration of computer numerical control (CNC) into cutters since the post-1980s era has revolutionized manufacturing by automating milling and routing operations, with microprocessors enabling precise path programming and multi-axis coordination for complex geometries. This evolution, accelerating in the 1980s with personal computer interfaces, shifted from manual setups to software-driven efficiency, reducing setup times by up to 50% in high-precision industries like aerospace. For hydraulic systems in rescue and industrial cutters, energy efficiency is gauged by operating pressures of 7,000 to 10,000 PSI, where optimized pumps and valves minimize fluid waste while delivering peak force, though battery-powered variants further enhance portability without sacrificing hydraulic output.

Transportation

Naval and maritime vessels

A cutter is a type of single-masted sailing vessel rigged fore-and-aft, designed for speed and maneuverability, which emerged in the mid-18th century within the British Royal Navy primarily for coastal patrol and anti-smuggling operations.^[10] These vessels typically measured 50 to 70 feet in length with a beam of around 19 to 20 feet, displacing 50 to 150 tons, and were armed with 10 to 14 light guns such as 3- or 4-pounders to pursue faster smuggling craft.^[11] Under favorable winds, cutters could achieve speeds of up to 10 to 12 knots, enabling effective interception duties along Britain's coasts.^[12] In the United States, the concept influenced the establishment of revenue cutters under the Tariff Act of August 4, 1790, which authorized the construction of 10 vessels to enforce customs laws and combat smuggling along American shores, forming the precursor to the U.S. Coast Guard.^[13] During the War of 1812, these cutters, averaging 125 tons and carrying 6 to 10 light guns with crews of 15 to 25, shifted from routine enforcement to active defense roles, protecting merchant shipping, seizing British privateers, and conducting combat patrols; notable examples include the cutters Surveyor and Eagle, which engaged enemy forces in Chesapeake Bay skirmishes.^[14] The revenue cutter Harriet Lane, a 674-ton steam-powered vessel launched in 1857, exemplified evolving capabilities during the Civil War, where it served in Union blockades, transported troops, and fired the first naval shot of the conflict at Fort Sumter in 1861 before being captured by Confederate forces in 1863.^[15] By the mid-19th century, the service transitioned from sail to steam propulsion, with Harriet Lane marking the first operational steam cutter, enhancing reliability for extended patrols and ice navigation in northern waters.^[16] Modern U.S. Coast Guard cutters represent a diverse, multi-mission fleet emphasizing maritime security, search-and-rescue (SAR), and law enforcement, with the Legend-class National Security Cutters (NSCs) as flagship vessels at 418 feet long, 4,500 tons displacement, and capable of 28-knot speeds over 12,000 nautical miles. These cutters feature icebreaking hulls for Arctic operations, advanced command, control, communications, computers, intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (C4ISR) systems, vertical takeoff/landing hangars for MH-65 helicopters, and armaments including a 57-mm Mk 110 deck gun, .50-caliber machine guns, and Mk 38 chain guns to support SAR, interdiction, and defense missions. As of January 2025, the Coast Guard operates a fleet of 241 cutters greater than 65 feet, spanning classes from 110-foot patrol boats to heavy icebreakers, enabling responses to humanitarian crises, drug interdiction, and environmental protection worldwide.^[17]

Land and air vehicles

Snow cutters, also known as rotary snowplows, are specialized rail-mounted vehicles designed to clear deep accumulations of snow from railroad tracks, preventing disruptions to train operations in snowy regions. These machines typically feature either wedge designs that push snow aside or rotary mechanisms with large, revolving blades that cut through packed snow and eject it via a blower. The rotary design, which revolutionized snow removal, originated in the late 19th century when Canadian inventor Orange Jull developed a steam-powered prototype tested successfully in 1883–1884, building on earlier concepts from J.W. Elliott in 1869.^[18] Early adoption by U.S. railroads included models from the New York Central & Hudson River Railroad, such as the X-659 rotary snowplow acquired in 1891 from the Rome, Watertown & Ogdensburg Railroad and used on multi-track lines between New York and Chicago.^[19] Wedge plows, simpler and less powerful, were common for lighter snow but proved inadequate for drifts exceeding several feet, leading to the preference for rotary cutters in harsh winter environments. Post-1920s advancements focused on enhancing mobility and power, with the development of self-propelled rotary snowplows incorporating diesel or electric drives to reduce reliance on pushing locomotives. For instance, by the mid-20th century, railroads like the Union Pacific deployed models with turbocharged diesel engines powering cutting wheels up to 12 feet in diameter, capable of clearing drifts over 20 feet deep without external propulsion.^[20] These self-propelled units improved efficiency in remote areas, allowing operators to maneuver independently and integrate features like adjustable chutes for directing snow away from tracks. Modern iterations maintain the core rotary principle but incorporate reinforced steel blades and hydraulic controls for safer, more precise operation on high-speed rail lines.^[18] In aerial applications, "cutter" designations are rare and often experimental, primarily involving rotary-wing aircraft adapted for foliage removal in challenging terrains. Helicopters equipped with aerial saw attachments, such as multi-blade systems powered by auxiliary engines, have been used since the 1980s to trim trees near power lines and infrastructure, where ground access is limited. These setups typically feature 25-inch carbide-tipped circular saws mounted on extendable booms, driven by 50-horsepower motors, enabling cuts up to 100 feet above ground while hovering.^[21] More recently, modern drone cutters have emerged for agricultural trimming, exemplified by the DeLeaves system from Outreach Robotics, a lightweight attachment for commercial UAVs like the DJI M350. This tool uses a brushless DC motor to sever branches up to 20 mm in diameter, facilitating remote canopy sampling for crop health analysis in precision agriculture, with adjustable arms extending 3–5 meters for targeted foliage collection.^[22] Road cutters are self-propelled vehicles mounting diamond-bladed saws for slicing asphalt and concrete during construction and maintenance, essential for creating expansion joints, trenches, and repairs in roadways. These machines employ segmented diamond blades for durability and precision, often with water-cooling systems to suppress dust and prevent blade overheating during prolonged cuts. Capacities vary by model, but heavy-duty units like the Husqvarna FS 7000 DL series achieve depths up to 25 inches with a 60-inch blade, suitable for deep infrastructure work on highways and runways.^[23] Integration of GPS technology in contemporary road cutters enhances accuracy for precision infrastructure projects, enabling automated guidance that reduces deviations to within millimeters and optimizes cut alignment over long distances.^[24] For example, hydrostatic transmissions allow variable speeds up to 80 feet per minute, while stainless steel water distributors ensure even cooling, minimizing thermal stress on materials like reinforced concrete.^[25]

People

Notable real individuals

Charles Ammi Cutter (March 14, 1837 – September 6, 1903) was an influential American librarian best known for developing the Cutter Expansive Classification system, a hierarchical library classification scheme designed as an alternative to the Dewey Decimal system, which he implemented at the Forbes Library in Northampton, Massachusetts, where he served as the first director from 1894 until his death.^[26]^[27] He also created the Cutter Tables (later adapted as Cutter-Sanborn tables), a method for generating alphanumeric codes to represent authors' names in library catalogs, facilitating efficient shelving and retrieval of materials.^[28] In his 1876 work Rules for a Printed Dictionary Catalogue, Cutter outlined foundational principles for library cataloging, including the "objects of the catalogue" such as enabling users to find books by author, title, or subject, and emphasizing "specific entry" (unique access points for each work) and the "relative index" (a subject guide linking terms to entries).^[29] These contributions shaped modern library science and remain in use today.^[30] Rev. Ammi Ruhamah Cutter (May 6, 1705 – March 1746) was an early colonial American clergyman who played a role in the religious and community life of North Yarmouth (now Yarmouth), Maine, where he served as pastor of the First Congregational Church from 1730 until his death.^[31] Born in Cambridge, Massachusetts, to William Cutter and Rebecca Rolfe, he graduated from Harvard College in 1725 and was ordained in 1729, contributing to the expansion of Puritan settlements in the Province of Massachusetts Bay during the early 18th century.^[32]^[33] His ministry focused on establishing religious institutions in frontier areas, reflecting the broader colonial efforts to organize communities amid tensions with Native American tribes and French colonial forces.^[34] Stephanie Cutter (born August 15, 1969) is a prominent American political strategist and communications expert who served as Deputy Campaign Manager for Barack Obama's 2012 presidential reelection campaign, overseeing message strategy, policy, research, and digital operations that helped secure a decisive victory.^[35] From 2009 to 2011, she held the position of Assistant to the President and Deputy Senior Advisor in the Obama White House, advising on communications and public engagement.^[36] In 2013, she co-founded Precision Strategies, a global strategic communications firm that integrates data, digital, and campaign tactics for corporate and political clients, where she serves as managing partner.^[36] Christina "Kiki" Cutter (born July 24, 1949) is a pioneering American alpine skier who became the first U.S. athlete to win a World Cup event, taking the slalom gold in Oslo, Norway, on February 26, 1968, at age 18.^[37] She competed in the 1968 Grenoble Winter Olympics, representing the United States in downhill, slalom, and giant slalom, and achieved four additional World Cup podium finishes between 1967 and 1970, establishing herself as a trailblazer for American women in the sport.^[38] Raised in Bend, Oregon, and Aspen, Colorado, Cutter's successes highlighted the growth of U.S. alpine skiing during the late 1960s.^[39] Cutter Gauthier (born January 19, 2004) is an American professional ice hockey left winger for the Anaheim Ducks of the National Hockey League (NHL), selected fifth overall by the Philadelphia Flyers in the 2022 NHL Entry Draft before being traded to the Ducks in January 2024.^[40] In his first full NHL season (2024-25), Gauthier scored 20 goals and added 24 assists for 44 points in 82 games, marking a strong debut that showcased his offensive efficiency and physical play.^[40] He contributed to the United States' gold medal at the 2024 IIHF World Junior Championship, recording 2 goals and 10 assists in 7 games.^[40] As of November 19, 2025, in the early 2025-26 season, Gauthier has 12 goals and 10 assists in 17 games.^[41]

Fictional characters

In the fantasy comic series ElfQuest, created by Wendy and Richard Pini and first published in 1978, Cutter serves as the central protagonist and eleventh chief of the Wolfriders, a nomadic tribe of elves who form deep psychic bonds with wolves.^[42] As a young leader who ascends to chieftaincy after the death of his parents, Cutter embodies decisive leadership, often cutting to the heart of conflicts with his swordsmanship and empathetic insight into his people's needs.^[42] His character arc highlights themes of adaptation and tradition, evolving from an idealistic youth to a conservative guardian of Wolfrider culture while maintaining lifelong bonds with wolf companions such as Nightrunner and Warfrost, which provide emotional support and aid in battles against external threats.^[42] In DC Comics, Cutter Sharp (also known as Wendell Sharpe) appears as a supporting character in the Supergirl series, debuting in Supergirl vol. 4 #1 in 1996 as a former reporter turned publicist and close ally to the heroine Linda Danvers (Supergirl).^[43] Unlike many adversaries in the Superman family of titles, Sharp lacks superhuman abilities, instead contributing through journalistic savvy and personal connections, including his past marriage to the shape-shifting character Comet. His role underscores themes of human resilience amid superhuman conflicts, often aiding Supergirl in navigating media scrutiny and personal crises.^[43] Mary Cutter is a minor but poignant figure in the Halo universe, depicted in expanded lore as the wife of UNSC Captain James Gregory Cutter and mother to their daughter, residing on the colony world of Reach during the Human-Covenant War.^[44] Affiliated with the United Nations Space Command (UNSC) through her marriage, her backstory emphasizes the personal toll of military service, as she and her child remain behind while Captain Cutter commands the colony ship UNSC Spirit of Fire in operations against the Covenant in 2531.^[44] A notable anecdote portrays her fiercely defending her husband's loyalty amid rumors of the ship's disappearance, physically confronting a reporter who suggested defection to Insurrectionist forces, highlighting the emotional strain on military families in the franchise's narrative.^[44] Within the Warhammer 40,000 tabletop game's Necromunda setting, Cutters represent elite melee specialists in the Corpse Grinder Cults, chaotic cannibalistic gangs devoted to the blood god Khorne and introduced in lore expansions around 2019–2020.^[45] Positioned as the cult's equivalent of champion fighters, Cutters enforce hierarchy below the Butchers (leaders) and above Skinners (enforcers), wielding looted chain weapons and rotary saws in brutal underhive combats on the hive world of Necromunda.^[45] Their role amplifies the cults' themes of savage devotion and close-quarters carnage, making them formidable in gang warfare scenarios where raw ferocity overwhelms ranged foes.^[45] In the Forgotten Realms campaign setting for Dungeons & Dragons, Cutter—originally named Ravendas—is a ruthless human agent of the Zhentarim, a shadowy mercenary network, who briefly seizes tyrannical control of the city of Iriaebor around 1362 DR.^[46] Trained in martial prowess in Baldur's Gate and rising swiftly through Zhentarim ranks after joining circa 1355 DR, she conquers Iriaebor to dominate trade routes along the Trade Way, looting the city and uncovering ancient threats like the crypt of the Shadowking.^[46] Her character exemplifies the Zhentarim's manipulative ambition, marked by betrayal—such as slaying her own sister during a mission—and opposition from heroes like the Fellowship of the Dreaming Dragon, ultimately leading to her downfall amid the organization's internal power struggles.^[46]

Organizations and companies

Manufacturing and tool companies

The Star Cutter Company, headquartered in Farmington Hills, Michigan, was founded in 1927 by Howard B. Lawton and Frank Burgess in Detroit.^[47] It specializes in the production of solid carbide cutting tools, carbide blanks and preforms, gundrills, and 5-axis CNC tool and cutter grinding machines, serving industries such as aerospace, automotive, and medical.^[48] The company operates six manufacturing facilities across Michigan, each focused on specific product lines or services, enabling efficient production and customization.^[49] Notable innovations include the Star NXT CNC 5-axis grinding system, which accommodates a wide range of tool diameters through its large grind zone and advanced software integration.^[50] In recent expansions, Star Cutter acquired the TRU TECH grinding technologies line in late 2023 and introduced the compact FLX tool grinder in 2024, enhancing flexibility for high-volume and custom carbide tool manufacturing.^[51]^[52] Scientific Cutting Tools (SCT), a family-owned U.S. manufacturer based in Simi Valley, California, was established in 1963 and focuses on precision carbide cutting tools for demanding applications.^[53] The company produces thread mills for internal and external threading in styles such as UN, UNJ, Metric, Pipe, and ACME, as well as port tools engineered for aerospace, defense, hydraulic, and fluid power systems.^[54]^[55] SCT offers custom and modified carbide solutions, including single-point threading, milling, and port contouring tools tailored to client specifications, with full U.S.-based manufacturing to ensure compliance with industry standards like AS1300 and AS4201.^[56] To support efficient programming, SCT provides the Thread Mill Code Generator, an online tool updated in its 2024 catalog that produces G-code for helical interpolation on Fanuc-compatible controls, simplifying thread mill selection and setup for both ID and OD applications.^[57]^[58] ARCH Cutting Tools, an American manufacturer founded in 2011 and based in Warren, Michigan, with roots tracing back to 1941 through acquired brands such as KEO Cutters, designs and produces standard and custom solid round and indexable cutting tools for metal removal operations.^[59] Its product portfolio includes over 27,000 standard items, with emphasis on high-performance drilling tools such as solid carbide drills, indexable drills, spotting drills, and center drills, alongside milling solutions like carbide end mills, ball end mills, and tapered rib cutters.^[60]^[61] ARCH prioritizes rapid prototyping and production, capable of shipping most custom solid carbide round tools in five days or less, while supporting complex multi-feature tooling with advanced geometries and coatings for industries including aerospace and automotive.^[62] In recent years, ARCH has expanded through acquisitions, including O-D Tool & Cutter in July 2024 for CNC grinding services and VR Wesson for inserts and milling cutters.^[63]^[64] The company maintains rigorous quality through in-house engineering and maintains adherence to workpiece material standards across ISO classes.^[65]

Apparel and other companies

Cutter & Buck is a sportswear brand specializing in apparel for golf, outdoor activities, and casual wear, founded in 1989 in Seattle, Washington.^[66] The company was acquired by Sweden-based New Wave Group AB in 2007 for $156.5 million, becoming a subsidiary focused on high-quality, versatile garments emphasizing comfort and performance.^[67] Its product line includes polos, shirts, jackets, and pants made from breathable, moisture-wicking fabrics such as DryTec polyester blends, which help manage perspiration during active use.^[68] Cutter & Buck has expanded into fan gear and work-to-weekend attire, distributed globally through retailers and its e-commerce platform.^[69] In line with environmental goals, Cutter & Buck launched the "Toward Ever Better" initiative in 2022, committing to 90% sustainable products by 2025, incorporating recycled materials like polyester from plastic bottles in items such as outerwear and knits.^[70] This includes certifications from Global Recycled Standard for fabrics in eco-conscious lines, reducing reliance on virgin materials while maintaining performance features like UV protection and stretch.^[71] USCutter, established in 2005 and headquartered in Seattle, Washington, operates as a leading e-commerce supplier of equipment and supplies for sign-making and custom apparel decoration.^[72] The company provides vinyl cutters, heat presses, printers, and materials like heat transfer vinyl, targeting hobbyists, small businesses, and professionals with an emphasis on affordable, high-quality tools and global shipping options.^[73] Its business model relies on direct online sales, offering bundles for applications such as decals, window graphics, and garment customization, with free shipping on orders over $200 in the U.S.^[74] A flagship product is the MH series of vinyl cutters, including the 34-inch MH 871 and MH100 models, which feature stepper motors for precise cutting of adhesive vinyl up to 750 grams of pressure and include VinylMaster software for design and contour cutting.^[75] In 2024, USCutter updated the MH series with enhancements like improved blade holders and compatibility for wider media, making the 34-inch variants suitable for medium-scale signage production while maintaining entry-level pricing.^[76] These models support workflows in heat transfer applications when paired with USCutter's presses, contributing to the company's reputation for accessible equipment in the custom fabrication sector.^[77]

Entertainment

Film, television, and media

The Cutter is a 2005 American direct-to-video action thriller film directed by William Tannen, starring Chuck Norris as private investigator John "Shep" Shepherd, who investigates the kidnapping of an elderly diamond cutter named Zeev (played by Bernie Kopell).^[78] The plot revolves around Shepherd's pursuit of a gang involved in artifact and diamond theft, uncovering a connection to the Holocaust through the victim's past, with supporting roles by Joanna Pacuła as Elizabeth Teller and Daniel Bernhardt as the antagonist Paulie.^[79] The film received mixed reviews, praised for its action sequences but criticized for predictable plotting and low production values, holding a 24% approval rating on Rotten Tomatoes based on 45 reviews.^[79] In television, Primeval (2007–2011) is a British science fiction drama series that prominently features Professor Nick Cutter (portrayed by Douglas Henshall), a paleontologist leading a team combating time anomalies that release prehistoric creatures into the present day.^[80] The show, which aired for five seasons on ITV, centers on Cutter's expertise in evolutionary biology and his personal struggles, including the loss of colleague Claudia Brown, blending adventure with themes of extinction and environmental peril.^[81] It was well-received for its special effects and creature designs, earning a 7.2/10 rating on IMDb from over 16,000 users, though later seasons faced criticism for plot inconsistencies following Cutter's departure after series three.^[80] Rebecca Perry Cutter serves as the creator, writer, and executive producer of Hightown (2020–2023), a Starz crime drama series exploring the opioid crisis and human trafficking on Cape Cod, Massachusetts.^[82] Inspired by her experiences as a former Assistant U.S. Attorney, Cutter developed the show to highlight real-world issues like addiction and sex work, with the series starring Monica Raymund as a National Marine Fisheries Service agent uncovering murders. Hightown ran for three seasons, garnering praise for its authentic portrayal of New England coastal life and social commentary, achieving a 6.5/10 IMDb rating from over 2,500 users and critical acclaim for its ensemble cast and writing.^[83] In the Halo franchise, Captain James Cutter, commander of the UNSC Spirit of Fire, appears in media adaptations tied to the video games, notably in live-action promotional trailers for Halo Wars 2 (2017), where actor Gideon Emery portrays him strategizing against the Banished forces.^[84] While the Paramount+ Halo television series (2022–2024) adapts core elements of the universe, Cutter has not been featured in its episodes, remaining primarily a game character from Halo Wars (2009) and its sequel.^[85] These trailers emphasize Cutter's leadership and tactical decisions, contributing to the franchise's broader multimedia presence.^[86]

Literature, music, and games

In the fantasy literature genre, Cutter serves as the central protagonist in the ElfQuest comic series, created by Wendy and Richard Pini and first published in 1978 by WaRP Graphics. As the young chief of the Wolfriders—a tribe of nomadic elves bonded with wolves—Cutter leads his people through a perilous quest for survival after their forest home is destroyed by humans, exploring themes of cultural clash, identity, and communal resilience in a hostile world. The series, which spans over 40 years and multiple volumes, emphasizes tribal dynamics and environmental adaptation, with Cutter's leadership tested by encounters with diverse elven societies and ancient magics. A notable nonfiction work featuring the name is Earthly Materials: Journeys Through Our Bodies' Emissions, Excretions, and Disintegrations by Cutter Wood, published in 2025 by Mariner Books. The book examines the biological and cultural significance of human bodily outputs, such as breath, urine, and tears, framing them as essential "earthly" connections between the body and the natural world, with undertones of environmental interconnectedness through cycles of decay and renewal. Structured in twelve chapters, each dedicated to a specific emission, Wood blends scientific history and personal reflection to highlight how these materials underscore humanity's material ties to the planet.^[87] In music, "The Cutter" is a prominent rock song by Echo & the Bunnymen, released in 1983 as the second single from their album Porcupine on Korova Records. The track's lyrics, penned by Ian McCulloch, metaphorically evoke a disruptive force slicing through deception and conformity, with lines like "Who waits at the river when the dead start to sing?" symbolizing existential awakening amid post-punk introspection. Its driving bassline and atmospheric production exemplify the band's new wave style, influencing rock's exploration of psychological fragmentation. Video games prominently feature Cutter as Captain James Gregory Cutter in Halo Wars (2009), developed by Ensemble Studios and published by Microsoft Game Studios. As the commanding officer of the UNSC ship Spirit of Fire, Cutter directs real-time strategy operations against the Covenant, with gameplay mechanics centered on orbital support calls, troop deployments, and resource management that reflect his tactical acumen in the storyline's interstellar conflict. His character arc emphasizes strategic sacrifice and human perseverance, integral to the campaign's narrative of defending humanity's remnants. In Halo Wars 2 (2017), Cutter returns as a playable leader, enhancing command with abilities like rapid infantry reinforcements and Spartan deployments, reinforcing his role in multiplayer battles.^[85] Within Warhammer 40,000 lore, "the Cutter" refers to a chain axe wielded by Khârn during the Great Crusade, as detailed in Horus Heresy publications. This weapon symbolizes the brutal melee dominance favored by the World Eaters legion in the grimdark universe, underscoring themes of unending war and technological savagery.^[88]

Sports and recreation

Baseball and pitching

The cutter, short for cut fastball, is a specialized pitching offering in baseball that functions as a fastball variant, characterized by its late, sharp horizontal break toward the pitcher's glove side, making it difficult for batters to square up. This movement arises from a grip where the index and middle fingers are placed close together across the top of the baseball's seams, with the middle finger offset slightly toward the pinky side to introduce subtle sidespin alongside predominant backspin.^[89] Pitchers execute the cutter using fastball arm mechanics, incorporating forearm pronation— a twisting motion at release— to generate the desired lateral deviation, typically 8-12 inches more than a straight fastball.^[89] Velocities generally range from 88 to 95 mph, about 2-5 mph slower than a four-seam fastball, allowing it to tunnel effectively with other fastballs before breaking late in its trajectory.^[89] The physics of the cutter's movement stem from the Magnus effect, where the ball's spin creates aerodynamic forces that cause it to veer glove-side; effective cutters maintain spin rates of 2,200-2,600 RPM with spin efficiencies around 45-65%, blending backspin for ride with gyroscopic tilt for cut.^[90] This spin profile, lower than a four-seam fastball's but higher than a slider's, produces a "shooting" or diving action that stays in the strike zone longer than traditional breaking balls, reducing hard contact.^[89] Historically, the cutter gained prominence in the 1990s through New York Yankees reliever Mariano Rivera, who developed it accidentally in 1997 during an informal catch session when a standard fastball unexpectedly broke late toward the glove side.^[91] Prior to this, Rivera relied on a four-seam fastball and slider, but after refining the cutter's command with coaching input—emphasizing pronation without altering his arm slot—he made it his primary weapon, throwing it over 85% of the time from the late 1990s through his 2013 retirement.^[91] Rivera's cutter propelled him to unparalleled success as a closer, culminating in 652 career saves—the most in Major League Baseball history—and a 2.21 ERA over 1,283 appearances.^[92] In the modern era, pitchers like Kenley Jansen have carried forward the cutter's legacy, with Jansen deploying it as his dominant pitch at an 81.6% usage rate in 2025, averaging 92.8 mph and 2,601 RPM to secure high-leverage outs.^[93] The pitch's evolution accelerated after Major League Baseball's June 2021 enforcement of rules prohibiting foreign substances like rosin mixtures or Spider Tack, which pitchers had used to boost grip and spin; post-ban, league-wide spin rates on fastball variants including cutters declined by 200-300 RPM on average, prompting adjustments in grip pressure and pronation to maintain movement without aids.^[94]^[95] This shift reinforced the cutter's reliance on natural mechanics, with users like Jansen adapting by fine-tuning finger placement for consistent break amid reduced overall grip enhancement.^[94]

Equipment and other activities

Cutters Sports, founded in 1997 by former University of Ottawa wide receiver Jeff Beraznik in Canada, specializes in football receiver gloves featuring proprietary C-TACK® grip technology for enhanced stickiness and control during catches.^[96] The brand originated from Beraznik's modifications to industrial glass-cutter gloves to address his own hand injury, leading to durable, self-restoring performance grips that maintain effectiveness after repeated use and washing.^[97] Popular models, such as the Rev Pro 6.0, incorporate lightweight structures with improved breathability and stability, while 2024 updates to the Rev X series emphasized enhanced durability through reinforced materials to withstand intense gameplay and training.^[98] These gloves have gained prominence in the NFL, with endorsements from wide receivers including Marvin Harrison Jr., who serves as a global brand ambassador, and Julian Edelman, who credited them for key performances like Super Bowl LI.^[99]^[100] In sports like soccer and basketball, cutting maneuvers refer to rapid, agile changes in direction that allow players to evade opponents or navigate the court or field efficiently.^[101] These movements, often involving sidestep or 90-degree turns, demand precise lower-body coordination but pose risks for non-contact injuries, particularly to the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL).^[102] Training drills focused on cutting, such as agility ladder progressions, cone shuttles, and FIFA 11+ protocols integrated with change-of-direction exercises, aim to improve neuromuscular control and reduce injury incidence by promoting proper landing mechanics and balance.^[103] Recent 2025 research underscores the biomechanical aspects of these maneuvers, highlighting knee valgus angles—where the knee collapses inward—as a key predictor of ACL strain during sidestep cuts in basketball and soccer. Studies show that targeted warm-up programs can significantly decrease valgus moments and abduction positions, lowering injury risk by up to 25% through enhanced alignment and strength in the lower extremities.^[104]^[105] For instance, integrated training interventions have demonstrated reductions in knee valgus during cutting tasks, emphasizing the value of sport-specific drills for prevention in high-risk populations like female basketball players.^[106]

Other uses

Library and information science

In library and information science, the Cutter tables, also known as Cutter numbers or book numbers, are an alphabetic-numeric system designed for arranging library materials on shelves after classification by subject. Developed by Charles Ammi Cutter in the late 19th century, specifically with the two-figure author table introduced between 1891 and 1893 and expanded to three figures by the early 1900s, the tables convert author names, titles, or subjects into compact codes to ensure unique and sequential ordering within a class.^[107]^[108] The system begins with the first letter of the main entry (typically the author's surname), followed by numbers assigned based on subsequent letters, treating the result as a decimal for expansion (e.g., .S5 for "Smith" or .A14 for titles starting with "A" followed by a numeral).^[109] Cutter's methodology emphasized practical cataloging rules outlined in his seminal work Rules for a Dictionary Catalogue (first edition 1876, third edition 1891), which specified the main entry under the author's name for personal authorship and under the first subject word for anonymous works, while advocating added entries for secondary access points like joint authors, titles, or subjects to enhance findability.^[110]^[107] This approach supported Cutter's broader objectives for catalogs: enabling users to find items by author, title, or subject; showing relations between works; and facilitating reference work through cross-references.^[29] The tables themselves, first published as C. A. Cutter's Alfabetic-Order Table in 1896, provided a standardized way to generate these codes, with revisions like the Cutter-Sanborn three-figure table emerging in the mid-20th century for greater precision.^[111]^[107] Complementing the tables, Cutter's Expansive Classification system (initiated in 1880 and published in parts from 1891 to 1904) served as an early subject-based shelving framework, influenced by Melvil Dewey's Decimal Classification (first published in 1876) and using expandable alphanumeric notations for disciplines, with built-in provisions for chronology and geography.^[26]^[112] Unlike purely numeric systems, it allowed libraries to adapt detail levels—from broad outlines for small collections to granular subdivisions for larger ones—organizing materials by topics such as history (e.g., assigning codes for eras) before applying Cutter numbers for authors.^[26] This subject-oriented shelving prioritized intellectual access, grouping related works to support scholarly exploration, though it saw limited adoption beyond Cutter's own Forbes Library due to the rise of Dewey and Library of Congress systems.^[27] In contemporary library practice, Cutter tables remain integral to digital cataloging, particularly in MARC records where they populate the 050 field for Library of Congress call numbers or the 090 field for local use, ensuring consistent machine-readable encoding of shelf locations.^[113] Modern library software, such as OCLC's Dewey Cutter Program (updated through the 2020s), automates Cutter generation from author names or titles, integrating with MARC 21 standards to support automated shelflisting and discovery in integrated library systems.^[114] This adaptation maintains Cutter's legacy by enabling efficient arrangement in hybrid physical-digital environments, with tools adjusting for filing rules to avoid conflicts in large databases.^[107]

Technical and miscellaneous terms

Nautically, "cutter" refers to a swift, single-masted sailing yacht with a fore-and-aft rig and two headsails, optimized for speed and maneuverability in racing or coastal cruising, a design dating back to the 18th century but still used in modern recreational boating. The term "cookie-cutter" describes standardized, repetitive architectural designs, particularly in post-World War II suburban tract housing in the United States, where mass-produced homes were criticized for lacking individuality and contributing to urban sprawl; this idiom emerged in the 1950s amid critiques of developments like Levittown.

References

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Charles Ammi Cutter - Forbes Library
Charles Ammi Cutter, the first director of the Forbes. Cutter's greater claim to fame, however, is his invention of the Expansive Classification scheme.
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DEATH LIST OF A DAY.; Charles Ammi Cutter. - The New York Times
Charles Ammi Cutter, who was librarian of the Forbes Library, at Northampton, Mass., died suddenly on Sunday, Sept. 6, at Walpole, N. H., while on a driving ...
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Charles Ammi Cutter - Boston Athenaeum
Charles Ammi Cutter (1837-1903) was Librarian of the Boston Athenæum from 1868 until 1892. His lifelong objective was the development of a classification ...
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Bolt Cutters
**Summary of Bolt Cutters from Klein Tools:**
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https://www.tsa.gov/travel/security-screening/whatcanibring/items/box-cutters
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https://www.swartglass.com/hand-tools-for-cutting-glass
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TSA Timeline: How Travel And Airport Security Changed After 9/11
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Box Cutters | Transportation Security Administration
### Summary of Box Cutters Regulations and Safety Standards in Aviation
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The History of The Humble but Essential Cookie Cutter - Cookist
Cookie cutters have a history that stretches back far beyond the American kitchen. In fact, their roots can be traced to ancient times. While early forms of ...
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US482830A - Roller-knife for trimming wall-paper - Google Patents
ROLLER KNIFE FOR TRIMMING WALL PAPER. No. 482,830. Patented Sept. 20, 1892. ... UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE. DAVID S. MORGAN, OF ASHEVILLE, NORTH CAROLINA. ROLLER ...
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Cutters and Frigates - National Maritime Historical Society
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Speed in 18th century (merchant, cutter, East Indiaman, naval brig)
Feb 21, 2021 · A ship-of-the-line could make about 12 knots, a frigate 14 knots at most (top speed). Averages would be between 5 and 8 knots approx.
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Harriet Rebecca Lane was the niece and official hostess of President James Buchanan. Builder: William Webb, New York. Launched: 19 November 1857.
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Road Sawing: Essential Equipment for Concrete & Asphalt Cutting
Rating 5.0 (146) · Free 14-day returnsAutomation is rising, with GPS-guided saws improving cut accuracy by 90%. Wet-cutting systems now represent 65% of new installations, minimizing dust pollution.
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MK-20 Gas Series Self-Propelled Concrete Saws
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Cutter Classification - Forbes Library
The Cutter Classification is a library system by Charles Ammi Cutter that assigns numbers to subjects, with Forbes Library using the Seventh Classification.
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Catalog Record: Explanation of the Cutter author-marks :...
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Mar 23, 2020 · The first object (or Objective) is to be able to find a resource if the name of the creator, or the title, or the subject of the resource is known.
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[PDF] The Contracting World of Cutter's Expansive Classification
Library pioneer Charles Ammi Cutter (1837–1903) has cast a long shadow on the field of cataloging and classification.1 Born in Boston, Massachusetts,.<|control11|><|separator|>
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GENEALOGICAL AND FAMILY HISTORY OF THE STATE OF MAINE
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Reverend Ammi Ruhamah Cutter, Captain (1705 - 1746) - Geni
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Stephanie Cutter | whitehouse.gov - Obama White House Archives
Nov 8, 2011 · Stephanie Cutter was Assistant to the President and Deputy Senior Advisor. In this role, Cutter advised the President on message and communications.Missing: consultant biography<|control11|><|separator|>
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Stephanie Cutter - Precision Strategies
She served as a Senior Advisor to President Obama for message strategy and was Deputy Campaign Manager for his 2012 re-election campaign, a game changer that ...
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Biography. From 1967-69 Kiki Cutter was America's greatest World Cup skier. In 1968 she won a slalom in Oslo, becoming the first American to win a World Cup ...
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Gauthier was traded to the Anaheim Ducks by the Philadelphia Flyers on Jan. 8, 2024, for Jamie Drysdale and a second-round pick in the 2025 NHL Draft.
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Cutter Gauthier - Stats, Contract, Salary & More - Elite Prospects
He's so good defensively, using his body well along the boards and in corners to win puck battles and move up ice. Offensively, he's incredibly efficient.
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Cutter Gauthier - Anaheim Ducks Left Wing - ESPN
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Cutter - ElfQuest
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Cutter Sharp (Character) - Comic Vine
Mar 25, 2019 · Close friend of and publicist to Supergirl. Ex-husband to Comet.
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Corpse Grinder Cult - Warhammer 40k - Lexicanum
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Cutter (person)
### Summary of Cutter, Zhentarim Agent
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Star Cutter Company was founded in 1927 by Howard B. Lawton and Frank Burgess and began in a leased portion of a building on Epworth Boulevard in Detroit, ...
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Star Cutter - Star-SU World leader in the cutting tool industry.
Star Cutter specializes in producing solid carbide cutting tools, carbide blanks and preforms, gundrills, and 5-axis CNC tool and cutter grinding machines.
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Star Cutter Company – Superior Cutting Tools and Grinding Machines
Each of our six manufacturing facilities specializes in producing a specific type of product or service: solid carbide cutting tools, carbide blanks and ...Contact Us · Tool Grinding Machines · Round Tools · Carbide & Materials Tech
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Tool Grinding Machines - Star Cutter Company
The Star NXT CNC 5-axis tool and cutter grinding system provides a large grind zone that enables manufacturers to run both small and large diameter tools, ...
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Precision Grinder with Advanced Capabilities - Manufacturing News
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Star Cutter Co. Boosts Tool Grinder Feature Customizability
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About SCT — Scientific Cutting Tools, Inc.
SCT is a family-owned, US-based company founded in 1963, making carbide cutting tools for various industries, with 100% US manufacturing.
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Premium Thread Mills for Internal & External Threads
At Scientific Cutting Tools, we design thread mills that help you cut with confidence. Choose from five standard thread styles—UN, UNJ, Metric, Pipe, and ACME— ...
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Port Tools for Aerospace, Hydraulic & Fluid Systems
Scientific Cutting Tools offers a comprehensive line of precision port tools engineered for aerospace, defense, hydraulic, and fluid power applications.
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They offer custom single point, thread, milling, and port tools, and modify standard tools like thread mills and port tools.
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ARCH Cutting Tools
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ARCH Cutting Tools - Manufacturing Technology Series
ARCH Cutting Tools is an American manufacturer of standard and custom solid round and indexable cutting tools. Our standard line consists of 27,000+ solid ...
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Highly Engineered Custom Tooling · Complex Round Tools · Multi-Pocketed Indexable Tooling · Multi-Feature & Multi-Function Tooling · Polycrystalline Diamond (PCD) ...Missing: ISO- certified
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Indexable and Solid Carbide Round Tools with Advanced Geometries and Coatings ... Wide range of drill diameters and lengths excel in all ISO class workpiece ...Missing: certified | Show results with:certified
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Cutter & Buck: Work-to-Weekend Sportswear, Golf Apparel & Fan Gear
Free delivery over $100 Free 60-day returnsThoughtful details like moisture-wicking technology, stretch performance, and UV protection are woven into elevated silhouettes that reflect Cutter & Buck's ...Shop men's apparel · Men's Golf · Shop women's apparel · Button Down Shirts
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USCutter Sign Making and Custom Apparel Equipment and Supplies
4.4 278 · Free delivery over $200 · 30-day returnsUSCutter is the leading supplier of low cost, high quality sign making and customer apparel equipment and suppliers. Vinyl cutters, heat presses, printers, ...Brands · Equipment · USCutter Vinyl Cutters and... · Heat Transfer VinylMissing: founded 2005 e-
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Shipping - USCutter Inc.
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USCutter 34″ MH Vinyl Cutter with Stand
In stock Free deliveryWith its sturdy floor stand, powerful stepper motor, and reliable software, the MH 34″ model delivers smooth, consistent cutting across a wide range of adhesive ...
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USCutter MH Series Vinyl Cutter – 14″ to 53″ Sizes
In stock Free deliveryWith selectable cutting widths of 14″, 28″, 34″ and 53″, you can choose the size that fits your media and workflow without paying for more than you need.
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The Cutter (2005) - IMDb
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The Cutter | Rotten Tomatoes
Rating 24% (45) John "Shep" Shepherd (Chuck Norris) is a decorated detective always at odds with his superiors over his tough-guy methods. When an aged diamond cutter is ...
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Primeval (TV Series 2007–2011) - IMDb
Rating 7.2/10 (16,298) When strange anomalies start to appear all over England, Professor Cutter and his team must track down and capture all sorts of dangerous prehistoric creatures.Full cast & crew · Episode list · Primeval (2007) · Andrew Lee Potts
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Primeval (TV Series 2007–2011) - Plot - IMDb
When strange anomalies start to appear all over England, Professor Cutter and his team must track down and capture all sorts of dangerous prehistoric creatures ...
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Rebecca Perry Cutter - IMDb
Rebecca Perry Cutter was born on 7 June 1974 in Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA. She is a writer and producer, known for Hightown (2020), The Hunting Wives ...
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Halo Wars 2 Live-Action Ad Campaign Pits Captain Cutter Against ...
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### Summary of Cutter Pitch Mechanics (Driveline Baseball, 2020)
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Kenley Jansen Stats: Statcast, Visuals & Advanced Metrics
### Kenley Jansen Cutter Stats Summary (2025)
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### Summary of Cutters Sports (https://cutterssports.com/pages/about-us)
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Full article: On-field kinematics of cut maneuvers in football players
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The immediate effect of the combined FIFA11+ and change of ...
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Effects of a warm-up program on jump-landing pattern and ... - Nature
Jul 31, 2025 · Since landing from jumps and cutting maneuvers are integral components of basketball, valgus or knee abduction positions during these movements ...
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The effects of training intervention on the prevention of knee joint ...
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The effects of an integrated training program on jump performance ...
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[104]
[PDF] G 63 Cutter Numbers - The Library of Congress
Jul 1, 2013 · The table was published in the Cataloging Service Bulletin in 1964 and revised in 1971, 1972, and 1979. In 1979 the third letter table was ...
[105]
Famous Librarian: Charles Ammi Cutter
Nov 20, 1998 · He first developed and published the two-figure tables between 1891 and 1893. As these tables were put into regular use, Cutter "began adding a ...<|control11|><|separator|>
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Using the Cutter Table - NACO - The Library of Congress
The Cutter table uses letters after the initial author's surname letter to determine a number. Numbers are assigned based on the second letter after the ...
[107]
https://www.loc.gov/aba/publications/FreeCSM/G063.pdf
[108]
C. A. Cutter's Two-figure author table - National Library of Australia
First published in 1896 under title: C. A. Cutter's alfabetic-order table. The tables are mounted on boards and bound. Subject: Shelflisting; Other authors/ ...
[109]
Expansive classification : Cutter, Charles A. (Charles Ammi), 1837 ...
Nov 23, 2009 · Cutter, Charles A. (Charles Ammi), 1837-1903. Publication date: 1891. Topics: Classification, Classification -- Books. Publisher: Boston : C.A. ...
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MARC 21 Format for Bibliographic Data Field List
Jun 6, 2025 · ... aa - Visible light da - Near infrared db - Middle infrared dc - Far ... za - Zarzuelas zz - Other || - No attempt to code 20 - Format ...
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1 Introduction - OCLC
Sep 5, 2025 · Dewey Cutter Program. Automatically provides Cutter numbers from the Cutter Four-Figure and Cutter-Sanborn tables. Dewey Services. Organize ...Marc 21 And Oclc-Marc · 1.3 Bibliographic Formats · 1.5 Cataloging DocumentationMissing: modern 2020s