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Micro Focus

Micro Focus International was a British multinational enterprise software company founded in 1976 and headquartered in , . Specializing in mission-critical software for , it focused on application modernization, IT operations management, cybersecurity, and , helping organizations bridge legacy systems with modern technologies such as on non-mainframe platforms. With over 300 products across these areas, Micro Focus served approximately 40,000 customers globally, enabling them to leverage existing IT investments while addressing evolving business needs. The company achieved early recognition as the first to win the Queen's Award for Industry solely for a software product in 1981, for its compiler. Through strategic acquisitions, Micro Focus expanded its portfolio significantly, including the 2014 purchase of for approximately $1.2 billion, which bolstered its mainframe and terminal emulation capabilities; the acquisition of Software in 2009; Compuware's application testing business in 2009; and a major merger with Enterprise's software business in 2017 for $8.8 billion, which more than tripled its size and revenue to approximately $4.5 billion annually. These moves positioned it as one of the world's largest independent providers, with a strong emphasis on hybrid IT environments and compliance-driven solutions. In January 2023, Corporation acquired Micro Focus for approximately $6 billion, creating a combined entity with enhanced capabilities in , analytics, , cybersecurity, and IT operations. Post-acquisition, Micro Focus's offerings were integrated into 's cloud platforms, including the OpenText AI Cloud, DevOps Cloud, Cybersecurity Cloud, and IT Operations Cloud, continuing to support enterprise for a broader market opportunity exceeding $170 billion. This merger marked the culmination of Micro Focus's evolution from a pioneer to a key player in modern ecosystems.

Corporate Profile

Founding and Early Milestones

Micro Focus was founded in 1976 in Newbury, , as a provider of compilers for minicomputers, enabling business applications on smaller systems during a shift away from costly mainframes. Its early focus on portable, standards-compliant solutions addressed needs for application migration and maintenance. In 1981, it received the Queen's Award for Technological Achievement for its compiler, the first software product to win solely on its merits. This established Micro Focus as a leader in for systems.

Headquarters, Scale, and Leadership

Micro Focus was headquartered at , 22-30 Old Bath Road in , . It had major offices in the United States (North American headquarters in ), Japan (Micro Focus K.K. in Tokyo's ward), and a presence in 48 countries. At its peak as an independent company in 2022, Micro Focus employed approximately 11,000 people worldwide and generated in revenue for 2021, largely from recurring and licensing. These figures underscored its role as a major provider focused on long-term customer support for legacy and IT. Leadership included Stephen Murdoch as CEO from 2018 to 2022, who managed post-acquisition integrations and restructuring, drawing on prior experience at and . Kevin Loosemore served as chairman from 2011 to 2020, overseeing growth through mergers and listings to become the UK's largest listed tech firm. Pre-acquisition, operations were divided into segments like (AMC) for legacy updates and connectivity, (ADM) for IT optimization, and for security.

Current Ownership and Status

In August 2022, Corporation announced its acquisition of Micro Focus for $6.0 billion, closing on January 31, 2023, at approximately $5.8 billion including net debt. Shares were delisted from the London Stock Exchange on January 31, 2023, and from the shortly after. Micro Focus was integrated into , enhancing capabilities in cybersecurity, IT operations, application delivery, and AI, while nearly doubling 's revenue and workforce. In May 2024, divested the business (including legacy and mainframe tools) to Rocket Software for $2.275 billion. The Micro Focus brand is retained for the integrated remaining portfolio, now part of 's Cloud, Cybersecurity Cloud, and IT Operations Cloud, serving enterprise . As of November 2025, Micro Focus continues as a brand within OpenText with ongoing support for its retained products, including application delivery and security solutions, ensuring continuity for customers.

Historical Evolution

Inception and Initial Growth (1976–1990s)

Micro Focus was established on August 12, 1976, by Brian Reynolds in a modest lean-to office in Notting Hill, England, initially focusing on developing COBOL compilers that could operate off mainframe systems, building on its founding emphasis on portable COBOL solutions. The company quickly expanded its team with key hires like Paul O’Grady and Stewart Lang later that year, and by 1977, it delivered its first hand-coded COBOL compiler while securing an early OEM partnership with Dataskil to distribute the product. These efforts positioned Micro Focus as a pioneer in making COBOL accessible on smaller systems, with its compilers designed for compatibility with IBM standards to ensure seamless integration with established hardware environments. In the late 1970s, Micro Focus entered the market, opening an office in in the , which contributed to significant international growth. The company further solidified its growth through product innovations, launching Professional in to enhance development capabilities beyond basic compilers. By the mid-, business was booming, with employee numbers rising from 70 to 220, reflecting profitability driven by demand for its tools in settings. Micro Focus went public on the London Stock Exchange in as Micro Focus Group plc, further supporting its expansion. This period also saw Micro Focus receive the Queen's Award for Technological in —the first for a purely software product—and for in 1982, awards that boosted its international credibility and contributed to sustained sales growth over the decade. During the 1980s, Micro Focus expanded its offerings with integrated environments, launching the Workbench in 1988 to provide comprehensive tools for , , and testing, moving beyond standalone compilers to full suites marketed through partnerships with major vendors. However, the decade's shift from minicomputers to personal computers presented challenges, as legacy applications required migration to new platforms. Micro Focus adapted by leveraging its , developed in the late 1970s, to enable efficient of code from minicomputers to , maintaining compatibility and supporting enterprise transitions without full rewrites. By the early , despite internal financial turbulence in 1987—including auditor rejections of results that caused a sharp share price decline—the company's focus on portability tools helped it emerge as an established player in the evolving software landscape.

Public Listings and Global Expansion (2000s)

In 2005, Micro Focus completed its on the London Stock Exchange, marking a significant transition from private ownership following its 2001 acquisition by private equity firms and Parallax Capital Partners for £45 million. The IPO, priced at 130 pence per share and valuing the company at approximately £260 million, provided capital to support strategic acquisitions and accelerate expansion in the market. The public listing fueled revenue growth throughout the decade, with annual revenues rising from roughly $100 million in the early —reflecting the scale at the time of the buyout—to $274.7 million by 2009, a exceeding 15 percent. This expansion was propelled by organic demand for Micro Focus's modernization tools among major enterprise clients, particularly in banking and retail sectors, where legacy system maintenance and upgrades became critical amid aftermath and digital transitions. To tap into emerging markets, Micro Focus pursued global expansion in the region during the , establishing key subsidiaries such as Micro Focus KK in Tokyo, Japan, and Micro Focus Software Private Limited in to support local development and . By 2009, this strategy yielded substantial results, with regional revenues growing 23 percent across markets including , , and , and specifically surging over 250 percent year-over-year due to increased adoption of the company's enterprise solutions. Leadership transitioned in 2006 with the appointment of Stephen Kelly as CEO, who emphasized organic growth alongside selective acquisitions to strengthen the core business. Under Kelly's guidance, the company achieved over 16 percent organic revenue growth in 2007, prioritizing renewals and sales in established markets while building international presence.

Strategic Mergers in the Enterprise Software Era (2010s)

In the late 2000s, Micro Focus executed a strategic acquisition of Software Corporation, finalized in August 2009 for $113 million after an initial offer of $75 million, which bolstered its (ALM) and development tools portfolio. This deal, though initiated just before the , had lasting impacts by integrating Borland's ALM solutions, such as and , into Micro Focus's offerings, enabling enhanced support for legacy modernization and agile development practices throughout the decade. The acquisition positioned Micro Focus to address enterprise needs in and deployment, contributing to revenue growth in the early as it expanded its U.S. market presence. Building on this momentum, Micro Focus merged with in November 2014 in an all-share transaction valued at approximately $1.2 billion, significantly scaling its infrastructure software capabilities. The deal incorporated Attachmate's terminal emulation tools like , NetIQ's solutions, and Novell's mainframe rehosting technologies, creating a combined entity with over $1.4 billion in annual revenue and more than 4,500 employees. Integration proceeded relatively smoothly, with Micro Focus leveraging the acquisition to strengthen its global footprint and cross-sell opportunities in mainframe and security software, though it required harmonizing product roadmaps to avoid redundancies in support. This merger enhanced Micro Focus's competitive edge in enterprise IT modernization, particularly for hybrid environments blending mainframes and cloud infrastructure. In March 2016, Micro Focus acquired Serena Software for $540 million in cash, a move that directly fortified its and ALM ecosystem. The transaction, completed in May 2016, added Serena's tools for (e.g., ChangeMan ZMF) and agile planning (e.g., StarTeam), allowing customers to streamline application delivery across distributed teams and platforms. Benefits included improved predictability in software releases and better integration with existing Micro Focus products, enabling enterprises to modernize legacy applications while adopting practices without disrupting core operations. This acquisition addressed growing demand for unified ALM solutions in the mid-2010s, helping Micro Focus capture in agile transformation projects. The decade's pinnacle was Micro Focus's 2017 merger with software business, announced in September 2016 and completed on September 1, 2017, in a $8.8 billion transaction involving a and cash payment. Valued at an level that formed a combined with approximately $4.5 billion in annual revenue, the deal faced regulatory scrutiny, including approval in March 2017 after commitments to divest certain assets to address concerns in IT software. The merger expanded Micro Focus's portfolio to include HPE's offerings in application delivery (e.g., Operations Bridge), (e.g., Vertica), and (e.g., ArcSight), creating synergies in and hybrid support. Post-merger, Micro Focus shifted its operational emphasis toward the U.S., establishing stronger leadership and R&D presence there while retaining its base, which solidified its status as one of the world's largest independent providers.

Products and Services

Core Enterprise Software Solutions

Following OpenText's divestiture of its Application Modernization and Connectivity (AMC) business to Rocket Software on May 1, 2024, the following products originally from Micro Focus are now offered by Rocket Software. Micro Focus's core solutions center on robust development and runtime environments for mission-critical applications, particularly those built on legacy languages like and . These offerings enable organizations to maintain, extend, and integrate decades-old codebases while supporting modern development practices, ensuring reliability in high-stakes operations. A cornerstone of these solutions is the suite of and compilers, exemplified by Visual COBOL, which provides integrated development tools within Microsoft Visual Studio or IDEs. Visual COBOL facilitates the maintenance and modernization of legacy applications by allowing developers to leverage .NET, , , and cloud platforms without rewriting core logic, thus supporting the upkeep of business-critical systems in sectors reliant on for . Similarly, the Open PL/I Compiler and runtime environment, acquired through the Liant deal, enables porting of mainframe applications to distributed systems like Windows, UNIX, and , preserving compatibility with standards while enhancing portability. Enterprise Developer complements these compilers by offering a unified for cross-platform development of and applications, incorporating smart editing, advanced debugging, and testing features that accelerate delivery by up to 40%. This tool supports agile and workflows, allowing teams to build and test mainframe-style applications on Windows without mainframe access, thereby reducing dependency on proprietary hardware. For security and compliance, Enterprise Analyzer provides comprehensive code auditing and intelligence capabilities, analyzing multi-million-line and codebases to identify redundancies, unused processes, and potential vulnerabilities. It aids in extraction and , helping organizations meet regulatory requirements by isolating logic for reuse and cutting maintenance costs by around 15%, as demonstrated in implementations for global insurers. These solutions primarily serve , healthcare, and clients, where they address challenges akin to Y2K-era modernizations by enabling seamless updates to legacy systems without operational disruption—for instance, banks use Visual to integrate transaction engines with modern , while governments rely on Enterprise Analyzer for compliance audits of applications.

Legacy System Modernization Tools

Following OpenText's divestiture of its Application Modernization and Connectivity (AMC) business to Rocket Software on May 1, 2024, the following products originally from Micro Focus are now offered by Rocket Software. Micro Focus provides a range of tools designed to modernize legacy systems, particularly those built on and mainframe technologies, by enabling rehosting and interoperability without the need for complete code rewrites. The Enterprise Suite stands out as a core offering in this domain, allowing organizations to migrate mainframe applications—such as those running on IBM z/OS—to distributed environments like , Windows, or cloud platforms while preserving the original . This rehosting approach supports both and applications, facilitating seamless execution on modern infrastructure with minimal modifications to . A key component of the Enterprise Suite is Enterprise Server, which acts as a scalable engine for mainframe workloads, enabling high-fidelity of legacy behaviors in distributed settings. For instance, it replicates mainframe file systems, , and batch operations, reducing the complexity of migration projects. This tool integrates directly with cloud providers, such as AWS and , through pre-configured virtual machine images and that wrap legacy components for deployments. On AWS, Enterprise Server supports rapid rehosting with automated provisioning, while on , it optimizes z/OS applications via s, allowing for incremental modernization without disrupting operations. Case studies demonstrate that such integrations can accelerate migrations and yield significant cost savings, with some organizations reporting up to 50% reductions in total migration expenses compared to full rewrites, primarily through lower hardware and licensing fees. In addition to rehosting, Micro Focus offers tools for enhancing legacy applications with modern languages like , building on its established COBOL runtime foundation. Enterprise Analyzer provides automated code analysis and refactoring capabilities, identifying dependencies, data flows, and optimization opportunities to prepare COBOL code for or partial to Java. This includes generating mappings and wrappers that enable COBOL modules to interoperate with Java applications via tools like the Interface Mapping Toolkit, supporting scenarios such as web services or architectures without manual recoding. Visual COBOL further extends this by allowing developers to refactor COBOL code within IDEs like or , automating tasks like data type conversions and bindings to Java ecosystems. These processes emphasize precision in handling legacy constructs, ensuring functional equivalence post-modernization. The primary benefits of these modernization tools lie in their ability to mitigate risks associated with legacy systems, particularly in regulated industries such as , healthcare, and , where downtime or errors can have severe consequences. By avoiding full rewrites, organizations preserve decades of tested , reducing the potential for introducing or issues during transitions. For example, rehosting with Enterprise Suite has enabled secure, low-disruption migrations for mission-critical applications, lowering operational risks while unlocking and . This approach not only cuts costs over time but also facilitates with modern standards like GDPR or PCI-DSS through integrated security features in environments.

Application Delivery and Management

Micro Focus's Application Delivery and Management solutions encompass tools that facilitate the deployment, testing, and ongoing management of applications throughout their lifecycle, ensuring reliability and performance in environments. A key component is the (ALM) suite, including ALM/Quality Center, which was acquired through the HPE deal and provides end-to-end traceability from requirements definition and planning to development, testing, and defect management. This platform supports agile methodologies by enabling backlog management, tracking, sprint planning, and collaboration features, while integrating with tools like Jenkins, , and to automate workflows and provide real-time visibility into release cadences. ALM/Quality Center enhances testing governance with 100% traceable validation and up to 95% improved efficiency in test processes, allowing teams to align on common release schedules and dependency mapping. For performance testing, Micro Focus offers LoadRunner Professional, an enterprise-grade tool that simulates thousands of virtual users to evaluate application behavior under high loads, supporting up to 10 times normal traffic for during peak events. It covers over 180 protocols for web, mobile, and legacy enterprise applications, enabling scalable load generation, real-time analytics, and diagnostics to identify bottlenecks early in the delivery pipeline. This integration with processes ensures performance validation without disrupting development, making it suitable for hybrid and cloud-based deployments. In IT operations , SiteScope provides agentless for heterogeneous and environments, capturing data across servers, networks, and applications with quick setup and broad compatibility. It integrates with Operations Bridge and other Micro Focus tools to send events and metrics to servers, supporting reporting and alerting for proactive issue resolution in on-premises, , and virtualized setups. This facilitates peak optimization by key components without intrusive agents, ensuring seamless operations in diverse infrastructures. Following the 2023 acquisition by , Micro Focus's tools have evolved to incorporate AI-driven testing capabilities by 2025, enhancing automation in through and adaptive that reduces maintenance by adapting to changes. , building on Micro Focus foundations like , achieves up to 90% faster and supports with pipelines for AI-augmented execution across web, mobile, and mainframe apps. This positions the suite as a leader in AI-augmented , as recognized in the 2025 .

Acquisitions and Divestitures

Key Early Acquisitions (Acucorp, Liant, Ryan-McFarland)

In the late 1980s, Ryan-McFarland Corporation emerged as a key player in the COBOL compiler market, developing RM/COBOL, a portable compiler designed for microcomputers and early distributed systems, which competed directly with Micro Focus offerings. The company was acquired by Australian firm Austec in 1987 for $14 million, enhancing Austec's U.S. presence in language tools, and later restructured as a division of Liant Software Corporation in 1989. Micro Focus acquired Liant Software Corporation on July 11, 2008, for $5 million in cash, gaining access to —a compact optimized for systems and resource-constrained environments—and Open , a for cross-platform development. This deal incorporated the legacy assets of Ryan-McFarland, including its foundational syntax support, allowing Micro Focus to extend compatibility for older applications without disrupting existing deployments. The acquisition targeted gaps in Micro Focus's portfolio for small-business and markets, where 's efficiency in low-memory scenarios provided synergies for modernizing legacy code on and real-time systems, while Open added procedural language support for hybrid environments. Earlier, in May 2007, Micro Focus purchased Acucorp, Inc., for $40.7 million in cash, integrating ACUCOBOL-GT, a COBOL runtime and development environment tailored for Unix and Linux deployments. ACUCOBOL-GT enabled seamless extension of business-critical COBOL applications to distributed platforms, complementing Micro Focus's mainframe-focused tools by filling voids in open-systems portability and runtime optimization. The synergy lay in non-overlapping technologies: Acucorp's strengths in small- to medium-sized enterprise deployments bolstered Micro Focus's cross-platform strategy, creating a more comprehensive suite for COBOL migration and runtime execution without redundancy in core compiler functions. These early acquisitions strategically consolidated Micro Focus's dominance in the fragmented ecosystem, prioritizing complementary enhancements to cross-platform support for legacy applications on distributed, embedded, and Unix environments, thereby addressing customer needs for modernization without product overlap.

Major Later Deals (Borland, Attachmate, HPE Software)

In 2009, Micro Focus acquired Software Corporation for an initial cash offer of US$75 million, which was later sweetened to a gross purchase price of approximately US$113 million following shareholder negotiations, with the deal closing on July 27. This acquisition targeted Borland's (ALM) portfolio, including tools such as for , StarTeam for , and Together for modeling, enabling Micro Focus to expand beyond its core legacy modernization focus into broader development lifecycle solutions. Post-acquisition, Micro Focus rebranded key Borland products under its own umbrella, such as integrating StarTeam into its ALM offerings while maintaining interoperability with diverse development environments. The 2014 merger with The Attachmate Group, valued at US$1.2 billion in shares plus assumed debt, significantly broadened Micro Focus's infrastructure software capabilities by incorporating Attachmate's terminal emulation and connectivity tools. Key assets gained included the Reflection suite of terminal emulators for secure access to IBM, UNIX, Linux, and HP hosts, alongside Novell identity and access management products, NetIQ monitoring solutions, and SUSE Linux distributions, which Attachmate had previously acquired. The transaction, completed on November 20, boosted the combined entity's annual revenue to approximately US$1.4 billion, establishing Micro Focus as a more comprehensive provider of enterprise infrastructure software with enhanced global reach. Micro Focus's 2017 merger with Hewlett Packard Enterprise's (HPE) software business, valued at US$8.8 billion, represented its largest deal and transformed it into one of the world's largest independent enterprise software companies, with HPE retaining a 50.1% stake initially. The integration brought HPE's portfolio of IT operations management and application delivery tools, including Business Service Management (BSM) for end-to-end service monitoring, Operations Bridge for hybrid IT analytics, and testing solutions like Unified Functional Testing (UFT) and LoadRunner for performance validation. While the merger enhanced market share in application delivery and DevOps segments, it faced challenges in cultural integration, with reports of tensions between the agile-focused HPE teams and Micro Focus's more traditional structure, leading to subsequent leadership changes and operational streamlining. Micro Focus's later acquisition strategy emphasized diversification through complementary technologies, culminating in 22 deals across nine countries from the onward, with 11 and a strong emphasis on , to build a robust ecosystem spanning legacy support, IT operations, and modern application delivery.

Recent Divestitures (AMC to Software)

In November 2023, OpenText announced the divestiture of its Application Modernization and Connectivity (AMC) division—originally derived from HPE's software assets acquired by Micro Focus in 2017—to Rocket Software for US$2.275 billion in cash. The deal, which included key COBOL development and modernization tools essential for mainframe and legacy system migration, was completed on May 1, 2024, transferring approximately 750 employees and associated services to Rocket Software. This transaction reflected OpenText's strategic pivot toward , cloud, and AI-driven solutions, allowing the company to offload non-core legacy modernization assets and streamline its portfolio for higher organic growth in prioritized areas. By divesting , OpenText aimed to achieve more predictable revenue streams, accelerate to a target net leverage ratio below 3x, and enhance capital flexibility for shareholder returns, such as potential share buybacks. The proceeds from the sale, valued at 8.3x 's fiscal 2023 adjusted EBITDA of about $275 million, supported OpenText's ongoing integrations and focus on core offerings. Regarding the Micro Focus brand, OpenText retained ownership of its core products and services, such as application delivery and security solutions, ensuring continuity for most enterprise customers. However, the transfer of tools to Rocket Software impacted segments reliant on mainframe connectivity and COBOL-specific modernization, prompting those users to transition support and updates to the new owner. No additional significant divestitures of Micro Focus-related assets occurred through November 2025, though pursued other non-core sales, such as a $163 million unit divestiture in October 2025, further emphasizing with proceeds directed toward debt reduction and strategic integrations.

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