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Quadrant

Quadrant is an Australian monthly magazine focused on literature, ideas, essays, and policy commentary, founded in 1956 by Richard Krygier as the official journal of the Australian Association for Cultural Freedom.^[1]^[2] Established amid Cold War tensions, it emerged from the international Congress for Cultural Freedom, an anti-communist initiative that received covert funding from the CIA to counter Soviet cultural influence and promote liberal democratic values in intellectual discourse.^[3]^[1] The publication's first editor was poet and critic James McAuley, who shaped its early emphasis on high literary standards, rational debate, and resistance to ideological conformity.^[1] Over nearly seven decades, Quadrant has maintained a commitment to independent thought, publishing fiction, poetry, and analytical pieces that often challenge progressive orthodoxies in Australian academia, media, and culture.^[2] It gained prominence for its role in intellectual debates, including the "history wars" under long-time editor Keith Windschuttle (2008–2025), who critiqued postmodernist interpretations of Australia's past and defended empirical historiography against what he termed fabricated narratives of colonial atrocities.^[4] The magazine's editorial stance aligns with classical liberalism and cultural conservatism, prioritizing free speech and skepticism toward institutional biases, particularly those observed in left-leaning establishments.^[2]^[5] Quadrant's influence extends to shaping public discourse on issues like multiculturalism, indigenous policy, and free enterprise, with contributors including prominent figures such as Geoffrey Blainey and P.P. McGuinness.^[6] While celebrated for its longevity and defense of Enlightenment values—marking 50 years in 2006 with events attended by political leaders—it has faced accusations of partisanship from critics who view its positions as increasingly aligned with conservative politics, though its self-described mission remains rooted in fostering debate essential to free societies.^[6]^[2]

Geometry and Mathematics

Coordinate Quadrants in Plane Geometry

The Cartesian coordinate plane, formed by two perpendicular number lines intersecting at the origin (0,0), divides the plane into four infinite regions called quadrants. These quadrants are numbered Roman numerals I through IV, proceeding counterclockwise from the region where both the x-coordinate and y-coordinate are positive. The boundaries of the quadrants are the axes themselves, with points on the axes (except the origin) belonging to no quadrant, and the origin shared among all but assigned to none specifically. This system facilitates locating points, graphing functions, and analyzing geometric relationships based on coordinate signs.^[7]^[8]^[9]

Quadrant	x-coordinate sign	y-coordinate sign	Example point
I	Positive	Positive	(3, 4)
II	Negative	Positive	(-3, 4)
III	Negative	Negative	(-3, -4)
IV	Positive	Negative	(3, -4)

The sign conventions in each quadrant determine the behavior of functions and vectors; for instance, distances from the origin remain positive via the distance formula \sqrt{x^2 + y^2}, but directional properties vary, such as slopes being positive in I and III, and negative in II and IV.^[7]^[10]^[11] This division traces to the 17th-century development of the Cartesian system by René Descartes, who integrated algebraic equations with geometric representation, though explicit quadrant labeling emerged later, as in Nicolas Reyneau's 1736 analysis. Quadrants enable systematic plotting, as in identifying where parabolas or lines intersect axes, and underpin applications in physics for vector resolution and in computer graphics for rendering positions.^[12]^[13]^[14]

Arc and Sector Quadrants

In geometry, a quadrant of a circle is defined as a sector subtended by a central angle of 90 degrees, dividing the circle into four equal parts. This configuration consists of two radii and the arc connecting their endpoints, forming a quarter of the full circumference.^[15]^[16] The term "quadrant" derives from its role in quartering the circle, analogous to the four quadrants in the Cartesian plane, though here applied to polar or circular divisions.^[15] The arc of a quadrant spans one-quarter of the circle's circumference, with its length calculated as \frac{1}{4} \times 2\pi r = \frac{\pi r}{2}, where r is the radius. This arc length formula follows from the general arc length for a sector: \frac{\theta}{360^\circ} \times 2\pi r, with \theta = 90^\circ for a quadrant. The sector area enclosed by the quadrant's radii and arc is \frac{1}{4} \pi r^2, derived from the proportion of the full circle's area \pi r^2. These formulas assume a uniform circular arc and enable computations for applications in engineering, such as gear sectors or architectural arches.^[17]^[18] Quadrants differ from general sectors, which may have arbitrary central angles, but share properties like congruence when radii are equal and angles match. In a circle inscribed in a square, each quadrant aligns with a side, facilitating symmetry in tiling or symmetry analyses. For instance, the perimeter of a quadrant's boundary—comprising two radii and the arc—is $2r + \frac{\pi r}{2}, useful in perimeter problems excluding the chord. Unlike broader sectors, quadrants maintain rotational symmetry every 90 degrees around the center.^[19]^[15]

Astronomical and Navigational Quadrant

The astronomical and navigational quadrant is an angular measuring instrument shaped as a quarter-circle arc, calibrated in degrees from 0° to 90°, employed to determine the altitude of celestial bodies such as the sun or stars above the horizon. Constructed typically from wood, brass, or iron, it features adjustable sights or pinholes at the radial ends for alignment, a plumb line or spirit level for vertical orientation, and a vernier scale for fine readings. This design enabled precise zenith distance measurements, essential for deriving latitude in navigation and declinations in positional astronomy.^[20]^[21] In astronomical applications, quadrants facilitated meridian observations by fixing the instrument along a north-south wall or portable frame, allowing observers to track a body's crossing of the local meridian for time and positional data. Tycho Brahe's 16th-century mural quadrants, spanning up to 8 feet and divided into fine arcs readable to 10 arcseconds, yielded naked-eye accuracies of 1 to 3 arcminutes through repeated sightings and mechanical stability, surpassing prior instruments and enabling his catalog of over 1,000 stellar positions. Later examples, such as James Bradley's 1750 8-foot brass quadrant at Greenwich Observatory, integrated with transit telescopes to measure declinations with comparable precision, supporting refinements in stellar parallax and precession.^[22]^[23]^[24] Navigational quadrants, often handheld and simpler in form, were aligned vertically by the user to sight the horizon and a celestial object simultaneously, converting the observed angle to latitude via tables assuming a known declination. Prevalent from the 15th century among explorers like Christopher Columbus, who recorded Polaris altitudes for port fixes, these devices offered angles accurate to within 1° under calm conditions but were hindered by ship motion and the requirement for steady hand-holding, limiting reliability compared to later reflecting instruments. Their portability and ease of construction from available materials contributed to widespread use until the sextant's double-reflection mechanism improved horizon-body simultaneity in the 1730s.^[21]^[25]^[26] Specialized variants enhanced functionality: the geometric quadrant projected the celestial sphere stereographically onto its arc for solving problems like time-finding or altitude computation without additional tools, while the Gunter quadrant of the 17th century incorporated sine, tangent, and other logarithmic scales on its edges for integrated calculation of positions and almanac corrections. These adaptations reflected iterative engineering to balance portability, readability, and computational utility in field conditions.^[27]^[20]

Historical Development and Usage

The navigational quadrant emerged as an instrument for measuring celestial altitudes during antiquity, with early forms used in astronomical observations. Ptolemy described a quadrant-like device in the 2nd century AD for determining the sun's angular height, laying groundwork for later adaptations in positional astronomy.^[28] Medieval Islamic scholars refined quadrant designs for precise angle measurements, influencing European instrument-making by the 13th century, though direct maritime application lagged. The first documented use at sea occurred in 1461, when Portuguese explorer Diogo Gomes employed a quadrant to gauge the altitude of Polaris for latitude determination during voyages along the West African coast.^[29] By the mid-15th century, quadrants crafted from wood or brass entered widespread sailor use, primarily to sight Polaris in the Northern Hemisphere and compute north latitude via its elevation above the horizon.^[25] Usage involved aligning the instrument's sighting vane with the horizon and target star, while a plumb bob or weighted string indicated the angle on a graduated arc scaled in degrees. This method, though simple and portable, suffered from inaccuracies due to ship motion and user steadiness, limiting precision to about 1-2 degrees under ideal conditions. Quadrants proliferated during the Age of Exploration, aiding transatlantic and circumnavigational efforts, and remained the dominant tool through the 16th and 17th centuries.^[21]^[30] Improvements accelerated in the late 17th century, exemplified by the Davis quadrant, which incorporated a shadow vane for indirect solar observations to avoid glare, enhancing daytime usability by the 1690s.^[31] Navigators iteratively refined designs for stability and readability into the 18th century, peaking in popularity around 1750 when the quadrant facilitated reliable latitude fixes essential for open-ocean trade routes. Its supremacy waned after 1731 with John Hadley's invention of the reflecting octant, which doubled angular range to 90 degrees via mirrors, reducing errors from motion and paving the way for the sextant.^[21]^[32] Despite obsolescence by the early 19th century, quadrants underscored causal advancements in empirical navigation, enabling empirical verification of positions through repeatable celestial sightings rather than dead reckoning alone.^[33]

Military and Strategy

World War II Operations

The Quadrant Conference, held from August 14 to 24, 1943, in Quebec City, Canada, was a pivotal Anglo-American wartime summit code-named Quadrant, attended by U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt, British Prime Minister Winston Churchill, and their respective military advisors, including U.S. Army Chief of Staff General George C. Marshall and British Chief of the Imperial General Staff General Alan Brooke.^[34]^[35] The conference followed the Trident meeting in Washington and aimed to coordinate Allied grand strategy amid ongoing operations in the Mediterranean and preparations for a cross-Channel invasion of Europe.^[36] Key discussions centered on the Mediterranean theater, where the Allies endorsed Operation Husky, the invasion of Sicily scheduled for July 1943, involving approximately 500,000 troops to secure the island and facilitate the subsequent advance into mainland Italy.^[34] Planners also authorized preliminary preparations for an invasion of southern France (later Operation Dragoon) as a supporting effort to the main Normandy assault, while committing to Operation Overlord—a large-scale amphibious landing in northern France targeted for May 1, 1944, requiring over 2.7 million personnel and vast logistical support.^[37] In the Pacific, the conferees approved U.S.-led operations to capture the Gilbert and Marshall Islands, advance in Burma via Operation Tarzan (a proposed air supply route over "The Hump"), and initiate strategic bombing of Japan using B-29 Superfortress bombers based in China.^[34]^[36] The Combined Chiefs of Staff, comprising Marshall, Admiral Ernest King, General Henry Arnold, Brooke, Admiral Dudley Pound, and Air Chief Marshal Charles Portal, produced a final report outlining these commitments, emphasizing the primacy of defeating Germany while allocating resources to maintain pressure on Japan without diverting from European priorities.^[37] Notably, the conference rejected broader Mediterranean diversions beyond Italy to avoid diluting Overlord forces, reflecting U.S. insistence on a direct assault on Fortress Europe over British preferences for peripheral strategies.^[35] Stalin was informed of outcomes but did not attend, with assurances given on the second front's timeline.^[34] These decisions shaped subsequent Allied campaigns, contributing to the fall of Mussolini's regime in Italy by September 1943 and the momentum toward D-Day.^[36]

Modern Military Applications

In contemporary military tactics, particularly within U.S. Army infantry and combined arms operations, the quadrant method serves as a terrain-based fire control technique for directing suppressive or support-by-fire from defensive or overwatch positions. This approach divides the observable terrain ahead of the firing unit—such as machine guns, antiarmor weapons, or vehicle-mounted systems—into four equal 90-degree quadrants, with the firing position at the center serving as the reference point. Leaders assign weapons or fire teams to specific quadrants (e.g., Quadrant A for northeast, B for southeast), establishing left and right firing limits to ensure overlapping coverage while preventing fratricide during friendly maneuvers, such as assaults across the objective.^[38]^[39] The method's advantages include rapid adaptability in dynamic environments, where commanders can shift limits or reassign quadrants based on emerging threats without complex grid calculations, making it suitable for restricted terrain like urban areas or dense vegetation where line-of-sight is limited. For instance, in support-by-fire scenarios, the quadrant system allows the base-of-fire element to engage enemy forces within designated sectors, synchronizing with the assault force's advance by lifting or shifting fire on command. This technique remains integral to platoon and company-level doctrine, as outlined in field manuals emphasizing direct fire planning, and has proven effective in operations requiring quick suppression, such as clearing enemy positions in close combat.^[38]^[40]^[41] In antiarmor and mechanized infantry tactics, the quadrant method extends to engagement areas, where it facilitates threat-based fire distribution by prioritizing high-value targets within sectors, outperforming clock or sector methods in scenarios with obscured or fragmented visibility. Modern adaptations integrate it with digital fire control systems, such as those on platforms like the M1 Abrams tank or Stryker vehicles, where quadrant elevations—measured via gunners' quadrants or electronic inclinometers—combine with azimuthal sectoring for precise indirect or direct fire adjustments. This hybrid use supports networked operations, enabling real-time coordination via battle management software that overlays quadrant data onto digital maps for joint fires, including close air support.^[41]^[39]^[42] Beyond fire control, quadrants inform broader tactical decision-making, such as dividing named areas of interest (NAIs) into four sub-sectors for intelligence surveillance or reconnaissance patrols, enhancing coverage in high-threat zones. In urban and hybrid warfare contexts, this division aids in compartmentalizing search patterns for infantry squads or unmanned aerial systems, reducing overlap and improving threat detection efficiency. Despite advancements in GPS-guided munitions, the quadrant method persists due to its simplicity, low-tech reliability in contested electromagnetic environments, and compatibility with mission command principles that decentralize execution while maintaining unity of effort.^[43]^[38]

Businesses and Organizations

Motorsport and Media Ventures

Quadrant is a gaming, esports, and lifestyle brand founded by McLaren Formula One driver Lando Norris on November 6, 2020, in partnership with Veloce Esports, initially focused on blending Norris's interests in sim racing, content creation, and apparel to engage motorsport enthusiasts through digital media.^[44]^[45] The brand emerged from Norris's background in sim racing, where he competed professionally before entering real-world Formula One, aiming to bridge virtual and physical motorsport cultures via competitive gaming and multimedia production.^[44] In motorsport-related ventures, Quadrant has fielded teams in sim racing and esports competitions, including entries in Rocket League and participation in virtual racing series organized by Veloce, leveraging Norris's expertise to promote accessible entry points into motorsport simulation.^[46] The organization expanded into content-driven events, such as collaborative challenges and live streams featuring professional sim racers, which garnered a global audience exceeding millions across platforms by emphasizing high-stakes virtual races tied to real-world F1 themes.^[47] However, by October 2024, Quadrant withdrew from certain esports divisions, including Halo, to refocus on core gaming and lifestyle elements rather than competitive team management.^[48] Media operations form a cornerstone of Quadrant's activities, producing YouTube videos, podcasts, and social media content centered on gaming challenges, behind-the-scenes F1 insights, and lifestyle apparel lines that appeal to younger demographics in the motorsport fanbase.^[45] These efforts include Norris-hosted series featuring collaborations with fellow drivers and gamers, generating revenue through sponsorships, merchandise sales, and digital ads, though the brand reported financial losses of approximately £500,000 in its early years amid heavy investment in production and events.^[49] A pivotal development occurred on July 13, 2025, when Norris sold a majority stake in Quadrant to Veloce Media Group—backed by Formula One designer Adrian Newey—while retaining over 20% ownership and continuing as a key figurehead to guide its motorsport-media integration.^[50] This transaction aligned Quadrant more closely with Veloce's ecosystem of racing media and esports, potentially stabilizing finances and expanding content distribution, though independent analyses note ongoing challenges in profitability for driver-led lifestyle brands in competitive digital spaces.^[51]

Industrial and Technology Firms

Quadrant Engineering Plastic Products, a division of Quadrant AG, was established as a pioneer in semi-finished engineering thermoplastics for machining applications. Founded with roots tracing to 1946, when it invented and patented the first plastic machining stock shapes, the company grew into the world's leading manufacturer of such materials, producing over 50 grades including acetal, nylon, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polycarbonate (PC), and ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMW-PE).^[52] These materials served demanding industrial sectors such as food processing, packaging, aerospace, and heavy equipment, offering properties like chemical resistance, low friction, and high strength.^[53] By 2008, Quadrant AG reported annual sales of CHF 733 million and employed over 2,400 people across 19 countries, with its engineering plastics unit focusing on compliant stock shapes meeting standards like EC 1935/2004 for food contact.^[54] In 2013, Mitsubishi Plastics acquired Quadrant Engineering Plastic Products, integrating it into its portfolio to expand high-performance plastics for machined parts.^[53] The acquisition bolstered Mitsubishi's capabilities in specialty thermoplastics used in construction, automotive, and medical applications. Quadrant AG rebranded to Mitsubishi Chemical Advanced Materials AG in April 2019, retaining operations in engineering plastics production and distribution.^[55] Prior to this, Quadrant expanded through acquisitions like Poly Hi Solidur in the early 2000s for ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene expertise and Piper Plastics in 2016 to enhance precision machining capabilities.^[56]^[57] Quadrant Magnetics, founded in 1992 in Sunnyvale, California, emerged as a global leader in magnetic technologies, specializing in high-volume automated manufacturing of permanent magnets and assemblies. The company provides magnetic materials, components, functional modules, and integrated systems for applications in industrial automation, energy, power generation, and electronics.^[58] With research and development centered in Silicon Valley, Quadrant developed proprietary magnetizing systems and expanded through acquisitions, including an online magnetics firm in Alabama for enhanced distribution.^[59] Its solutions address challenges in sectors like oil and gas exploration, where rare-earth magnets enable efficient production equipment.^[60] In April 2025, Quadrant Magnetics faced a federal mistrial in a U.S. case alleging unauthorized sharing of technical information from its Louisville, Kentucky facility with a Chinese affiliate, highlighting tensions in global supply chains for critical magnetic technologies.^[61] Despite such challenges, the firm maintains a focus on innovation in magnetics, serving as a key supplier for discrete and integrated systems in high-tech manufacturing.^[62]

Publishing and Intellectual Outlets

Quadrant magazine, founded in Sydney in 1956 by Richard Krygier—a Polish-Jewish refugee and former social-democrat activist—and poet James McAuley as its first editor, operates as a key Australian publishing organization focused on literary, cultural, and political commentary.^[2]^[63] The journal emerged from anti-communist intellectual networks linked to the Congress for Cultural Freedom, emphasizing opposition to totalitarian ideologies and promotion of liberal democratic values.^[2] Krygier served as publisher until his death in 1986, after which the original sponsoring body, the Association for Cultural Freedom (Australia), dissolved, transferring operations to an independent structure that evolved into Quadrant Magazine Ltd., based in Balmain, New South Wales.^[5] Under successive editors including Donald Horne, Peter Coleman, Robert Manne, Keith Windschuttle, and currently Rebecca Weisser as editor-in-chief since 2022, Quadrant has maintained a print edition published ten times annually alongside an online platform featuring articles, essays, poetry, and short reads.^[64] The organization sustains itself through subscriptions, donations, and patronage, with a mailing address at PO Box 82, Balmain NSW 2041, and contact via (+61) 03 8317 8147.^[64] Its content prioritizes rigorous debate on history, politics, and culture, attracting contributions from figures such as former Australian Prime Ministers John Howard and Tony Abbott, alongside philosophers and historians.^[2] As an intellectual outlet, Quadrant positions itself against ideological conformity, critiquing trends in academia and media that it views as eroding empirical standards and free inquiry, a stance rooted in its foundational commitment to cultural freedom amid Cold War-era threats.^[2] This has positioned it as a counterpoint to prevailing left-leaning narratives in Australian intellectual circles, fostering discussions on topics like historical revisionism and policy realism, though critics from outlets with documented progressive biases have labeled its evolution as increasingly partisan.^[6] The journal's influence persists through its role in shaping conservative thought, with archives and current issues accessible via its website, underscoring its enduring function as a business-oriented publisher of dissenting ideas.^[65]

Geography and Places

Settlements and Administrative Divisions

Washington, D.C., employs a quadrant system for administrative and addressing purposes, dividing the city into four unequal sections—Northwest (NW), Northeast (NE), Southwest (SW), and Southeast (SE)—centered on axes aligned with the U.S. Capitol. North Capitol Street and South Capitol Street form the north-south divider, while the east-west boundary follows an extension of the Mall axes, with all addresses incorporating a quadrant suffix to specify location relative to this origin point. This structure, formalized in the city's addressing standards, aids in navigation, emergency services, and urban planning, though the quadrants vary significantly in area and population, with the Northwest quadrant being the largest and most populous.^[66]^[67] Other U.S. cities have adopted similar quadrant-based divisions for administrative efficiency. In Portland, Oregon, the urban area is segmented into six sections commonly referenced as quadrants—North, Northeast, Northwest, Southeast, Southwest, and South—delineated primarily by the Willamette River and Burnside Street, a system originating from early 20th-century street renaming efforts in 1931 to standardize navigation amid growth. This exceeds the traditional four-quadrant model but retains the terminology for directional clarity in zoning, services, and neighborhood identification.^[68]^[69] Cedar Rapids, Iowa, divides its territory into four quadrants using the Cedar River as the east-west boundary and First Avenue SE as the north-south divider, a framework implemented with the quadrant street naming system in summer 1930 to organize expanding urban development and address assignment. Such divisions reflect practical responses to topography and infrastructure, prioritizing functional governance over geometric equality.^[70]

Natural and Regional Features

Quadrant Mountain is a summit in the southern section of the Gallatin Range within Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming, United States, located in Park County near the Montana border.^[71] The peak rises to an elevation of 10,218 feet (3,115 meters) above sea level, as measured by LiDAR data from the U.S. Geological Survey.^[72] Its prominence is approximately 465 feet (142 meters), classifying it as a notable topographic feature amid the park's volcanic terrain formed during the Miocene epoch, with surrounding rhyolitic and basaltic compositions dating back 2 to 10 million years.^[73] The mountain's name reflects its position dividing the upper Boundary Creek drainage from the Yellowstone River headwaters, contributing to the regional hydrology where snowmelt feeds into the park's extensive watershed.^[74] Nearby, Little Quadrant Mountain stands at 9,918 feet (3,023 meters), forming a subsidiary ridge that enhances the area's rugged profile, part of the Absaroka-Gallatin volcanic field influencing local ecosystems with alpine tundra and coniferous forests up to timberline around 10,000 feet.^[75] Access is limited to backcountry trails, such as those from the Northeast Entrance, underscoring its role in preserving unaltered natural landscapes amid Yellowstone's geothermal activity.^[74] In broader regional contexts, "quadrant" denotes quartered divisions in topographic mapping, as in U.S. Geological Survey quadrangle maps covering 7.5-minute lat-long blocks, often named for dominant natural features like mountains or valleys to standardize geospatial data for environmental analysis.^[76] These mappings reveal how such features, including those akin to Quadrant Mountain, inform resource management in tectonically active zones prone to seismic and hydrothermal influences.^[77]

Science and Technology

Engineering and Materials Science

Quadrant Engineering Plastic Products (Quadrant EPP) specializes in the production of semi-finished high-performance thermoplastics for machining into precision components in engineering applications. Founded on innovations dating to 1946, including the patenting of machinable cast nylon, the company developed a range of stock shapes such as sheets, rods, and tubes from materials including acetal (POM), nylon (PA), ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMW-PE), polycarbonate (PC), and polyethylene terephthalate (PET).^[52] These engineering plastics exhibit properties like high mechanical strength, low friction coefficients (typically 0.1-0.3 for lubricated surfaces), and resistance to chemicals and wear, allowing substitution for metals such as bronze or stainless steel to achieve weight reductions of up to 50% in components like bearings and gears.^[78] ^[79] In materials science, Quadrant EPP's portfolio extends to advanced polymers like polyphenylene sulfide (PPS, e.g., Techtron HPV with tensile strength exceeding 80 MPa), polyetheretherketone (PEEK, e.g., Ketron with continuous use temperatures up to 260°C), and polybenzimidazole (PBI, e.g., Duratron with thermal stability beyond 400°C).^[80] These materials support applications requiring dimensional stability under load, with coefficients of thermal expansion as low as 20 × 10^{-6}/K for PPS grades, and are processed via extrusion, compression molding, and casting to minimize internal stresses through proprietary annealing cycles.^[81] Quadrant's chemical resistance guides document compatibility with over 400 reagents at varying concentrations and temperatures, such as sustained exposure to 50% sulfuric acid at 60°C for certain fluoropolymers, enabling reliable use in corrosive environments.^[81] The company's contributions to engineering include ISO-certified traceability and machinability optimized for standard metalworking tools, reducing fabrication costs while enhancing performance in sectors like aerospace (e.g., low-outgassing PEEK for satellite components) and industrial machinery.^[82] ^[83] Acquired by Mitsubishi Chemical in 2019 and rebranded under Mitsubishi Chemical Advanced Materials, Quadrant EPP maintains its focus on over 50 material grades spanning performance-price trade-offs, with ongoing developments in lubricated and filled variants for tribological demands.^[84]^[85]

Computing and Data Contexts

Quadrant refers to a benchmarking application developed for Android devices to evaluate hardware performance across multiple metrics. Released by Aurora Softworks around 2010, the tool measures CPU processing speed, memory operations, I/O throughput, and 2D/3D graphics rendering capabilities, producing an overall score based on multi-threaded tests.^[86]^[87] The Standard Edition, available for free with advertisements, required an internet connection for result computation, while the Advanced Edition offered offline functionality and ad removal for a fee.^[88] The benchmark gained prominence in the early Android ecosystem for comparing smartphones and tablets but declined in usage by the mid-2010s due to vulnerabilities allowing artificial score inflation through optimizations like JIT tweaks and I/O modifications.^[89] Unofficial updates emerged as late as 2021 to maintain compatibility with newer Android versions, such as 10 and 11 on devices like the Galaxy A6+ and S9, though it was largely superseded by alternatives like AnTuTu.^[90]^[91] Devices without GPU support, such as early models like the HTC Spica, were incompatible.^[92] In network function virtualization (NFV), Quadrant denotes a specialized platform designed for cloud-deployable NF chaining and isolation. Introduced in a 2022 ACM Symposium on Cloud Computing paper by researchers from the University of Southern California, it adapts commodity cloud hardware and software to support high-performance packet processing, scaling NF instances, and secure memory partitioning without dedicated appliances.^[93]^[94] Quadrant achieves near-native throughput for virtualized network functions (NFs) while enforcing isolation between NF states and packets, addressing limitations in traditional cloud environments for NFV workloads.^[95] Within data visualization and analysis, quadrant structures organize scatter plot data into four regions defined by intersecting axes, facilitating categorization and decision-making based on dual variables such as performance versus cost.^[96] These charts, akin to 2x2 matrices, are implemented in tools like Power BI, Google Sheets, and Excel to highlight outliers or prioritize items, often for strategic frameworks like vendor assessments or risk evaluation.^[97]^[98] In computing algorithms and graphics, quadrants derive from the Cartesian plane's division into four infinite regions by x- and y-axes, enabling efficient spatial partitioning for tasks like point location, collision detection, and rendering in 2D simulations.^[99] This foundational concept underpins data structures in computer science, such as quadtrees for hierarchical indexing of multidimensional data.^[100]

Culture and Other Uses

Literary and Analytical Journals

Quadrant is a monthly Australian magazine dedicated to literature, poetry, essays, and analytical commentary on cultural and political matters, established in Sydney in 1956.^[3] Founded by Richard Krygier, secretary of the Australian branch of the Congress for Cultural Freedom, it aimed to counter communist ideological influence in post-war intellectual circles through support for free expression and Western cultural traditions.^[3] James McAuley, a poet and critic, served as its first editor from 1956 to 1967, setting a tone of skepticism toward Marxist thought and emphasis on empirical reasoning in arts and ideas.^[63] The journal received initial funding via the Congress, an anti-communist organization whose CIA ties were exposed in 1967, prompting debates over autonomy but no cessation of operations.^[3]^[101] Subsequent editors, including Peter Coleman from 1967 to 1988, reinforced its commitment to open debate against prevailing leftist narratives in Australian academia and media.^[6] Quadrant has published works by figures such as poet Les Murray, who edited its literary section from 1990 to 2019, alongside historians like Geoffrey Blainey and critics challenging progressive historical revisions.^[5] Positioned as Australia's preeminent forum for intellectual dissent, it features poetry, short fiction, book reviews, and polemics on topics from free speech to cultural relativism, often critiquing institutional biases favoring collectivist ideologies.^[102] Rebecca Weisser has edited the publication since March 2024, maintaining its print and online editions amid accusations from left-leaning outlets of extremism, which proponents attribute to its resistance to orthodoxies dominant in subsidized literary spheres.^[103] Incidents like a 2006 hoax article accepted for publication underscore claims of lax standards by critics, though defenders highlight selective outrage compared to uncorrected errors in ideologically aligned journals.^[104]

Miscellaneous References

Operation Quadrant served as the codename for the First Quebec Conference, a pivotal World War II summit convened from August 14 to 24, 1943, in Quebec City, Canada, involving U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt, British Prime Minister Winston Churchill, and their respective military chiefs of staff. The conference focused on strategic planning for the defeat of Axis powers in Europe, including the endorsement of Operation Overlord—the Allied invasion of Normandy scheduled for May 1944—and agreements on operations in the Mediterranean, such as the invasion of Italy, while also addressing broader Allied coordination excluding the Soviet Union and China at that stage.^[34]^[105]^[106] In heraldry, the quadrant appears as a charge symbolizing a quarter-circle astronomical instrument used for measuring celestial altitudes, typically depicted with its arc and sighting mechanisms, evoking themes of navigation and measurement.^[107]^[108] Early literary usage of "quadrant" extended beyond geometry to denote a rectangular enclosure or courtyard, as evidenced in William Shakespeare's works around 1590–1610, reflecting the term's adaptation from mathematical to spatial contexts in Elizabethan English.^[109]

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[16]
Sector Area Calculator
Sector with right central angle - quadrant. As a quadrant is a quarter of a circle, we can write the formula as: Quadrant area = Circle area / 4 = πr² / 4.
[17]
Formula | Area of Sector of a Circle - Cuemath
Area of a Sector of Circle = (θ/360º) × πr2, where, θ is the sector angle subtended by the arc at the center, in degrees, and 'r' is the radius of the circle.
[18]
Sector Of A Circle - BYJU'S
Dec 13, 2020 · A sector is said to be a part of a circle made of the arc of the circle along with its two radii. It is a portion of the circle formed by a ...
[19]
Sector of a Circle: Definition, Formula, Area, Perimeter - SplashLearn
A sector of a circle is a portion or part of a circle that is composed of an arc and its two radii. Learn more about its types, formula, facts, and example.
[20]
Epact: Scientific Instruments of Medieval and Renaissance Europe
Astronomical quadrants were used mainly for determining the altitude of a celestial body above the horizon. Meridian altitudes of the sun or a bright star could ...Missing: usage | Show results with:usage
[21]
Quadrant (U.S. National Park Service)
Jan 5, 2022 · First used in the fifteenth century, the quadrant was the most popular navigational tool of the mid-eighteenth century.Missing: astronomical | Show results with:astronomical
[22]
tycho_wall_quadrant.html - UNLV Physics
To be more precise, typically his errors were 1' to 3' and transcription errors were sometimes much larger. Tycho himself aspired to 1 arcminute accuracy. See ...
[23]
Tycho Brahe: Accurate Astronomical Observations with Mechanical ...
Tycho's naked eye measurements of planetary parallax were unprecedented in their precision - accurate to the arcminute, or 1/30 the width of the full moon. His ...<|control11|><|separator|>
[24]
Telescope: Bradley's 8-foot Brass Mural Quadrant (1750)
It allowed its user to measure the declination of a Heavenly Body by measuring its zenith distance as it crossed the meridian. It was used alongside Halley's ...<|separator|>
[25]
Quadrant - Ages of Exploration
It was simply a device for measuring the angular height of a star or the sun. Surveyors could use it to measure the height of a building or a mountain.
[26]
The History of the Sextant
The quadrant was a popular instrument with Portuguese explorers. Columbus would have marked the observed altitude of Polaris on his quadrant at selected ports ...
[27]
The Gunter Quadrant and Practical Knowledge | Whipple Museum
The quadrant is an instrument used to simplify astronomical calculations and to make observations. It also carries an image of the heavens.
[28]
Astronomy and Navigation - National Maritime Museum Cornwall
Jul 30, 2025 · The quadrant, using a 90o arc, was first introduced for astronomical purposes to measure the angle of the sun by Ptolemy the Graco- Roman ...Missing: origins | Show results with:origins
[29]
3.4. History [Wndsn Quadrant Telemeters]
The first of these, the sine quadrant, was invented by Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi in the 9th century at the House of Wisdom in Baghdad. The other types were ...
[30]
Navigation: The Mariner's Quadrant - RootsWeb
The quadrant is a very simple instrument of medieval origin used to determine the altitude of a heavenly body.
[31]
[PDF] The Early Development of the Davis Quadrant - Nicolàs de Hilster
Introduction. By the end of the 17th century one of the most popular instruments for taking alti- tudes of the sun was the Davis quadrant.
[32]
Hadley's Quadrant - Collection of Historical Scientific Instruments
John Hadley, an English mathematician and Fellow of the Royal Society of London invented a reflecting quadrant for navigation in 1730.Missing: origins astronomical
[33]
Quadrant - Royal Museums Greenwich
A quadrant has radial bars, a scale, and a sighting bar. It is used to measure the angular height of celestial bodies by pointing and reading the scale.
[34]
[PDF] Quadrant Conference - August 1943 - Joint Chiefs of Staff
Another major Allied focus in the Pacific was planning strategic bombing operations for the defeat of Japan using B-29 Superfortresses. Quadrant was one in a ...
[35]
Marshall and the Quebec Conference
Aug 18, 2017 · The first Quebec Conference (code-named QUADRANT) which occurred August 14-24, 1943, was the third crucial Anglo-American conference in seven months.
[36]
Quadrant Conference - World War II Database
The conference codenamed "Quadrant" was held in Quebec, Canada, three months after the conference "Trident", with largely similar topics as Trident.Missing: Operation | Show results with:Operation
[37]
[415] Combined Chiefs of Staff Minutes - Office of the Historian
819/3[319/42], a draft of the Final Report from the Combined Chiefs of Staff to the President and Prime Minister containing the conclusions of the Quadrant ...
[38]
The Art of Support by Fire - U.S. Army | Infantry Magazine
A benefit to using the quadrant system is it gives a leader the ability to establish left and right limits of fire and change those left and right limits ...Missing: strategy | Show results with:strategy
[39]
direct fire planning and control - GlobalSecurity.org
EMPLOY THE BEST WEAPON FOR THE TARGET. Using the appropriate weapon system for the target increases the probability of rapid enemy destruction or suppression; ...<|separator|>
[40]
direct fire planning and control - GlobalSecurity.org
This threat-based distribution measure is similar to the quadrant method mentioned in terrain-based fire control measures. The company commander creates the ...
[41]
[PDF] The Three to Six Second Advantage: Tank Combat in Restricted ...
Apr 1, 1997 · The quadrant method of fire control is the most suitable and easily understood of the many engagement area systems for fire control in ...
[42]
M4A1 Range Fire Control Quadrant | Seiler Precision Manufacturing
The M4A1 Range Fire Control Quadrant is a manually-operated instrument used for laying howitzers and cannons in elevation for indirect fire.Missing: military | Show results with:military
[43]
[PDF] Decision Point Tactics: Intelligence Staffs' Best Practices
Alternatively, a quick and effective approach is to use the quadrant method of dividing an oversized NAI into four quadrants (A, B, C, and D). Ideally, the ...
[44]
Lando Norris: Formula 1 driver launches esports team - BBC Sport
Nov 6, 2020 · The series' organiser, Veloce Esports, has joined with Norris for the launch of Quadrant and co-founder Jamie MacLaurin says their initial focus ...
[45]
https://quadrant.gg/pages/about
[46]
Quadrant - Liquipedia Rocket League Wiki
Oct 14, 2022 · Quadrant is an English esports organization founded by Formula One driver Lando Norris in partnership with Veloce Esports.
[47]
Quadrant - LinkedIn
Founded by Lando Norris in 2020, Quadrant started as a project to shake up motorsport culture. Just a few years on, we've built a global audience of over ...Missing: sim | Show results with:sim<|control11|><|separator|>
[48]
Quadrant shifts away from esports, departs Halo scene
Oct 30, 2024 · Quadrant is a UK-based esports and lifestyle brand that was founded by Formula 1 driver Lando Norris, who currently drives for McLaren. The ...
[49]
Quadrant: McLaren F1 star Lando Norris' gaming brand in the red
Oct 1, 2024 · It has been revealed that Quadrant, the entertainment and gaming brand founded by McLaren F1 star Lando Norris, has slumped into the red.
[50]
Adrian Newey backed group BUYS major shares off McLaren star
Jul 13, 2025 · The 25-year-old British driver has sold a majority stake in Quadrant, his motorsport content community, to a company backed by none other than Red Bull's ...
[51]
Lando Norris takes one step closer to becoming F1's modern racing ...
Jul 17, 2025 · Earlier this month, he announced the sale of a stake in Quadrant, the motor sport brand he founded, to the racing and gaming business Veloce, ...
[52]
https://www.professionalplastics.com/professionalplastics/content/QuadrantProdGuide.pdf
[53]
Mitsubishi Plastics Acquires Global Plastics Leader, the Quadrant ...
May 29, 2013 · Quadrant EPP is the global leader of high-performance engineering plastics that are used for machined parts in food processing and packaging, ...Missing: AG | Show results with:AG
[54]
[PDF] Quadrant - Plastics Information Europe
May 4, 2010 · With locations in 19 countries and more than 2 400 employees, Quadrant reported sales of CHF 733 million for 2008. Its specialty engineering ...
[55]
Quadrant Changes Name to Mitsubishi Chemical Advanced ...
Feb 25, 2019 · Quadrant AG announced today that the company will change its name to Mitsubishi Chemical Advanced Materials AG (MCAM) as of April 1, 2019.
[56]
Quadrant acquires Poly Hi Solidur - ScienceDirect.com
Swiss-based Quadrant has signed an agreement with Menasha Corporation to purchase the Poly Hi Solidur Inc business, a lead ing manufacturer of ultra-high ...
[57]
Quadrant acquires Piper Plastics, Inc. for global Engineering Plastic ...
Apr 15, 2016 · ... Quadrant AG entered into a Share Purchase Agreement with Piper Plastics, Inc. to acquire all outstanding shares of Piper Plastics. The ...<|separator|>
[58]
Company - Quadrant.us
Quadrant was founded in 1992 in Sunnyvale, CA as a technical and engineering resource in the magnetics industry with growing capabilities in light manufacturing ...Missing: firms | Show results with:firms
[59]
Quadrant Magnetics | LinkedIn
Founded in 1992, Quadrant Magnetics has evolved into a world leader in Magnetics. Our core competency in high volume automated manufacturing.
[60]
General Industrial - Quadrant.us
Quadrant's magnetic solutions are serving the upstream and midstream sectors from exploration to production. Demands include applications from rare earth ...
[61]
Mistrial Declared in Federal Case Against Quadrant Magnetics
Apr 29, 2025 · Mistrial declared in case against Quadrant Magnetics over sharing information from its facility in Louisville, Kentucky with an affiliate in China.
[62]
Quadrant
Quadrant is a global leader in advanced technologies, delivering end-to-end solutions that drive innovation across industries. Our mission is to combine ...
[63]
James McAuley. Founding editor of Quadrant. Article by Peter ...
James McAuley, founding editor of Quadrant, as described by Peter Coleman, himself a later editor of Quadrant, at a seminar in Sydney University in 2002.
[64]
Contact & Submissions - Quadrant Online
(+61) 03 8317 8147. Mailing address: PO Box 82. Balmain NSW 2041. Out editorial staff can be contacted as follows: Editor-in-chief: Rebecca Weisser
[65]
Home - Quadrant
**Summary of Quadrant:**
[66]
[PDF] Address Standards
The quadrants are Northeast (NE), Northwest (NW), Southeast (SE) and Southwest (SW) and shall be abbreviated as shown above. All addresses in Washington DC have ...Missing: divisions | Show results with:divisions
[67]
DC Quadrants - Open Data DC
This data is used for the planning and management of Washington, D.C. by local government agencies. District of Columbia quadrants. The dataset contains ...Missing: divisions | Show results with:divisions
[68]
A Local's Guide to Portland's 6 Quadrants: Housing & Lifestyle Tips ...
Sep 12, 2025 · Six total quadrants: North, Northeast, Northwest, Southeast, Southwest, South. In 1931, Portland undertook the "Great Renaming." They changed ...
[69]
Neighborhoods | The Official Guide to Portland
Jun 20, 2025 · North Portland. Sometimes called the “Fifth Quadrant,” North Portland encompasses a range of neighborhoods and commercial districts, including ...
[70]
Highways of Cedar Rapids
The current quadrant street naming system took effect in the summer of 1930, but current street names are shown on the 1926 map below. When signage of the US ...
[71]
Geographic Names Information System - The National Map
Feature Details ; Name. Quadrant Mountain ; Class. Summit ; Feature Code. Summit ; Location. Park County - Wyoming ; Citation. Source Type. Map. Reference. US.
[72]
Quadrant Mountain, Wyoming - Peakbagger.com
Elevation: 10,218 feet, 3115 meters ; Map Source, US Geological Survey (1:24,000) - Main Source Sheet: Quadrant Mountain (O44110h7) 3DEP Contours - USGS (1:5,000).
[73]
Quadrant Mountain - 10,218' Wyoming - Lists of John
Quadrant Mountain. WY. BGN Page Elevation : 10,218' (LiDAR) map: 10,213' WY Rank : 1047. WY Prominence Rank : 996. County : Park Quad : Quadrant Mountain.
[74]
QUADRANT MOUNTAIN, WY-MT | USGS Store
Description: QUADRANT MOUNTAIN, WY-MT TNM GEOSPATIAL PDF 7.5X7.5 GRID 24000-SCALE 2020. Survey Date: 2021. Height In Inches: 29.000.
[75]
Little Quadrant Mountain - PeakVisor
Little Quadrant Mountain (3 023m/9 918ft a.s.l.) is a mountain in the Gallatin Range in USA. The prominence is 143m/469ft. Sun and Moon.
[76]
Quadrant Definition | GIS Dictionary - Esri Support
quadrant · [measurement] In a rectangular coordinate system, any of the quarters formed by the central intersection of x and y axes that divide a plane into four ...
[77]
https://muir-way.com/blogs/articles/quadrangle-maps-usgs-quadrant-maps
[78]
Engineering Plastic Products | Mitsubishi Chemical Group - MCAM
Our portfolio of Engineering Plastics includes shapes in acetal, nylon, PET, PC, UHMW-PE materials and more, each exhibiting consistent performance in ...Missing: AG | Show results with:AG
[79]
Quadrant Material Selection Guide | PDF | Thermal Expansion - Scribd
Material Selection Guide. Plastics are increasingly being used to replace other materials like bronze, stainless steel, aluminum and ceramics.<|separator|>
[80]
[PDF] QUADRANT ENGINEERING PLASTIC PRODUCTS - Polymershapes
There are now more than 50 grades of machinable plastic stock shapes (sheet, rod, and tubular bar), spanning the performance/price.
[81]
https://www.boedeker.com/Portals/0/Documents/BoedekerQuadrantMaterialsChemicalGuide.pdf
[82]
[PDF] Quadrant High Performance Products and Application Guide
From full lot traceability to ISO certifications, Quadrant meets your requirements for consistent quality, performance and machinability.
[83]
[PDF] Licensed - Polymershapes
Quadrant Engineering Plastic Products (Quadrant EPP) is the world's leading manufacturer of semi-finished products. Our materials range from UHMW ...
[84]
Quadrant - LinkedIn
Quadrant is a leading global manufacturer of high-performance thermoplastic materials in the form of semi-finished products and finished parts.
[85]
https://www.professionalplastics.com/QuadrantEPPPlastics
[86]
Quadrant Standard Edition for Android - Download the APK from ...
Discover the potential of your device with Quadrant Standard Edition, an application designed for benchmarking CPU, I/O, and 3D graphics performance.Missing: computing | Show results with:computing
[87]
Quadrant Standard Edition - App on Amazon Appstore
Rating 3.8 (28) · FreeA benchmark application for Android devices. ... Quadrant Standard EditionQuadrant Standard Edition. by Aurora Softworks · 3.8 ...
[88]
Free download Quadrant Standard Edition APK for Android
Quadrant is a CPU, I/O and 3D graphics benchmark. The Standard Edition requires an Internet connection to compute benchmark results and is supported by ads. The ...
[89]
Whatever happened to Quadrant benchmarking? : r/Android - Reddit
Aug 17, 2016 · When the SD600/S4 Pro results came up screwed it lost its relevance as standard benchmark and they lost revenue to continue supporting it.Missing: computing | Show results with:computing
[90]
Quadrant Standard Gets New Unofficial Build - XDA Forums
Sep 26, 2016 · The App name has been changed to Quadrant Standard 2, to distinguish it better from the OG app. Below is the Changelog and Download Link for the App.Quadrant Benchmark... - XDA ForumsMost Popular Performance Test App? | XDA ForumsMore results from xdaforums.com
[91]
Quadrant 2021 : Lilith Edith Celest - Internet Archive
May 12, 2021 · My little unofficial version of Quadrant, 2021 ready. Tested on Galaxy A6+ (Android 10), Galaxy S8 Snapdragon SM-G950U (Android 9) and Galaxy S9 Exynos SM-G960 ...<|separator|>
[92]
Quadrant Advanced Edition 2.1.1 Free Download
Quadrant Advanced Edition - Quadrant is a CPU, I/O and 3D graphics benchmark. The application does not work on devices with no GPU (Spica, Tattoo).
[93]
Quadrant: a cloud-deployable NF virtualization platform
Quadrant is an efficient, secure cloud-deployable NFV system that adapts existing cloud infrastructure to support packet processing, achieving NF chaining, ...
[94]
[PDF] Quadrant: A Cloud-Deployable NF Virtualization Platform
Quadrant supports NFV in cloud computing environments using commodity software and hardware, fulfilling NFV's original ambitions. It extends cloud ...
[95]
[PDF] Quadrant: A Cloud-Deployable NF Virtualization Platform
High-performance packet processing. 2. Scaling of NF chains. 3. NF Memory and packet isolation a. Each NF has exclusive access to internal state and packets.
[96]
Quadrant Chart | Basic Charts - AnyChart Documentation
A quadrant chart is a scatter chart divided into four quarters (quadrants) to make the visualization more readable.
[97]
How to Create a Quadrant Chart in Google Sheets - Statology
Feb 16, 2022 · A quadrant chart is a type of chart that allows you to visualize points on a scatter plot in four distinct quadrants.
[98]
How to Create a Quadrant Chart Using a Color Scatter Plot in Power BI
Jun 4, 2025 · Learn how to create a Quadrant Chart Using Color Scatter Plot in Power BI with enhanced bubble size and color for better data visualization.<|separator|>
[99]
Quadrants in Geometry - GeeksforGeeks
Jul 23, 2025 · Quadrant is defined as a region in space that is divided into four equal parts by two axes namely the X-axis and the Y-axis in the Cartesian Plane.
[100]
Introduction to Computer Science | 2018 | Coordinate Systems
The first quadrant is the top left quarter where both x and y are positive. Moving counter-clockwise to the second quadrant all x values are negative and y ...
[101]
05 Sep 1967 - Quadrant and the C.I.A. - Trove
next issue of THARUNKA. The controversy which. arose early in the year. over the distribution ...
[102]
Quadrant - Duotrope
Aug 19, 2025 · Quadrant magazine is the leading general intellectual journal of ideas, literature, poetry and historical and political debate published in Australia.
[103]
Welcome to Our New Editor - Quadrant Online
The Quadrant board has appointed Rebecca Weisser to the position, a decision I wholeheartedly support. She will take over from our March 2024 edition.Missing: founders | Show results with:founders
[104]
Crikey's biggest scoops: the Quadrant hoax
Feb 25, 2020 · Keith Windschuttle, the editor of the conservative magazine Quadrant, has been taken in by a hoax intended to show that he will print outrageous propositions.
[105]
The Quadrant Conference: August 1943 | U.S. Government Bookstore
$$0.99The Quadrant Conference (also called the Quebec Conference) was held from August 14 to 24 in Quebec City, Canada.
[106]
Quadrant | Operations & Codenames of WWII
'Quadrant' was the Allied 1 st Quebec Conference, attended by President Franklin D. Roosevelt and Prime Minister Winston Churchill together with their ...Missing: II | Show results with:II
[107]
Quadrant - Mistholme
Jun 2, 2025 · A quadrant is a period astronomical instrument used for measuring elevation from the horizon. It consists of a graduated quarter-circle (hence ...
[108]
https://heraldryclipart.com/dictionary/dq.html
[109]
Earliest Known Uses of Some of the Words of Mathematics (Q)
The word was used by Shakespeare, in the sense of a rectangular space or courtyard. QUADRANT, as one fourth of a circle, is found in 1571 in Pantometria by ...