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TTE

TTE is an initialism or abbreviation with multiple meanings in various fields, including medicine and science, transport and organizations, technology and business, and other uses.

Medicine and science

Transthoracic echocardiogram

A transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE) is a noninvasive ultrasound imaging technique that employs high-frequency sound waves transmitted through the chest wall to generate real-time, two-dimensional images of the heart's chambers, valves, and surrounding structures. It evaluates cardiac morphology and physiology by capturing echoes from sound waves reflected off heart tissues, providing dynamic visualization of heart motion and blood flow. As the most common form of echocardiography, TTE serves as a first-line diagnostic tool for assessing overall heart health. The procedure is performed with the patient lying or on their left side in a dimly lit room to optimize image quality. A or cardiologist applies conductive gel to the patient's chest to facilitate sound wave transmission and positions a handheld at multiple acoustic windows, such as parasternal, apical, subcostal, and suprasternal views, to obtain comprehensive images in various planes. No sedation or is involved, and the test typically lasts 30 to 60 minutes, allowing patients to resume normal activities immediately afterward. In cases of suboptimal visualization due to or , ultrasound contrast agents may be injected intravenously to enhance endocardial border definition. Clinically, TTE is essential for diagnosing a range of cardiac conditions, including valvular disorders like or regurgitation, congenital heart defects, cardiomyopathies, and pericardial effusions. It quantifies key functional parameters, such as left ventricular to assess pumping efficiency, regional wall motion abnormalities indicative of ischemia, and Doppler-derived blood flow velocities to evaluate hemodynamic status. Applications extend to monitoring progression, detecting thrombi in arrhythmias like , and guiding management in conditions such as or . Compared to transesophageal echocardiography (TEE), which requires probe insertion into the for higher-resolution images, TTE is preferred as the initial, less invasive option. Its advantages include portability for bedside use in unstable patients, absence of radiation exposure, cost-effectiveness relative to or computed tomography, and broad availability in clinical settings. These attributes make TTE a cornerstone of noninvasive cardiac evaluation with minimal risks, primarily limited to rare allergic reactions to contrast if used. The historical development of TTE traces back to the 1950s, when Inge Edler and Carl Hellmuth Hertz adapted industrial ultrasound reflectoscopes for cardiac use, introducing amplitude (A)-mode echocardiography in 1954 to record heart wall motions. Harvey Feigenbaum advanced the field in the by standardizing motion (M)-mode TTE for measuring left ventricular dimensions and identifying pericardial effusions, culminating in his seminal 1972 textbook on . The 1970s brought real-time two-dimensional imaging, pioneered by Nico Bom, enabling cross-sectional views of cardiac anatomy, while the integrated color Doppler flow mapping for enhanced visualization of valvular and vascular . Subsequent innovations, such as tissue Doppler in the and three-dimensional echocardiography, have further refined TTE's precision in functional assessments. More recently, as of 2025, advancements include for automated measurements and updated standardization guidelines, improving reproducibility and clinical utility.

1,1,2-Trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane

1,1,2-Trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane, commonly known as CFC-113 or Freon-113, is a chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) with the chemical formula C₂Cl₃F₃ (or more specifically, Cl₂FCCClF₂). It is a colorless, non-flammable liquid at room temperature, characterized by a faint, ether-like odor at high concentrations. Key physical properties include a boiling point of 47.6°C, a density of 1.57 g/cm³ at 20°C, and low toxicity, making it relatively safe for industrial handling under controlled conditions. As part of the broader CFC family developed in the 1930s by companies such as DuPont for use as refrigerants and solvents, CFC-113 was first produced commercially in the early 1940s and became widely used due to its stability and non-reactivity. Historically, CFC-113 served primarily as a for precision cleaning in electronics manufacturing, removing fluxes from circuit boards, and in cleaning metals and plastics without damaging surfaces. It was also employed as a in specialized cooling systems and as a in production. Production peaked in the late , reaching approximately 251,000 metric tons annually in 1989, driven by demand in the and industries. CFC-113 is a potent ozone-depleting substance (ODS), classified under Group I of Annex A in the on Substances that Deplete the (1987), due to its content that catalytically destroys stratospheric upon photolysis. Its (ODP) is 0.8 relative to CFC-11, and it contributes to stratospheric loss, exacerbating the Antarctic ozone hole. Additionally, CFC-113 has a high (GWP) of 6,130 over 100 years, making it a significant with an atmospheric lifetime of about 90 years. Under the , production and consumption of CFC-113 were phased out in developed countries by 1996, with a full global ban by 2010 for all parties, except for limited exemptions as feedstocks. This led to a sharp decline in emissions, and atmospheric concentrations continue to decrease, from approximately 75 parts per trillion () in 2010 to 67.5 in 2022. Although production was phased out, recent studies indicate that emissions of CFC-113 continue as a byproduct in (HFC) manufacturing, particularly HFC-134a production, with global emissions estimated at around 7 Gg yr⁻¹ in 2019, primarily from unreported feedstock use in developing countries. However, overall atmospheric concentrations continue to decline due to the compound's long lifetime. Common alternatives include (HFEs), such as HFE-7100, which offer similar solvency without , and hydrocarbons like n-propyl bromide for cleaning applications, though these require careful evaluation for flammability and .

Transport and organizations

Transport, Telecommunications and Energy Council

The Transport, Telecommunications and Energy Council (TTE) is a configuration of the comprising ministers from the 27 EU member states responsible for transport, telecommunications, and energy, along with the competent European Commissioners. It typically holds 9 to 10 meetings annually in , with four for transport, three to four for energy, and two for telecommunications, tailored to policy needs. The presidency rotates every six months among member states, with the presiding minister chairing proceedings to ensure balanced decision-making across sectors. This configuration evolved from separate councils for , , and , which were merged in 2002 to streamline coordination and address interconnected challenges like sustainable and digital connectivity more effectively. Following the United Kingdom's withdrawal from the EU in , the TTE adjusted to represent only the remaining 27 member states, maintaining its core functions without structural overhaul. The TTE Council's responsibilities encompass adopting —often in co-decision with the —on , including the (TEN-T) to enhance connectivity and mobility. In , it advances the through rules on network deployment, and future rollout, spectrum allocation, cybersecurity, and interoperability to foster innovation and competition. For , it coordinates policies on market liberalization, security of supply, , renewable integration, and cross-border interconnections, exemplified by targets for 42.5% in gross final consumption by 2030. Key decisions include the initial proposal of the 'Fit for 55' package in 2021, a comprehensive set of 13 legislative proposals aiming for at least a 55% reduction in net greenhouse gas emissions by 2030 relative to 1990 levels, which was fully adopted in 2024, covering sectors like transport and energy. In response to Russia's invasion of Ukraine, the Council supported the REPowerEU plan in 2022, accelerating diversification of energy supplies, boosting renewables, and reducing fossil fuel imports to enhance security and affordability. By 2023, focus shifted to the Net-Zero Industry Act under the Green Deal Industrial Plan, streamlining permitting for clean technologies like batteries and solar panels to scale manufacturing and competitiveness, with the act entering into force in June 2024. As of 2025, the TTE continues to implement REPowerEU measures, with a March 2025 energy meeting emphasizing supply security amid global challenges. Informal meetings, such as those during the Czech presidency in 2022, emphasized energy security measures amid global volatility. Looking ahead, the 2025 agenda prioritizes applications in transport for safer autonomous systems and efficient logistics, alongside advancing the EU's goal by 2050 through accelerated renewable deployment and grid modernization. These efforts occasionally intersect with private sector initiatives in automotive policy, such as those from Team Europe.

Toyota Team Europe

Toyota Team Europe (TTE) was established in 1975 in , , by rally driver and engineer Ove Andersson as the European arm of Toyota's activities, initially focusing on with factory support from Motor Corporation. The team originated from Andersson's earlier cooperation with Toyota starting in 1972, when he ran rally programs from a base in before relocating operations to to better align with European competition circuits. In 1979, TTE moved its headquarters to , , where it expanded facilities for vehicle development and maintenance, solidifying its role in both (WRC) events and circuit racing endeavors. Throughout its operations, TTE emphasized as its core discipline, preparing Toyota vehicles for international stages while occasionally venturing into endurance racing, such as supporting prototypes in the late 1990s through shared engineering resources. Under Andersson's leadership, TTE achieved significant success in the , securing manufacturers' championships in 1993, 1994, and 1999, marking as the first Japanese automaker to claim the title. The team amassed 43 victories overall, including dominant performances in events like the , which it won four times between 1984 and 1996 with models such as the Celica GT-Four. TTE also supported drivers' championships for in 1993 and in 1994, both driving the turbocharged Celica GT-Four ST185. Beyond the , the team notched successes in the (ERC), winning multiple rounds and contributing to 's reputation in regional during the and . Iconic vehicles developed by TTE included the Celica GT-Four variants (ST165 and ST185), known for their advanced all-wheel-drive systems and turbocharged 3S-GTE engines producing over 300 horsepower, as well as the introduced in 1997, which clinched the 1999 manufacturers' title. These cars exemplified TTE's engineering prowess, with the Celica ST185 becoming a benchmark for specials. TTE's dissolution came at the end of the 1999 season, as Toyota shifted priorities toward production vehicle development and new ventures like Formula 1, citing escalating costs and strategic realignment; its assets and facilities were transferred to Toyota Motorsport (TMG), the precursor to . At its peak in the mid-1990s, TTE's annual operations involved substantial investment, supporting a team of engineers and drivers across global events. The team's innovations, particularly in turbocharging and four-wheel-drive technologies from the Celica GT-Four, directly influenced road-going models like the production Celica GT-Four, enhancing performance features such as turbocharged engines for consumer vehicles. By 2025, TTE's legacy endures through Gazoo Racing's revival since 2017, which secured a fifth consecutive manufacturers' title at the , building on the foundational expertise from .

Technology and business

Time-triggered Ethernet

Time-Triggered Ethernet (TTEthernet) is a deterministic networking protocol that extends standard IEEE 802.3 Ethernet to provide predictable, real-time communication for safety-critical systems. Defined by the SAE AS6802 standard released in November 2011, it incorporates time-triggered scheduling to ensure bounded latency and eliminate nondeterminism inherent in traditional Ethernet. The protocol supports three traffic classes: time-triggered (TT) for scheduled, high-priority real-time data; rate-constrained (RC) for bounded-rate traffic with guaranteed bandwidth; and best-effort (BE) for legacy Ethernet compatibility, allowing virtual separation and convergence of diverse communication needs on a single network. This design enables scalable integration of mixed-criticality applications while maintaining fault tolerance against single-point failures through redundant paths and message replication. Key technical features include fault-tolerant , achieving network-wide precision of less than 1 μs even under faulty node conditions, which underpins the protocol's . Redundancy management detects and mitigates failures by sequencing duplicate frames across paths, ensuring no single component disruption affects overall system reliability. Operating at Ethernet speeds up to 100 Mbps, reduces end-to-end to below 1 ms for TT traffic, supporting tight control loops in distributed systems. Development originated in the early by TTTech Computertechnik AG to address real-time Ethernet needs, leading to SAE standardization and compatibility with ARINC 664 (AFDX) for integration. In applications, TTEthernet is used in avionics for space systems such as NASA's Orion spacecraft and the Ariane 6 launcher, and selected for next-generation aviation systems including Honeywell's flight management system, enabling fly-by-wire systems and integrated modular avionics. It is deployed in automotive networks for autonomous driving, providing fault-tolerant communication for advanced driver-assistance systems as seen in developments with Audi. Certified to DO-178C Design Assurance Level A (DAL A), it meets stringent safety requirements for fail-operational operations. By 2025, TTEthernet solutions are implemented in various aircraft types, with ongoing efforts to integrate with IEEE 802.1 Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN) for enhanced scalability in future Ethernet-based architectures.

TotalEnergies

TotalEnergies SE (NYSE: TTE) is the stock ticker symbol for a multinational integrated company that operates across the oil, gas, and renewables sectors. Founded in 1924 as Compagnie Française des Pétroles in , the company has evolved into one of the world's seven supermajor oil firms, with its headquarters located in , near , . In May 2021, shareholders approved its rebranding from Total S.A. to SE to underscore its strategic shift toward multi-energy solutions, including a growing emphasis on low-carbon technologies alongside traditional hydrocarbons. This rebranding aligned with broader ambitions to diversify beyond fossil fuels while maintaining its core integrated model. The company's operations span upstream activities such as and and , downstream , , and distribution, and an expanding renewables portfolio encompassing solar, wind, and hydrogen projects. is active in approximately 120 countries, with a of 102,887 employees as of December 31, 2024. In 2024, it reported revenue of $195.61 billion USD, reflecting a decline from the prior year's $218.9 billion USD due to softer commodity prices, alongside an adjusted net income of $18.3 billion. As a major player in (LNG), ranks as the second-largest private LNG operator globally and was the leading exporter of U.S. LNG in 2023, shipping over 10 million tons annually; in , it holds significant regasification capacity in countries including , , and the . TotalEnergies' shares trade on the exchange under TTE.PA and as American Depositary Receipts (ADRs) on the under TTE since 1991, with a of approximately $138 billion as of November 2025. The company offers a forward dividend yield of about 6%, with the 2025 interim set at €0.85 per share payable in October. Amid the 2022 triggered by geopolitical tensions and supply disruptions, TotalEnergies achieved record profits of $36.2 billion, more than double the previous year's figure, driven by elevated oil and gas prices. Key upcoming projects include the resumption of construction on its $20.5 billion Mozambique LNG facility in 2025, targeting first gas production thereafter, and offshore wind developments such as the Seagreen project in the UK, where it holds a 51% . In terms of , TotalEnergies has committed to achieving net-zero across its operations and products by 2050, with investments in low-carbon energies totaling $17.8 billion in , including $4.8 billion focused on power generation. However, the company faced controversies, including a October 2025 French court ruling that found it guilty of greenwashing for misleading consumers in a about its carbon neutrality ambitions, highlighting tensions between its activities—such as efforts—and renewable transitions.

Other uses

To the Extreme

To the Extreme is the major-label debut studio album by American rapper Vanilla Ice, whose real name is Robert Van Winkle. Released on September 3, 1990, by SBK Records, the album blends hip-hop with pop elements, featuring production contributions from Vanilla Ice alongside executive producer Tommy Quon and others including Earthquake and Kim Sharp. Recorded primarily in Dallas, Texas, it consists of 15 tracks that repackage material from Vanilla Ice's earlier independent release Hooked with additional songs. The album's lead single, "Ice Ice Baby," prominently samples the bassline from Queen's "Under Pressure" (performed with ) and became the first hip-hop song to reach number one on the chart. Other notable singles include a cover of Wild Cherry's "," which peaked at number four on the Hot 100, and "I Love You," contributing to the album's crossover appeal. To the Extreme was certified seven-times platinum by the RIAA in January 1991, reflecting over seven million units shipped in the United States at that time. Commercially, debuted on the in October 1990 and ascended to number one on January 5, 1991, holding the top spot for 16 consecutive weeks. It has sold an estimated 15 million copies worldwide, making it one of the best-selling albums of all time and catapulting to international stardom. However, its rapid success drew backlash from hip-hop purists who criticized its polished, commercial sound as inauthentic and overly pop-oriented. The track's prominent sample of the bassline from Queen's "Under Pressure" (with ) sparked a legal dispute, resulting in an out-of-court settlement that awarded songwriting credits and royalties to and Bowie members. In terms of cultural legacy, exemplified early 1990s pop-rap fusion, bridging mainstream audiences with during a period of genre expansion. The album and its singles have been frequently parodied in media, from films like The Naked Gun 2½: The Smell of Fear to television shows, underscoring its iconic, if polarizing, status in pop culture.

Time to execute

In , time to execute (TTE), also known as execution time, is a performance that quantifies the duration required for a , query, or to complete from initiation to termination. It is typically measured in units such as milliseconds or seconds, depending on the of the , and can be captured using high-resolution timers to account for overhead in system calls. TTE is commonly applied in software benchmarking, where tools like Python's timeit module repeatedly execute code snippets to compute average runtimes and assess efficiency. In database systems, it evaluates SQL query performance by timing the interval from submission to result retrieval. Hardware testing often incorporates TTE to measure on CPUs, helping identify bottlenecks in . Several factors influence TTE, including algorithmic complexity described by , which predicts runtime growth relative to input size (e.g., O(n log n) for efficient sorting). Hardware attributes such as clock speed and directly affect execution speed, while system load from concurrent processes can introduce variability. Optimization techniques, including profiling with tools like GNU gprof, enable developers to analyze function-level timings and reduce TTE by refactoring hotspots. TTE holds critical importance in real-time systems, where predictable execution ensures tasks meet deadlines without in response times. For web applications, maintaining TTE below 200 milliseconds supports optimal by providing instantaneous feedback. In artificial intelligence, it measures time—the duration to generate outputs from models—enabling low-latency deployments in interactive scenarios. The concept of TTE emerged in early computing through benchmarks in the 1950s, such as performance measurements on machines like MANIAC I at Los Alamos. Modern implementations include Java's System.nanoTime() method, which provides nanosecond-precision elapsed time for accurate benchmarking. As of 2025, TTE remains vital in edge computing for IoT, where minimizing execution latency supports real-time data processing on resource-constrained devices. This metric also relates briefly to deterministic timing protocols in networking technologies like Time-Triggered Ethernet, ensuring bounded execution in distributed systems.

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