Fact-checked by Grok 2 weeks ago

Windows key

The Windows key, also known as the winkey or logo key, is a found on most PC keyboards compatible with Windows, featuring the iconic Windows logo and typically positioned between the Ctrl and keys on both the left and right sides of the spacebar. Introduced by in September 1994 on the Natural Keyboard Elite—over a year before the launch of —this key was designed to provide quick access to Windows features and shortcuts, marking the first addition of dedicated OS-specific keys to standard 101-key layouts, expanding them to 104 or 105 keys. When pressed alone, the Windows key opens or closes the , serving as a central hub for launching applications, accessing settings, and searching the system. It functions primarily as a modifier in combination with other keys to execute efficient shortcuts, enhancing user productivity without relying on a mouse; notable examples include Windows key + E to open , Windows key + D to show or hide the desktop, and Windows key + L to lock the computer. Over time, its role has evolved with Windows versions, supporting tasks like virtual desktop switching (Windows key + Tab) and system commands (Windows key + I for Settings), while remaining a staple on modern keyboards despite the 2024 introduction of the Copilot key as the first new addition in three decades.

Overview

Definition and Primary Functions

The Windows key, often abbreviated as Win or featuring the Windows logo, is a dedicated on PC keyboards designed specifically for the Windows operating system. It enables users to quickly access core system features without relying on mouse navigation, distinguishing it as a hardware element tailored to enhance productivity in Windows environments. Originally introduced on the Natural Keyboard in 1994, the Windows key was created to provide to the upon its with , streamlining by replacing menu navigation sequences previously handled by key combinations like Ctrl+Esc. As a primary function, pressing the Windows key alone opens or closes the (or its equivalent interface in modern versions), serving as the central gateway to applications, settings, , and power options. Beyond standalone use, the Windows key acts as a modifier in combination with other keys to execute system-level shortcuts that manage windows, desktops, and utilities across most Windows versions. For instance, Win + D displays or hides the desktop by minimizing all open windows, Win + E launches for file management, and Win + Tab opens for switching between applications and virtual desktops. These functions promote efficient multitasking without interrupting workflow. In contrast to universal modifier keys like Ctrl (used for commands such as copy or ) or (for menu access and application switching), the Windows key is uniquely integrated with Windows-specific operations, functioning as a "meta-key" that prioritizes OS-level controls and requires dedicated hardware support for full compatibility. This OS-centric design ensures seamless interaction with Windows features, setting it apart from the more generalized roles of Ctrl and Alt in cross-platform contexts.

Physical Design and Keyboard Placement

The Windows key is typically positioned between the Ctrl and Alt keys on both sides of the spacebar in standard full-size PC keyboards featuring 104 or 105 keys, adhering to the ISO or ANSI layouts commonly used since the mid-1990s. In compact laptop keyboards, adaptations often place the left Windows key between the Fn and left keys to accommodate reduced space, while the right Windows key remains between the right and Ctrl keys. Ergonomic designs, such as the original Natural Keyboard introduced in 1994, maintain a similar placement between and Ctrl but integrate it into a split, curved to promote natural hand positioning. The logo etched or printed on the Windows key has evolved from its debut as a four-pane window flag emblem in 1994, featuring a stylized with distinct panes representing overlapping windows. This initial design gave way to a simplified four-square representation by the early , with further refinements emphasizing geometric precision and a monochromatic blue hue aligned with modern Windows branding on keyboards compatible with Windows 11. Variations in the key's visual design include early logos offset toward the top-left corner of the keycap, as seen in keyboards from the and 98 era, contrasted with centered placements in contemporary models for balanced aesthetics. Following the release of , many keycaps adopted chamfered edges to enhance durability and tactile feedback during prolonged use. For touchscreen and tablet devices during the era, Microsoft hardware certification standards required a physical Windows key centered on the device's below the screen to ensure consistent access in touch-first interfaces. Since 1995, inclusion of the Windows key has been a requirement for keyboards seeking certification under the Windows Hardware Compatibility Program, ensuring with the operating system. In terms of hardware implementation, the key transmits specific scan codes: for PS/2 interfaces using scan code set 2, the left Windows key sends E0 1F on press and E0 F0 1F on release, while the right sends E0 27 on press and E0 F0 27 on release; USB HID equivalents use usage IDs 0xE3 (left) and 0xE7 (right) for make/break signaling.

History

Development and Introduction

The Windows key originated as part of 's initiative to enhance keyboard ergonomics and software integration during the mid-1990s expansion of the Windows operating system. In 1994, developed the Natural Keyboard, its first entry into PC hardware, which incorporated the new key alongside a redesigned split layout to reduce repetitive strain and provide direct shortcuts for Windows navigation. This project aimed to streamline user interactions as gained widespread adoption, anticipating the more graphical demands of the upcoming release. The Natural Keyboard, featuring 104 keys including two Windows keys and a dedicated , was introduced in September 1994 to complement 's software ecosystem. The key made its official debut in operating system functionality on August 24, 1995, coinciding with the retail launch of , where it served as the primary modifier for accessing the and system shortcuts. This marked the first native OS-level integration of a dedicated hardware key for Windows-specific commands, building on the pre-release hardware from the Natural Keyboard. simultaneously promoted the feature across its branded peripherals, positioning the key as a standard for efficient task switching and application control in the evolving . Early adoption faced hurdles due to the key's absence on and third-party keyboards prevalent at the time. Windows 95 provided optional support through software alternatives, such as the Ctrl + Esc combination, which replicated core functions like opening the without requiring specialized hardware. Users with non-Microsoft keyboards often relied on updated drivers or system configurations to enable partial compatibility, reflecting the transitional nature of hardware standards during the shift to .

Design Evolution Across Versions

The Windows key's design originated with an offset flag-like logo on early keyboards introduced alongside , featuring a stylized waving banner that echoed the operating system's vibrant, dynamic aesthetic during the 1995–2003 period. This emblem was positioned to the left on standard layouts, emphasizing simplicity and brand recognition on PS/2-connected devices prevalent at the time. In 2007, coinciding with , updated the guidelines to mandate a centered orb design within a chamfered square for new keyboards, recessing the four-pane window logo to create a glowing, three-dimensional effect that aligned with Vista's interface and enhanced visual depth. This change required manufacturers to incorporate the new emblem on certified hardware, promoting uniformity across devices transitioning to USB connectivity. From 2012 to 2015, with and 8.1, the key adopted a trapezoid-shaped to evoke a in , adapting the four squares into an for better fit on touch-friendly keyboards while relaxing requirements in 8.1 to accommodate diverse form factors like tablets. This iteration reflected design principles, prioritizing flat aesthetics and scalability for hybrid devices. Since 2015, encompassing and 11, the design simplified to four equal squares with rounded edges and higher contrast ratios, improving accessibility and legibility on modern displays while mirroring the evolved branding. This version emphasizes , with the logo centered and devoid of for broader compatibility across ergonomic and compact keyboards. Technically, the Windows key evolved from PS/2 scan codes—where the left key used make code E0 5B and break E0 F0 DB, and the right used E0 5C and E0 F0 DC—to USB HID usage IDs 0xE3 (left GUI) and 0xE7 (right GUI) in the usage page (0x07), facilitating seamless in extended keyboards with variants since the 1994 Natural Keyboard. These mappings, defined in Microsoft's HID specifications, ensured as USB supplanted PS/2 in the early 2000s, with virtual key codes VK_LWIN (0x5B) and VK_RWIN (0x5C) standardizing OS recognition.

Intellectual Property

Trademark Protection

The Windows key logo, featuring the distinctive four-pane window design commonly referred to as the Windows Flag, has been registered as a by with the and Office (USPTO). The registration, numbered 1,816,354, was issued on January 11, 1994, for use in association with computers and related software, establishing early legal protection for the symbol's appearance on hardware including keyboards. This trademark safeguards the key's visual identity against unauthorized reproduction or modification on physical keyboards and compatible devices, aiming to prevent consumer confusion regarding Microsoft-endorsed products. The scope encompasses both the exact and variations that might dilute its distinctiveness, ensuring that only licensed manufacturers can incorporate the design without risking infringement claims. Microsoft has actively enforced these protections through litigation, including a notable 2000 federal lawsuit against third-party distributor Compusource Distributors, Inc., where the company alleged infringement of the Windows Flag logo alongside other marks in the distribution of unauthorized software and hardware. Such actions, often targeting pre-2000 violations involving counterfeit or unlicensed peripherals, underscore Microsoft's commitment to maintaining brand integrity against hardware vendors. On the international front, has secured trademark registrations for the Windows logo in numerous countries, leveraging systems like the to extend protection across borders while allowing adaptations for local standards, such as the (JIS) layout that repositions keys without altering the core logo design. This global strategy ensures consistent branding and deters cross-border counterfeiting of the key's appearance.

Design and Licensing Guidelines

Microsoft has imposed specific certification requirements on hardware manufacturers for incorporating the Windows key since the introduction of the "Designed for " logo program in 1995, recommending the inclusion of the Windows key on keyboards to achieve certification and display the . These requirements were updated in for the "Designed for " logo, emphasizing that the Windows logo key must function as a standard similar to Ctrl, Shift, or , with the Windows flag clearly visible and distinguished on the key top. Further refinements occurred in 2007 with the Windows Vista logo program, introducing aesthetic guidelines for the key design to align with the updated Windows branding, including a recessed Windows logo within a chamfered square shape featuring a curved bottom edge. Design specifications for the Windows key include placement adjacent to the Ctrl and keys on the bottom row and a requirement for the official Windows flag to be clearly visible and distinguished on the key top. These specs ensure the key integrates seamlessly into standard keyboard layouts while upholding trademark integrity. The licensing process requires manufacturers to submit keyboard prototypes for approval through the Microsoft Hardware Dev Center, where they undergo review for compliance with design and functionality standards; successful certification involves associated fees and periodic audits to verify ongoing adherence for products bearing the "Designed for Windows" designation.

Usage in Microsoft Windows

Windows 95 and Windows NT 4.0

The Windows key received its first full software integration in , where pressing the key alone opened the , providing quick access to programs, settings, and system tools. This integration marked a shift toward dedicated hardware-software synergy, with the operating system recognizing the key's unique scan codes—E0 5B for the left Windows key make and E0 5C for the right—to trigger the menu without requiring additional modifiers like Ctrl+Esc. Early implementations also introduced foundational shortcuts such as Windows key + E to launch Windows Explorer for file navigation and Windows key + R to open the Run dialog for executing commands or launching applications directly. Windows NT 4.0, released shortly after and sharing the same user interface shell, provided identical core support for the Windows key, including the activation and the aforementioned Explorer and Run shortcuts. Tailored primarily for and environments, NT 4.0 emphasized stability over consumer-oriented conveniences, omitting features like automatic customization or enhanced integration found in the retail editions, though basic window minimization via Windows key + M remained available to clear the desktop. This server-focused design ensured reliable operation in networked enterprise settings but prioritized resource efficiency over desktop polish. A key limitation in both systems was the lack of functional distinction between the left and right Windows keys; despite separate scan codes, the operating system treated them interchangeably for all shortcuts to simplify input handling and maintain consistency across hardware variations. Additionally, these hotkeys were reserved exclusively by the to avoid conflicts with third-party applications, preventing developers from reassigning them and ensuring reliable OS-level access. Adoption of the Windows key in these early versions hinged on compatible hardware, as full functionality required keyboards bearing the "Designed for Windows 95" logo or equivalent Plug and Play identifiers like PNP0307 for Microsoft Windows keyboards; non-OEM hardware often necessitated additional drivers from Microsoft or the manufacturer to enable recognition and shortcut support.

Windows 2000 and Windows XP

In , enhanced support for the Windows key through improved driver compatibility, particularly for USB keyboards, which allowed for more reliable recognition of both left and right Windows keys in professional and server environments. This refinement in scan code handling ensured consistent input processing across diverse hardware setups, addressing earlier limitations in USB device integration. A notable addition was the Win + L shortcut, which locked the to enhance in business settings, providing quick access to the without navigating menus. Windows 2000 maintained consistent Start menu access via the Windows key, featuring cascading submenus for programs and administrative tools, which supported efficient navigation in network and server-oriented workflows. These features catered to its primary target of business and power users, replacing with a focus on enterprise reliability rather than consumer multimedia. Building on these foundations, Windows XP expanded Windows key functionality in its consumer editions, introducing refined shortcuts such as Win + F to launch the Search tool for files and folders, streamlining . Additionally, Win + Pause/Break directly opened the Properties dialog, offering immediate access to configuration settings like hardware and performance options. Integration with the was improved, allowing the Windows key to invoke context-sensitive actions, such as right-click equivalents for pinned items, enhancing desktop productivity. Shared across both versions, the Windows key provided reliable Start menu invocation with cascading menus for organized access to applications and settings, without a major visual redesign but with optimized handling for emerging USB peripherals. This era emphasized Windows 2000's role in professional network and server applications, while shifted toward consumer multimedia experiences, incorporating features like enhanced media playback integration in standard editions.

Windows XP Media Center Edition

Windows XP Media Center Edition, released in 2002 and updated through 2005, extended the Windows key's functionality to support the edition's focus on home entertainment and media management, distinguishing it from standard by integrating keyboard inputs with TV-centric features. The primary specialized use involved launching the Media Center interface, a full-screen application for accessing recorded TV, music, photos, and online content via a optimized for remote or keyboard navigation from a distance. Specifically, the combination of the Windows logo key + Alt + Enter starts or returns to its main menu, enabling seamless transitions between the desktop and media modes without relying solely on mouse input.) This edition emphasized synergy with infrared remote controls, such as Microsoft's own Remote device, which incorporated the Windows key as a modifier to replicate remote signals for TV tuner and (DVR) operations. For example, the Windows key combinations complemented remote buttons by facilitating playback controls, like pausing or skipping in live TV or recorded shows, through keyboard equivalents that mirrored the remote's commands for enhanced couch-based usability. Unique bindings in Media Center Edition allowed the Windows key to integrate with infrared remotes by simulating guide functions for Electronic Program Guide (EPG) navigation, where pressing relevant key combinations accessed program listings and scheduling directly, supporting the edition's DVR capabilities for broadcast TV recording. These features were tailored for media PCs equipped with TV tuners, promoting a unified input system across keyboard and remote hardware. However, these Windows key enhancements were exclusive to the Media Center Edition and unavailable in core installations, requiring specific OEM hardware and software licensing. The edition's media-specific key mappings were largely phased out with the transition to in 2007, where Media Center became a standard feature with updated input handling.)

Windows Vista and Windows 7

In , the Windows key introduced several enhancements tied to the visual interface, emphasizing three-dimensional window management and integrated search capabilities. The Win + Tab combination activated Flip , a feature that displayed open windows in a stacked, rotatable carousel, allowing users to navigate between applications using or the mouse wheel for a more immersive task-switching experience. Additionally, pressing Win + E opened Windows Explorer with an integrated search pane, enabling instant file and folder queries directly within the interface, which streamlined content discovery compared to prior versions. Another notable shortcut, Win + G, brought the Windows Sidebar to the foreground and cycled focus among installed gadgets, facilitating quick access to desktop widgets like clocks, weather updates, or news feeds without minimizing other windows. Building on Vista's foundation, Windows 7 refined these Aero-era shortcuts with improved productivity tools for window arrangement and display management. The Win + Spacebar invoked , temporarily revealing the by making all windows transparent, which aided in previewing files or gadgets beneath overlapping applications. For multitasking, Win + Arrow keys enabled , automatically resizing and positioning the active window to fill half the screen (left or right), maximize it (up), or minimize/restore it (down), promoting efficient side-by-side workflows. Similarly, Win + P cycled through projection modes for external displays, such as duplicating, extending, or using only the secondary screen, simplifying setups for presentations or dual-monitor use. Both operating systems shared accessibility improvements via the , with Win + U opening the Ease of Access Center to configure features like Magnifier, Narrator, or on-screen keyboard for users with disabilities. In configurations, these systems offered better handling of key combinations; for instance, Win + Shift + Arrow moved the active between screens, ensuring seamless navigation without manual dragging. This era's shortcuts were optimized for the , providing fluid visual feedback across displays while maintaining performance on compatible hardware.

Windows 8 and 8.1

In , released in 2012, the Windows key underwent significant adaptations to support the operating system's shift toward a touch-first, that blended traditional desktop functionality with the new full-screen and Modern UI apps. Pressing the Windows key alone now opened the Start screen, serving as the central hub for launching applications and accessing system features, a departure from its prior role in summoning the . This change positioned the key as a primary toggle between the Start screen and the , facilitating seamless navigation in hybrid devices like tablets and convertibles. Several new keyboard shortcuts leveraging the Windows key were introduced to enhance productivity in this touch-oriented paradigm. For instance, Windows key + C opened the Charms bar, a sidebar providing quick access to core functions such as Search, Share, Start, Devices, and Settings, which was particularly useful for touch users swiping from the screen edge. Similarly, Windows key + I directly accessed the Settings charm for adjusting display, volume, and network options, while Windows key + captured and automatically saved a full-screen to the Pictures folder. A standout feature was app snapping for side-by-side multitasking, enabled by Windows key + . (period), which resized the active app to occupy half the screen and prompted selection of a second app for the remaining space, building on earlier snapping concepts but optimized for the wider aspect ratios of touch devices. To accommodate touch-centric hardware, imposed specific certification requirements for tablets, mandating a physical Windows key centered on the below the screen for intuitive access in or landscape orientations, alongside buttons for power, rotation lock, and volume controls. This placement ensured the key remained easily reachable without obstructing the display, aligning with the era's emphasis on mobile-hybrid computing. Windows 8.1, released in 2013, refined these features in response to user feedback, restoring a functional Start button to the taskbar while retaining the Windows key's central role in UI navigation. Pressing the Windows key continued to open the Start screen but now offered quicker toggling back to the via the button, improving workflow for keyboard-and-mouse users. New shortcuts included Windows key + O to toggle orientation lock on touch devices, preventing unwanted screen rotations during mobile use, and Windows key + S to launch an enhanced Search function that integrated for web, app, and file queries directly from the . These updates emphasized the Windows key's versatility in bridging touch and traditional inputs during the 2012-2014 transition to hybrid devices.

Windows 10

In , the Windows key was enhanced to support greater productivity through features like and virtual desktops, introduced in the initial release in 2015. Pressing Win + Tab opens , which displays all open windows and virtual desktops for easy switching and management. Users can create new virtual desktops with Win + Ctrl + D, allowing separation of work and personal tasks across multiple isolated environments. Additionally, Win + A accesses the Action Center, a centralized hub for notifications, quick settings toggles like and brightness, and calendar events, debuting in the Creators Update of 2017. For gaming and media consumption, Windows 10 integrated the Game Bar via Win + G, enabling users to record gameplay, take screenshots, and monitor performance overlays without leaving the application, as part of the initial features with expansions in later updates. Screen capture was streamlined with Win + Shift + S, which launches the Snip & Sketch tool (introduced in the October 2018 Update) to select and annotate portions of the screen directly to the clipboard. To facilitate cross-device workflows in the Continuum mode for hybrid devices, Win + K connects to wireless displays or projectors for screen mirroring, supporting seamless transitions between tablet and desktop interfaces since the 2015 launch. The emoji panel, accessible via Win + . (period), provides quick insertion of emojis, symbols, and GIFs in text fields, enhancing communication and debuting in the Anniversary Update of 2016. By 2021, evolutions included integration into (Win + Tab), allowing resumption of previous activities across devices from the April 2018 Update onward, with privacy controls for activity history. , released starting in 2020, further extended Windows key functionality through utilities like FancyZones for advanced window snapping (Win + ` to toggle) and PowerToys Run (Alt + Space for quick launches), offering customizable integrations for power users on Windows 10.

Windows 11

In , pressing the Windows key opens the , which is centered on the by default to provide a more balanced and modern interface compared to previous versions. This design emphasizes quick access to pinned apps, recommended content, and search functionality directly from the center of the screen. Several Windows key combinations facilitate core interactions, such as Win + N to open the , which displays alerts, quick settings, and the calendar in a dedicated flyout panel for efficient multitasking. Similarly, Win + Z activates Layouts, presenting a visual menu of window arrangement options to resize and position apps side-by-side or in quadrants, enhancing productivity on larger displays. For dynamic content access, Win + W launches the Widgets panel, offering customizable cards for weather, news, and stocks tailored to user preferences. From the 2021 release through 2025 updates, additional refinements include advanced snapping options via Win + + to snap a to the top half of the screen or Win + + for the bottom half, allowing finer control over multi-window setups without intervention. The Win + C shortcut, previously used for and later , was retired in mid-2024 to prioritize the dedicated Copilot hardware key on new devices, streamlining access. However, subsequent updates in 2025 reintroduced Win + C for launching Copilot or alternative apps like , configurable via settings. Accessibility features have been enhanced with shortcuts like Win + Ctrl + O to toggle the On-Screen Keyboard, enabling text input via mouse or touch for users with physical limitations. The Magnifier tool, activated by Win + Plus Sign (+), now includes improved zoom controls and lens modes for better readability, with Win + Minus Sign (-) to zoom out and Win + Esc to exit. The Windows 11 version 24H2 update, released in 2024, integrates AI enhancements such as expanded Copilot capabilities for real-time assistance and improved cross-device continuity, allowing users to resume files from or phones directly via the (accessed by Win key) for seamless workflows across devices. This update also bolsters integration in the for notifications and app continuity, reducing friction in multi-device environments.

In Microsoft Office Applications

In Microsoft Office applications, the Windows key enhances productivity by integrating operating system-level shortcuts that function seamlessly within the suite's text input fields and file management workflows. A key example is the combination Windows key + . (period), which launches the Windows emoji panel for inserting emojis, GIFs, kaomoji, and symbols directly into documents. This shortcut operates across Word, Excel, PowerPoint, and Outlook, enabling quick addition of visual elements to enhance communication and presentation content. Introduced with Windows 10 in 2015 and compatible with Office 2016 and later versions, it supports creative expression without disrupting workflow. Office apps also benefit from broader Windows key integrations for file handling, such as Windows key + E, which opens to facilitate rapid document searching, attachment browsing in , or resource linking in Word and PowerPoint. This OS shortcut streamlines navigation between local files and cloud storage like , reducing reliance on in-app menus for external access. In specific applications, the right Windows key—often labeled as the Application key—serves as a contextual shortcut equivalent to Shift + F10, opening right-click menus for actions like formatting cells in Excel or selecting objects in PowerPoint. This provides efficient access to app-specific options without a mouse. For instance, in Excel, it reveals cell editing tools, while in Word, it exposes paragraph and text manipulation commands. Evolutions in have extended Windows key functionality with multi-modifier combinations for hub access. Pressing Windows key + Ctrl + Alt + Shift activates the launcher, granting immediate entry to the app suite, web versions, or integrated services like Teams from within any document. Rolled out around 2019 for and enhanced in subsequent updates, this shortcut centralizes productivity tools for subscribers.

Usage in Other Operating Systems

Linux and Unix-like Systems

In and systems, the Windows key is typically mapped to the (or ) modifier, serving as a primary system key for desktop navigation in graphical environments. In the GNOME desktop environment, commonly used in distributions like and , pressing the Super key alone displays the Activities overview, allowing users to search and launch applications, switch windows, or access workspaces. Similarly, in the KDE Plasma desktop, found in distributions such as and , the Super key opens the Application Launcher for quick access to apps and system search. Common shortcuts leveraging the Super key vary by desktop environment but emphasize efficient workflow. In GNOME-based systems like , examples include Super + A to open the applications grid and Super + Tab to cycle through open windows. For file management, users often customize Super + E to launch the default file manager, such as , mirroring familiar behaviors from other operating systems. In KDE , Super + F1 through Super + F12 can switch virtual desktops, while Super + Tab navigates activities, and Super + E may be set for the file manager. The Super key mapping is highly configurable to suit user preferences or hardware variations. In X11-based sessions, tools like xmodmap allow remapping by identifying keycodes with xev (e.g., Super_L as keycode 115) and editing a ~/.Xmodmap file to reassign modifiers, such as swapping with , then applying changes via xmodmap ~/.Xmodmap for persistence in ~/.xinitrc. Modern desktop environments provide graphical options: users adjust via Settings > Keyboard > Shortcuts > System, while offers System Settings > Shortcuts for reassigning Super-based actions. This flexibility has been a standard feature in major distributions' desktop environments since the mid-2000s, aligning with the proliferation of keyboards featuring the key. In compositors, such as those used by default in recent and sessions, the Super key enables advanced interactions like Super + left mouse drag to move non-maximized windows across the screen, enhancing usability without titlebar reliance. This gesture works seamlessly in Wayland's protocol for improved security and performance over X11. On server editions with graphical interfaces, such as RHEL or Server optionally installed with or , the Super key functions analogously for desktop navigation but is often customized for administrative tasks, like binding Super + combinations to launch tools such as for web-based system management. In headless server setups without a GUI, the key passes through to the console for basic input without modifier-specific behaviors.

macOS

On macOS, when a PC is connected to an Apple computer, the Windows logo key is automatically mapped to function as the (⌘), enabling compatibility with macOS-specific . For instance, pressing the Windows key + C performs the copy operation, equivalent to the standard Command + C . This default behavior ensures that users transitioning from Windows can utilize familiar modifier key patterns without immediate reconfiguration. Users can customize the mapping of modifier keys, including the left and right Windows keys, through the . In > Keyboard > Keyboard Shortcuts > Modifier Keys, options allow swapping the Windows key with the or assigning it to other functions like or , providing flexibility for individual preferences or ergonomic adjustments. In Boot Camp environments, where Windows is installed natively on hardware, a connected PC keyboard retains its standard Windows key functionality, such as opening the with Windows key alone, without macOS interference. For advanced remapping beyond native options, third-party applications like Karabiner-Elements enable complex customizations, such as reassigning the Windows key to emulate other modifiers or application-specific behaviors. macOS does not provide native support for the Super key functionality associated with the Windows key in other ecosystems, treating it solely as a Command equivalent. Similarly, on and devices with external , the Windows key mirrors this mapping to Command, configurable via Settings > General > Keyboard > Hardware Keyboard > Modifier Keys, but lacks distinct Super key recognition.

Chrome OS and Other Platforms

In Chrome OS, the Windows key on external keyboards functions as the equivalent of the native Search or Launcher key, enabling quick access to the launcher and various shortcuts. Pressing the Windows key alone opens the Launcher for searching and launching applications, while combinations such as Windows + L lock the screen and Windows + Alt toggle . This mapping ensures compatibility with standard PC keyboards, allowing users to perform core navigation tasks without hardware-specific keys. On gaming platforms like consoles, the Windows key serves a role similar to the Guide button on controllers, opening the for dashboard access, navigation, and quick actions when using a connected USB or Bluetooth keyboard. In gaming emulators and software running on Windows-based systems, the Windows + G shortcut invokes the for performance monitoring, screen recording, and overlays, providing streamlined control in immersive environments. In other platforms, such as devices with external keyboards, the Windows key acts as the OS or , supporting shortcuts like Windows + to switch input languages and layouts for multilingual typing. Embedded systems based on Windows, including Enterprise, utilize the Windows key for standard administrative access, such as opening the to launch apps or system tools in constrained environments like kiosks or industrial devices. As of 2025, Chrome OS Flex has seen increased adoption for repurposing older PCs and Macs, with over 600 certified devices enabling seamless installation and custom key mappings, including the Windows key to Search/Launcher for enhanced productivity on legacy hardware.

References

  1. [1]
    What is the Windows key (winkey)? | Definition from TechTarget
    Oct 31, 2023 · The Windows key (winkey) is a button on a Windows computer keyboard. It has the Microsoft Windows logo on it, distinguishing it from all other keys.
  2. [2]
    What Is a Windows Key? - Computer Hope
    Jun 1, 2025 · The Windows key is a key found on IBM compatible keyboards used with the Microsoft Windows operating system.
  3. [3]
    Why Do Keyboards Have a Windows Key? Here's Where It Started
    Dec 5, 2020 · It might seem like the Windows key has always been with us, but it hasn't. It first appeared in September 1994 on the Microsoft Natural Keyboard ...
  4. [4]
    A quick look back at the launch of Microsoft's first keyboard ... - Neowin
    Jan 6, 2024 · Microsoft also introduced the Windows key in the Natural Keyboard over a year before the release of Windows 95. The keyboard actually had ...
  5. [5]
    Microsoft Is Bringing Out Its First Computer Keyboard
    Sep 6, 1994 · The Microsoft "Natural Keyboard" has 104 keys, 3 more than standard personal computer keyboards, and will provide short cuts to Microsoft's ...
  6. [6]
    Keyboard shortcuts in Windows - Microsoft Support
    Keyboard shortcuts are keys or combinations of keys that provide an alternative way to do something that you'd typically do with a mouse.Windows keyboard shortcuts · Keyboard shortcuts in apps · Keyboard shortcutsMissing: definition | Show results with:definition
  7. [7]
    Definition of Windows key - PCMag
    A function key found on PC keyboards. When pressed with no other key, the Windows key displays the Start menu/screen.
  8. [8]
    What is the purpose of the right Windows key? [duplicate] - Super User
    Oct 24, 2016 · In a default standard Windows setup the left-key opens the Start-menu and is used in various combinations (E.g left-WIndows-key+R open the Run- ...
  9. [9]
    The General Keyboard Layout on a Laptop - Dummies
    The Win key appears in the bottom row between the Fn and Alt keys; the Context key appears between Alt and Ctrl. Also note the Esc (or Escape) key, found at the ...
  10. [10]
    Microsoft Natural Keyboard (1994) - Xah Lee
    Oct 13, 2016 · The keyboard also introduced the ❖ Window key and ▤ Menu key for the first time, for Microsoft Windows 95.
  11. [11]
    Windows Logo and symbol, meaning, history, PNG, brand
    Sep 26, 2025 · The very first logo was developed in 1985 with the debut version of the program. It was a sky-blue and black image, composed of an emblem and a wordmark on its ...
  12. [12]
    Microsoft lays out Window 8 tablet hardware requirements - CNET
    Jan 17, 2012 · 87. Hardware buttons: Must have five hardware buttons. They are--power, rotation lock, Windows Key, volume up, volume down.<|control11|><|separator|>
  13. [13]
    [PDF] USB HID to PS/2 Scan Code Translation Table
    System Power. 01. 81. E0 5E. E0 DE. E0 37. E0 F0 37. System Sleep. 01. 82. E0 5F. E0 DF. E0 3F. E0 F0 3F. System Wake. 01. 83. E0 63. E0 E3. E0 5E. E0 F0 5E.
  14. [14]
    Windows 95: 30 Years Ago, Software Became Pop Culture Smash
    Aug 24, 2025 · Microsoft's momentous Windows 95 operating system became available to the public on this day 30 years ago.
  15. [15]
    Shortcut for Windows Key - Microsoft Q&A
    Mar 13, 2010 · You can use the Ctrl+Esc key to simulate the Windows Key, however, this does not work with many of the default Windows Key shortcuts.Keyboard without Windows key - Microsoft Q&AI have a Microcost Natural Keyboard -Ready for Windows 95.More results from learn.microsoft.com
  16. [16]
    https://www.webdesignledger.com/fun-history-windows-logo/
  17. [17]
    [PDF] Windows key - Autodesk
    Nov 26, 2013 · On Windows 8 tablet computers, hardware certification requirements dictate that the Windows key is centered on the bezel below the screen ...
  18. [18]
    [DOC] Microsoft Windows Logo Program System and Device Requirements
    ​ The keyboard must be compatible at the Windows virtual key-code level. ​ The Windows Logo key must function as a modifier (Ctrl, Shift, or Alt).<|control11|><|separator|>
  19. [19]
    Redesigning the Windows Logo | Windows Experience Blog
    Feb 17, 2012 · In some ways you can trace the evolution of the Windows logo in parallel with the advancements of the technology used to create logos. From the ...
  20. [20]
    [PDF] Windows Logo Usage Guidelines - Microsoft
    logo symbol. Don't use a stacked logo with symbol on top. Don't fill the four squares with more than one element when using our symbol as a window. Don't ...
  21. [21]
    Virtual-Key Codes (Winuser.h) - Win32 apps | Microsoft Learn
    Oct 16, 2025 · The following table shows the symbolic constant names, hexadecimal values, and mouse or keyboard equivalents for the virtual-key codes used ...Keyboard and Mouse Input · Keyboard Input · Mouse Input · Raw InputMissing: primary | Show results with:primary<|control11|><|separator|>
  22. [22]
    Microsoft Corp. v. Compusource Distributors, Inc., 115 F. Supp. 2d ...
    ... Reg. No. Txu 649-511; (2) Microsoft's Windows 98, U.S. Copyright Reg. No. TX ... 1,816,354 issued January 11, 1994 (WINDOWS FLAG LOGO) for computers ...
  23. [23]
    Trademark and Brand Guidelines | Microsoft Legal
    Follow these trademark and brand guidelines when referring to Microsoft trademarks and the names of Microsoft software, products, and services.Missing: USPTO date four pane
  24. [24]
    [PDF] Hardware Design Guidefor - Bitsavers.org
    "Designed for Windows 95"®10go, they know they'll get Plug and Play, ease of ... Keyboard port requirements differ, depending on what type of keyboard port is.
  25. [25]
    [PDF] Windows Hardware Compatibility Program - Download Center
    ... Keyboard ... requirements for passing the Windows Hardware Compatibility Program.
  26. [26]
    Create a New Hardware Submission - Windows drivers
    Oct 16, 2025 · Create a new hardware submission on the Partner Center hardware dashboard for your Windows tested drivers to obtain certification.Prerequisites · Submit Your New Hardware · Troubleshoot Submission...Missing: key approval licensing
  27. [27]
    Windows Hardware Compatibility Program Specifications and Policies
    Sep 23, 2025 · The specifications define how to build Windows-compatible devices, systems, and filter drivers across all Windows Platforms.Missing: keyboard | Show results with:keyboard
  28. [28]
    Microsoft Windows Keyboard Guide
    Oct 17, 1996 · Keys: ALT+ESC Action: Switches keyboard focus to next application window, including minimized windows on the taskbar. Press ESC more than once ...
  29. [29]
    Windows NT Keyboard Shortcuts - shortcutmania.com
    F1 displays help, Windows logo key opens Start, CTRL+ALT+DELETE opens security, Windows logo key+M minimizes all windows, and Windows logo key+E opens Explorer.
  30. [30]
    Top 10 cool new features of Windows 2000 - ITPro Today
    Effortless device installation - New technology such as USB and IEEE 1394 "Firewire" makes Windows 2000 more expandable with fewer Problems. 5. Plug & Play - ...<|control11|><|separator|>
  31. [31]
    Of Windows Hotkeys and Shortcuts - MCPmag.com
    Sep 28, 2010 · In Windows 95, Microsoft introduced the Windows+E hotkey. You could use this keystroke combination to open My Computer.
  32. [32]
    IT Times, November 1999: Windows 2000: A Review - UC Davis
    Professional is aimed at client machines and is targeted to replace Windows NT Workstation. Windows 2000 Server, Advanced Server, and DataCenter Server will ...
  33. [33]
    Windows XP shortcuts
    Windows XP shortcuts ; + E · Opens My Computer in Windows Explorer ; + Pause/Break, Opens the System Properties dialog box ; + U · Opens the Utility Manager ; + R ...<|control11|><|separator|>
  34. [34]
    Microsoft's Windows XP takes aim at consumers - Computerworld
    Feb 28, 2001 · Windows XP, formerly referred to as Whistler, focuses on consumer features such as multimedia, sports a new user interface that allows for ...Missing: target | Show results with:target
  35. [35]
    Keyboard shortcuts for XP Windows Media Center - IntelliAdmin
    Nov 21, 2006 · Close Media Center, ALT+F4 ; Open Media Center or return to the Media Center Start menu, Windows Key+ALT+ENTER ; Go to the previous channel, PAGE ...
  36. [36]
    [PDF] Microsoft® Remote Keyboard for Windows® XP Media Center ...
    Microsoft Remote Keyboard for Windows XP Media Center Edition v1.0. Keyboard ... Remote Control Keys Life. 600,000 actuation per key. Typing Speed. 1000 ...<|separator|>
  37. [37]
    Microsoft Remote Keyboard for Windows XP review - CNET
    Rating 7/10 · Review by Louis RamirezSep 1, 2005 · The $104.95 Microsoft Remote Keyboard for Windows XP Media Center Edition is a multimedia trinity, combining the best features of a keyboard, a mouse, and a ...
  38. [38]
    [PDF] Microsoft Windows XP Media Center Edition 2005 Software Guide
    Open specific windows in Media Center by using the shortcut buttons on the remote control. □. Communicate with your friends and family by using instant ...<|control11|><|separator|>
  39. [39]
    [PDF] Using Windows Vista® - Microsoft Download Center
    Use the Windows logo key (sometimes called “Start”)+TAB key to open the 3-D view, then flip through open windows by using arrow keys or the scroll wheel on your ...
  40. [40]
    Windows Vista - Intro to Search - Microsoft Community Hub
    May 1, 2007 · To search for files in Windows Vista, search from the Start Menu or open a Windows Explorer window and open the Search Pane.
  41. [41]
    Gadgets for Windows Sidebar Accessibility and Localization
    May 30, 2018 · Windows logo key+G brings the Sidebar to the foreground and sets focus to an installed gadget. Repeating this key combination causes focus ...
  42. [42]
    [PDF] Navigate Windows and Folders - Microsoft Download Center
    This new feature is called Aero Peek. Keyboard Shortcut You can peek at the desktop by pressing Windows logo key+Spacebar. The effect of pointing to the ...
  43. [43]
    Tips and tricks: Window Management – Aero Snapping
    Nov 5, 2009 · Dock to Screen Right. Windows + Right Arrow. (This command can also be used to cycle through the various docked states across multiple monitors).
  44. [44]
    Presentation Display Mode On Windows 7 Desktop - Can It Be ...
    Sep 18, 2012 · On Windows 7 the Presentation Display Mode (Windows Logo Key + P) can be used to cycle between four choices: Computer Only; Duplicate; ...Missing: Win + | Show results with:Win +
  45. [45]
    My on-screen keyboard is not working in Windows 7 - 32 bit.....
    Feb 28, 2011 · Press the Win + U keys together to launch the Ease of Access Center. Then click on "Use the Computer without a mouse or keyboard" (most ...
  46. [46]
    Keyboard shortcut to move a window between two monitors instead of
    Aug 31, 2010 · Press and hold the Windows Key then add and hold the SHIFT key. While keeping those two pressed hit the left or right arrow key to move the current active ...Missing: Vista | Show results with:Vista
  47. [47]
    Aero Glass: Create Special Effects With The Desktop Window ...
    Other new features in Windows Vista-available because of a compositing desktop-are the new Windows Flip (Alt+Tab) and Flip 3D (Alt+Windows Key) task switchers.Missing: shortcuts | Show results with:shortcuts
  48. [48]
    [PDF] Keyboard Shortcuts in Windows 8 - Microsoft Download Center
    Many of these shortcuts combine the Windows logo key ( ) with one or two other keys to initiate a command. For example, users can access the five “charms”—.
  49. [49]
    Windows 8 on the desktop—an awkward hybrid - Ars Technica
    Apr 24, 2012 · The hybrid operating system pairs a new GUI concept, the touch-friendly Metro interface, to the traditional windows, icons, menus, and pointer ...
  50. [50]
    Windows 8.1: Microsoft confirms Start button's return and desktop ...
    May 30, 2013 · It's official: the Start button is coming back to the Windows desktop ... sorta ... This includes display resolution, power options, viewing the ...
  51. [51]
    Screen AutoRotation - Lock or Unlock in Windows 8
    Aug 31, 2013 · Lock or Unlock Screen AutoRotation using Keyboard Shortcut. 1. Press the Win + O (letter) keys to toggle to lock or unlock autorotation.
  52. [52]
    Introducing Windows 8.1: How Does Search Work & How to Use It?
    Sep 29, 2025 · If you are on the Desktop or you want to display the Search charm first, press Windows + S on your keyboard or flick from the right side of the ...
  53. [53]
    Keyboard shortcuts in apps - Microsoft Support
    Keyboard shortcuts are keys or key combinations that provide another way to do something, often shown in tooltips or by pressing Alt or F10.Missing: XP | Show results with:XP
  54. [54]
    Use Snipping Tool to capture screenshots - Microsoft Support
    Press Windows logo key + Shift + S to open the snipping tool overlay to capture an image snapshot. Press Windows logo key + Shift + R to open the snipping tool ...
  55. [55]
    Screen mirroring and projecting to your PC or wireless display
    On the Display settings page, under Multiple displays, select Connect to a wireless display, then select Connect.
  56. [56]
    Windows keyboard tips and tricks - Microsoft Support
    Windows key + R. Opens the Run command. ; Windows key + S. Opens Search. ; Windows key + E. Opens File Explorer. ; Alt+ Tab. Opens Task Switcher, moving forward ...Missing: primary | Show results with:primary
  57. [57]
    Get Help With Timeline - Microsoft Support
    To get started with timeline, select Task View on the taskbar, or press Windows logo key + Tab, and select an activity. How do I ...
  58. [58]
    Microsoft PowerToys - Windows Utilities for Power Users
    Sep 22, 2025 · Keyboard Manager allows you to customize the keyboard to be more productive by remapping keys and creating your own keyboard shortcuts.Install PowerToys · Keyboard Manager · Windows key shortcut guide · Text Extractor
  59. [59]
    Customize the Windows Start Menu - Microsoft Support
    Open the Start menu by selecting the Start button · Position your cursor on the top or side border of the Start menu until it changes to a double-headed arrow.
  60. [60]
    After recent update 2024 version 24H2, the key for copilot is not ...
    Jun 1, 2024 · We are retiring the WIN + C keyboard shortcut. For new devices that ship with a Copilot key, this key will open Copilot.
  61. [61]
    You can now open ChatGPT on Windows 11 with Win+C (if you ...
    Jun 2, 2025 · Open Windows Settings > Personalisation and go to the Text input page, you can switch the Win+C key to open ChatGPT.
  62. [62]
    Windows keyboard shortcuts for accessibility - Microsoft Support
    The following is a list of keyboard shortcuts for assistive technologies in Windows 11, including Magnifier, high contrast, and others.Missing: primary | Show results with:primary
  63. [63]
    Windows news you can use: June 2025 - Windows IT Pro Blog
    Jun 30, 2025 · [CROSS DEVICE RESUME]​​​[24H2]​ Resume working on OneDrive files from your phone (Android and iOS) on your Windows 11 PC with a single click.
  64. [64]
    What's new in Windows 11, version 24H2 for IT pros | Microsoft Learn
    May 23, 2025 · Windows 11, version 24H2 is a feature update for Windows 11. It includes all features and fixes in previous cumulative updates to Windows 11, version 23H2.Features Exclusive To... · Features Added To Windows 11... · Server Message Block (smb)...
  65. [65]
    Add flair to your email with emojis - Microsoft Support
    Put your cursor where you want the emoji. · Hold Outlook Windows icon Windows key + . (period) to open the Windows Emoji picker. · Select a symbol to insert it in ...
  66. [66]
    Keyboard shortcuts in Excel - Microsoft Support
    Open a context menu. Shift+F10. Or, on a Windows keyboard, the Windows Menu key (usually between the Alt Gr and right Ctrl keys).
  67. [67]
    Keyboard shortcuts in Word - Microsoft Support
    Center the text. Ctrl+E. Align the text to the left. Ctrl+L. Align the text to the right. Ctrl+R. Cancel a command. Esc. Undo the previous action. Ctrl+Z. Redo ...
  68. [68]
    Keyboard shortcuts in Microsoft 365
    In this article, you can find links to the keyboard shortcut articles for most Microsoft 365 apps.
  69. [69]
    https://help.gnome.org/users/gnome-help/stable/keyboard-key-super.html.en
  70. [70]
    Change the behavior of the modifier keys on Mac - Apple Support
    On your Mac, choose Apple menu > System Settings, then click Keyboard in the sidebar. · Click Keyboard Shortcuts, then click Modifier Keys in the sidebar.
  71. [71]
    Install Windows 10 on your Mac with Boot Camp Assistant
    Apr 15, 2024 · With Boot Camp, you can install Microsoft Windows 10 on your Intel-based Mac, then switch between macOS and Windows when restarting your Mac.Restart your Mac in macOS or... · Identify your MacBook model
  72. [72]
    Karabiner-Elements
    Karabiner-Elements. A powerful and stable keyboard customizer for macOS. Download v15.6.0Karabiner-Elements... · Change a key to another key · Karabiner Configuration...
  73. [73]
    Use shortcuts on an Apple external keyboard with iPad
    Go to Settings > General > Keyboard > Hardware Keyboard, tap Modifier Keys, tap a key, then choose the action you want it to perform. To use additional keyboard ...
  74. [74]
    Chromebook keyboard shortcuts - Google Help
    On your Chromebook, at the bottom right, select the time. · Select Settings . · Under “Device,” select Keyboard and inputs and then View keyboard shortcuts.
  75. [75]
    Use your Chromebook keyboard - Google Help
    Under “Built-in keyboard,” select Remap keyboard keys. For the keys listed under “Remap keyboard keys,” choose an action you want it to perform. Alt + key ...
  76. [76]
    List of Xbox One mouse and keyboard controls and shortcuts
    Nov 5, 2021 · Keyboard Shortcut. Open the guide, Windows key. Select, Space / Enter. Back, Escape / Windows key + Backspace. Up, Up arrow. Down, Down arrow.
  77. [77]
    Navigate with a mouse and keyboard - Xbox Support
    Learn how to configure your wired USB mouse and keyboard, and how to use keyboard shortcuts on Xbox and Windows devices.
  78. [78]
    How to change the (physical) keyboard language in android ...
    Apr 17, 2016 · Use Ctrl+Space to switch languages. (If not working, try Shift+Space , Win+Space , Alt+Space , Ctrl+Shift and so on ). Tested on tablet on ...
  79. [79]
    New Year, New OS. Supporting your business with ChromeOS Flex
    Jan 25, 2025 · And going into 2025, we've certified over 600 devices to work effortlessly with ChromeOS Flex, ensuring that almost every business can benefit ...Missing: adoption | Show results with:adoption