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Bad

Bad or BAD may refer to common linguistic meanings, various acronyms, entries (including films, television, music performers, albums, songs), places (particularly and elsewhere), transport (such as ships), and other uses in science, technology, and miscellaneous contexts. For detailed senses, see the relevant sections below.

Language

Common meanings

In English, "bad" functions primarily as an denoting inferiority or inadequacy in quality, such as something below standard or poor, unfavorable, or spoiled and rotten. It also conveys moral defectiveness, describing actions or individuals as , , or vicious. These core senses emerged in around the 13th century as "badde," replacing earlier terms like "evil" as the standard opposite of "good" by about 1700. A related usage pertains to physical or emotional , where "bad" indicates illness, pain, distress, or unhealthiness, as in feeling bad after an illness or having . The word's remains obscure but is likely linked to bæddel, an unattested term inferred from bædling meaning "effeminate man," "," or "pederast," derived from bædan ("to defile"); this suggests early connotations of moral or social corruption flourishing in vulgar speech before literary adoption. In slang, particularly within (AAVE), "bad" ironically signifies excellence, skill, toughness, or admirability, as in "that's bad" meaning impressive or superior. This reversal originated in 19th-century Black American speech, with the citing an 1890 example of "bad" praising a tough individual, and it spread through West African linguistic influences where "bad" could denote intensity or goodness. The usage gained traction in 1920s jazz subculture among Black musicians, who repurposed it to affirm style and prowess amid marginalization, evolving further in and . By the 1980s, it permeated mainstream pop culture, notably through Michael Jackson's 1987 album and song "Bad," which celebrated bold confidence. "Bad" appears in several idiomatic expressions unique to English. "Bad blood" refers to enmity or lasting resentment between people or groups, rooted in 17th-century notions of "breeding bad blood" to incite hard feelings, as in medical and folk beliefs linking blood to emotions and temperament. Similarly, "in a bad way" describes being in poor health, serious trouble, or a dire state, a 19th-century development emphasizing vulnerability tied to the word's core sense of defect or distress, without direct Old English attestation beyond the root bæddel.

Acronyms

The acronym BAD refers to several organizations, technical terms, and historical abbreviations across various fields. In , BAD stands for the British Association of Dermatologists, a professional membership organization founded in 1920 to advance the practice, teaching, training, and research of in the . It represents over 2,400 dermatologists and produces clinical guidelines, patient information resources, and hosts annual meetings to promote skin health standards. In , BAD denotes Bcl-2-associated death promoter, a pro-apoptotic BH3-only protein in the that promotes by binding to and inhibiting anti-apoptotic proteins like , , and Bcl-W. This interaction displaces pro-survival factors, lowering the threshold for in response to cellular stress signals such as deprivation. BAD is encoded by the BAD on human and plays a key role in regulating mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization during . Historically in military contexts, BAD abbreviates Base Ammunition Depot, a logistical facility used by the British Army during World War II to store and distribute ammunition supplies near operational areas. These depots, such as those established in France from 1939 to 1940 under the Royal Army Ordnance Corps, supported frontline units by managing munitions stockpiles and ensuring rapid resupply amid combat demands. The term persisted in post-war military usage, including in Commonwealth forces.

Arts and entertainment

Films

Bad (1987 short film) The short film Bad, released in 1987, is an 18-minute music video directed by Martin Scorsese and starring Michael Jackson as a young man named Darryl who returns to his tough New York neighborhood after attending a private school, only to face pressure from old friends to join a criminal act. The narrative explores themes of urban violence, peer pressure, and identity, with Jackson portraying a vigilante-like figure defending against antagonists including a young Wesley Snipes. Produced as part of the promotion for Jackson's album Bad, the film premiered on CBS in a prime-time special and was nominated for MTV awards, blending crime drama elements with choreography. Land of Bad (2024) Land of Bad is a 2024 American action thriller directed by William Eubank, who co-wrote the screenplay with David Frigerio. The film follows a U.S. Air Force drone pilot, Captain Eddie "Reaper" Grimm (Russell Crowe), who provides remote support to a Delta Force team led by Sergeant JJ Kinney (Liam Hemsworth) during a high-risk extraction mission in the Philippines that goes awry, leading to intense survival scenarios amid enemy territory. Featuring supporting performances by Luke Hemsworth, Milo Ventimiglia, and Ricky Whittle, it emphasizes modern warfare's reliance on technology and the psychological toll on operators, grossing over $6 million worldwide at the box office upon its February theatrical release. Critics noted its tense pacing and Crowe's commanding presence, though some critiqued the formulaic plot. Bad Man (2025) Bad Man, a 2025 American directed by Michael Diliberti, stars as Bobby Gaines, a bumbling in rural who teams up with a fugitive () to dismantle a local meth operation after a drug-related disrupts their small town. Co-written by Diliberti and JJ Nelson, the film incorporates buddy-cop tropes with Southern humor, featuring a supporting cast including , , and , and was released in theaters in September 2025 by . It highlights themes of mistaken identity and unlikely alliances, with Scott's comedic timing drawing comparisons to his American Pie roles, though reviews were mixed on its execution and stereotypical elements.

Television

Breaking Bad is an American crime drama television series created by that premiered on on January 20, 2008, and concluded on September 29, 2013, after five seasons and 62 episodes. The series stars as , a high school chemistry teacher diagnosed with terminal who turns to manufacturing and distributing with his former student () to provide for his family. Widely regarded as one of the greatest television series of all time, it received universal acclaim for its writing, direction, acting, and cinematography, winning 16 , including two for Outstanding Drama Series. Bad Sisters is an Irish black comedy crime drama series created by Sharon Horgan, Dave Finkel, and , based on the Belgian series . It premiered on Apple TV+ on August 19, 2022, with the first season consisting of 10 episodes. The show follows four sisters—Eva (), Ursula (), Bibi (), and Becka ()—who become suspects in the death of their abusive brother-in-law John Paul (). The series explores themes of female and revenge, earning praise for its sharp writing and ensemble performances, and was renewed for a second season in December 2023. Season 2 premiered on November 13, 2024. Bad Education is a British sitcom created and written by , which aired on from 2012 to 2014 for three seasons before a revival on in 2022. stars as Wickers, an immature and inept teacher at the fictional Abbey Grove School, navigating the chaos of teaching a class of unruly students. The series is known for its crude humor and satirical take on the British education system, with the 2022 special achieving high viewership on the streaming platform. is a South Korean action crime thriller series directed by Yoo Sun-dong, starring as Ryu Soo-yeol, a corrupt whose life is disrupted by the emergence of a vigilante alter ego named K. It aired on tvN from December 18, 2021, to January 8, 2022, for 12 episodes and was later released internationally on . The series blends high-octane action with themes of justice and morality, receiving positive reviews for its dynamic plot and performances, and topping ratings in its time slot. Bad Monkey is an American crime drama series created by Bill Lawrence, based on Carl Hiaasen's 2013 novel. It premiered on Apple TV+ on August 14, 2024, with 10 episodes in its first season, starring as Yancy, a demoted cop turned food inspector investigating a severed arm found in the . The show features a including , , and , and was renewed for a second season in December 2024 for its witty script and tropical setting. Several television episodes bear the title "Bad," often serving as pivotal moments in their respective series. In The Good Wife (season 1, episode 13, aired February 2, 2010), written by and directed by Alex Zakrzewski, () defends a man acquitted of murdering his wife in a civil amid her husband Peter's trial, highlighting ethical dilemmas in the legal system. The Bad (2014– ) is an American web series created by Jordan C. Hunt, consisting of short comedic episodes following a hapless garage band of oblivious musicians struggling to achieve success. Released on platforms like , it ran for one season of six episodes, praised for its absurd humor and low-budget charm. As of November 2025, no major animated series titled simply "Bad" has emerged as notably prominent on streaming platforms, though short-form satirical content exploring themes of poor decision-making appears sporadically on YouTube, often in anthology formats without widespread critical recognition.

Music

Performers

Bad Meets Evil is an American hip-hop duo composed of rappers Eminem and Royce da 5'9". Formed in 1997, the group gained initial recognition through their appearance on Eminem's 1999 Slim Shady LP track "Bad Meets Evil," which showcased their dark, aggressive lyrical style influenced by Detroit's underground scene. The duo reunited in 2010, releasing the EP Hell: The Sequel in 2011, which topped the US Billboard 200 chart and featured collaborations with artists like Bruno Mars and Slaughterhouse, selling over 170,000 copies in its first week. Their partnership emphasizes intricate wordplay and storytelling, with Royce da 5'9" (real name Ryan Daniel Montgomery) bringing technical precision to complement Eminem's (Marshall Mathers) mainstream appeal, though they have remained sporadic collaborators since the EP's success. Bad Azz was an American rapper known for his contributions to gangsta rap. Born Jamarr Antonio Stamps on November 27, 1975, in , he rose to prominence as a member of the and through associations with and . His debut solo album, Word on tha Streets, released in 1998 on , peaked at number 56 on the US Billboard R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart and featured production from DJ Battlecat, blending beats with street narratives on tracks like "A Doggz Day Afternoon." Bad Azz released several subsequent albums, including The Lost Tapes (2019), before his death on November 11, 2019, at age 43 while in custody in .

Albums

Bad is the seventh studio album by American singer-songwriter Michael Jackson, released on August 31, 1987, by Epic Records. Written and recorded from 1985 to 1987, it marked Jackson's third and final collaboration with producer Quincy Jones and served as a follow-up to the record-breaking Thriller (1982). The album features a mix of pop, R&B, and funk tracks, emphasizing Jackson's vocal range and dance-oriented style, with contributions from guest artists like Stevie Wonder and Siedah Garrett. The standard edition of Bad contains 11 tracks:
  • "Bad"
  • "The Way You Make Me Feel"
  • "Speed Demon"
  • "Liberian Girl"
  • "Just Good Friends" (featuring Stevie Wonder)
  • "Another Part of Me"
  • "Man in the Mirror"
  • "I Just Can't Stop Loving You" (duet with Siedah Garrett)
  • "Dirty Diana"
  • "Smooth Criminal"
  • "Leave Me Alone"
Commercially, Bad was a massive success, becoming one of the best-selling albums of all time with over 45 million copies sold worldwide. In the United States, it has been certified 11× Platinum by the RIAA, representing 11 million units shipped as of August 2021. The album topped the Billboard 200 for two weeks and spawned five consecutive number-one singles on the Billboard Hot 100—"I Just Can't Stop Loving You," "Bad," "The Way You Make Me Feel," "Man in the Mirror," and "Dirty Diana"—a record at the time. Its enduring popularity has been boosted by reissues, including the 25th anniversary edition in 2012 and ongoing streaming, contributing to Michael Jackson's posthumous sales exceeding 1 million album units in the US alone during 2025 as of October 2025. Another notable album titled is the fifth studio release by American rapper , issued on August 27, 1996, by EastWest Records. Produced primarily by Rashad Smith and Big Shiz, it represents a shift toward a more commercial, soul-infused sound while retaining Lyte's lyrical prowess on themes of relationships, industry struggles, and empowerment. The album includes collaborations with artists such as Xscape, , and the ' Michel. The track listing for comprises 11 songs: It achieved moderate commercial success, peaking at number 59 on the and number 11 on the Top R&B/ Albums chart, selling approximately 500,000 copies in the . The lead single "" reached number 35 on the , highlighting Lyte's crossover appeal in the mid-1990s landscape. Other albums titled Bad exist from lesser-known artists, such as compilations or niche releases from the and , but none have achieved comparable prominence or sales impact. No major studio albums simply titled Bad were released in 2025; releases from artists like , including DeBÍ TiRAR MÁs FOTOS on January 5, 2025, are unrelated to the title despite the similar artist moniker.

Songs

"Bad" is a 1987 single by Michael Jackson from his album of the same name, written by Jackson and produced by Quincy Jones. The song's lyrics portray a narrative of street justice and toughness, with Jackson warning a former friend against returning to a life of crime, emphasizing themes of redemption and confrontation. It peaked at number one on the Billboard Hot 100 chart for two weeks in October 1987, becoming one of five number-one singles from the Bad album. The accompanying music video, an 18-minute short film directed by Martin Scorsese, depicts Jackson as a homecoming student defending himself in a New York subway, featuring choreography by Jeffrey Daniel and cameo appearances by actors like Wesley Snipes. "Bad", a 1984 track by U2 from their album The Unforgettable Fire, explores the theme of heroin addiction through Bono's lyrics, which plead for intervention in a loved one's destructive spiral, with lines like "If I could throw this, just throw this away." Though not released as a commercial single, the song gained prominence through live performances, including an extended 8-minute rendition at the 1985 Live Aid concert that incorporated elements of "Psalm 40" and "Walk on the Wild Side." Its 1987 live versions, such as during the Joshua Tree Tour, further highlighted its emotional depth and became fan favorites for Bono's improvisational vocals. "Bad" is a song by the Irish rock band U2, released as the seventh track on their 1984 album The Unforgettable Fire. The track is an example of alternative rock, featuring atmospheric production and lyrics addressing themes of addiction and personal struggle, with Bono's vocals building to an emotive climax during live performances. It was later included on the 1998 compilation The Best of 1980–1990 & B-Sides, highlighting its status as a fan-favorite deep cut rather than a commercial single. In 2014, French DJ collaborated with Dutch EDM duo and Australian singer Vassy on "Bad", an electro-house track with lyrics critiquing insincere relationships through repetitive hooks like "You're so bad, so bad." Released as a single, it achieved significant success in , topping charts in and while reaching number 22 on the . In the US, it peaked at number 11 on the Hot Dance/Electronic Songs chart, underscoring its impact in the EDM scene. Irish folk musician Luka Bloom recorded a cover of U2's "Bad" for his 2000 tribute album Keeper of the Flame, reinterpreting the original's rock intensity with acoustic guitar and subtle strings to emphasize the song's lyrical vulnerability about addiction and loss. Bloom's version strips back the production for a more intimate delivery, aligning with his contemporary folk style and receiving praise for its emotional authenticity. A notable variant is Taylor Swift's "Bad Blood" from her 2014 album 1989, co-written by Swift and Max Martin, with lyrics addressing betrayal in a friendship through metaphors of conflict and irreparable damage. The remix featuring Kendrick Lamar propelled it to number one on the Billboard Hot 100 for one week in June 2015, marking Swift's sixth chart-topper and highlighting its pop-punk influences and commercial dominance.

Other music

In the realm of , the term "Bad" appears in various album tracks from the 1970s era, though no prominent standalone piece by the directly matches this title; however, the band's raw, guitar-driven sound during that decade, as heard on albums like (1970), exemplifies the gritty style associated with such nomenclature. has engaged with the notion of "bad music" through critical and events that explore aesthetic failures or controversial legacies. The 2004 anthology Bad Music: The Music We Love to Hate, edited by J. Washburne and Maiken Derno, examines how classical composers once dismissed as inferior—such as those in the early period—gained canonical status despite initial critiques of their "excessive" emotionalism or structural flaws. The book argues that judgments of "badness" often reflect cultural biases rather than inherent quality, citing examples like the initial scorn for Beethoven's late quartets as overly dissonant. Specific events like the "Bad Composers" festival in , (held around 2022), playfully spotlighted historical figures in with moral controversies, such as George Frideric Handel's ties to the slave trade and Claude Debussy's ambiguous stance in the , while performing their works to provoke discussion on art versus artist. This tongue-in-cheek approach echoes broader critiques in classical circles, where festivals since the have increasingly incorporated thematic explorations of "bad" music to challenge traditional reverence, though no strictly annual "Bad Music Festival" has emerged as a staple. Instrumental works titled or themed around "Bad" appear in film scores and experimental genres. Ennio Morricone's iconic theme for The Good, the Bad and the Ugly (1966), an orchestral piece blending motifs with haunting whistles and , stands as a seminal in cinematic music, influencing countless composers in non-pop genres. In experimental electronic music, tracks like Negative Gemini's "Bad Baby" (2018) fuse and club elements with lo-fi aesthetics, creating disorienting soundscapes that subvert conventional structures. More recent niche releases, such as Ice Pick Experimental Trio's "He Was Bad" (2017), employ improvisation on strings and percussion to evoke unease, aligning with trends in boundary-pushing electronic works that occasionally adopt "Bad" as a provocative title for their abstract explorations. Regarding soundtracks, contributed to the 1987 short film Bad—a Martin Scorsese-directed extension of his —where the title track's funky and rhythmic serve as the core score, blending pop with narrative elements outside traditional contexts. This piece exemplifies how "Bad" functions in musical forms beyond standalone songs.

Places

In

In , the prefix "Bad" (meaning "bath") is commonly used for towns and resorts, reflecting a long tradition of mineral springs, waters, and practices that date back to times and flourished in the as destinations for . These locations often combine natural healing resources with cultural and historical attractions, contributing significantly to regional . 's sector, including destinations, is projected to break records in 2025 with strong growth in visitor numbers driven by domestic and international demand for retreats, though rising energy costs pose ongoing challenges for facilities. Bad Arolsen, located in northern , is a recognized known for its mineral springs and therapeutic baths, which have drawn visitors seeking relaxation amid its forested surroundings. The town gained international prominence as the home of the – International Center on Nazi Persecution, established in the 1940s as the International Tracing Service to document of Nazi ; its vast collection of over 30 million documents was inscribed on UNESCO's Memory of the World Register in 2013, making it a key site for historical research and remembrance. Bad Kissingen, a spa town in Lower Franconia, Bavaria, has been renowned since the 19th century for its seven mineral springs, which remain in use for curative treatments and are central to its status as a UNESCO World Heritage site within the Great Spa Towns of Europe. With a population of approximately 23,200 as of 2024, the town features elegant 19th-century architecture, including pump rooms and parks designed for therapeutic promenades, and continues to attract health tourists with modern wellness programs. Bad Homburg vor der Höhe, in near , developed as a fashionable in the , with baths established around the 1830s following the rediscovery of ancient springs; today, it boasts Germany's largest gardens at 44 hectares and 14 therapeutic springs used in clinics for treatments like mud packs and . The town is also famous for its , originally built in the as the residence of the Landgraves of and later a summer retreat for Prussian royalty, as well as its annual horse racing events at the Bad Homburg Racecourse, which have been held since 1866 and draw international crowds. Bad Wörishofen, in Swabia, Bavaria, emerged as a health resort in the mid-19th century under the influence of Father Sebastian Kneipp, a priest who developed hydrotherapy methods there starting in 1855, including water treading and herbal treatments that form the basis of the globally adopted Kneipp Cure. The town's status as a spa was formalized in the late 19th century, and it now offers over 120 Kneipp-inspired therapies across facilities, emphasizing natural healing with cold water applications and movement exercises. Other notable "Bad" locations include in , a historic centered on its ancient salt production; the Old Salt Works, operational since and rebuilt after a 1834 fire, features underground tunnels used for therapeutic salt baths and remains one of Europe's most picturesque industrial sites. , also in , is celebrated for its tradition of woodcarving, a craft rooted in the region's era and still practiced by local artisans who produce intricate religious figures, nativity scenes, and decorative pieces sold in the town's workshops and markets.

Other places

Outside Germany, several locations bear the name "Bad," often reflecting historical, linguistic, or geographical significance in their respective regions. These include spa towns in , villages in , and natural features in , showcasing the diverse global usage of the term beyond its common association with German bath resorts. In , Bad Goisern am Hallstättersee is a in the state, situated in the scenic region along Lake Hallstatt. With an estimated population of 7,575 as of 2025, it spans 112.3 square kilometers and serves as a hub for and . The town's history is deeply intertwined with , a key economic driver in the since prehistoric times; a pivotal moment came in 1874 when drilling for salt uncovered the first healing spring, leading to its designation as a ("Bad") in 1955 and contributing to its growth as a destination. Similarly, Bad Hofgastein, located in the Gastein Valley of Salzburg state, is renowned for its therapeutic radon waters and alpine setting. The town, with a 2025 population estimate of 6,677 across 103.8 square kilometers, traces its origins to Celtic settlements around 700 AD and evolved into a prominent spa center in the 19th century. Its radon therapy, administered in the historic Heilstollen healing tunnels, involves exposure to low-dose natural radon gas combined with heat and humidity, which studies have shown effective for treating rheumatic conditions, respiratory issues, and skin disorders by stimulating anti-inflammatory responses in the body. This therapy, a cornerstone of the town's identity, attracts visitors seeking natural pain relief and has been practiced since the early 20th century. In , the name "Bad" appears in smaller settlements, such as Bad village in the Karakat block of , , . This rural hamlet, home to approximately 1,979 residents as per the 2011 census, covers a modest area and features a rate of 65.4%, primarily supported by in the surrounding fertile plains. The village exemplifies the use of "Bad" as a simple locative term in and regional dialects, without ties to traditions, and remains a typical agrarian in eastern . Further south, serves as the capital of in Sri Lanka's central highlands, a city of around 47,500 people as of 2025 noted for its tea plantations, colonial architecture, and waterfalls like Duvili Falls. Though a phonetic variant, its name derives from Sinhalese roots meaning "muddy river," reflecting the area's lush, rainy terrain and emerging eco-tourism appeal, including sustainable trails and biodiversity reserves developed post-2020. Natural features named "Bad" include the Bad River in central , , a 76-mile of the originating near and flowing eastward through landscapes. In the , it is known as Wakpá Šíča, translating to "Bad River," possibly due to its muddy waters or historical associations with difficult crossings. The river holds significance in American history as the site of a tense 1804 encounter between the and leaders near its confluence, which nearly derailed the journey and highlighted early intercultural conflicts. Today, it supports local ecosystems and ranching, with portions managed for conservation, including habitats on nearby ranches.

Transport

Ships

No notable naval vessels have been directly named "Bad" in major navies, likely due to the word's negative connotations in English, which naval generally avoid for and reasons. The closest variant in the United States is USS Badger, with multiple ships bearing the name. USS Badger (DD-126), a commissioned on 29 May 1919, served primarily in escort duties during after conversion from a ; it protected Atlantic convoys, including two to (15 October–28 November 1943 and 15 February–24 March 1944), and was decommissioned on 20 July 1945. Another, USS Badger (DE-1071), a Knox-class launched in 1968 and commissioned on 1 December 1970, conducted exercises and deployments in and Mediterranean until its decommissioning in 1991. In the Royal Navy, no ships named HMS Bad appear in historical records, and post-World War II naming practices emphasize heroic figures, places, or abstract virtues, excluding terms like "Bad." Similarly, searches of Danish naval and merchant records yield no vessels named Bad, and historical logs from the 19th and early 20th centuries do not document any whalers by that name. As of 2025, contemporary naval naming conventions in the U.S. and allied forces prioritize commemorative or strategic themes without negative implications, further precluding names like "Bad."

Other transport

In aviation, the IATA code BAD designates , a installation located in . Established in 1932, the base functions as a critical hub for the , primarily supporting B-52H Stratofortress strategic bombers and associated operations, with a 11,756-foot accommodating heavy . In Europe, associated with "Bad" includes the , a major international railway station in , , serving as the primary terminus for services from . Opened in 1874 and located on Swiss territory but under German operational control, it handles regional and long-distance trains, connecting to the and lines while facilitating cross-border passenger and freight movement. Another example is the Kurwald Mountain Railway, a in , , operated by the local spa authority. This steep incline railway, one of the world's steepest at a 78% , transports up to 25 passengers per car over 220 meters to the Kurwald health resort, providing eco-friendly access to forested trails and facilities since its modernization in the early .

Other uses

Science and technology

The Bcl-2-associated death promoter (BAD) is a BH3-only pro-apoptotic protein belonging to the Bcl-2 family, which critically regulates the intrinsic pathway of apoptosis by modulating mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization. BAD promotes cell death by sequestering anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family members, such as Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL, thereby allowing pro-apoptotic effectors like Bax and Bak to induce cytochrome c release and activate caspases. This mechanism positions BAD as a key sensor of cellular stress signals, including growth factor deprivation and DNA damage, integrating survival signals from pathways like PI3K/Akt. BAD was discovered in the mid-1990s through studies aimed at identifying novel interactors in hematopoietic cells. In a foundational 1995 study, researchers cloned BAD as a heterodimeric partner for and , demonstrating that it displaces Bax from these anti-apoptotic proteins, thereby sensitizing cells to . The protein's activity is tightly regulated by post-translational modifications; for instance, at serine residues (e.g., Ser136, Ser155) by kinases like Akt inhibits BAD's pro-apoptotic function by promoting its sequestration in the by 14-3-3 proteins, while dephosphorylation restores its mitochondrial localization and death-promoting role. In biological research and therapeutic contexts, BAD's dysregulation has been implicated in diseases such as cancer, where its inactivation contributes to tumor cell survival, and neurodegenerative disorders, where impaired may exacerbate . Seminal work has highlighted BAD's role in glucose , revealing its dual function beyond in regulating insulin secretion via interactions with in pancreatic beta cells. Recent advances, including targeted strategies, aim to reactivate BAD for selective induction of in malignancies, underscoring its potential as a therapeutic target.

Miscellaneous

The (MOBA) is a museum in , , dedicated to collecting and exhibiting works described as "too bad to be ignored," often sourced from thrift stores, flea markets, and trash bins. Founded in 1994 by Jesse McLean after discovering a painting titled Lucy in the Field with Flowers in his mother's basement, MOBA has grown into a with permanent locations at the Brewing Company and rotating exhibits elsewhere, amassing over 800 pieces that satirize artistic failure while celebrating outsider creativity. The museum's collection emphasizes humorous incompetence in , , and mixed media, with notable works like (a depiction of the Virgin Mary with mismatched features) highlighting themes of unintentional and cultural commentary on aesthetic standards. In 2025, MOBA released a 16-month featuring selected pieces, underscoring its ongoing role in promoting "bad art" as a legitimate cultural phenomenon. Cultural events incorporating "bad" themes have gained traction in recent years, particularly in 2025 amid renewed interest in ironic and subversive forms. The BAD Day Music + Arts Festival, held in Wilmington, North Carolina's Arts District (BAD), debuted on July 12, 2025, as a one-day celebration blending music, , activities, and local vendors across genres like , , , and . Organized to highlight the district's creative resurgence, the inaugural event featured two outdoor stages, food trucks, and interactive installations, drawing thousands to embrace "good times for a bad day" through eclectic performances and community engagement. Similarly, the Bad Outdoorsmen Exhibition at in , ran from January 20, 2025, showcasing collaborative works by artists Katie Hargrave and Meredith Laura Lynn that explore themes of environmental disconnection and playful failure in . These events reflect a broader 2025 trend in cultural programming that uses "bad" as a lens for critiquing perfectionism in and , filling gaps in traditional festival coverage. In legal contexts, "" denotes actions taken with dishonest intent, rendering certain contracts voidable or unenforceable in jurisdictions like the and . Under principles, a entered into mala fide—Latin for "in "—such as through , , or deliberate withholding of material facts, lacks the mutual assent required for validity, allowing the aggrieved party to seek rescission or . For instance, in business disputes, courts may void agreements if one party exploits unequal or conceals risks, as seen in cases involving or commercial leases where breaches duties. This doctrine, codified in statutes like the in the U.S., prioritizes and prevents exploitation, though proving requires evidence of intentional deceit rather than mere .

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