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Arca

Arca may refer to:
  • Various companies, organizations, people, places, and other entities, as detailed in the following sections.

Companies

Aerospace and technology companies

, originally established as the Cosmonautics and Association, is a non-profit aerospace company founded in 1999 in , , by Dumitru Popescu and a group of rocket enthusiasts to advance technologies. In October 2014, the organization relocated its primary operations to , , to facilitate production, testing, and collaboration on launch vehicles, while maintaining some activities in . The company has focused on innovative designs, including the early Demonstrator series for suborbital testing; for instance, the Demonstrator 2B achieved a successful launch to 1,200 meters in 2004 from Cape Midia Air Force Base. A flagship project is the Haas 2CA, a single-stage-to-orbit (SSTO) powered by a linear , designed to deliver up to 100 kg payloads to at an estimated cost of $1 million per launch, emphasizing lightweight composite materials and rapid responsiveness. Unveiled in March 2017 in Las Cruces, the Haas 2CA represents 's ambition to provide affordable access to space, with engine tests conducted in 2017 to validate its pressure-fed configuration and high of 29. By 2025, continues development under the EcoRocket program for eco-friendly and has announced Project Q, presented internally in July 2025 and shared exclusively with members in August 2025, with no public unveiling as of November 2025, building on its 25-year legacy in . Historical plans for the related Haas 2B variant included suborbital flights for , though current efforts prioritize orbital and resource exploitation technologies without specified active partnerships as of late 2025. Arca Noae, LLC is a U.S.-based software development company dedicated to sustaining and modernizing the operating system ecosystem through expert consulting and product releases. Established around 2014 to support users and enterprises, it gained prominence with the launch of in 2017, a derivative licensed from that integrates contemporary security, networking, and hardware compatibility features. emphasizes enhanced support for modern hardware, including booting introduced in version 5.1 (released September 2023), compatibility with newer processors and peripherals, and built-in tools for data encryption, secure , and . The operating system incorporates open-source components, such as ongoing support for the and other community projects, to extend functionality without altering the core . Post-2023 updates include 5.1.1 released in February 2025, with community-driven enhancements; Arca Noae sponsored events like Warpstock 2025. In January 2025, recognized as the top alternative operating system, highlighting its reliability for legacy applications in secure environments like .

Financial and exchange companies

NYSE Arca is a major U.S. electronic securities exchange, formed in 2006 through the merger of the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) and Archipelago Holdings, an electronic communications network founded in 1996 that pioneered all-electronic trading. The exchange, headquartered in Chicago, became a subsidiary of NYSE Euronext following the 2007 merger of NYSE Group and Euronext, and was subsequently acquired by the Intercontinental Exchange (ICE) in 2013. Known for its high-speed electronic trading capabilities, NYSE Arca facilitates rapid order execution and supports a wide range of securities, including equities, options, and exchange-traded products (ETPs). A key feature of NYSE Arca is its dominance in exchange-traded fund (ETF) listings and trading, where it serves as the primary venue for over 2,500 ETFs and handles more than 11,000 U.S.-listed securities as of 2025. The platform's automated systems enable and provide deep liquidity, contributing to efficient during volatile periods. During the , NYSE Arca's electronic infrastructure played a supportive role in market recovery by maintaining trading continuity and liquidity when floor-based exchanges faced disruptions, helping to stabilize electronic order flows amid broader market turmoil. In 2025, holds a significant market share in ETF trading, estimated at around 16-18% based on volume, building on its 16.5% share as of early 2024. Regulatory developments post-2023 include SEC approval in 2025 to extend trading hours to 22 hours per day (4 a.m. to 8 p.m. , Sunday through Thursday) for eligible securities and ETPs to meet global demand, alongside rule amendments for fee structures to combat manipulative practices. These changes enhance the exchange's competitiveness in a landscape increasingly dominated by algorithmic and international trading. Arca Fondi SGR, an asset management firm, was founded in 1983 by a of 12 banks to provide solutions tailored to and institutional clients. Specializing in mutual funds, funds, and investments, the company has grown through strategic partnerships and product diversification, managing a broad portfolio that emphasizes and client accessibility via over 100 distributors and 8,000 bank branches. As of March 2023, Arca Fondi SGR oversaw approximately €36 billion in ; recent figures are unavailable, with a focus on diversified mutual funds that constitute the majority of its offerings. The firm has historically pursued mergers and integrations with regional banks to expand its distribution network, enhancing its position as one of Italy's top independent asset managers with a 2-3% domestic market share. In recent years, Arca Fondi has intensified its emphasis on (ESG) criteria, launching sustainable investment products such as the Arca Obbligazioni Europa ESG Leaders fund to align with European regulatory pushes for green finance. This move complements its core sustainable , positioning the firm to capitalize on evolving trends in responsible and innovative .

Media and production companies

Arca-Filmproduktion was a prominent film production company based in Göttingen, founded in 1953 by producer Gero Wecker. The company specialized in feature films during the post-war era, producing over a dozen titles that captured the era's popular genres, including family dramas and adventure stories. Notable productions include Die Mädels vom Immenhof (1955), a successful about rural life, and Liane, die weiße Sklavin (1956), an exotic adventure that drew international attention. The company expanded its operations to by 1955, collaborating with directors such as Werner Jacobs and Rolf Thiele on projects like Bomben auf (1960), a . Arca-Filmproduktion contributed to the economic boom of West German cinema in the 1950s and early , with a portfolio emphasizing accessible entertainment for domestic audiences. It ceased active production around 1965, marking the end of its run amid industry shifts toward television. In more contemporary media, , established in 2016 in , , operates as a full-service production house blending documentary and fictional elements to create content for brands and global audiences. The company handles end-to-end production, from concept development to , focusing on timeless narratives that explore human stories. As of 2025, its portfolio includes international projects, though specific release counts remain modest, emphasizing quality over volume in the digital era. Arca Images, founded in 2001 in Miami, Florida, by Alexa Kuve and Larry Villanueva, is a bilingual theater and cultural serving diverse English-Spanish audiences. Under Nilo Cruz since 2013, it has produced more than 30 original plays and adaptations, including recent works like by Sergio Blanco in October 2025 and Tres Veces Cruz/Three Times Cruz in March 2025, which earned nominations at the 2024-2025 Carbonell Awards. In 2025, founder Alexa Kuve received the Ruth Foreman Award from the Carbonell Awards for her contributions to theater, highlighting the company's impact on inclusive media arts. The organization has shifted toward hybrid digital presentations post-2020, incorporating online streaming to broaden accessibility amid global disruptions.

Real estate and industrial companies

is a prominent mixed-use in City, , , spanning 74 hectares and serving as a central and lifestyle district. Developed by Ayala Land Premier, a of , Inc., the project transforms the former (FTI) complex into an integrated estate with residential, office, commercial, and recreational components, emphasizing connectivity and sustainability. Launched in 2014 with an estimated investment of P80 billion, it aims to support up to 200,000 daily commuters from southern provinces like , , , and Bicol through enhanced transport links. The estate features nine corporate towers for business operations, a 200-room Seda Hotel, and QualiMed Hospital as key anchor tenants, alongside residential offerings from brands like Alveo Land and Avida Land. Infrastructure highlights include the upcoming Transport Terminal, targeted for completion in Q4 2025, which will accommodate buses, jeepneys, AUVs, tricycles, and integrate with the and North-South Commuter Railway. Arca South, set to open its first phase in December 2025, will provide , dining, , and spaces, further boosting the estate's vibrancy. Phase 1 developments, including several residential towers like Avida Towers Tower 2, were completed in 2023, marking significant progress in the project's rollout. Arca South contributes to local economic growth by attracting businesses and residents, fostering job creation in construction, operations, and services within the estate and surrounding areas. As part of Ayala Land's broader portfolio of economic zones, it drives investment and employment opportunities, aligning with regional development goals in southern Metro Manila. The project incorporates green features, with 60% of the district dedicated to landscapes and open spaces, and recent additions like The Blue Leaf events venue emphasize renewable energy, rainwater harvesting, and solar power integration for sustainable expansion. Beyond , Arca-named industrial entities include Arca Climate Technologies, a Canadian firm founded in 2021 that specializes in industrial mineralization for . The company leverages alkaline waste from and to capture atmospheric CO₂ and convert it into stable rock, targeting gigatonne-scale impact with partnerships across over 30 operations. As of 2025, Arca Climate has advanced field trials and secured to scale deployments, including a 10-year offtake agreement with announced in October 2025 for nearly 300,000 tonnes of durable carbon removal, positioning it as a key player in green industrial processes.

Organizations

Sports organizations

The (ARCA) is a U.S.-based sanctioning body for , founded in 1953 by Marcum in , initially focusing on Midwest short-track events to provide affordable competition for regional drivers. Over decades, ARCA evolved from a collection of local dirt and pavement short tracks—such as Toledo Speedway and Flat Rock Speedway—into a national touring series by the , incorporating superspeedways like and intermediate ovals, which expanded its reach and served as a developmental platform for emerging talent. This growth reflected broader trends in , transitioning from grassroots origins to a structured feeder system aligned with major series. In April 2018, acquired ARCA, formalizing a partnership dating back to the 1950s when Marcum competed against founder , and integrating ARCA as an official developmental series under 's umbrella while retaining operational independence. Following a multi-year sponsorship extension, the premier national tour rebranded as the in 2019, emphasizing its role in nurturing drivers for 's , , and Truck Series through events at diverse venues including road courses and dirt tracks. The series features steel-bodied stock cars with V8 engines, adhering to rules that require drivers to be at least 18 for superspeedway races like and Talladega, and promotes safety enhancements post-merger such as composite bodies and advanced chassis designs. The and West serve as regional subdivisions, each with distinct histories and regulations tailored to their geographies. The East series, tracing roots to the Busch North division, focuses on the Northeast and Mid-Atlantic with shorter races (typically 100-200 miles) on paved ovals and road courses, emphasizing close-quarters competition; notable events include the annual return to historic in 2025 and combination races with the national series at tracks like Five Flags Speedway. Its rules allow for modified engines and tires suited to regional tracks, fostering talents who progress to higher divisions. Similarly, the West series originated in 1954 as a proving ground for drivers unable to travel eastward, evolving through mergers like the 2007 absorption of the Winston West Series; it prioritizes Western ovals with events up to 200 laps, such as the West Coast Stock Car Motorsports Hall of Fame 150 at Kern Raceway, and incorporates unique dirt challenges at tracks like Tri-City Raceway. West rules permit regional tire compounds and emphasize endurance on high-banked facilities, with a history of over 1,000 races by 2022. For the 2025 season, the schedule comprises 20 races across 19 tracks, opening February 15 at with the and concluding October 4 at Toledo Speedway, featuring key stops at , , and a dirt event at Illinois State Fairgrounds. Brenden Queen secured the driver's championship in a season marked by Toyota's manufacturer's title after nine victories, highlighting the series' competitive depth. The East schedule includes eight events starting March 22 at Five Flags Speedway, while the West begins January 25 at Kern Raceway and ends with the Desert Diamond Casino West 150, both aligning with national dates for combined racing weekends. ARCA has produced notable drivers who advanced to NASCAR prominence, including Frank Kimmel with a record 80 wins across 10 championships and Iggy Katona with 79 victories, alongside modern stars like and who cut their teeth on ARCA platforms. Iconic tracks such as (site of ARCA's first superspeedway win in 1963) and Talladega underscore the series' evolution, hosting high-speed events that test driver skill and vehicle limits.

Research and advocacy organizations

The Association for Research into Crimes against (ARCA) is an international non-profit dedicated to advancing scholarly , , and in combating art crime and protecting . Founded in 2009 by art historian Noah Charney, ARCA serves as an interdisciplinary that bridges academic study with practical strategies to address threats like , , , and illicit trafficking. Headquartered in the historic town of , , the fosters global collaboration among experts, , and policymakers to safeguard artistic and archaeological patrimony. ARCA's flagship educational offering is its , an intensive 36-day residential course held annually in since 2009. The program, preparing for its 16th edition in summer 2026, covers interdisciplinary topics such as art law, , provenance research, and in the , equipping participants with tools to investigate and prevent crimes. Complementing this, ARCA has expanded into accessible online eLearning by 2025, launching short courses like the free 1.5-hour "Why Study Cultural Crime?" module and a 4.5-hour series on " and Illicit Trafficking of in MENA," aimed at broadening outreach to professionals and students worldwide. Central to ARCA's research initiatives is the annual Amelia Conference on Art Crime, which convenes experts for presentations on emerging trends; the 15th edition in June 2025 addressed topics including digital tools for detecting forgeries and the role of online platforms in trafficking stolen artifacts, such as a Cambodian statue looted during civil war that surfaced in a 2024 New York auction. Since 2010, ARCA has published the Journal of Art Crime, a peer-reviewed annual volume documenting case studies, methodologies, and policy recommendations on art theft and related offenses, with recent issues emphasizing underreported trends like cyber-facilitated crimes. These efforts underscore ARCA's commitment to evidence-based advocacy, including capacity-building workshops that have trained over 500 alumni from more than 50 countries. ARCA maintains active partnerships with international bodies to amplify its impact, including collaboration with on initiatives to combat illicit trafficking of . The organization also supports Interpol's operations by providing insights and publicizing joint actions, such as the 2020 multinational investigation that resulted in 101 arrests and the recovery of thousands of . Post-2023, ARCA's analyses have spotlighted cyber-art thefts, including attacks on galleries and AI-generated forgeries infiltrating digital marketplaces, informing policy responses to these evolving digital threats.

Health and community organizations

The AIDS Research Consortium of Atlanta (ARCA) was a nonprofit, community-based organization founded in 1988 in , , focused on advancing , education, and support services for affected communities. As one of the earliest such entities in the U.S., ARCA emphasized accessible to address the disproportionate impact of in the Southeast, where consistently ranks among states with high diagnosis rates. Over its 33-year operation, it served thousands through targeted interventions, contributing to broader efforts that helped reduce new diagnoses in by 12% from 2018 to 2022. ARCA's core programs included conducting clinical trials for antiretroviral drugs and vaccines, prevention studies, and community outreach initiatives such as rapid testing and education for high-risk groups like Black same-gender-loving men and women living with . Operating via a network of more than 50 physicians and five clinics, the organization facilitated over 400 research studies, playing a pivotal role in the U.S. approval of 45 treatments and advancing inclusive access to experimental therapies. These efforts were instrumental in building local capacity for management in , a with the third-highest rate of new diagnoses nationwide at 25.4 per 100,000 people in recent years. Key partnerships enhanced ARCA's reach, notably with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), through which it led the agency's inaugural () trial and other epidemiologic studies on transmission patterns. Designated as one of 18 Community Programs for on AIDS by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, ARCA integrated research with direct support, including patient navigation and stigma-reduction programs. Its work underscored the value of community-led models in curbing Georgia's epidemic, where urban cores like exhibit generalized prevalence exceeding 1%. Facing funding shortfalls exacerbated by the , ARCA announced its permanent closure in early 2021, ending operations after pioneering contributions to HIV care equity. No successor entities bearing the ARCA name have emerged in services post-2023, though Atlanta's HIV landscape continues to evolve with increased federal investments, such as restored CDC funding for testing programs in 2025.

Equipment and Artifacts

Photographic and technical equipment

The Arca-Swiss quick release system is a Swiss-designed standard for mounting cameras and related on tripods and other supports, originally introduced in the by the company founded in as a camera repair business in . This system revolutionized photographic mounting by providing a secure, single-channel and plate mechanism that allows for rapid attachment and detachment while enabling precise adjustments in positioning. It evolved from the company's early work on view cameras in the post-World War II era, where stable and adjustable mounting was essential for large-format photography. Key features of the Arca-Swiss system include dovetail-shaped plates that slide into clamps, offering friction-based locking for stability during use; classic plates measure 38 mm in width, while specialized variants like MonoballFix plates are 26 mm wide to suit compact setups. The design supports fine-tuned adjustments for leveling and panning, with options such as the flipLock mechanism for tool-free operation and dual-channel clamps for versatility across plate types. These elements ensure with a wide array of photographic gear, including modern digital backs and mirrorless systems integrated into Arca-Swiss technical cameras like the F-Classic and models, which maintain the system's heritage in . By the , the Arca-Swiss standard had been widely adopted by major brands, including Manfrotto, which introduced Arca-compatible "Top Lock" quick release systems in to bridge its proprietary plates with the dovetail format. As of 2025, the system remains a industry standard, compatible with contemporary gimbals, tripod heads from manufacturers like Really Right Stuff, and even non-photographic applications in for secure modular mounting. No major patents specific to the quick release system have been issued by Arca-Swiss post-2023, though ongoing refinements emphasize material durability and precision in their monoball and geared tripod heads.

Historical artifacts

The term arca derives from Latin arca, meaning "chest," "box," or "ark," originally referring to a locked container for valuables or sacred items in ancient Roman and early Christian contexts. In medieval Europe, particularly in Spain and Italy from the 12th to 15th centuries, arca denoted a sturdy wooden chest reinforced with iron bands and locks to secure money, documents, jewelry, and other precious goods against theft. These chests were often crafted from oak or walnut, featuring elaborate decorative carvings—such as geometric patterns, heraldic motifs, or religious scenes—and hinged lids with internal compartments for organization. Such arcae played essential roles in social and ecclesiastical life; in households, they commonly served as dowry chests, holding linens, clothing, and heirlooms presented by a bride's to symbolize marital alliances and . In church settings, they functioned as treasuries for relics, liturgical vessels, and donations, safeguarding communal wealth and fostering pilgrimage sites. Surviving examples, like those in the Victoria and Albert Museum's medieval collections, illustrate their robust construction and artistic value, with ongoing exhibits as of 2025 highlighting their cultural significance. A prominent surviving artifact is the Arca Santa of , an 11th-century (c. 1075) encased in silver-gilt with Romanesque decorations, housed in the Cámara Santa of since the early after its reputed transfer from to escape invasions. This chest, containing relics like the , exemplifies the arca's sacred use, with iron reinforcements and carved inscriptions emphasizing its role in church treasuries. Conservation efforts, including detailed restorations following a 1934 explosion and further maintenance in the 2010s, continue to preserve its integrity, with recent 2025 commemorations underscoring ongoing protective measures.

People

In arts and entertainment

Alejandra Ghersi Rodríguez, known professionally as Arca, is a Venezuelan-born musician, , DJ, and visual based in , . Born on October 14, 1989, in , she identifies as a and has integrated explorations of , psychosexuality, and personal vulnerability into her multidisciplinary practice. Arca's work spans , , and visual collaborations, often creating immersive worlds that blend with digital and analog imagery to challenge conventional boundaries in and . Her influence extends to aesthetics and experimental genres, where she pioneered sounds fused with Latin rhythms, inspiring a generation of producers in . Arca's breakthrough came with her 2014 debut album , a glitch-heavy exploration of fragmented beats and abstract textures released on , followed by the more visceral in 2015, which delved deeper into industrial and influences. Her self-titled third album in 2017 introduced prominent vocals for the first time, shifting toward emotive, body-oriented expressions while maintaining her signature sonic disruption. The ambitious series, comprising (2020), and (2021), kick iiiii (2022), and the compilation (2022), marked a pivot to hyperpop-infused experimentation, with elaborate 3D visuals accompanying the releases to evoke futurism and digital embodiment. In 2025, Arca released the single "Puta / Sola" in May, continuing her evolution with raw, introspective tracks that integrate visual art elements like distorted avatars and performance installations. Throughout her career, Arca has collaborated extensively with leading figures in experimental and , co-producing Björk's albums (2015) and (2017), FKA twigs' debut LP1 (2014), and tracks for artists including , , and . Early associations included work with (Daniel Lopatin), featuring a conversational interlude on her 2020 track "Lude" and vocal contributions to his 2020 album on "Shifting," reflecting mutual influences in ambient and glitch electronics. These partnerships have amplified her role in reshaping experimental genres, emphasizing emotional depth over rigid structures. Her 2020 album earned a for Best Dance/Electronic Album at the , highlighting her impact on Latin electronic innovation. Arca's visual integrations, such as collaborations with artists like Frederik Heyman for videos exploring embodiment, further cement her as a holistic creator in contemporary arts.

In sports

Julio Arca is an Argentine former professional footballer who played primarily as a left-back or central midfielder. Born on 31 January 1981 in , he began his senior career with in 1998, making 19 appearances before transferring to in 2000 for a fee of £3.5 million. Arca spent six seasons with from 2000 to 2006, appearing in 173 matches and scoring 21 goals across all competitions, including notable contributions during their 2005–06 campaign despite relegation. He moved to rivals in 2006 on a free transfer, where he remained until 2013, adding 185 appearances and 9 goals. Overall, in the , Arca recorded 149 appearances, 8 goals, and 17 assists for both clubs. His international career included captaining Argentina's under-20 team to victory at the 2001 FIFA U20 World Cup under coach , a formative experience that honed his tactical awareness. Arca's club career, however, was significantly hampered by recurring injuries, such as a broken foot suffered on his Middlesbrough debut against Reading in August 2006, which sidelined him for three weeks; knee ligament damage during a 2004 match; a jellyfish sting during a 2003 training session; and a severe toe injury in 2013 that contributed to his retirement from professional football at age 32. Among his Premier League goals, Arca scored an equalizer in Sunderland's 4–1 home win over Town in October 2001, exemplifying his dead-ball proficiency from set pieces. After retiring, he transitioned to coaching, briefly managing in England's from April to December 2023, where he oversaw early promotion efforts before departing amid a poor run of form. Another notable sports figure named Arca is Simon Arca Costas, a professional player born in 2000. Competing for from 2019 to 2023, he earned All-Mountain West honors in singles (2021) and doubles (2020), along with Mountain West Player of the Week recognition in April 2023 after a 4–0 weekend sweep. Turning professional in 2019, Arca Costas competes on the ITF and Challenger circuits and remains active as of 2025.

Places

In Europe

Arça, known in Russian as Arsk, is a town and administrative center of Arsky District in the Republic of , , situated on the Kazanka River approximately 65 km north of . As of 2024, its population is estimated at 19,958, reflecting an annual decline of about 1.0% from the 2021 census figure of 20,421. The town traces its origins to the medieval period, founded in the 13th century by of the as a fortified and , serving as a key defensive and trading point in the during the era. Today, Arsk functions as a modern hub for local industry and Tatar cultural preservation, with economic activities centered on , , and , contributing to the district's overall development as an administrative and economic node in northern . Arca is a small rural locality within the municipality of Bova in the , , emblematic of the region's Grecanic heritage and traditional agrarian lifestyle. Nestled in the foothills at elevations around 900 meters, it forms part of Bova's dispersed hamlets, where linguistic and cultural influences persist among the local population, supported by initiatives to maintain dialects like Griko. Known for its pastoral economy, olive groves, and preserved stone architecture reflecting Byzantine and legacies, Arca exemplifies Calabria's rural traditions with minimal modern development. The broader Bova municipality, encompassing such localities, has seen stable demographics post-2023, with a 2025 population estimate of 452—up slightly from 400 in 2021—indicating limited migration and sustained community ties despite regional depopulation trends.

In Asia

Arqa is a coastal town located in the of northern , approximately 22 kilometers northeast of and near the Mediterranean shore. Historically known as Irqata during the , the site was a significant city-state mentioned in the 14th-century BCE from Egyptian annals, highlighting its role in regional alliances and correspondence with pharaohs. Under Roman rule, it was renamed Arca Caesarea, serving as an administrative center and the purported birthplace of Emperor Alexander Severus in the CE. The Tell Arqa archaeological mound, central to the town, reveals layers of occupation from the period onward, including Phoenician fortifications and structures that underscore its enduring importance as a port and trade hub. Biblical references identify the inhabitants as the Arkites (Hebrew: עַרְקִי), listed among the descendants of in 10:17, linking the ancient settlement to early genealogies and reinforcing its place in history. Key attractions include the of a , constructed in the on earlier Phoenician foundations, which features defensive walls and towers that exemplify medieval military in the region. Adjacent Phoenician at Tell Arqa encompass temple remnants and city walls from the , providing evidence of the site's transition from to Phoenician dominance and its integration into broader Mediterranean networks. The town has faced challenges from 's ongoing instability, including the socioeconomic fallout from the 2024–2025 Israel-Hezbollah conflict and its ceasefire violations as of late 2025, which exacerbated damage to cultural infrastructure across the north through indirect effects like displacement and resource strain. In response to heightened risks post-2023, has intensified considerations for site protections in , including technical assessments and emergency planning for northern archaeological areas amid regional hostilities, though Tell Arqa has not yet received enhanced protection status as of November 2024. Restoration efforts, supported by international aid through 2025, have focused on stabilizing vulnerable heritage in Akkar, with preliminary projects addressing erosion and conflict-related wear at sites like Tell Arqa to preserve Phoenician and Crusader elements for future study.

In the Americas

In , several localities bear the name Arca or variations thereof, primarily small rural hamlets and municipalities in and , reflecting the region's diverse geographical features from Andean highlands to tropical lowlands. is a in the state of , northeastern , characterized by its rural landscape and agricultural economy. Covering an area of 156 km² with a of 5,906 as of the 2025 estimate, it features a low of approximately 37.8 inhabitants per km², typical of inland semi-arid zones influenced by the biome. The area is known for subsistence farming and livestock, contributing to the broader socioeconomic fabric of , though it faces challenges like seasonal droughts affecting local water resources. In Bolivia, Arca de Noé designates two small hamlets, one in the Santa Cruz Department and another in Pando Department, both exemplifying remote Amazonian and lowland settlements. The larger, in Santa Cruz, is a rural community of about 123 residents at an elevation of 275 meters, situated amid savanna and forested transitional zones that support traditional livelihoods in agriculture and small-scale forestry (population based on 2012 census estimates; recent data unavailable). Data from Bolivia's National Institute of Statistics indicates this population figure stems from 2012 census estimates, highlighting the area's isolation and limited infrastructure development. The Pando hamlet, with roughly 13 inhabitants, lies in the northern Amazon basin near the border with Brazil, at around 290 meters elevation, where communities engage in extractive activities like Brazil nut harvesting amid dense rainforest ecosystems (population based on 2012 census estimates; recent data unavailable). These sites underscore Bolivia's vast, sparsely populated territories, where such named locales often serve as focal points for indigenous and mestizo populations adapting to environmental pressures. In , Arca de Noé refers to a prominent multiparque and adventure site in Córdoba Province, located along Ruta 5 at kilometer 84 between and Santa Rosa de Calamuchita. Spanning over 40 attractions including zip lines, climbing walls, archery ranges, mini-golf, and a dinosaur-themed with replicas, it functions as an industrial-scale recreational hub catering to families and eco-tourists in the Calamuchita Valley. Opened in the early 2000s, the site integrates natural valley terrain with engineered facilities, drawing visitors for its blend of adventure sports and educational exhibits on , while supporting local employment in amid the Sierras de Córdoba's scenic foothills.

Other uses

Biological

The genus Arca is the of the Arcidae, comprising bivalve mollusks commonly known as ark shells. First described by in his in 1758, with Arca noae as the type species, it encompasses 13 accepted extant species distributed primarily in the and Atlantic oceans, inhabiting shallow coastal waters from intertidal zones to depths of around 100 meters. A prominent species within the genus is Arca noae, the shell, which attaches firmly via a strong to rocks, other shells, or rhizomes of seagrasses such as in the , though the genus overall favors and rocky substrates across warmer marine environments. As , Arca species play a key ecological role in reef ecosystems by siphoning and organic particles from the , thereby improving and supporting nutrient cycling for associated . Their shells are typically boat-shaped, featuring prominent radial that provide structural reinforcement and increase surface friction for burrowing or attachment, often complemented by concentric growth lines and a thin periostracum coating. Economically, Arca species contribute to artisanal fisheries, particularly A. noae in the eastern Adriatic and Mediterranean regions, where it is harvested for its meat and valued for its nutritional profile, including high protein content; annual catches in some areas exceed commercial thresholds, prompting aquaculture research to sustain stocks. Regarding conservation, A. noae and related species are not formally assessed by the as of 2025, but populations face pressures from and emerging climate impacts such as and warming, which affect shell and reproductive cycles in bivalves; genomic studies highlight A. noae's relative to temperature fluctuations and salinity changes, aiding in polluted or variable habitats. The genus has a rich record, with over 195 species documented from the to Recent periods, including subgenera like Arca (Byssoarca) and extinct forms such as Arca (Eonavicula), reflecting evolutionary adaptations in ancient systems; notable occurrences span the in regions like and the , underscoring the group's long-term stability in tropical .

Architectural and linguistic

In architecture, the term "arca" derives from Latin usage denoting a chest or enclosure, often applied to sepulchral monuments or recessed structures in and medieval contexts. In ancient buildings, an arca could refer to a secure or compartment, such as the arca custodiae for confining prisoners, integrated into larger architectural frameworks like prisons or domestic spaces. By the medieval , the term evolved to describe ornate tomb arks housing relics or remains, exemplified by the in Bologna's Basilica of San Domenico. Commissioned around 1264 and completed in 1267 under , this monumental features a base with narrative reliefs depicting scenes from Saint Dominic's life, elevated on supports to allow below. Post-medieval developments saw the arca form influence and tomb designs, with the itself expanded over centuries: Niccolò dell'Arca added a Gothic canopy in the late , while contributed the marble and in 1494, blending classical with medieval piety. These evolutions emphasized verticality and sculptural integration, inspiring similar arca-style tombs across Europe, such as those in Italian cathedrals, where recessed niches and arched enclosures protected sacred contents while serving as focal points for liturgical spaces. Linguistically, "arca" originates in Latin as a feminine noun meaning "chest," "box," "coffer," or "coffin," often implying an enclosed or protective structure. Its etymology traces to Proto-Italic *arkā, likely from Proto-Indo-European *h₂erk-eh₂ ("to enclose" or "to contain"), reflecting connotations of safeguarding valuables or the dead. This root influenced Romance languages, yielding forms like Italian arca (chest or ark), Spanish arca (coffer or tomb), Portuguese arca (box or safe), and French arche (primarily for ark or bow, but extended to enclosed spaces). In mythology and biblical contexts, "arca" gained prominence through arca Noe, the Latin Vulgate's designation for , portraying it as a divine for amid the —a that reinforced the term's symbolic association with refuge and preservation. Recent linguistic scholarship, including analyses up to 2024, highlights how "arca" 's expanded in texts to encompass both literal containers and metaphorical barriers, influencing theological and legal terminology in Romance-derived vernaculars without major shifts in core Proto-Indo-European derivations.

References

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    Indian River Lagoon Species Inventory Taxon Profile
    Arca is a genus of saltwater clams in the family Arcidae, the ark clams. Description As is typical for ark clams, species in this genus have a long, ...
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    WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species - Arca Linnaeus, 1758
    ### Summary of Genus Arca (Linnaeus, 1758)
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    https://www.arcaspace.com/news-archive-2015-2017
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    ARCA Haas 2CA rocket (SSTO with aerospike engine)
    Jun 21, 2017 · ARCA Space Corporation is a New Mexico-based aerospace company. It was founded in 1999 as a non-governmental organization in Romania by ...Missing: development partnerships 2025
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    Locally built spacecraft to visit Space Museum
    Apr 14, 2017 · ARCA Space Corporation, out of Las Cruces, will display their Haas 2CA Rocket in Alamogordo on Wednesday.
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    NEWS ARCHIVE 2015-2017 - ArcaSpace
    Today, ARCA Space Corporation CEO, Dumitru Popescu and Governor Susana Martinez announced the start of ARCA SPACE Corporation activity in Las Cruces, New Mexico ...
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    DEMONSTRATOR 2B - ArcaSpace
    Demonstrator 2B was the first rocket launched by ArcaSpace in 2004, from Cape Midia Air Force Base.Missing: 2013 test
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    HAAS - ArcaSpace
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