Fact-checked by Grok 2 weeks ago

FO

First-order logic is a formal system of deduction that extends propositional logic through the inclusion of predicates, variables ranging over a domain of individuals, function symbols, and quantifiers such as universal (∀) and existential (∃), enabling the precise articulation of statements about objects, their properties, and relations.^[1]^[2] It underpins the axiomatic foundations of mathematics, serving as the standard framework for formalizing theories like arithmetic and set theory, while also facilitating reasoning in philosophy, linguistics, and computational domains such as automated theorem proving and knowledge representation in artificial intelligence.^[3]^[4] The system's syntax and semantics ensure that validity corresponds to truth preservation across all interpretations, though the full validity problem is undecidable, as established by Alonzo Church and Alan Turing in the 1930s.^[5] Its emergence traces to independent contributions by Gottlob Frege and Charles Sanders Peirce in the late 19th century, with pivotal 20th-century advancements including Gödel's completeness theorem (1929), proving that all logically valid formulas are theorematically derivable, and the adoption of first-order logic as the preferred basis for mathematical foundations due to its balance of expressive power and meta-theoretical tractability over higher-order alternatives.^[6]^[7]

Government and diplomacy

Foreign Office

The Foreign Office was established in March 1782 as the United Kingdom's dedicated department for managing foreign affairs, succeeding earlier ad hoc arrangements under the Northern Secretary.^[8] It was initially housed in temporary accommodations before moving to purpose-built premises on Whitehall, with construction of the iconic Foreign Office building commencing in 1861 under architect Sir George Gilbert Scott and completing in 1868.^[9] The department's core mandate involved formulating and executing foreign policy, negotiating treaties, maintaining diplomatic relations, and overseeing consular services to protect British citizens abroad.^[10] Headed by the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs—elevated to a principal cabinet position—the Foreign Office operated through a network of embassies, legations, and consulates worldwide, staffed by career diplomats selected via competitive examinations introduced in the mid-19th century.^[11] By the early 20th century, it had expanded to address global challenges such as the World Wars, colonial administration, and post-war reconstruction, with its Permanent Under-Secretary providing continuity amid frequent ministerial changes.^[11] The office's influence peaked during the British Empire's zenith, coordinating responses to international crises like the Suez Canal dispute in 1956, though decisions often intersected with the Prime Minister's office and Treasury.^[12] In October 1968, the Foreign Office merged with the newly formed Commonwealth Office—itself a 1947 amalgamation of the Dominions Office and Colonial Office—to create the Foreign and Commonwealth Office (FCO), reflecting the UK's post-imperial shift toward Commonwealth ties and decolonization.^[12] This reorganization streamlined diplomatic operations amid declining empire and rising European integration, with the FCO inheriting the Foreign Office's archival records dating back to 1782.^[10] The FCO retained primary responsibility for promoting UK interests, countering threats like terrorism, and managing trade diplomacy until further evolution. On September 15, 2020, the FCO merged with the Department for International Development to form the Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office (FCDO), integrating aid policy with diplomacy to enhance UK's global influence under a unified budget exceeding £10 billion annually.^[13] The FCDO upholds the Foreign Office's legacy functions, including leading diplomatic missions in over 140 countries, issuing travel advisories, and coordinating responses to conflicts such as those in Ukraine and the Middle East.^[14] Despite structural changes, the term "Foreign Office" persists informally for the department's diplomatic arm, underscoring its enduring role in safeguarding national security and economic interests through evidence-based policy rather than ideological imperatives.^[14]

Military ranks and roles

Field officer

A field officer, also termed a field-grade officer, is a commissioned officer in army or marine corps forces who holds intermediate command authority over tactical units larger than companies but subordinate to divisions or higher formations, typically including the ranks of major, lieutenant colonel, and colonel. These ranks position field officers above company-grade officers—such as second lieutenants, first lieutenants, and captains—who lead platoons or companies, but below general officers who oversee brigades, divisions, or theaters. The designation reflects their role in directing operations "in the field," managing battalions (often by lieutenant colonels), regiments or brigades (by colonels), and supporting staff functions at higher headquarters, where they exercise significant operational responsibility for personnel, logistics, and mission execution.^[15]^[16] In the United States Army and Marine Corps, field officers correspond to pay grades O-4 (major), O-5 (lieutenant colonel), and O-6 (colonel), with majors typically serving as battalion executive officers or primary staff, lieutenant colonels commanding battalions of 300–800 soldiers, and colonels leading brigade combat teams of 3,000–5,000 personnel or holding deputy command roles. Responsibilities encompass tactical planning, training oversight, resource allocation, and coordination with adjacent units, demanding expertise in combined arms operations and leadership of diverse subunits including infantry, armor, and artillery. In staff assignments, field officers advise on operations, intelligence, and logistics, often requiring advanced professional military education like the Command and General Staff Officer Course. The U.S. Air Force and Navy use analogous but distinct terminology, with "field grade" informally applied to mid-level officers in similar grades, though air forces emphasize squadron or group commands rather than ground maneuvers.^[15]^[16]^[17] NATO standardization aligns field officer equivalents across member armies under STANAG 2116, mapping major (OF-3), lieutenant colonel (OF-4), and colonel (OF-5) to facilitate interoperability, as seen in multinational exercises where U.S. field officers integrate with allies like those from the UK or Germany, who employ comparable ranks such as "major" and "oberstleutnant." Historically, the field officer category emerged in the 18th century as standing armies professionalized, distinguishing commanders of fielded regiments from administrative or company-level leaders; for instance, British Army regulations from 1768 formalized majors and lieutenant colonels as regimental field officers responsible for drill, discipline, and combat readiness. Insignia evolved accordingly, with U.S. Army field grades adopting silver oak leaves for lieutenant colonels and eagles for colonels by the early 19th century, symbolizing seniority in field command. This structure persists due to its proven efficacy in scaling leadership for mechanized warfare, as evidenced by performance in conflicts from World War II—where colonels directed armored brigades—to modern counterinsurgency operations.^[16]^[18]

Flying officer

A flying officer (Fg Off or F/O) is a junior commissioned officer rank in the Royal Air Force (RAF) and the air forces of several Commonwealth nations, including the Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) and Royal New Zealand Air Force (RNZAF).^[19]^[20] It holds the NATO rank code OF-1 and positions the holder immediately above pilot officer and below flight lieutenant within the RAF hierarchy.^[19] In practice, flying officers often serve in operational squadrons, performing duties such as section leadership, flight planning, or staff roles in support of air operations.^[21] The rank originated with the establishment of distinct RAF officer ranks on 1 August 1919, adapting pre-existing army-style structures to reflect aviation-specific traditions while aligning with broader British military equivalence.^[22] Prior to this, air service officers typically held temporary army commissions, such as second lieutenant, during World War I.^[22] Insignia for the rank consists of a single narrow silver braid worn on the lower sleeves of dress uniforms, distinguishing it from the plain cuff of a pilot officer.^[19] In terms of inter-service equivalence, a flying officer corresponds to a lieutenant in the British Army or Royal Marines and a sub-lieutenant in the Royal Navy, reflecting shared OF-1 pay grades and responsibilities for junior leadership.^[23] Annual pay for RAF flying officers in 2025-2026 ranges from approximately £42,872 at entry level (OF-1-3) to £45,705 at higher increments (OF-1-5), subject to experience and performance-based promotions.^[24] The rank remains in use across Commonwealth forces, with no significant structural changes reported as of 2025, though promotion timelines emphasize operational competence and training completion.^[20]

Forward observer

A forward observer (FO), also known as an artillery observer or fire support specialist, is a military specialist positioned in forward combat areas to direct indirect fire support, including artillery, mortars, and close air support, onto enemy targets. This role involves observing enemy positions, calculating precise targeting data such as grid coordinates and adjustments for wind or terrain, and communicating with fire direction centers to ensure accurate and timely strikes. FOs typically operate as part of fire support teams attached to infantry, armored, or maneuver units, enabling commanders to shape the battlefield through suppressive, destructive, or illuminating fires.^[25]^[26] Primary duties include scouting ahead of main forces to identify threats, assessing impact areas for safety and effectiveness, and relaying calls for fire via radio or digital systems using standardized formats like the six elements of a call for fire: observer identification, warning order, target location, description, method of engagement, and method of fire and control. In the U.S. Army, FOs with Military Occupational Specialty (MOS) 13F also coordinate joint fires, such as naval gunfire or aerial munitions, and may employ laser designators for precision-guided munitions. During operations, they adjust fire in real-time based on observed effects, minimizing friendly fire risks while maximizing lethality against enemy concentrations, vehicles, or fortifications. This forward positioning exposes FOs to high risks, as they often advance with reconnaissance elements to provide early warning and initial targeting data.^[27]^[28]^[29] Training for forward observers emphasizes marksmanship, land navigation, communications, and fire support computations, typically beginning with basic combat training followed by specialized schooling. In the U.S. Army, candidates attend the Fire Support Specialist course at Fort Sill, Oklahoma, where they learn to integrate fires with maneuver under simulated combat conditions, including night operations and electronic warfare scenarios. Certification involves live-fire exercises and joint interoperability drills, such as those conducted with allied forces to refine cross-border fire coordination. Marine Corps forward observers undergo similar artillery observer training, focusing on expeditionary environments and amphibious operations. Proficiency requires ongoing qualifications, often annually, to maintain skills in emerging technologies like drone-assisted targeting.^[30]^[26] Historically, the FO role evolved from World War I spotters using rudimentary telephones and maps to direct barrage fire, becoming formalized in World War II with dedicated teams per battery for massed artillery support. By the Korean War, U.S. divisional artillery employed pairs of FOs with crews along main lines of resistance to counter human-wave attacks, adjusting fires amid rugged terrain. Modern adaptations incorporate GPS, digital fire control systems, and unmanned aerial vehicles for enhanced precision, reducing reliance on visual observation alone while preserving the core need for on-site expertise.^[31]

Aviation roles

First officer

In aviation, the first officer (FO), also referred to as the co-pilot, serves as the second-in-command to the captain, sharing responsibility for the safe operation of the aircraft during flight.^[32] The FO assists the captain in all phases of flight, including pre-flight planning, takeoff, navigation, and landing, while monitoring flight instruments, aircraft systems, and external conditions to ensure compliance with air traffic control instructions and regulatory standards.^[33] In the event of the captain's incapacitation, the FO assumes command of the aircraft.^[34] Key duties of the first officer include cross-checking the captain's actions, managing communication with air traffic control and cabin crew, performing routine systems checks, and executing maneuvers such as takeoffs or landings when designated by the captain.^[35] The role demands high situational awareness, as the FO must identify deviations in flight parameters or potential hazards, contributing to the crew resource management principles that emphasize collaborative decision-making to mitigate errors.^[36] Following incidents like the 2009 Colgan Air Flight 3407 crash, regulatory emphasis has increased on FO training for handling high-workload scenarios, such as icing conditions or automation failures, to prevent single-pilot dependency.^[36] To qualify as a first officer in U.S. commercial air carrier operations under Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Part 121 rules, pilots must hold an Airline Transport Pilot (ATP) certificate, which requires a minimum of 1,500 total flight hours, including specific instrument and multi-engine experience.^[37] Additional mandates include completing the ATP Certification Training Program (ATP-CTP), covering academic topics like aerodynamics, meteorology, and air carrier operations, followed by a practical test; this was implemented in 2013 to address deficiencies in entry-level pilot preparation identified in accident investigations.^[38] Airlines often impose further criteria, such as 1,000 hours of turbine or multi-engine time and a first-class medical certificate, with preferences for recent flight experience to maintain proficiency.^[39] The position evolved from early commercial aviation, where multi-crew cockpits in the 1950s typically included a captain, first officer, and flight engineer; advancements in automation and reliability led to the standard two-pilot crew by the 1980s, enhancing efficiency while placing greater operational demands on the FO.^[40] International standards from bodies like the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) align closely, requiring equivalent licensing and recurrent training to uphold safety in global operations.^[36]

Flight officer

The flight officer was a specialized rank in the United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) during World War II, designated for enlisted personnel who completed aviation training as pilots, navigators, or bombardiers but lacked the qualifications—such as age, education, or performance—for a commission as a second lieutenant. This rank functioned as an intermediate grade equivalent to a junior warrant officer, providing essential aircrew without diluting the commissioned officer corps during rapid wartime expansion. Flight officers received officer-like pay and courtesies but held limited command responsibilities, often termed "third lieutenants" in practice.^[41] The rank originated from earlier enlisted pilot programs, including staff sergeant pilots trained since 1941, but was formalized to standardize and expand the pool of qualified aviators amid shortages. Public Law 658, signed by President Franklin D. Roosevelt on July 8, 1942, authorized the flight officer grade specifically for graduates of flying, navigation, or bombardment schools who did not merit commissioning. Eligibility targeted aviation students with a high school diploma and age of at least 18, later extending to navigators and bombardiers; by late 1942, it replaced the aviation student classification and absorbed existing sergeant pilots. Training mirrored that of commissioned cadets, emphasizing technical proficiency over leadership, with flight officers earning $150 monthly base pay plus $75 flight pay and a 20% overseas differential.^[41]^[42] Insignia consisted of blue-enamel-coated gold bars, approximately 1 inch long and ⅜ inch wide with rounded edges, worn on collars and epaulets—distinguishing them from the silver bars of second lieutenants. These "blue pickles," as they were informally called, signified aviation expertise while underscoring sub-officer status. By summer 1945, over 32,500 flight officers remained on active duty, with service number allocations indicating potentially more than 200,000 had been appointed overall, contributing significantly to USAAF operations in theaters like Europe and the Pacific. Notable figures, including future Brigadier General Chuck Yeager, advanced from this rank via battlefield commissions.^[41]^[43] Postwar, the rank was discontinued as the USAAF demobilized and transitioned to the independent U.S. Air Force in 1947, with remaining flight officers either commissioned, reverted to enlisted status, or separated. The grade addressed immediate manpower needs through empirical wartime demands rather than peacetime hierarchies, reflecting causal priorities of production over pedigree in aviation training efficacy. No equivalent rank persists in modern U.S. military aviation, though distinct roles like naval flight officers—commissioned specialists in non-pilot duties—evolved separately in the Navy.^[41]

Places and geography

Faroe Islands

The Faroe Islands are an archipelago consisting of 18 islands, 17 of which are inhabited, situated in the North Atlantic Ocean between Iceland and the Norwegian Sea, approximately 655 kilometers northwest of Scotland.^[44] The total land area measures 1,400 square kilometers, characterized by rugged terrain, steep cliffs, and a subpolar oceanic climate with frequent high winds and precipitation exceeding 1,200 millimeters annually in many areas.^[44] The population stood at 54,719 as of 2024, concentrated primarily on the main island of Streymoy and the capital, Tórshavn, which houses about one-third of residents.^[45] As an autonomous territory within the Kingdom of Denmark, the Faroe Islands have exercised home rule since 1948, managing internal affairs such as education, health, and economic policy, while Denmark retains responsibility for foreign relations, defense, and currency via the Danish krone.^[46] The islands receive an annual block grant from Denmark, though this was reduced to 616 million Danish kroner in 2001 amid efforts toward fiscal self-sufficiency.^[47] Faroese, a North Germanic language closely related to Icelandic and derived from Old Norse, serves as the official language alongside Danish, with nearly all residents bilingual.^[44] Originally settled by Norse Vikings around the 9th century CE, the population descends primarily from Scandinavian migrants, with genetic studies confirming minimal admixture from Celtic sources despite proximity to Ireland and Scotland.^[48] The economy relies heavily on marine resources, with fish and fish products comprising 90-95% of exports and contributing approximately 18-20% to gross domestic product through wild capture fisheries and aquaculture, particularly salmon farming, which has expanded since the 1990s to mitigate volatility in pelagic stocks like mackerel and herring.^[49] Gross domestic product reached about 20.2 billion Danish kroner in 2021, reflecting recovery from earlier overfishing crises in the 1990s that prompted diversification into tourism and renewable energy projects, including offshore wind assessments.^[50] Unemployment remains low at around 2-3%, supported by a welfare system funded largely through fisheries revenues rather than Danish subsidies, which constitute less than 10% of public expenditure.^[51]

Other places

The province of Forlì in Italy, located in the Emilia-Romagna region, was designated with the two-letter sigla FO prior to its administrative reorganization around 2000, when it was renamed Forlì-Cesena to incorporate the neighboring area of Cesena and its code updated to FC.^[52] This change aligned with broader reforms in Italian provincial nomenclature to reflect merged jurisdictions, with Forlì serving as the primary seat of government for the approximately 1,200 square kilometers of territory characterized by agricultural plains, Adriatic coastal zones, and Apennine foothills.^[52] No other major geographical locations currently employ FO as a standard abbreviation, though minor or historical usages may occur in specialized contexts such as local mapping or archival records.^[53]

Mathematics, science, and technology

First-order logic

First-order logic, also known as first-order predicate logic, is a formal deductive system extending propositional logic by incorporating predicates, quantifiers, and variables to express statements about objects and their relations in a domain.^[54] It serves as the foundational language for much of modern mathematics, allowing the axiomatization of theories such as Peano arithmetic and Zermelo-Fraenkel set theory.^[6] Unlike propositional logic, which treats atomic propositions as indivisible, first-order logic enables quantification over individual elements (e.g., "for all x" or "there exists x"), facilitating precise reasoning about properties and structures.^[55] The syntax of first-order logic comprises terms (built from constants, variables, and function symbols) and formulas (formed by predicates applied to terms, logical connectives like ∧, ∨, ¬, →, ↔, and quantifiers ∀ and ∃).^[56] A signature specifies the non-logical symbols: constant symbols (e.g., 'c'), function symbols (e.g., f(x) for unary functions), and predicate symbols (e.g., P(x,y) for binary relations).^[57] Well-formed formulas include atomic formulas like P(t1, t2), closed under negation, conjunction, and universal/existential quantification, with free variables treated as universally quantified in sentences.^[58] Semantics assign meaning via structures consisting of a non-empty domain of discourse and interpretations for symbols: constants map to domain elements, functions to domain operations, and predicates to relations on the domain.^[55] A formula is satisfied in a structure under a variable assignment if it holds true recursively: atomic predicates via membership in relations, connectives preserving truth values, and quantifiers requiring satisfaction for all or some domain elements (with variables rebound).^[58] Validity means satisfaction in every structure; logical consequence follows if the conclusion is satisfied whenever premises are.^[59] Key metatheorems underscore its properties. Gödel's completeness theorem (1930) establishes semantic completeness: every valid first-order formula is provable from first-order axioms and inference rules like modus ponens and quantifier generalization.^[60] However, the theory is undecidable by Church-Turing: no algorithm determines validity for all formulas, as proven via reductions to the halting problem.^[6] The Löwenheim-Skolem theorem implies that any satisfiable theory has models of any infinite cardinality, including countable ones, highlighting limitations in uniquely specifying uncountable structures like the reals.^[6] Historically, first-order logic crystallized in the early 20th century from efforts by Gottlob Frege (1879 predicate calculus), Bertrand Russell and Alfred North Whitehead (Principia Mathematica, 1910-1913), and David Hilbert's program, with pivotal advancements by Leopold Löwenheim (1915) on satisfiability and Thoralf Skolem (1920) on relativization.^[6] Charles Sanders Peirce anticipated quantifiers in 1885, but formal unification occurred amid foundational crises like Russell's paradox, positioning first-order logic as a balanced system—expressive enough for arithmetic yet avoiding paradoxes of higher-order logics.^[6] Its compactness theorem, a consequence of completeness, states that a theory is satisfiable if every finite subset is, enabling infinite axiomatizations like first-order Peano arithmetic.^[59]

Formatting objects

XSL Formatting Objects (XSL-FO), commonly abbreviated as FO, constitute an XML-based markup language within the Extensible Stylesheet Language (XSL) framework for specifying document layout, pagination, and presentation semantics, particularly for print-oriented output.^[61] These objects define a tree of formatting instructions that transform source content into a sequence of rectangular areas containing text, images, lines, or nested elements, enabling precise control over spacing, alignment, and visual structure independent of the input XML vocabulary.^[62]^[63] The W3C classifies formatting objects into three categories: flow objects that generate areas (e.g., fo:block for inline content blocks or fo:table for structured data), out-of-flow objects that return pre-existing areas without generation (e.g., fo:float for positioned elements), and declarative objects for properties, markers, or traits (e.g., fo:declarations for global settings).^[63]^[64] Properties such as borders, padding, margins, and backgrounds apply hierarchically, with inheritance from parent objects, allowing complex layouts like multi-column regions or footnotes.^[65] Standardized in XSL 1.0 as a W3C Recommendation on October 16, 2001, XSL-FO evolved from earlier DSSSL formatting models to support XML-driven typesetting, with subsequent updates in XSL-FO 1.1 (2006) addressing internationalization and accessibility. Processors like Apache Formatting Objects Processor (FOP), released in 2001, interpret FO input to render outputs such as PDF, PostScript, or PCL, facilitating server-side document generation without reliance on desktop software.^[66] Adoption has persisted in enterprise publishing, though CSS Paged Media and HTML5 have competed for web-to-print workflows since the mid-2000s.^[67]

Other uses in mathematics, science, and technology

In mineralogy and petrology, Fo denotes the forsterite (Mg₂SiO₄) component in the olivine solid solution series with fayalite (Fe₂SiO₄), where compositions are quantified as Fo_n with n representing the molar percentage of forsterite (e.g., Fo₉₀ for 90% Mg-endmember). This notation facilitates precise characterization of olivine in mantle-derived rocks, meteorites, and experimental studies, reflecting the mineral's role as a primary indicator of magma composition and crystallization conditions.^[68]^[69] In control engineering and process safety, FO refers to fail-open configurations in valves and actuators, where loss of pneumatic, hydraulic, or electrical supply causes the device to revert to a fully open state, typically to maintain flow for emergency cooling, venting, or depressurization and avert hazards like overpressure. This contrasts with fail-closed (FC) designs and is selected based on risk assessments prioritizing uninterrupted operation over isolation during failures.^[70]^[71] In telecommunications and data transmission technology, FO abbreviates fiber optic, encompassing cables, connectors, and systems that propagate signals as modulated light pulses through thin glass or plastic strands, enabling high-bandwidth, low-loss communication over distances exceeding kilometers without electromagnetic interference. Adoption surged post-1970s with developments in low-loss silica fibers (attenuation below 0.2 dB/km at 1550 nm), underpinning modern internet backbones and 5G infrastructure.^[72]^[73]

Businesses and organizations

Notable businesses and organizations

Fortune Brands, Inc. (NYSE: FO until 2011) was a multinational holding company specializing in consumer products, including distilled spirits (such as Jim Beam), home and security products, and golf equipment. Originally formed in 1954 as American Brands through the merger of several tobacco and distilling firms, it rebranded to Fortune Brands in 1997 and operated until 2011, when it split into Beam Inc. (spirits) and Fortune Brands Home & Security Inc. (now Fortune Brands Innovations).^[74]^[75] The company's abbreviation FO primarily derived from its stock ticker symbol, reflecting its prominence in business acronym lists.^[74] Other businesses occasionally use FO in operational contexts, such as "front office" for administrative functions or "field operations" for on-site management, but no other major entities are distinctly abbreviated as FO in their naming or branding.^[76]

People

Individuals with initials FO

F. O. Matthiessen (Francis Otto Matthiessen; February 19, 1902 – April 1, 1950) was an American literary critic, scholar, and Harvard University professor who specialized in 19th-century American literature.^[77]^[78] His seminal 1941 book American Renaissance: Art and Expression in the Age of Emerson and Whitman analyzed key figures like Ralph Waldo Emerson, Henry David Thoreau, Nathaniel Hawthorne, Herman Melville, and Walt Whitman, establishing the academic canon of American literary classics.^[79] Matthiessen, a Marxist sympathizer and advocate for proletarian literature, influenced the development of American studies as a field, though his work reflected tensions between aesthetic analysis and political ideology.^[79] Frank Ocean (born Christopher Edwin Breaux; October 28, 1987) is an American singer, songwriter, rapper, and record producer prominent in alternative R&B.^[80] He gained acclaim with his 2012 debut album Channel Orange, which debuted at number two on the Billboard 200 and earned a Grammy for Best Urban Contemporary Album, followed by the critically praised Blonde (2016).^[80] Ocean's music explores themes of love, identity, and introspection, often drawing from personal experiences including his coming out as bisexual in a 2012 Tumblr post.^[81] Frank Oz (born Frank Oznowicz; May 25, 1944) is a British-American actor, puppeteer, and filmmaker best known for his work with Jim Henson, performing characters like Yoda in the Star Wars franchise and Miss Piggy, Fozzie Bear, and Animal in The Muppets.^[82] Beginning as a puppeteer in the 1960s, Oz contributed to over 25 films, including directing The Dark Crystal (1982) and Little Shop of Horrors (1986).^[82] His voice acting extended to roles like Cookie Monster and Grover on Sesame Street.^[82] Flannery O'Connor (Mary Flannery O'Connor; March 25, 1925 – August 3, 1964) was an American novelist and short story writer associated with Southern Gothic literature.^[82] Her works, including the novel Wise Blood (1952) and the collection A Good Man Is Hard to Find (1955), feature grotesque characters, violence, and religious themes rooted in her Roman Catholic faith and experiences with lupus, which confined her to her mother's Georgia farm from age 25.^[82] Frei Otto (May 12, 1925 – March 9, 2015) was a German architect and structural engineer renowned for pioneering lightweight tensile and pneumatic structures using minimal materials.^[81] He designed the German Pavilion for Expo 67 in Montreal and the West Germany Olympic Stadium roof for the 1972 Munich Games, earning the 2015 Pritzker Architecture Prize for innovations in sustainable, biomimetic design inspired by natural forms like soap bubbles and spider webs.^[81]

Arts, entertainment, and media

FO in arts and media

In film and television production, "F.O." serves as an abbreviation in blocking and directing notes, denoting that a performer "fucks off"—a colloquialism for exiting the scene or frame without implying rudeness in professional context.^[83] This usage streamlines communication during rehearsals and shoots, as in directions stating "the actor F.O.'s stage left after the dialogue," equivalent to "exits" or "departs." The term appears in production paperwork and on-set verbal cues, reflecting the industry's preference for terse, unambiguous shorthand to manage complex choreography.^[83] The phrase "fee-fi-fo-fum," originating from the English fairy tale Jack and the Beanstalk, has been adapted in various media, including animation and theater, where it represents the giant's chant signaling detection of intruders. In the 1947 Disney film Fun and Fancy Free, the character Willie the Giant performs it as a song, emphasizing its rhythmic, ominous tone in storytelling.^[84] This incantation recurs in adaptations like stage plays and musicals, underscoring themes of peril and folklore in popular entertainment.

Language, slang, and informal uses

Fuck off

"Fuck off" is a profane English interjection and imperative phrase employed to rudely dismiss or reject another person, often signaling irritation, disbelief, or a command to depart immediately.^[85] The expression combines the vulgar verb "fuck," of Germanic origin dating to at least the 15th century in English records, with "off," functioning as an adverbial particle to intensify the directive.^[86] Its earliest documented use as a complete phrase appears in 1929, marking its emergence in modern slang contexts amid broader popularization of "fuck"-derived compounds during the early 20th century.^[87] In contemporary usage, "fuck off" conveys strong interpersonal rejection, equivalent to milder phrases like "go away" but with heightened vulgarity and emotional force, commonly heard in informal spoken English, particularly in British and American dialects.^[88] It can also express incredulity, as in responding to an implausible statement, or serve as a standalone exclamation of frustration.^[85] The phrase's profane nature limits its acceptability in formal or professional settings, though it permeates popular media, literature, and casual discourse, reflecting evolving tolerances for obscenity since the mid-20th century. As an abbreviation, "FO" represents "fuck off" in digital communication, texting, and internet slang, allowing concise conveyance of the sentiment without spelling out the full vulgarity.^[89] This shorthand gained traction in online and mobile messaging environments, akin to other abbreviated profanities like "FU" for "fuck you," and appears in categories such as chat slang and military jargon for quick, emphatic dismissal.^[90] Usage of "FO" remains informal and context-dependent, often implying the original phrase's rudeness while evading content filters on platforms with profanity restrictions.^[89]

Finished object (crafting)

In crafting communities, particularly those involved in knitting, crochet, cross-stitch, and sewing, "FO" is an abbreviation for "finished object," denoting a completed handmade project such as a garment, accessory, or decorative item.^[91]^[92] Crafters often use the term to celebrate the culmination of a work-in-progress (WIP), sharing photographs or details of the FO on forums, blogs, and social media platforms to document achievements and seek feedback.^[93]^[94] The abbreviation emerged as part of the informal jargon in online crafting groups, where brevity aids communication in pattern instructions, project updates, and community discussions; for instance, a knitter might post "My latest FO: a cable-knit sweater" after binding off the final stitches.^[92]^[95] Unlike technical terms in patterns (where "FO" can alternatively mean "finish off" or "fasten off" for securing yarn ends), the "finished object" usage emphasizes the end result rather than a mid-process action.^[96] This distinction is maintained through context in enthusiast spaces, avoiding confusion in professional or instructional materials.^[97] Related variants include "FFO" for "finally finished object," applied to long-delayed or challenging projects, highlighting the relief of completion after extended effort.^[98]^[99] The term's prevalence underscores the iterative, goal-oriented nature of crafting hobbies, where tracking FOs motivates participants and fosters a sense of accomplishment amid time-intensive processes.^[100]^[101]

References

[1]
What is first-order logic (FOL)? – TechTarget Definition
Jan 19, 2023 · First-order logic (FOL) refers to logic in which the predicate of a sentence or statement can only refer to a single subject.
[2]
[PDF] First Order Logic
First order logic is a formal language to describe and reason about predicates. Modern efforts to study this logic grew out of a desire to study the ...
[3]
[PDF] First-Order Logic - Stanford University
What is First-Order Logic? ○ First-order logic is a logical system for reasoning about properties of objects. ○ Augments ...
[4]
[PDF] First-Order Logic
First-order logic can be understood as an extension of propositional logic. In propositional logic the atomic formulas have no internal structure—they are ...
[5]
[PDF] Undecidability of First-Order Logic - Computer Science
Many different proofs have been published since, including the proofs by László Kalmár (1905–1976) and Willard Quine. (1908-2000). A nice historical account of ...<|control11|><|separator|>
[6]
The Emergence of First-Order Logic (Stanford Encyclopedia of ...
Nov 17, 2018 · First-order logic has long been regarded as the “right” logic for investigations into the foundations of mathematics.George Boole · Charles S. Peirce · David Hilbert and Paul Bernays · Thoralf Skolem
[7]
[PDF] The Emergence of First-Order Logic - University Digital Conservancy
In 1923, when a young Norwegian mathematician named Thoralf Skolem argued that set theory should be based on first-order logic, it was a radical and ...
[8]
King Charles Street - London - GOV.UK
The first Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs was appointed in March 1782, but the first purpose-built Foreign Office was not begun until 1861. It was ...
[9]
A brief history of the the Foreign and Commonwealth Office
Apr 3, 2025 · Sir George Gilbert Scott was enlisted to design the Foreign Office. Construction began in 1861 and finished in 1868.
[10]
Foreign Office and Foreign and Commonwealth Office records from ...
The Foreign Office was created in 1782 and became the Foreign and Commonwealth Office in 1968. It was the government department responsible for the conduct of ...Missing: establishment | Show results with:establishment
[11]
The Permanent Under-Secretary of State: A brief history of the office ...
As the title of this booklet indicates, it is only a brief history of this increasingly influential office in the British Foreign & Commonwealth Office.
[12]
1968 and all that: the creation of the Foreign & Commonwealth Office
Oct 17, 2018 · On this day in 1968 the Foreign and Commonwealth Office was created. But how did it come about, and what changes has the organisation seen in the last 50 years?
[13]
Prime Minister announces merger of Department for International ...
Jun 17, 2020 · The new department – the Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office – will be established in early September and will be led by the Foreign ...
[14]
Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office - GOV.UK
We lead the UK's diplomatic, development and consular work around the world. FCDO is a ministerial department, supported by 11 agencies and public bodies .Working for FCDO · Contact the FCDO · UK sanctions · Research at FCDO
[15]
U.S. Army Ranks
Army ranks provide a system of leadership that indicates a Soldier's level of expertise, responsibility and authority inside that profession.
[16]
U.S. Military Rank Insignia - Department of War
Military rank is more than just who salutes whom. Military rank is a badge of leadership. Responsibility for personnel, equipment and mission grows with ...
[17]
Start Here - The Field Grade Leader
Field Grade Officer Defined: A senior military officer in the rank of Major, Lieutenant Colonel, or Colonel. This page is for anyone, civilian or military ...
[18]
https://tioh.army.mil/Catalog/PageFlow.aspx?CategoryId=9171&grp=2&menu=Uniformed%20Services
[19]
RAF Ranks | Royal Air Force
Rank insignia for commissioned ranks is worn on the lower arm of dress uniform. Pilot Officer. Flying Officer. Flight Lieutenant. Squadron Leader. Wing ...
[20]
Ranks - Royal Australian Air Force
Junior Officers. Rank badge Flight Lieutenant. Flight Lieutenant FLTLT. Rank badge Flying Officer. Flying Officer FLGOFF. Rank badge Pilot Officer. Pilot ...
[21]
Officer - RAF Recruitment - Royal Air Force
The entry rate of pay from day one is £33,100. On promotion to the rank of Flight Lieutenant pay increases to £50,500+. Further pay rises are dependent on ...
[22]
A return to the Royal Canadian Air Force ranks - Canada.ca
Apr 21, 2022 · The rank structure laid down for the Canadian Air Force included: air vice-marshal, air commodore, group captain, wing commander, squadron ...
[23]
Division 5: Other matters - ADF Pay and Conditions - Defence
1.3.40 Equivalent ranks and classifications ; Sub-Lieutenant, Lieutenant, Flying Officer ; Acting Sub-Lieutenant, Second Lieutenant, Pilot Officer ; Midshipman ...
[24]
RAF Pay Scales | RAF Ranks and Pay 2025-2026
Flying Officer Salary ; Rank, Level, 2025-26 Annual Salary ; Flying Officer, OF-1-5, £45,705 ; Flying Officer, OF-1-4, £44,288 ; Flying Officer, OF-1-3, £42,872.
[25]
Fire support specialists are eyes of field artillery | Article - Army.mil
Feb 10, 2017 · This is the responsibility of the fire support specialist, commonly called the forward observer, which is military occupational specialty 13F.
[26]
Fire for effect: Notes on the forward observer | Article - Army.mil
Jan 8, 2023 · Soldiers in joint fire support roles, also known as forward observers, play an essential role in coordinating indirect and air support fire from a vantage.
[27]
Forward observing, forward moving | Article | The United States Army
Feb 6, 2025 · The role of the forward observers is to assess the target impact area, take inventory of the terrain and determine grid coordinates to send to long range fires ...Missing: history | Show results with:history
[28]
Patriot forward observers test capabilities, certify skills - Army.mil
May 8, 2014 · Forward observers call in artillery, mortar and close air support by giving an accurate description and location of a target. Fisher, a native ...
[29]
Forward observers, deliver precision fires | Article - Army.mil
Sep 28, 2015 · Gibson and his Soldiers have a critical role to help a ground commander shape a battle field by delivering illumination rounds to increase night ...
[30]
Ready First forward observers conduct fire support certification training
Mar 6, 2023 · FORT BLISS, Texas - Forward observers assigned to 2nd Battalion, 3rd Field Artillery Regiment conduct fire support certifications on Feb.
[31]
The Role of the Forward Observer and Artillery during the Korean War
In divisional artillery battalions, each firing battery usually used the standard method of having two Forward Observers and crew on the Main Line of Resistance ...Missing: definition | Show results with:definition
[32]
Airline Captain and First Officer Explained - ATP Flight School
A First Officer in aviation is a commercial airline pilot who helps navigate and operate flights. They work in the cockpit with the Captain to assist them with ...
[33]
What Is a First Officer on a Plane? - Superior Flight School
Sep 30, 2024 · This means informing the crew of all flight details and confirming that all crew are capable of performing their duties.
[34]
First Officer Pilot - FutureQuals
The role of the first officer is to support the aircraft Commander and to assist her/him in the safe and efficient conduct of the flight. In the event of the ...Missing: definition | Show results with:definition
[35]
Responsibilities of High-Experience First Officers in Aviation
Monitoring and Systems Management. First Officers in aviation play crucial roles in monitoring and managing aircraft systems, ensuring their smooth operation.Missing: definition qualifications
[36]
[PDF] First Officer Qualifications Aviation Rulemaking Committee
Jul 16, 2010 · The First Officer is now an integral part of the flight crew with specific duties, responsibilities, and FAA accountability. He or she is.
[37]
[PDF] Department of Transportation - Federal Aviation Administration
Pilots serving as an air carrier pilot in command. (captain) must have, in addition to an airline transport pilot certificate, at least. 1,000 flight hours in ...
[38]
https://www.faa.gov/documentLibrary/media/Advisory_Circular/AC_61-138.pdf
[39]
First Officer - United Airlines jobs
Prefer a minimum of 100 hours of flight time within the last 12 months. General requirements: Current passport with at least six-months of validity remaining at ...
[40]
The Evolution of Commercial Pilots - Contrary
Jul 11, 2023 · In the 1950s, a typical commercial aircraft cockpit was staffed with five crew members: a captain, a co-pilot or first officer, a flight ...
[41]
The Third Lieutenants | Air & Space Forces Magazine
When the United States entered the war, the Army still was woefully short of commissioned pilots, but it had graduated more than 400 men as sergeant pilots, and ...
[42]
Sergeants, Service Pilots and Civilians - Warfare History Network
In late 1942, a new rank called Flight Officer was established, basically as a warrant officer position. Warrant officers are given a “warrant” rather than ...
[43]
[PDF] A Visual Guide To: US Army Air Forces Rank Insignia, World War II
Nov 7, 2018 · The insignia was to be a gold bar ⅜ inch wide and 1 inch long, with rounded edges and brown enamel (blue enamel for the Flight Officer).
[44]
Facts about the Faroe Islands | Nordic cooperation
Geography. The Faroes consist of 18 islands. At 1,400 km2, it has the smallest landmass of the three autonomous territories in the Nordic Region.
[45]
Faroe Islands - Population, Total - 2025 Data 2026 Forecast 1960 ...
Population, total in Faroe Islands was reported at 54719 in 2024, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially ...
[46]
Constitutional status - The Government of the Faroe Islands
The Faroe Islands are vested with internal and external autonomy within the Realm of the Kingdom of Denmark.
[47]
Constitutional Status - Faroe Islands
The Danish Government grants an annual subsidy to the Faroe Islands, commonly called the Block Grant. In 2001 it was reduced from 982 million DKK to 616 million ...
[48]
Faroe Islands - The World Factbook - CIA
Sep 16, 2025 · Faroe Islands · Photos of Faroe Islands · Introduction · Geography · People and Society · Environment · Government · Economy ...Missing: history | Show results with:history
[49]
Foreign Trade - The Government of the Faroe Islands
Fish and fish products account for between 90 and 95 percent of the total export value, and around 20 percent of the GDP and 15 percent of the labor force are ...
[50]
GDP in current prices up by 8% in 2021 | Statistics Faroe Islands
Oct 14, 2022 · Gross value added at current prices, 2020 and 2021 ; Total, 18,723.8, 20,239.2 ; Fishing, 2,024.4, 2,015.9 ...
[51]
Faroe Islands | Economic Indicators | Moody's Analytics
Fishing has been the main source of income for the Faroe Islands since the late 19th century, but dependence on fishing makes the economy vulnerable to price ...
[52]
Italy Provinces - Statoids
~2000: Name of Forlì province changed to Forlì-Cesena, and its sigla changed from FO to FC ; name of Verbania province changed to Verbano-Cusio-Ossola. 2001-07- ...
[53]
Standard Abbreviations of Italian Regions and Provinces
BO - Bologna • FE - Ferrara • FO - Forli-Cesena • MO - Modena • PC - Piacenza • PR - Parma • RA - Ravenna • RE - Reggio Emilia • RN - Rimini. FRI - Friuli ...
[54]
Classical Logic - Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
Sep 16, 2000 · The following sections provide the basics of a typical logic, sometimes called “classical elementary logic” or “classical first-order logic”.
[55]
[PDF] First-Order Logic: Syntax and Semantics
Feb 28, 2020 · Propositional logic assumes that the world or system being modeled can be described in terms of a fixed, known set of propositions.Missing: history | Show results with:history
[56]
[PDF] Syntax of First-Order Logic
The expressions of first-order logic are terms and formulas. Terms are formed from variables, constant symbols, and function symbols.
[57]
[PDF] First-Order Logic in a Nutshell
The goal of this brief introduction to First-Order Logic is to illustrate and summarise some of the basic concepts of this language and to show how it is ...
[58]
Syntax and Semantics of First-Order Logic in AI - GeeksforGeeks
Jul 23, 2025 · The syntax of first-order logic consists of symbols and rules for constructing well-formed formulas (WFFs), which are statements or formulas in ...Syntax of First-Order Logic · Semantics of First-Order LogicMissing: history | Show results with:history<|separator|>
[59]
First-order Model Theory - Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
Nov 10, 2001 · First-order model theory, also known as classical model theory, is a branch of mathematics that deals with the relationships between descriptions in first- ...
[60]
The completeness theorem for first order logic
Godel is also responsible for proving (1930) that first order predicate logic *is* complete. The incompleteness proofs apply to formal systems strong enough ...
[61]
XSL-FO (Extensible Stylesheet Language – Formatting Objects)
Extensible Stylesheet Language – Formatting Objects (XSL-FO) is a markup language based on XML that describes how text, images, lines, and other graphic ...
[62]
XSL Formatting Objects - Cafe con Leche
The XSL formatting model is based on rectangular boxes called areas that can contain text, empty space, images, or other formatting objects.
[63]
Formatting Objects - W3C
There are three kinds of formatting objects: (1) those that generate areas, (2) those that return areas, but do not generate them, and (3) those that are used ...
[64]
XSL Formatting Objects Summary - W3C
An fo:marker may contain any formatting objects that are permitted as a replacement of any fo:retrieve-marker that retrieves the fo:marker's children.Declarations, etc. · In-line level FOs · Table FOs · Link FOs
[65]
XSL Formatting Objects Tutorial - RenderX
In XSL FO (XSLFO), you can specify borders, padding, and background on regions in exactly the same way as you do it on blocks. The first page in this example ...
[66]
a print formatter driven by XSL formatting objects ... - Apache(tm) FOP
Introduction. Apache™ FOP (Formatting Objects Processor) is a print formatter driven by XSL formatting objects (XSL-FO) and an output independent formatter.Downloading A Distribution · Quick Start Guide · Apache™ FOP: XSL-FO Input · Run
[67]
Using XSL Formatting Objects - XML.com
Jan 17, 2001 · XSL Formatting Objects is itself an XML-based markup language that lets you specify in great detail the pagination, layout, and styling information.
[68]
Mineral Names and Information
forsterite, Fo, Mg2(SiO4). foshagite, Fos, Ca4(Si3O9)(OH)2. franklinite, Frk, (Zn,Mn+ ... The minerals on this list of rock-forming mineral names and ...
[69]
Olivine - (Fe,Mg) 2 SiO 4 - ALEX STREKEISEN
The notation is shortened to Fo70. In addition to the forsterite-fayalite series, other complete solid-solution series exist among the various olivine minerals.Missing: abbreviation | Show results with:abbreviation
[70]
Valves - Fail-Open (FO) - The Engineering ToolBox
Valves - Fail-Open (FO). A control valve that goes to open position if control signal or air fails. A control valve ...
[71]
Process Safety Beacon: Can a Fail-Open Valve Fail Closed? - AIChE
The valve was designed to fail open so that cooling water could flow even in the case of utility failure. An incident occurred with a batch reactor when a fail- ...
[72]
Fiber Optic Industry Acronyms
FO. Common abbreviation for "fiber optic ". FO-2, FO-6. See TIA/IEEE STANDARDS COMMITTEES. FOCIS. Fiber Optic Connector Intermateability Standard. FOCS. Fiber ...
[73]
FO Telecom Abbreviation Meaning - All Acronyms
FO in Telecom commonly stands for Fiber Optic, a technology that uses glass or plastic fibers to transmit data as light signals.
[74]
FO - Business & Finance - Acronym Finder
What does FO stand for? Your abbreviation search returned 81 meanings. showing only Business & Finance definitions (Show all). Link/Page Citation. Page/Link.
[75]
What does FO stand for? - Abbreviations.com
What does FO mean? This page is about the various possible meanings of the acronym, abbreviation, shorthand or slang term: FO. ; FO. Front Office. Business » ...
[76]
FO Business Abbreviation Meaning - All Acronyms
FO in Business commonly refers to Field Operations, which involves the management and execution of activities conducted outside of a central office.
[77]
F. O. Matthiessen | Research Starters - EBSCO
Francis Otto Matthiessen, born on February 19, 1902, in Pasadena, California, was a prominent American literary critic and scholar best known for his ...
[78]
F. O. Matthiessen Plunges to Death from Hotel Window | News
Francis Otto Matthiessen, professor of History and Literature, jumped to his death early this morning from the 12th floor of the Hotel Manger in Boston.
[79]
Politics and art in the criticism of F. O. Matthiessen | The New Criterion
The Harvard professor FO Matthiessen was one of the most influential figures in the development of the academic criticism of American literature.
[80]
People with F Initials - JetPunk
From FA to FZ name the famous person with each set of initials. For example ... FO. Singer whose albums include "Channel Orange" and "Blonde". Frank ...
[81]
Top 35 Famous People with Initials FO - Playback.fm
The most famous person with the initials FO is Frank Ocean. Other famous people with the initials include celebrities like Frei Otto and Feargus O'Connor.
[82]
People with the initials: FO
People with the initials: FO · Frank Ocean · Frank Oz · Frederick Olmsted · Flannery O'Connor · Friedrich Olbricht · Fred Ottman · Fuse ODG · Francisco Orellana ...
[83]
On-Set Terminology: “F.O.” - Stand-In Central
Jan 18, 2012 · “Fo” stands for “fucks off.” It is not meant in the rude sense. Instead, it is a somewhat crude synonym for “exits” or “goes away.”
[84]
https://www.disney.fandom.com/wiki/Fee-Fi-Fo-Fum
[85]
fuck off - American Heritage Dictionary Entry
fuck off. 1. Used in the imperative as a signal of angry dismissal. 2. To spend time idly. 3. To masturbate. fuck over. To treat unfairly; take advantage of ...<|separator|>
[86]
Eff - Etymology, Origin & Meaning
A widespread group of Slavic words (such as Polish pierdolić) can mean both "fornicate" and "make a mistake." Fuck off is attested from 1929; as a command ...
[87]
The surprising origins of your f*cking favorite swear words - Mashable
Oct 16, 2020 · 1929: "fuck off". 1960: "fuck-all". The word "motherfucker" in red ... Middle French saw it as crape, a word meaning "siftings" which ...
[88]
fuck you / fuck off | WordReference Forums
Aug 25, 2006 · Fuck you: it means that you do not like, respect or care about someone. Fuck off: it used especially as a rude way of telling someone to go away.Missing: FO | Show results with:FO
[89]
FO Fuck Off - All Acronyms
FO - Fuck Off. The abbreviation FO stands for Fuck Off and is mostly used in the following categories: Chat, Internet Slang, Slang, Texting, Military.
[90]
American English Standard Acronyms - letter F
FO, Fuck Off. FOAD, Fuck Off And Die. FOAF, Friend Of A Friend. FOAG, Fuck Off And Google. fob, the name for a tool, or form of ID. FOC, Free of Charge. FOFL ...
[91]
FO Knitting Abbreviation Meaning - All Acronyms
FO in Knitting refers to Finished Object, which denotes a completed project or item that has been fully crafted, often shared within crafting communities to ...
[92]
Guide to Crochet Terms and Abbreviations - The Spruce Crafts
Sep 14, 2024 · FO = finished object; this term is not necessarily used in crochet patterns but it's a common abbreviation used among crafters when talking ...
[93]
Knitting terms explained - Gathered
Jun 17, 2024 · FO. Finished object. A completed knitting project. Frogging. Undoing the stitches in a piece of knitting, either to correct a mistake or to ...
[94]
https://www.stitchandstory.com/blogs/getting-started/20-knitting-and-crochet-terms-from-cal-to-yarnie
[95]
How to Talk Like a Knitter or Crocheter - Fiber and Fox
Oct 25, 2019 · F.O.: “Finished object.” This is when your WIP is all grown up and graduates to being a finished project! Sometimes people say out the ...Missing: crafting | Show results with:crafting
[96]
What Does FO Mean in Crochet? | AllFreeCrochet.com
The abbreviation FO can mean two things: Finish Off or Fasten Off. The term often comes near the end of a pattern. It can also mean Finished Object.<|separator|>
[97]
Say What? Sewing Acronyms - American Sewing Guild
Jul 12, 2024 · FFO: Finally finished object; FM: Free motion; FOB: Fear of buttonholes; FOE: Fold-over elastic; FQ: Fat quarter of fabric (18” x 21”); FSH ...
[98]
Term of the Week: FFO - Little Thread Crafts
FFO stands for Finally Finished Object. It is the term and acronym for when you finish a UFO, or really any piece that feels like it's taken forever to finish.Missing: abbreviation | Show results with:abbreviation
[99]
https://www.caterpillarcrossstitch.com/blogs/blog/cross-stitch-acronyms-explained
[100]
UFOs and a WIP turned FO - Merula Designs
Jan 24, 2020 · FO = Finished Object – This speaks for itself. · WIP = Work In Progress – This refers to a piece of knitting that is actively worked on, or at ...
[101]
https://twolittlekits.com/pages/terms-and-acronyms