Katalon Studio
Katalon Studio is an all-in-one, low-code test automation platform developed by Katalon, Inc., designed to streamline the creation, execution, and management of automated tests for web, mobile, API, and desktop applications.[1][2] Built upon open-source frameworks like Selenium and Appium, it supports keyword-driven testing, enabling users of varying expertise levels—from beginners to advanced developers—to build robust test scripts without extensive coding.[2][1] Katalon, Inc. was founded in 2016 and is headquartered in Atlanta, Georgia, with an additional office in Vietnam; its product incubation began in 2015 at KMS Labs, leading to the initial release of Katalon Studio that year.[3] Key milestones include the 2023 introduction of Katalon Runtime Engine, the 2024 launch of Katalon Studio Enterprise, the 2021 introduction of Katalon TestOps for test management, and a $27 million Series A funding round that same year to support global expansion.[3][4][5][6][7] By 2022, the company unveiled the unified Katalon Platform and cloud-based TestCloud for scalable execution, followed in 2024 by enhanced AI capabilities recognized in the Gartner Market Guide for AI-Augmented Software Testing Tools, and in 2025 named a Visionary in the Gartner Magic Quadrant for AI-Augmented Software Testing Tools.[3][8][9] The platform integrates AI-driven features, such as StudioAssist for natural language test generation and optimization, to accelerate testing workflows and reduce maintenance efforts, while offering enterprise-grade security, CI/CD integrations, and cross-browser/device support.[1][10][11] Trusted by over 30,000 teams worldwide, including Fortune Global 500 companies, Katalon Studio has earned accolades as a G2 Leader for 18 consecutive quarters as of 2025 and a two-time Deloitte Technology Fast 500 honoree, emphasizing its role in empowering quality assurance and DevOps practices.[12][13][14]History and Development
Founding and Initial Release
Katalon Studio was initially incubated in 2015 at KMS Labs, a division of KMS Technology, by a team of engineers aiming to streamline test automation processes for software development projects.[3] This development effort addressed key pain points in existing tools, such as complex setup requirements and poor integration, which hindered efficient testing for clients ranging from startups to large enterprises.[15] The tool was conceived as an extension to open-source frameworks like Selenium and Appium, enhancing their capabilities with built-in recording features and keyword-driven scripting to make automation more accessible.[15] In 2016, Katalon, Inc. was established as a spinoff from KMS Technology, headquartered in Atlanta, Georgia, to commercialize and expand the product.[16] The company's founding team, led by Vietnamese engineers from KMS, focused on creating a versatile solution that bridged low-code and full-code approaches, reducing scripting barriers for users with varying technical expertise.[17] This emphasis on user-friendliness stemmed from internal needs at KMS, where the tool had been refined over three years as a proprietary framework before broader adoption.[15] The first public release of Katalon Studio occurred on September 12, 2016, offered as a free integrated development environment (IDE) for automated testing of web, mobile, and API applications.[15] This launch marked a pivotal shift from internal use to open availability, enabling teams to leverage its intuitive interface without licensing costs, while supporting seamless integration into continuous integration/continuous deployment (CI/CD) pipelines.[3]Major Versions and Updates
Katalon Studio's evolution has been marked by regular major version releases that introduce new capabilities and improve existing ones, beginning with early enhancements to core testing functionalities. In 2017, Katalon Studio introduced support for mobile testing, enabling automation for Android and iOS applications using Appium integration, which expanded the tool's scope beyond web UI testing.[18] The 7.x series, released between 2019 and 2020, brought significant advancements in API testing, including the ability to import RESTful requests from OpenAPI Specification 3.0 and WADLs, as well as support for parameterizing SOAP endpoints and body content for various HTTP methods.[19] Improved reporting features were also added, such as browser-based video recording for test executions and integration with Katalon TestOps for BDD report exports.[19] Version 8.x, launched in 2021 starting with 8.0.0 on May 10, incorporated native integration with Azure DevOps Test Plans, facilitating seamless submission of test results and release information directly from the tool.[4] This series also enhanced desktop application testing by adopting Microsoft Edge (Chromium) as the default embedded browser and optimizing performance for project loading and memory usage.[4] The 9.x releases from 2023 to early 2025, beginning with 9.0.0 on October 24, 2023, focused on bolstering cross-browser compatibility, with ongoing updates supporting the latest versions of Chrome, Edge, and Firefox—such as Chrome 118 in 9.0.0 and up to Chrome 134 in 9.7.5 by March 19, 2025.[5] Performance optimizations were prominent, including an 82% reduction in large project startup time and 25% faster test suite executions in 9.0.0, alongside improvements to API test execution and Windows desktop keywords in subsequent updates.[5] The 10.x series, beginning with 10.0.0 on October 30, 2024, and continuing into 2025, adopted Selenium 4.22, Java Client 9.2.3, and full compliance with W3C WebDriver standards, while adding support for iOS 18 and new tab management keywords.[10] Initial AI-driven features emerged in this series, with 10.4.0 released on October 27, 2025, introducing AI Test Case Failure Analysis and beta Automated Code Migration tools to enhance test generation and maintenance.[10] As of November 2025, Katalon Studio continues to receive updates, with version 10.4.1 incorporating minor fixes to the AI automation enhancements introduced in 10.4.0, including StudioAssist for contextual AI assistance, representing the latest push toward intelligent test optimization.[10]Core Features
Test Automation Capabilities
Katalon Studio enables users to create automated tests for web user interfaces through its record-and-playback functionality, which captures interactions with the application and generates executable scripts without requiring manual coding.[20] To use this feature, testers create a new test case, launch the Record Web utility to select a browser, perform actions such as clicking elements or entering text on the target website, and then stop the recording to generate a script based on the captured events.[20] The resulting test case includes captured objects stored in the Object Repository for reuse, supporting multiple browsers like Chrome, Firefox, and Edge, while allowing post-recording edits for customization.[20] The tool supports scriptless test case design via a keyword-driven approach, where built-in keywords perform predefined actions and can be assembled using drag-and-drop interfaces in the test case editor.[2] Testers drag keywords from the Keywords Browser—such as those for navigation, verification, or interaction—directly into the editor to build test flows, enabling non-technical users to author tests without writing code.[21] Custom keywords can also be created and reused to extend functionality, maintaining a modular structure for test maintenance.[2] Test execution in Katalon Studio occurs in multiple modes, including local runs directly from the IDE or command-line interface using Katalon Runtime Engine, remote execution via agents integrated with Katalon TestOps, and scheduled runs for automated triggering across environments.[22] Local execution allows immediate testing on the user's machine, while remote and scheduled options facilitate distributed runs on cloud resources or CI/CD pipelines without manual intervention.[23] Built-in reporting provides comprehensive insights into test outcomes through dashboards that display results, execution logs, and captured screenshots for failure analysis.[2] After execution, users access the Log Viewer for detailed step-by-step logs and the Result tab for suite-level summaries, including pass/fail rates and visual evidence like screenshots taken at key points.[24] These reports can be exported in formats such as HTML, PDF, or CSV for sharing and further review.[24] As of October 2025, version 10.3 introduced redesigned email reports with enhanced visuals and analytics for better failure diagnosis.[25] Data-driven testing is supported by integrating external data sources like CSV and Excel files, allowing tests to iterate over multiple input sets for validation.[26] Users import CSV or Excel files via the New Test Data wizard, preview the data, and bind variables in test cases to columns for automated parameterization, enabling scalable testing without script modifications.[26] This feature handles data types like strings and numbers, with options to disable automatic conversions for precise binding.[26]AI and Low-Code Tools
Katalon Studio integrates AI-powered features to enhance test automation by improving object recognition and reducing maintenance efforts. Self-healing locators, enhanced in version 9.3.1 via Smart Locator technology, automatically adapt to dynamic UI elements such as those in shadow DOMs or iframes, minimizing test failures due to locator instability.[5] For low-code accessibility, Katalon Studio offers custom keywords as reusable, modular components that users can define without deep programming knowledge, blending drag-and-drop interfaces with optional scripting. These keywords, created in the Manual View for non-coders or Script View for advanced users, extend built-in functionality and can incorporate Groovy scripting for hybrid approaches, such as defining browser actions likerefreshBrowser() with the @Keyword annotation. This enables teams with varying expertise to build and maintain tests efficiently, promoting scalability in diverse environments.[27]
The Object Spy tool further simplifies dynamic element identification by automating the capture of stable properties like IDs, names, or text, bypassing the need for manual XPath construction. It recommends relative locators over absolute ones and combines attributes for uniqueness, such as //input[@name='qty' and @type='text'], while integrating with browser extensions like Chrome Developer Tools for real-time verification. This approach ensures robust handling of fluctuating web elements, enhancing test reliability across sessions.[28]
As of 2025, Katalon Studio's AI-driven optimizations address flaky tests through advanced detection and auto-fixes, analyzing historical execution data and runtime behaviors to pinpoint inconsistencies like locator shifts. Self-healing mechanisms, powered by visual AI, perform automatic locator replacements using redundant identifiers (e.g., CSS alongside XPath) and compare DOM snapshots with screenshots to repair issues on-the-fly, significantly shortening maintenance cycles and stabilizing CI/CD pipelines. Version 10.3, released in October 2025, extended self-healing capabilities to mobile testing for greater resilience.[29][25]
Technical Architecture
Underlying Technologies
Katalon Studio is built primarily on Selenium WebDriver, which serves as the foundational engine for automating web application interactions across various browsers. This integration enables robust web UI testing by leveraging Selenium's capabilities for element location, action simulation, and browser control.[30] For mobile application testing, Katalon Studio incorporates Appium, allowing seamless automation of native, hybrid, and mobile web apps on Android and iOS platforms. Appium's client-server architecture is utilized to execute tests on real devices or emulators, supporting a wide range of locators and gestures specific to mobile environments.[30][31] API testing in Katalon Studio relies on REST Assured alongside built-in HTTP clients, facilitating the creation of requests, response validation, and assertion handling for RESTful services. These tools support comprehensive API workflows, including authentication, parameterization, and data-driven testing without requiring extensive custom coding.[30] Custom extensions and script mode operations in Katalon Studio are powered by Groovy, a dynamic scripting language compatible with Java syntax, which allows users to write reusable keywords and handle complex logic efficiently.[30][21] Starting with version 10.0.0 in 2024, Katalon Studio adopted Selenium 4, aligning with W3C WebDriver standards to enhance browser configuration, performance, and cross-browser compatibility through improved protocol compliance and reduced legacy dependencies.[32]Supported Platforms and Frameworks
Katalon Studio supports testing of web applications across multiple browsers, including Chrome, Firefox, Safari, and Edge, leveraging the Selenium WebDriver for automation.[33] It is compatible with various front-end frameworks such as ReactJS, AngularJS, and VueJS, enabling comprehensive testing of modern web interfaces.[33] For mobile applications, Katalon Studio facilitates testing on both iOS and Android platforms, covering native, hybrid, and mobile web apps through integration with Appium.[33] It utilizes Appium's UiAutomator2 driver (version 3.7.0 and above) for Android and XCUITest driver (version 7.21.1 and above) for iOS, though elements within embedded web views may require manual handling due to capture limitations.[33] API testing in Katalon Studio encompasses RESTful services (supporting OpenAPI 2.0/3.0 and WADL specifications), SOAP protocols (versions 1.1 and 1.2), and GraphQL endpoints.[33] It includes robust authentication options such as AWS Signature, Basic, Bearer Token, Digest, OAuth 1.0/2.0, and NTLM to handle secure API interactions.[33] Desktop application testing is supported primarily on Windows environments, including Universal Windows Platform (UWP), WinForms, Windows Presentation Foundation (WPF), and Win32 applications on Windows 10 and later, utilizing tools like WinAppDriver.[33] In terms of testing frameworks, Katalon Studio integrates with Behavior-Driven Development (BDD) via Cucumber (version 7.0.0 and above), allowing teams to write tests in Gherkin syntax for collaborative specification.[33] It also enables data-driven testing methodologies using TestNG or JUnit, with additional database connectivity for PostgreSQL (version 42.2.17), Oracle SQL (version 12.1.0.2), and SQL Server (version 6.2.2) in Enterprise editions.[33] These compatibilities are underpinned by core technologies like Selenium for web and Appium for mobile, as detailed in the product's technical architecture.[33]Product Ecosystem
Katalon TestOps
Katalon TestOps is a cloud-based quality management platform designed as a companion to Katalon Studio, providing centralized orchestration for test planning, execution, and analytics in software development workflows.[34] Launched in July 2021 as a SaaS solution, it enables teams to streamline testing operations by unifying manual, automated, and AI-generated tests while minimizing tool fragmentation.[35] The platform supports end-to-end test lifecycle management, from authoring and organization to reporting, helping QA teams achieve higher coverage and faster release cycles.[36] Key features include traceability matrices that visualize the linkage between requirements, test cases, and defects to ensure comprehensive coverage and compliance.[34] Requirement-test linking allows users to map tests directly to project requirements imported from tools like Jira, facilitating impact analysis and gap identification during development sprints.[34] Execution orchestration capabilities enable scheduling and parallel running of tests across local, cloud, or CI/CD environments, with built-in support for Katalon Runtime Engine to scale executions without manual intervention.[34] Integration with Katalon Studio occurs through direct import and export of test artifacts, such as scripts and execution results, allowing teams to manage core Studio-generated tests within a unified dashboard for oversight and optimization.[34] This bidirectional flow ensures that tests developed in Studio's low-code environment can be planned, executed, and analyzed seamlessly in TestOps.[34] TestOps incorporates AI-powered insights to enhance decision-making, including automated detection of test coverage gaps through analytics dashboards.[36] These capabilities, bolstered by updates in 2025 such as advanced visual testing with AI-driven layout comparisons, help prioritize flaky tests and reduce maintenance efforts in UI validation scenarios.[37] AI features also extend to generating test recommendations and optimizing suites for better regression coverage.[38] Pricing for Katalon TestOps is structured in flexible tiers integrated with the broader Katalon platform, starting with a free plan that offers unlimited usage of core features for small teams alongside Katalon Studio.[39] Paid options include the Create plan at $84 per user per month (billed annually, promotional), scaling to the Expand plan at $168 per user per month for additional execution sessions, and custom Enterprise plans with unlimited users, dedicated support, and on-premises deployment options.[39]Katalon Recorder
Katalon Recorder is a lightweight, free browser extension developed by Katalon, Inc., serving as a Selenium IDE-compatible alternative for automating web tests through record and playback functionality.[40] It was introduced in 2018 for Chrome and Firefox browsers, with subsequent support added for Edge, addressing the need for a simple tool to replace the deprecated Selenium IDE after Firefox's version 57 update disrupted its compatibility.[41][42] In December 2024, Katalon introduced Recorder Plus (beta), a new recording engine integrated into Katalon Studio for capturing more reliable locators and supporting broader testing scenarios.[43] The tool enables users to capture web interactions—such as clicking elements, entering text, and navigating pages—directly within the browser, generating executable test scripts for immediate playback and verification.[44] It supports essential features like variables for handling dynamic data in tests, assertions to check conditions like element presence or text content, and basic JavaScript scripting to add conditional logic or custom commands without requiring advanced programming knowledge. These capabilities allow for straightforward creation of data-driven and scenario-based automations, with options to debug steps by pausing playback or viewing execution logs. Test artifacts created in Katalon Recorder can be exported in formats compatible with Katalon Studio, such as Groovy or Java, facilitating seamless transition to more robust test development.[40] As a browser-based solution, Katalon Recorder is limited to web automation only, lacking support for mobile applications or API testing, which positions it ideally for exploratory testing, rapid prototyping, and quick validation of user flows in web environments.[44]Katalium Framework
Katalium is an open-source, Java-based test automation framework developed by Katalon, released in July 2019 to provide advanced users with a structured blueprint for building Selenium and TestNG-based projects.[45][46] It extends the capabilities of standard Selenium by offering lightweight abstractions that simplify test creation and maintenance, while preserving the full functionality of underlying tools like TestNG for test execution and reporting.[47][48] Designed primarily for developers and automation engineers familiar with programmatic testing, Katalium minimizes the learning curve for transitioning from basic Selenium scripts to scalable enterprise solutions.[49] At its core, Katalium introduces specialized annotations, page object models, and utility classes that go beyond vanilla Selenium implementations. For instance, it utilizes the@FindBy annotation from Selenium's PageFactory to declaratively locate WebElements, enabling cleaner and more maintainable code in page classes that extend the abstract PageTemplate class.[50] This framework enforces a Page Object Model (POM) pattern, where pages are represented as classes with methods for interactions, and automatic initialization occurs in test classes extending TestTemplate, which handles WebDriver setup and teardown.[50][51] Additional utilities include wrapper methods like waitUntil around WebDriverWait, allowing concise explicit waits without repetitive boilerplate code.[50]
Katalium facilitates the creation of custom keywords and plugins tailored to domain-specific automation needs, empowering users to define reusable methods within test classes or extend the framework for bespoke behaviors.[49] These extensions integrate seamlessly with build management tools such as Maven and Gradle, supporting dependency resolution and project structuring for collaborative development environments.[52] In enterprise scenarios, Katalium supports the development of large-scale, maintainable test suites by promoting modular design and compatibility with CI/CD pipelines, often complemented by tools like Katalium Server for simplified grid management and enhanced debugging through real-time screenshots and logging.[49] Although no longer actively developed, its open-source nature on GitHub continues to enable community contributions and adaptations for ongoing use.[47][48]