Fact-checked by Grok 2 weeks ago

Marrakesh


Marrakesh (: المراكش, romanized: al-Marākeš; : ⵎⵔⴰⴽⵛ, romanized: Marakš) is a historic city in southwestern , capital of the region and one of the North African kingdom's four imperial cities alongside Fez, , and . Founded between 1070 and 1072 by the under leader as a fortified capital, it rapidly emerged as a political, economic, and cultural powerhouse in the western , influencing trade routes across the and Mediterranean. The city's distinctive red ochre hue, derived from local used in its walls and buildings since the Almoravid era, bestows upon it the enduring moniker "the Red City." As Morocco's fourth-largest , Marrakesh's metropolitan reached an estimated 1,085,000 in 2025, supporting a diverse anchored in , which draws millions annually to its labyrinthine souks and vibrant Jemaa el-Fna square, alongside in the surrounding Haouz Plain and traditional crafts like leatherworking and textiles. The , encompassing palaces, mosques such as the Koutoubia, and riads, was inscribed as a in 1985 for exemplifying medieval Islamic and as a testament to successive dynasties' architectural legacies from Almoravids to Saadians. Positioned at the foothills of the Mountains, Marrakesh functions as a gateway for excursions into valleys and desert oases, bolstering its role in Morocco's service sector amid ongoing modernization in the Gueliz district. Despite its allure, the city grapples with challenges like in an arid climate and rapid straining , underscoring tensions between preservation of its tangible and contemporary development pressures.

Names and Etymology

Etymology and Historical Names

The name Marrakesh originates from the Berber (Amazigh) language, with the most widely accepted etymology tracing it to the phrase mur (n) akush or amur (n) akush, translating to "Land of God." This interpretation reflects the site's perceived sanctity in pre-Islamic Berber cosmology, though some linguistic analyses debate the precise phrasing and suggest phonetic evolutions from earlier Tamazight terms denoting divine or elevated terrain. In , the name was rendered as Murākush (مراكش), a direct adopted during the city's founding in the and preserved in medieval Islamic chronicles as a toponym evoking the substrate. languages adapted it variably: as Marrakech (reflecting nasalized pronunciation), English as Marrakesh, as Marrakech or Marraquex, and as Marraquexe, with these forms emerging from medieval records and cartographic influences without altering the core Berber- root. Modern standardized usage favors Marrakesh in English for its closer phonetic fidelity to the original .

History

Prehistoric and Berber Origins

The Haouz plain, encompassing the site of modern Marrakesh, exhibits evidence of occupation dating back to at least the mid-Holocene period. Archaeological surveys have identified surface scatters of polished stone axes and tools akin to those from Capsian-influenced sites, pointing to early agricultural and pastoral activities by prehistoric communities. A key site, M'Zoudia in the Haouz de Marrakech, reveals artifacts from the Toulkinien culture, characterized by microlithic tools and evidence of cultural links between the Mountains and the plain, suggesting settled farming groups adapted to the fertile alluvial soils. These prehistoric inhabitants likely represented proto-Berber populations, North African groups who practiced a combination of sedentary in the Haouz's riverine zones and transhumant across the surrounding steppes and . Stone tools and faunal remains from regional sites indicate reliance on domesticated cereals, sheep, and goats, with no signs of centralized authority or urbanism; instead, dispersed villages and seasonal camps dominated settlement patterns. By the protohistoric era, prior to Phoenician or Roman contacts further north, tribal confederations—such as elements of the and groups—held sway over the Haouz, leveraging its strategic position for trade routes linking the to the Atlantic coast. These tribes enforced regional control through kinship-based alliances and raids, maintaining nomadic influences that shaped land use, with the plain serving as prime pastureland for vast herds rather than fortified towns. dominance persisted through the early centuries , resisting external incursions and fostering oral traditions of territorial stewardship that underscored the area's pre-Islamic indigenous continuity.

Foundation under Almoravids (1062–1147)

In 1062, , the leader of the —a confederation originating from the tribes of the —established Marrakesh as a fortified on the Tensift River plain, south of the , to consolidate control over newly conquered territories in and the western following victories against local rivals and to defend against potential incursions from nomadic groups in the south. The site's strategic location facilitated rapid deployment of Almoravid forces, blending nomadic warfare traditions with emerging Islamic governance structures, and marked a shift from transient camps to a permanent urban base amid the dynasty's expansion from northward. Under Yusuf's direction, initial construction emphasized defensive and religious infrastructure, including the erection of rudimentary palaces and the Ben Youssef Mosque around 1070, which served as the city's first and exemplified an early synthesis of Saharan austerity with Maliki Islamic orthodoxy imported from Qayrawan, featuring simple halls adapted to local materials like and palm wood. These structures not only anchored Almoravid authority—Yusuf adopting the title amir al-muslimin (commander of the Muslims) without claiming caliphal pretensions—but also projected imperial legitimacy, drawing scholars and administrators to foster a nascent administrative center. By the 1070s, the camp had evolved into a walled , with markets emerging to support provisioning for military expeditions, including those aiding Muslim taifas in against Christian pressures. Marrakesh's designation as the Almoravid solidified its as a political and economic nexus by the late , channeling in gold, salt, and slaves through its gates while integrating tribal levies into a disciplined that extended the empire's reach to western and southern . Yusuf's successors, including his son , expanded the urban core with additional ribats (fortified monasteries) and qasbahs, reinforcing the city's function as a hub for minting dinars that standardized Almoravid coinage and facilitated commerce across the western . This foundational phase, however, remained austere compared to later opulence, prioritizing martial utility over monumental display until Almoravid decline accelerated after 1147, when Almohad forces under besieged and captured the city, ending the dynasty's rule.

Almohad Caliphate and Expansion (1147–1269)

The Almohad Caliphate emerged from the movement founded by Muhammad ibn Tumart, a Berber religious reformer who preached a rigorous interpretation of tawhid, or the absolute unity of God, condemning Almoravid laxity in doctrine and practice. After Ibn Tumart's death in 1130, his lieutenant Abd al-Mu'min assumed leadership, unifying Berber tribes in the High Atlas and initiating conquests that culminated in the siege and capture of Marrakesh in April 1147, ending Almoravid dominance in Morocco. Following the conquest, systematically dismantled Almoravid symbols of power, destroying palaces, gardens, and other structures deemed incompatible with Almohad puritanism, while sparing the city's core to repurpose it as the caliphal capital. He initiated extensive rebuilding, including fortified walls enclosing an expanded of approximately 15 square kilometers and new administrative complexes to enforce doctrinal uniformity, such as mandatory professions of and suppression of divergent sects like Malikism. This overhaul reflected Almohad ideology's emphasis on causal realism in governance, linking political authority to unadulterated , which prioritized empirical adherence to scripture over customary tolerance. A centerpiece of Almohad architectural innovation was the Koutoubia Mosque, commissioned by immediately after 1147 on the site of an earlier Almoravid structure; the first iteration, completed by 1157, was demolished for misalignment with the , and the current edifice was erected between 1154 and 1162, with its 77-meter finalized in 1195 under Caliph . This mosque, accommodating over 20,000 worshippers, embodied Almohad aesthetic and religious reforms through its austere design, geometric ornamentation rejecting figurative art, and role in propagating tawhid-centered sermons. Under successive caliphs, Marrakesh reached its as the empire's nerve center, with urban growth driven by tribal migrations and imperial administration, swelling the population to tens of thousands and spurring neighborhood expansions like the district for military elites. As the hub of a realm stretching from to Iberia, the city facilitated scholarly discourse aligned with Almohad orthodoxy—evident in treatises reconciling philosophy with strict —while commercial vitality persisted through regulated markets, though puritanical edicts curtailed practices viewed as morally lax. This era solidified Marrakesh's status amid caliphal consolidation until internal fractures post-1269.

Marinid, Wattasid, and Saadian Periods (1269–1666)

The , a confederation, seized Marrakesh in 1269 after defeating the remnants of the Almohad forces, thereby consolidating control over much of following the Almohad caliphate's collapse. Under rulers like Abu Yusuf Yaqub (r. 1258–1286), the Marinids shifted the political center to Fez, diminishing Marrakesh's status as from 1269 to 1465, though the city endured as a secondary administrative and commercial outpost. This relocation reflected strategic preferences for northern bases amid tribal alliances and defenses against external threats, yet Marrakesh maintained economic vitality through its position on conduits, exchanging Saharan gold, salt, and slaves for Mediterranean goods. The , another lineage and former Marinid viziers, assumed power in 1472 amid the Marinids' fragmentation, governing until 1554 with Fez as capital and influence confined largely to northern territories. Marrakesh's political marginality persisted under Wattasid sultans like al-Shaykh (r. 1472–1504), exacerbated by dynastic infighting, incursions, and Portuguese coastal raids that disrupted stability. Nonetheless, the city's souks and depots sustained modest prosperity from intermittent trans-Saharan flows, underscoring its resilience as a southern despite weak central authority. The Saadian dynasty, claiming descent from the Prophet Muhammad's lineage, reversed Marrakesh's decline by capturing the city and designating it capital in 1554, expelling Wattasid remnants and unifying against Iberian advances. This revival peaked under (r. 1578–1603), whose 1591 military campaign against the at Tondibi secured control over trans-Saharan gold mines, channeling an estimated annual influx of 1,000 kilograms of gold to Marrakesh and fueling urban expansion, scholarly patronage, and architectural projects until the dynasty's fragmentation around 1659. Marrakesh's restored prominence highlighted its geographic leverage in trade networks and dynastic legitimacy, bridging precedents with Arab-Islamic revivalism amid power vacuums.

Alaouite Dynasty and Modernization (1666–1912)

The Alaouite dynasty, originating from the region, established dominance in after defeating Saadian remnants, capturing Marrakesh in 1669 under founder Moulay al-Rashid (r. 1666–1672), who installed loyal governors there following the defeat of local Arab forces like the Shabana. His successor, Moulay Isma'il (r. 1672–1727), initially faced challenges from a nephew who declared himself in Marrakesh with tribal backing, prompting military campaigns to suppress southern revolts and reassert central authority, thereby partially reviving the city's role as a southern administrative outpost. However, Isma'il prioritized as the new capital, stripping resources like materials from the Saadian-era to build his own structures there, which underscored Marrakesh's demotion to a secondary residence amid efforts to centralize power through a professional army and tax reforms. Following Isma'il's death in 1727, a period of succession struggles and tribal unrest diminished Marrakesh's political centrality, with subsequent sultans favoring Fez or as primary seats, though the city retained the Dar al-Makhzen royal palace for occasional stays and judicial functions. By the , under rulers like Sidi Muhammad (r. 1757–1790), Marrakesh functioned more as a regional hub for overseeing southern trade routes and quelling dissent, but chronic instability, including famines and plagues, hampered sustained revival. In the 19th century, sultans like Muhammad ibn Abd al-Rahman (r. 1859–1873) and his son Hassan I (r. 1873–1894) increased visits to Marrakesh to rally support against European encroachment, exemplified by Hassan I's extensive provincial tours to enforce tribute and military levies after defeats like the 1844 against France. These efforts included limited administrative consolidation, such as vizier Si Musa's construction of the complex starting in 1860 as a grand residence symbolizing restored prestige, though it primarily served elite s rather than marking broad . Early modernization remained minimal, confined to defensive military reorganizations in response to Algerian French advances, without significant infrastructure or economic reforms in Marrakesh itself. Economically, Marrakesh persisted as a vital for trans-Saharan in , slaves, and , bolstered by Jewish merchants who dominated commerce and minting under Alaouite protection from the late 18th century onward, yet overall growth stagnated due to political fragmentation, heavy taxation, and competition from coastal ports opened by European treaties. Internal power vacuums allowed regional caids to monopolize southern routes, limiting central investment and perpetuating pre-industrial patterns amid Morocco's broader . This peripheral status under the centralizing Alaouite monarchy set the stage for foreign interventions by 1912.

French Protectorate and Independence (1912–1956)

The French Protectorate over Morocco was established on March 30, 1912, following the Treaty of Fez, which placed Sultan Abd al-Hafid under French control while nominally preserving Moroccan sovereignty; in Marrakesh, this marked the onset of direct colonial administration amid local resistance. French forces under Marshal Hubert Lyautey prioritized pacification, appointing Thami El Glaoui as Pasha of Marrakesh in 1912, leveraging his influence among Berber tribes to suppress uprisings in the Atlas Mountains and maintain order. El Glaoui's collaboration with French authorities, including aiding in the conquest of tribal regions, solidified his control over Marrakesh and amassed personal wealth through taxes and monopolies, though it drew criticism for prioritizing foreign interests over local autonomy. Lyautey's urban policies in Marrakesh enforced spatial , designating the historic for with selective preservation to maintain its architectural allure for and , while developing the adjacent Gueliz district as a modern European ville nouvelle starting in 1912. Gueliz featured grid layouts, buildings, and infrastructure like wide boulevards and administrative offices, accommodating approximately 10,000 European settlers by the 1930s and serving as an economic hub segregated from the medina to minimize cultural friction and disease transmission, per planner Henri Prost's directives. This division preserved medina monuments like the but restricted modernization within it, critiqued for treating heritage as a colonial spectacle rather than fostering integrated development, with enforcement through separate legal and regimes. Nationalist sentiments in Marrakesh grew amid economic disparities, with El Glaoui's pashalik embodying collaborationist rule; he hosted lavish events for French officials while extracting resources, controlling key trades like phosphates. In 1953, El Glaoui orchestrated the deposition of Sultan Mohammed V, exiling him to Madagascar in alliance with French Resident-General Guillaume, installing puppet Sultan Ben Arafa to counter independence demands, an act that intensified Moroccan resistance and isolated collaborators. Popular protests in Marrakesh and elsewhere pressured France, leading to Mohammed V's return in November 1955 and negotiations culminating in Morocco's independence declaration on March 2, 1956, via the Paris accords abrogating the Treaty of Fez. Post-independence, Marrakesh reintegrated into the sovereign Moroccan state under Mohammed V, with El Glaoui submitting to the in 1956 before his death on January 20; colonial divisions persisted in urban layout, but authority shifted to national institutions, ending segregated administration. The protectorate's legacy included infrastructural gains like railroads linking Marrakesh to by 1924, boosting trade volumes to over 100,000 tons annually, yet at the cost of deepened socioeconomic divides and cultural alienation.

Post-Independence Development (1956–Present)

Following Morocco's independence in 1956, Marrakesh experienced significant urban growth, with its metropolitan population rising from approximately 229,000 in 1956 to over 1 million by 2023, reflecting an average annual increase driven by rural-urban migration and economic opportunities. This expansion included the development of new districts beyond the historic medina, such as Gueliz, which transitioned from a colonial-era European quarter into a modern commercial hub with banks, offices, and residential areas, accommodating the shift where medina residents dropped from 51% of the city's population in 1984 to 22% by 2004. Under King Hassan II (r. 1961–1999), the prioritized as a key economic driver, investing in like hotels and preservation of cultural sites to attract international visitors, laying the groundwork for Marrakesh's emergence as a premier destination. This culminated in the designation of the of Marrakesh as a in 1985, which enhanced global recognition of its historical architecture and souks, spurring conservation efforts and promotion. Succeeding under King Mohammed VI (r. 1999–present), development accelerated with reforms emphasizing tourism infrastructure, including airport expansions at Marrakesh-Menara, which handled over 3 million passengers annually by 2019, contributing to economic booms in hospitality and related sectors before recent disruptions. Major projects, such as plans for extensions connecting Marrakesh to northern cities, underscored efforts to integrate the city into national transport networks, fostering further urban and visitor growth.

The 2023 Al Haouz Earthquake and Recovery

On September 8, 2023, a magnitude 6.8 earthquake struck near Oukaïmedene in Al Haouz province, approximately 70 kilometers south-southwest of Marrakesh, at a shallow depth of about 18 kilometers. The quake caused over 2,900 deaths across Morocco, primarily in rural High Atlas villages where traditional earthen structures collapsed due to inadequate seismic reinforcement, with around 50 fatalities reported in Marrakesh itself. In Marrakesh, the tremor damaged sections of the ancient walls, riads, and historic sites, including partial collapses in the Jemaa el-Fna area and surrounding alleyways, though the site's overall UNESCO-listed integrity remained intact. These impacts stemmed from the city's proximity to the and the vulnerability of older and constructions to lateral shaking, exacerbating localized disruptions without widespread structural failure in modern districts. The Moroccan government's initial response faced for in deploying heavy machinery and to remote areas, with survivors multi-day waits for rescue amid centralized decision-making that prioritized over rapid coordination. rejected offers of foreign search-and-rescue teams from nations including and , citing logistical concerns and preferring domestic efforts, which some analysts attributed to political sensitivities rather than . This approach, while defending national autonomy, prolonged suffering in isolated hamlets and fueled public frustration, contrasting with accelerated infrastructure spending for the co-hosting. A five-year reconstruction program, announced in September 2023 and valued at 120 billion dirhams (approximately $11.7 billion), targets rebuilding homes, schools, and infrastructure in affected regions, with initial payouts of about 50,000 dirhams per damaged household. As of mid-2025, progress includes European Investment Bank financing for multi-sector projects extending to 2028, but many residents in Al Haouz report incomplete aid distribution and persistent substandard housing, highlighting bureaucratic hurdles over swift, localized execution. Tourism in Marrakesh dipped briefly post-quake due to cancellations but rebounded rapidly, with the sector demonstrating resilience as repairs to medina sites progressed and visitor numbers returned to pre-event levels by early 2024.

Geography

Location and Urban Layout

Marrakesh lies in the Haouz plain of central-western , at geographic coordinates approximately 31°37′N 8°00′W and an elevation of 466 meters above . The city is positioned about 240 kilometers southwest of by road, placing it at a key junction between coastal lowlands and interior highlands. To the south and west, the foothills of the Mountains rise sharply, framing the plain and influencing the city's topographic boundaries. The urban layout centers on the , the historic walled core designated a in 1985, which preserves a dense, organic arrangement of narrow streets, souks, mosques, and riads evolved from medieval Islamic planning principles. Enclosed by red-ochre ramparts extending roughly 19 kilometers, the medina's perimeter includes monumental gates such as Bab Agnaou and Bab er Robb, defining its compact boundaries against . This ancient nucleus contrasts with the adjacent modern quarters, particularly Gueliz to the west, developed under French colonial influence from the early 20th century onward. Gueliz features a grid of wider boulevards like Avenue Mohammed V, and modernist buildings, residential zones, and commercial districts including malls and cafes, extending the city's footprint beyond the 's traditional confines. This bifurcation—medina as insular heritage zone versus expansive new town—structures Marrakesh's spatial organization, with the Atlas proximity reinforcing a natural southern limit to expansion while the plain facilitates outward growth.

Topography and Geology

Marrakesh lies on the expansive Haouz plain, a flat alluvial lowland at an elevation of approximately 466 meters above , positioned immediately north of the Mountains' foothills. This topography features low-relief terrain with subtle undulations from ancient river channels and sediment deposition, transitioning southward into steep escarpments where the rises sharply to peaks over 3,000 meters, dominated by folded limestone formations. The plain's sedimentary fill, derived from erosion of these mountains, creates a stable surface for urban expansion but underlies vulnerabilities to differential settling and amplification of seismic waves. Geologically, the Haouz plain forms a tectonic bounded by the thrust front to the south and Paleozoic basement highs to the north, infilled with thick to detrital deposits including sands, gravels, clays, and occasional Mio-Pliocene limestones alternating with sandstones. These unconsolidated to semi-consolidated alluvial and fluvial sediments originate from the uplift and dissection of surrounding ranges during the Alpine compression, which reactivated rift structures. The subsurface architecture reflects ongoing tectonic shortening, with fault-propagated folds influencing sediment thickness variations up to several hundred meters. Local red soils and "terre rouge" clays, weathered from nearby Triassic-Jurassic and sandstones exposed in the Atlas , provide the iron-rich hues characteristic of the region's . The plain's position adjacent to the active High Atlas fault system exposes Marrakesh to moderate seismic hazard, as thrust and reverse faults accommodate north-south compression from African-Eurasian plate convergence. Blind thrusts beneath the basin, obscured by sediments, can generate destructive shallow earthquakes, as demonstrated by the Mw 6.8 Al Haouz event on September 8, 2023, with an epicenter roughly 70 km southwest of the city, causing widespread shaking across the plain due to site effects on soft alluvial layers. Peripherally, the terrain grades into dissected plateaus supporting argan woodlands on calcareous and siliceous substrates, reflecting the ecotonal shift from plain to foothill geomorphology.

Climate

Marrakesh features a hot classified as BSh under the Köppen system, marked by low annual , high summer s, and mild winters influenced by its inland location in the Haouz plain at 466 meters . The annual mean averages 19.7°C, with extremes ranging from occasional winter lows near 0°C to summer highs frequently surpassing 40°C; and record average highs of 37–38°C, while averages 12.5°C. Annual rainfall totals approximately 250 mm, concentrated in winter months from to , with typically the wettest at around 50 mm and summer months nearly dry at under 5 mm.
MonthAvg High (°C)Avg Low (°C)Precipitation (mm)
19.06.035
20.57.040
23.09.050
25.511.030
May29.514.015
34.018.05
37.521.01
37.521.03
34.018.010
October29.014.025
November24.010.040
December20.07.040
Data derived from long-term observations (–), showing relative stability in seasonal patterns prior to accelerated warming trends post-1980, with historical from early 20th-century stations confirming consistent and temperature ranges without significant deviations until recent decades. variations exist between the dense and peripheral areas; the medina's narrow, shaded alleys and traditional architecture create cooler, more stable conditions by reducing solar exposure and enhancing ventilation, often 2–4°C lower than modern outskirts like Gueliz during peak heat, where concrete surfaces amplify effects. Outskirts experience greater diurnal temperature swings and higher land surface temperatures due to sparse and expansive built environments, exacerbating heat retention.

Water Resources and Environmental Pressures

Marrakesh's water supply relies primarily on the Tensift River basin, which provides through such as the El Mansour Eddahbi Dam and from the overexploited Haouz-Mejjate , amid competing demands from urban growth, , and . The , which historically supported the city's needs, has experienced significant depletion due to extraction rates exceeding recharge, with annual abstraction in the Haouz plain surpassing sustainable yields by factors of up to 2-3 times in recent decades. renewable water availability in the region mirrors Morocco's national figure of approximately 600 cubic meters per year as of 2023, a decline from over 2,500 cubic meters in the 1960s, placing it in the threshold below 1,000 cubic meters and approaching absolute scarcity levels under 500 cubic meters. The 2022-2023 droughts, Morocco's most severe in over three decades, intensified shortages in Marrakesh by reducing dam inflows and aquifer recharge, leading to measures and reliance on transfers from distant sources. These multi-year dry spells, compounded by , have caused groundwater levels in the Tensift to drop by several meters annually in urban-adjacent areas, threatening long-term viability without structural reforms. Wastewater management poses additional pressures, particularly in the where historical untreated discharges into wadis and the Tensift River contributed to contamination of downstream aquifers and surface waters until the commissioning of the Marrakesh wastewater plant in 2011. Despite capacity now handling over 100,000 cubic meters daily, legacy pollution from industrial effluents and municipal overflows persists, elevating nitrate and pathogen levels in shallow used for . Conservation initiatives, including wastewater reuse for non-potable purposes like irrigating golf courses and parks, have mitigated some urban demands, with treated effluent supplying up to 20% of tourism sector needs in peri-urban areas. However, tourism's expansion—featuring water-intensive amenities such as swimming pools and landscaped gardens in over 1,000 hotels—exerts disproportionate pressure, consuming 10-15% of the city's total supply while conservation pricing remains subsidized, discouraging efficient use among high-volume consumers. Pilot programs testing progressive tariffs and leak detection in Marrakesh have shown potential to reduce domestic waste by 20-30%, but enforcement gaps and agricultural over-allocation in the basin undermine broader sustainability, highlighting policy failures in prioritizing urban-tourism needs over replenishment.

Demographics

Population Trends

The population of Marrakesh's stood at 1,002,697 according to the Moroccan conducted by the High for Planning (HCP), marking an increase from 911,990 in the 2014 . This reflects an average annual growth rate of approximately 0.96% over the decade, lower than the national average but indicative of steady urban expansion. The broader Marrakesh , encompassing the city and immediate surrounding areas, recorded 1,571,580 residents in , up from about 1.3 million in 2014, with a comparable annual growth rate of 1.7%. Historical trends show pronounced acceleration in following Morocco's in 1956, when the city's population was around 250,000, rising to over 900,000 by the early 2000s. This surge was primarily fueled by rural-to-urban , as agricultural workers and families relocated to Marrakesh amid national shifts toward ; Morocco's urban population share doubled from 25% in to 50% by , with Marrakesh as a key destination due to its central location and infrastructural development. Projections based on recent census trends and national urbanization patterns anticipate Marrakesh's city population exceeding 1.2 million by 2030, aligned with Morocco's expected urban population share reaching 67.8%. Such growth has intensified housing pressures, with demand outpacing supply and contributing to elevated real estate costs, as evidenced by Morocco's broader urban housing challenges where population influxes strain affordable accommodation availability.
Census YearCity Proper PopulationPrefecture PopulationAnnual Growth Rate (City)
2014911,990~1,300,000-
20241,002,6971,571,5800.96%

Ethnic and Linguistic Groups

Marrakesh's population is predominantly composed of individuals of mixed Arab-Berber ancestry, aligning with 's national ethnic profile where Arab-Berbers account for approximately 99% of the populace, with the remaining 1% comprising other groups including those of Sub-Saharan African descent. This composition stems from centuries of intermarriage following Arab migrations starting in the , which blended with indigenous (Amazigh) populations, rendering distinct ethnic boundaries largely indistinct in urban settings like Marrakesh. Among subgroups, the Chleuh (also known as Shilha or Chelha), native to the and Souss regions surrounding Marrakesh, represent a significant presence due to historical settlement and ongoing rural-to-urban migration from these areas. Sub-Saharan minorities, often descendants of historical trans-Saharan traders or more recent economic migrants, form small communities engaged in , particularly in the medina's markets, though they constitute less than 1% of the city's residents. Rural immigration, primarily from -dominated Atlas villages, has bolstered the element in Marrakesh, with the city noted for hosting one of North Africa's largest urban populations relative to its size, driven by economic opportunities in and services since the mid-20th century. Linguistically, (Darija) serves as the primary vernacular, spoken by over 92% of Moroccans including Marrakesh residents, functioning as the for daily interactions, trade, and administration. dialects, mainly Tashelhit associated with the Chleuh subgroup, are used by approximately 20-25% of the population, particularly among first- or second-generation migrants from rural areas, though data from the 2024 indicates 24.8% national proficiency, often serving as a proxy for ethnic affiliation given the absence of direct ethnic . maintains influence among the educated urban elite, business professionals, and sectors, with urban proficiency rates estimated at 33-39%, a legacy of the French Protectorate era (1912-1956) that persists in elite networks despite Arabic's dominance.

Religious Composition

The population of Marrakesh is predominantly Sunni Muslim, comprising over 99 percent of residents, consistent with national demographics in where more than 99 percent identify as Sunni Muslim. Adherents primarily follow the of , which has been the dominant interpretive tradition in the region since the 8th century. Sufi brotherhoods maintain a visible presence, with historical sites like the tombs of the Seven Saints of Marrakesh serving as centers for and communal rituals that blend with mystical practices. Morocco's Jewish community, once substantial with approximately 25,000 in Marrakesh by 1936, has significantly declined due to emigration following independence and geopolitical shifts, leaving an estimated 200-250 individuals today, mostly elderly and concentrated in the historic quarter. form a negligible minority, primarily expatriates such as and sub-Saharan African residents, numbering in the low thousands nationally but far fewer in Marrakesh, with no significant indigenous converts reported. The Moroccan establishes as the , with the king as "Commander of the Faithful," reinforcing Sunni Maliki orthodoxy and limiting public expression of other faiths, though private practice is tolerated for recognized minorities.

Government and Politics

Local Governance Structure

Marrakech operates as an urban within Morocco's Marrakech-Safi region, headed by a appointed by to manage administrative, security, and developmental coordination with national authorities. On October 19, 2025, King Mohammed VI appointed Khatib El Hebil as governor of Marrakech , concurrently serving as of the Marrakech-Safi region. The encompasses the city proper, divided into administrative subdivisions including arrondissements overseen by appointed pachas under the Ministry of Interior. The communal level features an elected for Marrakech, selected through nationwide local elections held every six years, with the council president functioning as to handle services like , local markets, and . Following the 2011 constitutional amendments, which enshrined "advanced regionalization" to devolve powers to elected bodies for planning and , communes gained enhanced roles in budgeting and , though central oversight persists. Municipal finances rely on local revenues such as property taxes, user fees, and state transfers, bolstered significantly by levies amid Marrakech's prominence as a visitor hub. The , collected from accommodations at rates of 15-30 Moroccan dirhams per person per night depending on establishment classification, funds promotional activities and communal upkeep. remains constrained by limited fiscal independence and the appointed governor's authority to review or override council decisions, maintaining central dominance in key policy areas.

Political Influence and Monarchical Ties

Marrakesh holds a distinguished position as one of Morocco's four imperial cities—alongside Fez, , and —denoting its historical role as a former capital and seat of royal authority, a status that persists under King Mohammed VI's reign. This designation underscores the city's enduring symbolic ties to the Alawite , with the royal in Marrakesh serving as an occasional residence for the . The has actively promoted Marrakesh's development, particularly through investments in luxury infrastructure to bolster its appeal, reflecting a strategic alignment between local prominence and national governance. The city's political influence manifests in its hosting of events under royal patronage, such as the , established in by Mohammed VI to elevate Morocco's . These initiatives highlight Marrakesh's function as a venue for projecting monarchical , intertwining local prestige with the crown's broader agenda. Economically, Marrakesh's dominance in —drawing millions annually and generating substantial revenue—reinforces pro-monarchy orientations among elites, as sustained stability under the king is essential for preserving this sector's viability and policy favoritism toward hospitality investments. Historically, this loyalty traces to figures like , who served as of Marrakesh from 1912 to 1956 and wielded immense regional authority through alliances that ultimately supported the restoration of Sultan Mohammed V against nationalist challenges. Glaoui's tenure exemplified Marrakesh's as a bulwark for monarchical continuity, leveraging tribal networks and colonial backing to maintain order and royal amid independence pressures. His legacy, though contested for its feudal excesses, cemented a tradition of Marrakshi alignment with the throne, influencing post-independence power dynamics where local influencers prioritize harmony with to safeguard economic privileges.

Recent Political Tensions and Protests

In October 2025, Marrakesh experienced significant unrest as part of nationwide youth-led protests under the GenZ212 banner, triggered by frustrations over systemic corruption, inadequate public healthcare, and high rates exceeding 35 percent in early 2025. Demonstrations in the city escalated on October 2, when protesters set fire to a amid clashes with , reflecting broader demands for in , including criticisms of prioritization of 2030 World Cup infrastructure over essential services. The protests, which began intensifying across from September 27, 2025, highlighted failures in healthcare delivery, such as chronic shortages and poor quality, exacerbating public anger following unaddressed vulnerabilities exposed by the near Marrakesh. In Marrakesh, youth activists called for a "new social contract" emphasizing equitable development, with specific grievances tied to local and joblessness affecting over one-third of those aged 15-24. peaked with at least three deaths nationwide on October 2 from security interventions, alongside hundreds of arrests, as forces deployed and batons against demonstrators. Government responses involved heavy-handed crackdowns, prompting accusations from observers of disproportionate force and restrictions on , contrasted by official claims of maintaining public order against . King Mohammed VI urged swift social reforms on October 10, including job creation and rural development, in direct response to the unrest, though protesters dismissed these as insufficient without structural changes to combat entrenched . The Marrakesh incidents underscored tensions between aspirations for transparent and the monarchy's centralized , with no immediate as demonstrations persisted into mid-October.

Economy

Historical Commerce and Trade Routes

Marrakesh was established around 1070 by the as their imperial capital, positioning it as a key terminus for Trans-Saharan caravan routes that facilitated the exchange of from West African sources for and European goods transported via the Mediterranean. These caravans, often comprising up to 1,000 camels, connected sub-Saharan regions like the to North African markets, with Marrakesh serving as a redistribution hub due to its strategic location at the foothills of the . The city's souks emerged in the as specialized exchange nodes, where merchants arriving through fortified gates traded commodities such as ivory, slaves, leather, and ostrich feathers incoming from the south against outbound textiles, ceramics, and metalwork. Under the subsequent from 1147, Marrakesh retained its commercial prominence, integrating these markets into a broader network that linked inland trade to coastal ports for export to , bolstered by the dynasty's control over southern territories. By the Saadian dynasty in the , Marrakesh reasserted itself as a capital and trade focal point, promoting exchanges with European powers that enhanced 's position in transcontinental networks, though primarily through intermediaries rather than direct maritime links. However, trade volumes declined after the Marinid seizure of Sijilmassa in 1274, shifting the primary gold market northward to Fez and diminishing Marrakesh's role in the Trans-Saharan circuit. The advent of maritime routes in the , circumventing traditional overland paths by accessing sub-Saharan goods directly via sea, further eroded the viability of caravan trade, contributing to Marrakesh's economic marginalization until colonial interventions under the French Protectorate from 1912 redirected priorities away from historic routes.

Tourism Sector

dominates Marrakesh's economy as a post-independence growth engine, drawing international visitors to its and markets while fostering dependency on seasonal influxes. recorded 17.4 million tourists in 2024, a 20% rise from 2023, with Marrakesh leading the recovery as Africa's top destination and surpassing 2019 pre-COVID levels by over 30%. Marrakesh's Menara Airport handled millions of arrivals annually pre-pandemic, with post-recovery growth evident in 5 million overnight stays during the first half of 2025 alone, signaling sustained demand. The sector generated substantial revenue, contributing around 7% to Morocco's national GDP in recent years, though Marrakesh's local economy relies more heavily on it amid direct tourism impacts forecasted at over 1 billion USD annually by 2026. An influx of digital nomads has extended stays, attracted by spaces and affordable living, positioning the city as a hub in 2024-2025. Rapid expansion has strained resources, with complaints rising over in key areas, as noted in 2024 reports ranking Marrakesh among globally pressured sites. Local authorities have responded with 2025 sustainability measures, including upgrades and visitor management to balance economic gains against environmental and social pressures.

Agriculture, Manufacturing, and Services

The Haouz plain surrounding Marrakesh supports significant agricultural activity, primarily through from regional dams and rivers, yielding crops such as cereals, , and . In the Al Haouz basin, cereals like and constitute 61.71% of cultivated area, while account for 22.58%, alongside forage crops and . Citrus production in , including varieties grown in the Haouz region, reached an estimated increase of 29% in recent years, driven by expanded acreage and improved yields. Olive cultivation in the Haouz area forms part of 's broader olive sector, which spans 540,800 hectares and contributes 5.4% of global production, with local value chains focused on oil extraction and table olives. Manufacturing in Marrakesh remains limited compared to national industrial hubs, emphasizing agro-food , textiles, and emerging pharmaceuticals. Companies engaged in food , such as Agro Food Industry, operate in the city, processing local agricultural outputs like olives and into value-added products. The textile sector, leveraging traditional artisan skills, includes garment production, though large-scale operations are more concentrated elsewhere in . Pharmaceutical firms are present in Marrakesh, contributing to 's push toward high-tech sectors like medicine production for export markets. Services dominate Marrakesh's non-tourism economy, particularly in the modern Gueliz district, where retail, banking, and professional activities have expanded amid regional GDP growth of 6.3% in , partly attributed to service sector performance. Foreign investment supports service-oriented ventures, including and , aligning with national policies to attract capital for job creation. However, informal employment prevails, comprising approximately two-thirds of jobs in , with similar patterns in Marrakesh where unregulated services like street vending and small trades absorb much of the workforce.

Economic Challenges and Inequality

Marrakesh displays pronounced economic disparities, mirroring Morocco's national of 39.5 in recent assessments, which measures on a scale where 0 denotes perfect and 1 total . This coefficient has edged upward to around 40.5 by 2022, underscoring persistent gaps between the wealthiest quintile, which captures over half of national income, and lower-income groups reliant on informal labor. In the city, these divides manifest spatially: affluent tourist enclaves with luxury riads and high-end developments contrast sharply with peripheral bidonvilles—informal slums housing thousands in substandard conditions, often lacking basic services and perpetuating cycles of amid rapid . Youth unemployment exacerbates these challenges, with Morocco's rate for ages 15-24 hovering at 35.8% as of mid-2025, driven by mismatches, limited formal job creation, and an education system producing graduates ill-suited for available low- positions in urban hubs like Marrakesh. In Marrakesh, where population growth outpaces diversified employment opportunities, this figure contributes to social strain, with over 37% of young people jobless in early 2025 surveys, fueling in informal sectors and pressures. The September 2023 Al Haouz earthquake, epicentered near Marrakesh, inflicted a 1.3% GDP on the Marrakech-Safi region—equivalent to about 3 billion Moroccan dirhams nationally—and widened fissures by slowing reconstruction in vulnerable rural and peri-urban zones. Despite a pledged 120 billion dirhams ($11.7 billion) five-year recovery plan, implementation lags have left many households without adequate housing or income restoration by late 2025, disproportionately burdening low-income residents and hindering broader economic resilience. Corruption perceptions further impede progress, as Morocco's 2024 score of 37 (ranking 99th out of 180 countries) signals bureaucratic opacity and that erode investor confidence, particularly for beyond tourism-dependent ventures in Marrakesh. Empirical analyses link such perceptions to reduced FDI inflows, as firms face unpredictable costs from graft in licensing and , constraining capital for inequality-mitigating or job programs.

Architecture and Landmarks

The Medina and

The Medina of Marrakesh constitutes the historic walled core of the city, designated a in for its architectural and urban ensemble reflecting medieval Islamic urbanism. Encircled by ramparts approximately 19 kilometers in length, standing up to 9 meters high and 2 meters thick, the medina features a labyrinthine network of narrow, winding alleys that facilitate pedestrian movement while historically providing defensive advantages. These passages connect residential riads, fondouks, and public spaces, preserving a dense urban fabric developed since the under Almoravid founders. At the medina's heart lies , a triangular public square recognized by as a of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity in 2001 for embodying continuous cultural expressions through performance and storytelling. Protected as national artistic heritage since 1922, the square serves as a dynamic communal space where traditional practices persist amid modern pressures. During daylight hours, hosts an array of street performers including storytellers reciting epic tales in and dialects, acrobats from troupes executing feats, musicians playing rhythms on sintir instruments, and snake charmers displaying cobras to crowds. As evening descends, the square transforms with over 100 temporary food stalls erecting structures to offer grilled meats like merguez sausages and sheep heads, soups, and , drawing locals and visitors into a of smoke, spices, and haggling vendors. This nightly ritual underscores the square's role as Marrakesh's vital social nexus, though petty theft and aggressive touts contribute to its chaotic reputation. Preservation initiatives, including UNESCO-supported revitalization projects, aim to safeguard these traditions against tourism-driven commercialization, which has introduced standardized souvenirs and diluted authentic performances with tourist-oriented spectacles. Urban pressures from rising visitor numbers—exceeding 3 million annually pre-pandemic—exacerbate challenges like and infrastructure strain in the , prompting debates over balancing economic benefits with cultural integrity. Local authorities enforce regulations on stall operations and performer licensing to mitigate these tensions, yet influences continue to reshape the square's organic evolution.

Souks and Artisan Markets

The souks of Marrakesh form a network of specialized markets within the , comprising around 18 distinct areas dedicated to various crafts and goods. These include Souk Semmarine for textiles and , Souk El Attarine for spices, Souk Smata for leather known as babouches, Souk Chouari for woodwork, and Souk Haddadine for . Leather goods, spices, carpets, and dominate transactions, with artisans producing items using traditional techniques passed down through generations. Organized by guilds since the city's founding in 1071, the souks reflect a medieval structure where craftsmen grouped by to regulate and . These guilds, numbering about 20, assigned specific zones to specialties, such as dyers in Souk des Teinturiers, preserving methods amid evolving commerce. Today, thousands of family-run workshops continue this system, though modernization pressures challenge traditional practices. Bargaining remains central to souk interactions, rooted in cultural norms where fixed prices are rare except for displayed items. Buyers typically start offers at 30-50% of the asking price, negotiating politely through counteroffers until agreement, with walking away often prompting concessions. This ritual fosters social exchange but requires awareness of inflated tourist prices. Counterfeit goods pose a persistent issue, with souks offering designer items, imitation , and replica antiques alongside authentic crafts. Reports highlight vendors selling knockoff bags and jewelry, complicating purchases for visitors seeking genuine products. Enforcement varies, but buyers are advised to verify authenticity through hallmarks or reputable outlets to avoid fakes.

Mosques and Religious Architecture

The Koutoubia Mosque, constructed between 1147 and 1157 under Almohad caliph Abd al-Mu'min, stands as Marrakesh's largest and most prominent , featuring a 77-meter built in sandstone rubble masonry typical of Almohad architecture. Its trapezium-shaped prayer hall follows a classical Almohad layout with a T-shaped system, and the 's design, characterized by stacked geometric motifs and lanterns, directly influenced subsequent structures such as the in and the in . The Ben Youssef Mosque, originally founded in the early 12th century by Almoravid ruler as Marrakesh's principal congregational mosque, underwent multiple reconstructions, including significant Saadian-era renovations in the 16th century, preserving its role as a central adjacent to the Ben Youssef Madrasa. Its architecture reflects Almoravid influences with later hybrid elements, though interiors remain inaccessible to non-Muslims, consistent with Moroccan policy restricting entry to functioning mosques for non-Muslims except at the in . Almohad and Almoravid styles in Marrakesh, exemplified by the Koutoubia's square-based tower with decorative bands, extended regional influence through and , shaping North African and Andalusian religious by emphasizing verticality and symbolic projection of religious authority without domes or steeples. Sufi zawiyas, such as the Zawiya of Sidi Bel Abbes established around 1204, integrate halls with courtyards and educational spaces, serving as multifunctional religious complexes that supported Sufi orders through prayer facilities and communal adapted from mainstream Islamic designs. These structures underscore Marrakesh's by embedding esoteric practices within orthodox frameworks, though access remains limited similarly to principal .

Palaces, Riads, and Gardens

The , constructed in 1578 by Saadian , served as a grand residence to commemorate his victory over the Portuguese at the Battle of the Three Kings in 1578. Spanning a vast complex with opulent materials like gold, onyx, and marble imported from , the palace featured intricate mosaics, sunken gardens, and reflective pools that evoked paradisiacal imagery central to . After al-Mansur's death in 1603, the structure declined with the Saadian dynasty, and in the late 17th century, Alaouite Moulay Ismail systematically dismantled it, repurposing valuable elements for his own projects in , leaving behind skeletal ruins that reveal the original layout of courtyards and arcades. Today, the site's atmospheric decay, including stork-nested minarets and verdant overgrowth in the former gardens, underscores the transient nature of dynastic splendor amid Marrakesh's arid environment. The exemplifies late 19th-century opulence, initiated in the by Si Moussa as a personal residence and expanded by his son Ba Ahmed until around to house his extensive and entourage. Covering approximately 8 hectares with over 150 rooms arranged around lush courtyards, the palace integrates zellige tilework, cedarwood ceilings, and arabesques in a harmonious blend of Andalusian and Moroccan styles. Its gardens, punctuated by fountains and reflecting pools, highlight engineered water distribution systems that mitigated regional scarcity, channeling Atlas Mountain sources for cooling and aesthetic effect. Riads, derived from the word for , represent the quintessential elite domestic architecture in Marrakesh, featuring inward-oriented structures with central courtyards divided into four quadrants by intersecting paths converging on a . This design prioritized family privacy, shielding interiors from street views while fostering intimate green oases amid urban density, often adorned with trees, , and intricate plasterwork. High ceilings, wrought-iron lattices, and geometric zellige mosaics further characterize these compounds, which historically housed extended families and servants, adapting to the hot, dry climate through natural ventilation and shaded patios. Menara Gardens, established circa 1157 by Almohad Caliph , function primarily as an expansive orchard irrigating olive and fruit groves via a central reservoir fed by ancient khettara underground channels from the . The site's 16th-century Saadian , refurbished in 1869, overlooks this vast pool, symbolizing royal leisure and agricultural ingenuity in a water-stressed . In contrast, , developed from the 1920s by French artist , spans 2.5 acres of exotic botanicals including collections and groves, opened to the public in 1947. Acquired in 1980 by designer Yves Saint-Laurent and to prevent commercial development, it was restored to preserve its cobalt-blue accents and serene features, embodying a fusion of Orientalist aesthetics and modern conservation. These gardens, like their palatial counterparts, rely on fountains and basins not merely for but for evaporative cooling, reflecting Marrakesh's historical mastery over scarce hydraulic resources drawn from distant aquifers.

Tombs, Walls, and Defensive Structures

The , located adjacent to the Mosque, consist of a complex of mausolea built during the Saadian dynasty in the 16th century, with significant expansions between 1591 and 1603 under . The site includes over 100 tombs in a garden enclosure, with the principal mausoleum housing the remains of , his family members, and predecessors such as Mohammed al-Sheikh, the dynasty's founder. Construction began earlier in the mid-16th century under Abdallah al-Ghalib, who initiated the tombs to honor his father. The structures feature intricate marble carvings, zellige tilework, and gilded cedar ceilings, reflecting the dynasty's peak prosperity from . As an outlier among Marrakech's funerary monuments, the Almoravid Qubba (Qubbat al-Barudiyyin), dating to around 1120, represents the city's earliest surviving Almoravid architecture. Originally constructed as an pavilion linked to the Ben Youssef Mosque, this domed structure served ritual purification purposes rather than strictly funerary ones, though qubbas often doubled as mausolea in North African Islamic tradition. Its cubic base, arched portals, and vaulting exemplify Almoravid austerity and geometric precision, preserved amid later dynastic overlays. Marrakech's defensive walls, primarily erected in the early by Almoravid ruler between 1122 and 1123, form a pisé () enclosure of ochre-red sandstone around the , punctuated by 19 principal . Fortifications were further bolstered in 1126–1127, emphasizing the city's role as an imperial vulnerable to tribal incursions. Notable among these is Bab Agnaou, rebuilt in 1188–1190 by Almohad caliph as the ceremonial entrance to the royal , featuring ornate horseshoe arches and floral carvings symbolizing imperial authority. These facilitated and access while serving defensive functions through their imposing scale and strategic placement. Ongoing erosion from wind and rain has weathered the walls' mud-brick composition over centuries, compounded by urban pressures. The 6.8-magnitude Al Haouz earthquake of September 8, 2023, inflicted additional damage, including cracks and partial collapses in sections of the historic ramparts and adjacent monuments, though core structures like the sustained limited visible harm compared to rural dwellings. Restoration efforts, initiated post-quake, aim to reinforce these vulnerabilities using traditional materials to preserve authenticity.

Jewish Heritage Sites

The , established in 1558 by Saadian Moulay Abdallah al-Ghalib, functioned as a walled Jewish quarter adjacent to the royal palace, ostensibly for protection while enforcing segregation under status. This district, one of Morocco's largest , once bustled with Jewish artisans, merchants, and sugar traders, reflecting the community's economic integration despite periodic taxes and restrictions imposed by Muslim rulers. At its mid-20th-century peak, Marrakesh's Jewish population numbered approximately 25,000, comprising a vital segment of the city's commercial life before mass emigration eroded its vitality. Prominent among surviving heritage sites is the Slat al-Azama Synagogue (also known as Lazama Synagogue), constructed in 1492 by fleeing the Spanish expulsion edict of Ferdinand and Isabella. Located within the , this structure exemplifies Moroccan Jewish through its horseshoe arches, cedar woodwork, and blue-and-white tilework evoking Andalusian influences, though much of the interior dates to later restorations. Other remnants include the Rabbi Pinhas Synagogue in the historic and the Beth El Synagogue in the modern Gueliz district, alongside an adjacent underscoring centuries of continuous presence. These sites, now largely museums or tourist attractions, preserve artifacts like scrolls and ritual objects amid the quarter's decaying riads and abandoned homes. The community's precipitous decline accelerated after Israel's establishment in 1948, with over 200,000 Moroccan Jews emigrating by 1967 amid rising Arab-Israeli tensions, economic pressures, and Zionist operations like Operation Yakhin, which airlifted tens of thousands to between 1961 and 1964. Internal migration to coastal cities like further depleted Marrakesh's Jews, reducing the local population from 15,700 in 1912 to fewer than 1,000 by independence in 1956. Today, only 200–250 Jews reside in Marrakesh, rendering active religious use minimal and the a spectral echo of its past prominence, sustained more by than living tradition. While Moroccan narratives emphasize historical coexistence, empirical records note underlying vulnerabilities, including 19th-century pogroms and dhimmi inequalities that contextualize the emigration's causal drivers beyond mere opportunity.

Culture and Society

Islamic Practices and Religious Life

Islam permeates daily life in Marrakesh through the five daily calls to prayer, known as the , broadcast from numerous mosques including the prominent Koutoubia Mosque, summoning the faithful to ritual prayer at dawn, noon, afternoon, sunset, and night. These audible reminders reinforce communal religious observance, with participation varying but culturally expected among the Sunni Muslim majority adhering to the of jurisprudence, which the Moroccan state officially endorses as the basis for legal and social norms. During Ramadan, Marrakesh residents observe fasting from dawn to dusk, typically spanning 12-14 hours depending on the —for instance, from approximately February 28 to March 30 in 2025—abstaining from food, drink, and smoking in public, which quiets daytime streets and commerce while evenings bustle with meals and family gatherings. Conservative dress norms prevail, with women generally covering shoulders, cleavage, and knees in loose garments like long tunics or djellabas, reflecting Islamic (haya) expectations enforced socially rather than by law, though enforcement is laxer in tourist areas compared to rural regions. Sufi traditions remain integral, featuring pilgrimages (ziyara) to the tombs of the Seven Patron of Marrakesh, a practice dating to the 17th century where devotees visit specific ' shrines on designated days to seek for ailments, , or protection, drawing thousands annually in a ritual blending Maliki orthodoxy with mystical . The city hosts over 200 such awliya (ly) sites, underscoring Sufism's role in popular piety. Despite this, Salafist influences—emphasizing strict scripturalism over traditions or —have gained limited traction since the 2000s, often manifesting as quietist undercurrents critiquing Sufi practices, though the state promotes Maliki-Sufi moderation to counter such ideologies linked to .

Arts, Crafts, Music, and Performing Arts

![Djemaa el-Fna square with performers][float-right] Marrakesh's traditional crafts encompass mosaic , , , and metalwork, produced by artisans organized in centuries-old within the medina's souks. These guilds preserve techniques such as hand-chiseling tiles from clay, a labor-intensive process originating from . Leather goods like babouches and poufs are tanned using vegetable methods in areas like the nearby, though Marrakesh souks specialize in finishing and dyeing. Despite pressures from mass-produced imports, particularly from , guild structures maintain authenticity and quality, resisting dilution through tourist demand for cheaper replicas. Music in Marrakesh features , a rhythmic style blending Sufi brotherhood rituals with sub-Saharan African influences, performed on instruments like the guembri and krakebs. Recognized by as Intangible Cultural Heritage in 2019, involves trance-inducing ceremonies invoking spirits, often held in private homes or public festivals. Public performances occur in Jemaa el-Fna, where musicians draw crowds with hypnotic beats, though commercialization has led to shorter, spectacle-oriented sets compared to traditional all-night lilas. Performing arts thrive in Jemaa el-Fna through street spectacles including acrobats, storytellers, and musicians, a tradition dating to the site's use as a public square since the 11th century. Acrobatic troupes, often young Berber performers, execute flips and balances atop human pyramids, rooted in nomadic circus practices. Halqa storytelling circles deliver oral histories in Darija Arabic or Berber, accompanied by gesture and rhyme, sustaining pre-modern narrative forms amid modern distractions. Contemporary expressions emerge in Gueliz, the modern district, where galleries showcase urban and abstract works by Moroccan artists. Venues like David Bloch Gallery feature and , bridging traditional motifs with global influences, while Comptoir des Mines highlights vibrant local talents in a former mining office space. This scene contrasts medina conservatism, fostering innovation through exhibitions and artist residencies, though it grapples with market-driven trends over purist craft.

Cuisine and Daily Traditions

Traditional Marrakesh cuisine centers on meats prepared through slow-cooking methods, with tagine stews featuring or alongside , dried fruits like prunes or apricots, and spices such as , , and , cooked in pots that retain moisture and infuse flavors. , a steamed grain dish often topped with , chickpeas, and , serves as a weekly staple, particularly on Fridays in observance of Islamic traditions, providing a base that sustains daily energy needs in a historically reliant on . All meats adhere to standards, involving by trained practitioners to ensure blood drainage and compliance with , which predominate in Morocco's 99% Muslim population. Street food in areas like Jemaa el-Fna offers accessible tagines, grilled meats, and snacks, but empirical assessments reveal frequent microbiological contamination, with studies detecting high levels of pathogens like E. coli and in samples from Marrakesh vendors due to inconsistent practices such as inadequate handwashing and storage. Consumers mitigate risks by selecting piping-hot preparations observed during cooking, as heat kills bacteria, though causal factors like open-air exposure and shared utensils contribute to rates exceeding 20% in surveyed street food outlets. Nutritionally, these dishes supply proteins from meats (around 20-30g per serving in lamb tagine) and fiber from , but high and sugar content in sweets like elevate caloric density, aligning with Morocco's observed toward increased fat and sugar intake. Daily routines incorporate tea rituals, where green infused with fresh mint and sugar is brewed strong and poured from height to aerate, served thrice—first bitter, then progressively sweeter—symbolizing life's stages and fostering social bonds through extended to guests multiple times daily. Market bargaining in souks functions as a communal practice, initiating with inflated prices followed by good-natured that builds , often accompanied by tea offers, reinforcing and verbal skill as cultural norms rather than mere transaction. These traditions causally sustain community cohesion by embedding sustenance and interaction in repetitive, rule-bound exchanges adapted from and influences.

Festivals and Social Customs

Marrakesh hosts the Dakka Marrakchia Festival annually in February, spanning 10 days with nightly performances by craftsmen and musicians from seven city districts, highlighting traditional rhythms and folklore. The Marrakech Popular Arts Festival occurs each July, featuring performances of traditional Moroccan music, dance, and artisanal displays that draw participants from across the country. Mawlid al-Nabi, marking the birth of Prophet Muhammad on the 12th of Rabi' al-Awwal in the Islamic lunar calendar (typically falling in September or October), is observed as a national public holiday with mosque recitations, communal prayers, and street decorations; in 2025, it was designated for September 5. New Year's Eve celebrations at Jemaa el-Fna square intensify the site's usual vibrancy, with crowds gathering amid street performers, musicians, food stalls, and incense-filled air, though the event maintains a continuity of daily market bustle rather than structured or countdowns. Fantasia equestrian displays, involving teams of riders charging in formation while firing muzzle-loaded to simulate historical maneuvers, occur during cultural events and tourist-oriented shows, preserving and Arab martial traditions. Social customs in Marrakesh emphasize , where hosts routinely offer mint poured from height in ritualistic servings as a of and , rooted in and traditions of generosity toward guests. Family life remains central, with multi-generational households prioritizing communal meals, elder deference, and collective decision-making over . Interactions with tourists often involve spontaneous invitations to or demonstrations, reflecting a cultural norm of openness tempered by expectations of modest dress and reciprocal politeness in public spaces.

Gender Roles, Family Structures, and Social Norms

In Marrakesh, family structures remain predominantly patriarchal, with the serving as the legal and customary responsible for major decisions, financial provision, and representation in public affairs. Extended families, including multiple generations under one roof, are common in traditional neighborhoods, fostering interdependence but reinforcing male authority over women and children. Nuclear families predominate in modern Gueliz districts, yet cultural expectations prioritize and male , limiting women's in and . Polygamy, permitted under Moroccan law with judicial approval since the 2004 Moudawana reforms requiring consent from existing wives and proof of financial capacity, occurs infrequently, affecting less than 1% of marriages nationally and even rarer in urban Marrakesh due to economic constraints and . These reforms curtailed unilateral by mandating equality in spousal treatment and financial equity, but persistent conservative norms in Marrakesh's Berber-influenced communities view it as a viable option for childless first wives or economic alliances, though practice has declined amid . Female labor force participation in stands at approximately 20% as of 2023, with Marrakesh reflecting national trends where women are concentrated in informal sectors like handicrafts and domestic work rather than formal , constrained by obligations and societal expectations of domesticity. Social norms emphasize women's roles in child-rearing and household management, with honor codes (sharaf) dictating , , and deference to male kin to preserve reputation, often resulting in curtailed mobility and public interactions for unmarried or young women. Veiling practices vary in Marrakesh, where or headscarves are prevalent among conservative and rural migrant women but less common among urban, educated youth, with estimates suggesting around 50% non-adherence in city centers due to influences and . Gender segregation persists in social settings, such as separate seating in cafes or limited mixed-gender socializing outside family circles, upholding hierarchies despite legal equality provisions. The 2004 Moudawana elevated the marriage age to 18, granted women initiation , and promoted shared parental responsibilities, yet implementation faces resistance from traditional judges and communities, sustaining empirical inequalities in authority and resource allocation.

Social Issues

Poverty, Unemployment, and Inequality

In Marrakesh, manifests in urban pockets amid broader regional disparities, with the national multidimensional rate declining to 6.8% in 2024 from 11.9% in 2014, though rural areas in the Marrakech-Safi region retain rates over four times higher at 13.1%. Bidonvilles, or informal slums on the city's fringes known as douars, persist despite the government's "Cities without Slums" program launched in 2004, which aimed to eradicate such settlements by relocating residents but has faced inefficiencies and resident resistance, leaving marginalized communities in substandard separated from formal . Unemployment in the Marrakech-Safi region reached 17.5% as of recent data, surpassing the national rate of 12.8% in Q2 2025, with nationwide at 35.8% amplifying pressures on young residents reliant on seasonal work. The dominates employment, accounting for over 70% of Morocco's labor market as of 2022, including street vending, unregulated handicrafts, and low-skill services in Marrakesh, where workers face precarious conditions without social protections. The September , with its epicenter 70 km south of Marrakesh, exacerbated poverty and displacements in peri-urban and rural zones, destroying homes in marginalized areas and straining informal livelihoods already vulnerable to shocks. , generating significant revenue for Marrakesh, skews benefits toward elite operators and formal establishments, yielding seasonal, low-wage informal jobs for locals while contributing to income gaps, as evidenced by informal sector wages remaining meager amid developments. Income inequality in Morocco, reflected in a Gini coefficient of 39.5 as of 2023, underscores these divides, with urban tourism hubs like Marrakesh exhibiting concentrated wealth among property owners and investors, while informal workers and slum residents experience limited upward mobility.

Crime, Safety, and Public Order

Marrakesh experiences relatively low rates of violent crime compared to global averages, with Morocco's national homicide rate at 1.65 per 100,000 people and robbery incidence at 48.71 per 100,000. Tourists face minimal risk of assault or serious harm, as violent incidents targeting visitors remain rare. However, petty theft dominates reported crimes, particularly pickpocketing, bag snatching, and scams in crowded areas like the Medina and Jemaa el-Fnaa square. Scams often involve overcharging for , fake guides, or goods, exploiting tourists' unfamiliarity with local practices. Bag and phone thefts occur frequently in markets and , prompting recommendations for vigilance and secure storage of valuables. Female travelers report verbal as commonplace in medinas, though physical sexual assaults in public spaces affect about 12.4% of Moroccan women annually nationwide, with underreporting likely due to social stigma. Rape cases heard in courts rose to approximately 1,600 in 2017, reflecting increased reporting rather than a surge in incidence, but data specific to Marrakesh remains limited. Police presence is notable in tourist zones, aiding deterrence of petty crimes through patrols and checkpoints. Morocco's , derived largely from civil law traditions rather than strict application, imposes imprisonment or fines for and , with no routine corporal punishments for common offenses. exists legally for severe crimes like but has not been enforced since 1993. Following the September 2023 near Marrakesh, which caused structural damage in the city but no documented spike in opportunistic crime, security forces maintained order amid recovery efforts. Public order remains stable, with low overall crime rates supporting Marrakesh's status as a viable destination for cautious visitors.

Human Rights Concerns and Freedoms

Morocco's penal code restricts freedom of expression through provisions that criminalize insults to the or , leading to prosecutions of journalists and activists. In 2024, authorities circumvented press laws to target investigative journalist Hamid El Mahdaoui, who faced charges under statutes for critical reporting, reflecting a pattern where ranks 129th out of 180 countries in the . While royal pardons released prominent journalists Taoufik Bouachrine, Omar Radi, and Soulaimane Raissouni in July 2024 after years of imprisonment on charges including and allegations often viewed as pretextual by rights groups, such releases do not address underlying legal mechanisms enabling suppression. Same-sex relations between consenting adults remain criminalized under Article 489 of the penal code, which prohibits "lewd or unnatural acts with an individual of the same sex" and carries penalties of six months to three years in plus fines. Enforcement persists, with groups documenting ongoing raids and convictions, such as those in 2023 amid anti-LGBTQ crackdowns, exacerbating rooted in conservative Islamic norms that view as prohibited. This legal framework contravenes international standards but aligns with Morocco's constitutional emphasis on Islamic principles, limiting protections for sexual minorities. Gender inequalities persist in , particularly , where the Moudawana code—reformed in 2004 but still influenced by —mandates that daughters inherit half the share of sons, and widows receive one-eighth if there are children, often forcing reliance on male relatives. Proposed 2024 reforms to allow equal distribution in some cases face resistance from conservative factions prioritizing religious tradition over egalitarian principles, perpetuating economic disparities for women. Minority protections, including for and in urban centers like Marrakesh, remain weak, with reports of arbitrary detentions during dissent episodes, such as the October 2025 protests where security forces used force against demonstrators, resulting in arrests and clashes. and have highlighted systemic issues like prolonged pretrial detentions without , though these organizations' advocacy-oriented reporting warrants scrutiny for potential amplification of unverified claims.

Youth Movements and Dissent

In late September 2025, youth-led protests erupted across , including in Marrakesh, driven by demands for reforms amid chronic high and deteriorating services. Organized under the "GenZ 212" banner—referencing 's international dialing code—the demonstrations targeted , inadequate healthcare infrastructure plagued by supply shortages and , and misplaced government priorities such as lavish spending on sports stadiums over . In Marrakesh, protesters blocked key highways and clashed with , echoing nationwide frustrations where stood at 35.8% for ages 15-24 in the second quarter of 2025, exacerbating a youth bulge with over half the under 35. Social media platforms served as the backbone of mobilization, enabling decentralized coordination without traditional hierarchies. Activists leveraged for real-time planning, and for viral awareness via hashtags like #GenZ212, and broader digital dissent to amplify grievances over and of resources. This digital agency allowed rapid scaling from online calls on , 2025, to street actions, bypassing state-controlled unions and drawing parallels to youth-driven unrest in other contexts where similar joblessness and service failures fuel resistance. Government responses combined concessions with repression, highlighting underlying tensions in youth dissent. By October 2, 2025, authorities deployed excessive force, resulting in the first reported -related deaths and mass arbitrary arrests, while promising social reforms and a $15 billion investment package to address and services. Critics, including protest coordinators, dismissed these as insufficient against systemic estimated to cost $5.4 billion annually, sustaining forward-looking volatility as Gen Z's refusal to defer demands signals persistent challenges to the .

Education

Educational Institutions and Madrasas

The Ben Youssef Madrasa, constructed between 1564 and 1565 under Saadian Sultan Abdallah al-Ghalib adjacent to the Ben Youssef Mosque, served as a prominent center for Quranic education and advanced Islamic scholarship in Marrakesh. At its peak, it accommodated up to 900 students in 130 cells, focusing on religious sciences such as (Islamic jurisprudence) and (Quranic exegesis), while incorporating secular disciplines like , , and to train scholars and administrators. The institution operated until its closure in 1960 amid Morocco's post-independence educational reforms, after which it underwent restoration and reopened to the public as a preserved monument in 1982; further rehabilitation efforts, directed by King Mohammed VI, were completed by the Ministry of Habous and Islamic Affairs to maintain its architectural and cultural integrity. Historically, madrasas in Marrakesh emphasized rote memorization of the and alongside dialectical reasoning in Islamic , providing residential that prioritized religious orthodoxy over empirical sciences, in contrast to contemporary secular curricula that integrate fields, sciences, and critical methodologies. While traditional madrasas like Ben Youssef occasionally included practical knowledge for societal roles, their core remained devotional and interpretive, differing from modern institutions' evidence-based approaches that align with global . Cadi Ayyad University, established in 1978 as one of Morocco's largest public entities, anchors secular learning in Marrakesh with nine of its 13 institutions located there, enrolling over 100,000 students regionally—nearly half in the city across faculties of sciences, , , and letters. It offers bachelor's, master's, and doctoral programs emphasizing research and professional training, diverging from traditions by mandating , , and English as mediums for diverse, non-religious subjects. Several private serve communities and affluent locals in Marrakesh, delivering Western-aligned curricula separate from national or public systems. The American School of Marrakesh provides an English-medium program from to high , accredited for U.S.-style education with courses. The British International Academy Marrakech follows a , fostering bilingual proficiency in English and alongside Arabic requirements. These institutions cater primarily to non-Moroccan families, numbering a few thousand students collectively, and prioritize global competencies over traditional Quranic instruction.

Literacy, Access, and Challenges

Morocco's national adult rate stood at approximately 75.93% as of recent assessments, placing it below the global average of over 86%, with centers like Marrakesh exhibiting higher rates due to greater to educational resources compared to rural areas. In Marrakesh, the setting mitigates some national disparities, but a persistent rural- divide persists in the surrounding region, where rural illiteracy rates can exceed 30%, driven by geographic isolation and limited . The in literacy has narrowed nationally, with female adult literacy rising from lower baselines through targeted enrollment policies, yet females in rural peri- zones near Marrakesh still lag behind males by up to 20 percentage points, reflecting entrenched barriers like early and household responsibilities. literacy rates approach 97.7% nationally, indicating progress in primary , but completion rates falter in underserved Marrakesh outskirts. Access to quality education in Marrakesh faces systemic challenges, including overcrowded classrooms—affecting 45% of facilities nationwide—and acute teacher shortages exacerbated by retirements and inadequate recruitment, leading to reliance on undertrained contract staff. These issues are compounded by underfunding, resulting in combined classes and resource deficits that hinder effective instruction, particularly in public schools serving and low-income populations. The , centered near Marrakesh, damaged over 530 educational institutions in affected regions, suspending classes and displacing thousands of students, with rural schools in the bearing the brunt and facing prolonged reconstruction delays that risk increased dropouts. Vocational training in Marrakesh reveals gaps misaligned with the city's tourism-dependent , where demand for skilled workers outpaces supply, as general vocational programs often fail to integrate practical competencies like and tailored to international visitors. National efforts to reform emphasize competitiveness, yet implementation lags, contributing to and underemployment in a sector employing over 500,000 , with Marrakesh's riads and hotels reporting persistent shortages of qualified personnel. This disconnect stems from curricula not fully adapting to market needs, limiting despite tourism's growth potential.

Healthcare

Healthcare System and Facilities

Marrakesh's healthcare infrastructure features a mix of public university hospitals and private clinics, serving the city's population of over 1.3 million alongside surrounding rural areas. The primary public facility is the Ibn Tofail University Center (CHU Ibn Tofail), a major institution equipped for , general and specialized (including maxillofacial and plastic procedures), and multidisciplinary care, handling high patient volumes in an urban setting. Another key public center is the CHU Mohammed VI, which incorporates the Ibn Nafis for advanced services, reflecting Morocco's emphasis on regional university hospitals to bolster specialized treatment access. These public hospitals operate under national frameworks but face challenges like overcrowding and resource strains typical of Morocco's tiered system, where feeds into secondary facilities. Private healthcare options are prominent in the Gueliz district, Marrakesh's modern commercial hub, offering higher standards and shorter wait times for those able to pay out-of-pocket or via supplemental . Facilities such as Clinique Plaza Marrakech, a multidisciplinary clinic adhering to stringent hospital norms, provide comprehensive services including diagnostics and surgery in a central location. Similarly, Clinique Averroès, established in 1975 and expanded in Gueliz, delivers 24/7 emergency care, maternity services, and specialized treatments in and mental health, catering to both locals and expatriates seeking efficient care. Polyclinique Les Narcisses, operational for over 30 years in the same area, focuses on medico-surgical interventions, underscoring the private sector's role in addressing gaps in public capacity. National health coverage in Marrakesh aligns with Morocco's Assurance Maladie Obligatoire (AMO), implemented progressively since 2005 for formal sector employees, offering partial reimbursements for consultations, medications, hospitalization, and services like maternity and . This scheme covers approximately 22 million beneficiaries nationwide as of recent expansions, but implementation varies, with urban Marrakesh benefiting from better reimbursement networks compared to rural peripheries where access remains limited due to geographic and infrastructural barriers. Complementary to formal systems, traditional practices persist, including steam baths using black soap derived from for skin exfoliation and circulation improvement, and remedies from local shops promoting natural wellness, though these lack formal integration into public protocols.

Public Health Issues and Reforms

Marrakesh faces elevated rates of non-communicable diseases, particularly and , driven by dietary patterns rich in refined carbohydrates and sugars, coupled with sedentary lifestyles. In , non-communicable diseases account for 84% of deaths, with contributing 6% and cardiovascular issues 38%; local studies in the Marrakech region show high central prevalence among schoolchildren, exceeding 20% in some cohorts, associated with low and urban food environments favoring processed items. These conditions strain resources, as poor glycemic control in patients correlates with and inadequate monitoring, exacerbating complications like and nephropathy. Waterborne illnesses pose ongoing risks due to contamination in local water supplies, including parasites like and detected in Marrakech drinking water sources, heightening vulnerability to gastrointestinal infections and . Common pathogens such as typhoid and spread via fecal-contaminated food and water, with wastewater reuse in irrigation fields amplifying geohelminth transmission in peri-urban areas. Despite chlorination efforts, unchlorinated freshwater sources harbor , underscoring sanitation gaps in informal settlements. The , centered near Marrakesh, exposed deficiencies in trauma response, with over 2,900 deaths and 5,500 injuries overwhelming facilities and delaying for survivors experiencing acute stress and PTSD. services lagged, as rooted in cultural attributions of illness to causes or weakness deterred uptake, with public perceptions viewing mental disorders as moral failings rather than treatable conditions. Morocco's containment, via lockdowns and vaccination drives, reduced transmission but highlighted equipment shortages in Marrakesh hospitals, mirroring national patterns where reallocations strained routine care. By 2025, persistent staff shortages—approximately 7.7 medical professionals per 10,000 inhabitants nationally, with regional disparities—have led to emergency room overcrowding and equipment deficits, compounded by doctors' unauthorized private practice depleting capacity. Reforms include inaugurating 11 new urban and centers in the Marrakech-Safi region in October 2025 to expand access, alongside a national emergency protocol unifying procedures and reorganizing departments to cases efficiently. However, chronic understaffing and uneven implementation persist, limiting efficacy against entrenched issues like stigma, which reduces service utilization despite growing awareness post-disasters.

Transportation

Road Networks and Buses

Marrakesh's road infrastructure includes a network of arterial avenues such as Avenue Mohammed VI and Boulevard Allal El Fassi, facilitating connections between the historic medina and modern districts like Gueliz and Hivernage, though the absence of a comprehensive peripheral ring road contributes to bottlenecks at entry points from national highways P2121 and R207. Traffic congestion remains acute, particularly during peak hours and tourist seasons, with average delays at signalized intersections increased by up to 30% due to the prevalence of motorcycles, which constitute over 40% of motorized vehicles in the city and often violate lane discipline. Simulations using PTV Vissim software have demonstrated potential for 20% congestion reduction through optimized signal timings and dedicated bus lanes, informing ongoing urban planning efforts. The city's bus system, managed by Alsa Morocco, operates 49 urban routes covering approximately 1,697 stops and serving both intra-city and peripheral areas with air-conditioned vehicles on major lines. These services, including lines like L10 from Abilk to the city hall and L12 to Bab Kechich, provide affordable fares starting at 5 dirhams and run from early morning to late evening, though overcrowding and irregular adherence to schedules limit reliability. Integration with grands taxis for inter-district travel supplements the network, but low ridership— accounts for only about 20% of daily trips amid competition from private vehicles—highlights underutilization despite expansions post-2010. Petits taxis, compact red sedans limited to , dominate short-haul with over 10,000 registered in the region, offering metered rides averaging 10-20 dirhams for medina trips but prone to haggling and route deviations. Motorized two-wheelers, including scooters and motorcycles, prevail for their maneuverability in congested alleys, comprising a majority of non-car traffic, yet they elevate accident risks through frequent and helmet non-compliance rates exceeding 70%. The 4th Global on , convened in on February 18-20, 2025, under the theme "Commit to Life," assessed midterm progress in the UN Decade of Action for 2021-2030, where global fatalities persist at around 1.2 million annually, and endorsed enhanced data collection protocols and infrastructure investments to halve road deaths by 2030, with committing to stricter enforcement of speed limits and vehicle standards.

Rail Connections

Marrakesh Railway Station serves as the primary rail hub and southern terminus for the network, facilitating intercity travel primarily northward. Daily services include approximately 16 trains to Fez via Voyageurs and limited direct options to , with connections to and other northern cities. The most frequent route links Marrakesh to , covering 246 kilometers in 2 hours 30 minutes to 3 hours 10 minutes on conventional or electric trains equipped with first- and second-class seating. These services, operated by , attract tourists for their relative comfort and scenic views through the Haouz plain, though speeds average 100-160 km/h on upgraded tracks. High-speed rail currently does not extend to Marrakesh; the line, Africa's first, operates solely between and at up to 320 km/h since its 2018 inauguration. However, in April 2025, King Mohammed VI initiated construction of a 430-kilometer LGV extension from (linking to the existing high-speed network) to Marrakesh, designed for 350 km/h operation at a cost of 53 billion dirhams (about $5.3 billion). This project, part of a broader $10 billion expansion ahead of the , aims to halve Marrakesh- travel to 2 hours 40 minutes by 2030, including new stations and electrification. For destinations south of Marrakesh, such as or , no direct rail exists; ONCF subsidiary Supratours provides connecting buses from the premises. trains, including the to , offer sleeper options for longer journeys.

Airports and Air Travel

(IATA: RAK, ICAO: GMMX), located approximately 6 kilometers southeast of the city center, serves as the primary international gateway for Marrakesh and the surrounding region. Operated by the Moroccan national airport authority ONDA (Office National des Aéroports), it features a single runway and two terminals, with the facility handling both passenger and limited cargo traffic primarily via passenger aircraft. The airport connects Marrakesh to over 110 destinations worldwide, predominantly in , facilitated by more than 40 airlines including low-cost carriers such as , , and . In 2024, the airport recorded approximately 9.3 million passengers, exceeding its current capacity of 8 million and reflecting strong post-pandemic recovery driven by demand. This marked a significant increase from prior years, with traffic rising 33.88% in the first nine months alone to about 6.7 million passengers compared to the same period in 2023. The surge underscores Marrakesh's role as a key leisure destination, with seasonal peaks from European markets supporting the local through inbound . To accommodate growing demand, particularly from low-cost carriers targeting expansion, ONDA awarded contracts in August 2025 for major upgrades at Menara, including expansion of the passenger terminal to 142,000 square meters at a cost of around 2.2 billion (approximately $220 million). These enhancements, part of a broader national plan to double capacities by 2030, aim to alleviate saturation and support projected increases in tourist arrivals, with initiatives like establishing its first African base at RAK in 2026 using three aircraft. Cargo operations at Menara focus on freight handling integrated with flights, supporting exports such as agricultural products and textiles from the , with services provided by ground handlers like and . While not a dedicated hub, the airport facilitates time-sensitive shipments via carriers including and Iberia, contributing to Morocco's broader network.

Sports

Major Sports and Facilities

Football is the predominant sport in Marrakesh, with the serving as the city's primary venue. Opened in 2011 at a cost of €84 million, the stadium has a capacity of 45,240 spectators, including 42,610 seated and facilities for VIP, press, and disabled access. It features natural grass surface and hosts matches for local teams. The Kawkab Athlétique Club de Marrakech (KACM), founded on September 20, 1947, plays its home games there and competes in Morocco's Botola Pro league. Golf is a significant activity, drawing international tourists to Marrakesh's desert-fringed courses. The , established in 1927 as one of Morocco's oldest, spans 27 holes amid 15,000 trees and manicured gardens. Other notable facilities include the , recognized as Africa's best in 2017, and the , both offering championship layouts with Atlas Mountain views suitable for various skill levels. Equestrian pursuits reflect longstanding and traditions, including Tbourida, a theatrical display of synchronized horseback charges originating in the as simulated military maneuvers. Facilities like equestrian centers in the Palmeraie and Atlas foothills provide riding lessons and trails on Arabian-Barb horses, overseen by the Royal Moroccan Equestrian Federation which promotes disciplines such as and jumping.

Events and Achievements

Marrakesh hosts group stage matches for the at , including fixtures such as versus on December 22, 2025, contributing to Morocco's role as the tournament host from December 21, 2025, to January 18, 2026. These events build on the city's prior experience with international , including qualifiers and regional competitions that have drawn competitive performances from African teams. The International Marathon of Marrakech, held annually since 1998, features a flat course through palm groves and urban areas, enabling fast times and records. In the 2025 edition on January 26, Kenyan runner Alfonce Kibiwott Kigen won the men's full marathon in 2:08:50, while Ethiopian Tirfi Tsegaye claimed the women's title in 2:25:46. Earlier editions saw course records, such as John Nzau Mwangangi's 2:06:13 in 2015, highlighting the event's appeal for elite athletes seeking personal bests. Moroccan athletes associated with Marrakesh have competed in events, particularly in athletics and sports, though specific wins tied directly to the city remain limited compared to national totals of 24 medals, mostly in . Local traditional wrestling, including styles rooted in Sufi practices, features in cultural competitions that emphasize strength and , often held during festivals to preserve amid modern sports. Following the 4th Global Ministerial Conference on in Marrakesh in February 2025, initiatives under the FIA's 4 Safe 4 Life program advanced motorsport-linked safety measures, influencing local events like touring car races at the Marrakech , where past rounds achieved competitive finishes without major incidents.

International Relations

Diplomatic Ties and Conferences

Marrakesh has emerged as a key venue for international diplomatic gatherings, leveraging its such as the Palais des Congrès. The Framework Convention on Climate Change's 22nd (COP22) convened in the city from November 7 to 18, 2016, where nearly 200 nations advanced the Agreement's operationalization through the Marrakech Action Proclamation, endorsing full implementation to limit global temperature rise and establishing a roadmap for enhanced ambition in nationally determined contributions. This event built on the 2015 outcomes, fostering multilateral commitments amid post-U.S. election uncertainties, with outcomes including initial steps for a framework and capacity-building mechanisms for developing countries. The city's hosting role continued with the 4th Global Ministerial on Road Safety, held from February 18 to 20, 2025, at the Palais des Congrès under Moroccan government auspices and co-sponsorship. Attended by ministers and experts from multiple nations, the assessed toward the Sustainable Development Goal target of halving global road traffic deaths by 2030, emphasizing knowledge-sharing on , , and vehicle safety, while announcing new commitments to accelerate data-driven interventions. Morocco's diplomatic alliances, notably with , trace to the 1912-1956 protectorate era, which shaped Marrakesh's modern urban and cultural landscape through French administrative influence and investment. Bilateral ties strengthened in October 2024 with 22 strategic agreements valued at €10 billion, covering defense, energy, and infrastructure, reflecting France's alignment with on regional issues like sovereignty. The September 8, , magnitude 6.8 earthquake centered in near Marrakesh prompted selective international acceptance, with Morocco prioritizing offers from four nations including and the UAE amid logistical challenges in the Mountains, while declining broader assistance to maintain operational control. This approach underscored pragmatic , enabling targeted in the Marrakech-Safi region via partners like the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies, which distributed shelters and essentials to thousands of displaced residents. Such responses reinforced alliances with immediate responders, contrasting with initial hesitations toward offers from and others due to political and capacity considerations.

Sister Cities and Tourism Partnerships

Marrakesh has formalized relationships to promote cultural understanding, economic collaboration, and tourism development. These partnerships facilitate exchanges in heritage preservation, educational programs, and visitor promotion, leveraging Marrakesh's status as a World Heritage site to attract international tourists.
Sister CityCountryEstablishment DateFocus Areas
January 2012Cultural exchanges, student programs, and mutual tourism promotion through events and delegations.
SuzhouSeptember 29, 2022Heritage collaboration, trade, and initiatives to boost visitor flows and cultural preservation efforts.
These agreements have supported targeted campaigns, including joint to highlight shared architectural and artisanal traditions, contributing to increased arrivals from regions. For instance, the Scottsdale link has involved reciprocal visits and events emphasizing landscapes and riads, while the pact aligns with Morocco's broader efforts to diversify Asian tourism markets.

Notable People

Historical Figures

Yusuf ibn Tashfin (c. 1009–1106), an Almoravid leader, founded Marrakesh around 1070 as the capital of his expanding empire in the , constructing its early fortifications, the original mosque, and marketplaces to serve as a hub for trade and military operations. He unified tribes and extended Almoravid control over , western , and parts of , notably defeating Christian forces led by Alfonso VI at the in 1086, which temporarily halted advances. Tashfin's establishment of Marrakesh marked a shift from nomadic governance to urban Islamic rule, with the city's name derived from terms meaning "Land of God" or reflecting its reddish soil and ochre buildings. Under the Saadian dynasty (1549–1659), which reclaimed Marrakesh as its base after expelling Portuguese influences, sultans like (r. 1578–1603) elevated the city to a pinnacle of political and cultural influence. , known as "the Golden" for amassing wealth from trans-Saharan gold and sugar trades, commissioned the in 1578 to commemorate his victory over Portuguese and Saadian rivals at the (also called the ) on August 4, 1578, where over 8,000 Portuguese were killed or captured. His saw Marrakesh's population swell and its infrastructure expand, including ornate mausolea in the complex for royal burials, reflecting Saadian emphasis on architectural grandeur funded by conquests in 1591. 's policies fostered , though the dynasty's later fragmentation diminished Marrakesh's centrality by the mid-17th century. Marrakesh also attracted scholars whose works referenced or analyzed the city. (1332–1406), the Tunisian historian and philosopher, cited Marrakesh's founding in his (c. 1377), dating it variably to 1061–1070 based on earlier chroniclers like Ibn Abi Zar and Ibn Idhari, using it as an example of urban rise amid tribal dynamics in North African . Though not a resident, Khaldun's observations on polities, informed by his time in nearby Fez, underscored Marrakesh's role in (group solidarity) driving imperial cycles. The city's medieval Jewish community included traders and physicians integral to commerce along caravan routes, with figures like court Jews advising rulers; however, specific pre-modern individuals such as early nagids (community heads) remain less documented amid periodic expulsions and migrations, though their economic networks linked Marrakesh to Mediterranean ports by the .

Contemporary Notables

(born September 20, 1985), a Moroccan actress raised in Marrakesh, achieved international recognition for portraying a sex worker in the 2015 film , directed by , which premiered at the and depicted underground prostitution networks, prompting severe backlash in Morocco including death threats, a labeling her an , and her departure from the country. Abdesslam Yassine (1928–2012), born in Marrakesh to a family of modest means, emerged as a key post-independence Islamist figure after Morocco's 1956 sovereignty, working initially as an educator before founding the Justice and Spirituality movement in 1981 as a Sufi-influenced opposition group advocating Islamic governance, , and criticism of monarchical , which led to his 11-year imprisonment from 1973 to 1984 under King Hassan II for writings challenging the regime's legitimacy.

References

  1. [1]
    Medina of Marrakesh - UNESCO World Heritage Centre
    Founded in 1070-1072 by the Almoravids (1056-1147), capital of the Almohads (1147-1269), Marrakesh was, for a long time, a major political, economic and ...
  2. [2]
    Why is Marrakech called The Red City? - Villanovo
    Jan 13, 2023 · The birth of Al-Hamra - 'The Red One'. The answer lies in the early history of the city and its particular geographic characteristics.
  3. [3]
    Marrakech Population 2025 - World Population Review
    Marrakech's 2025 population is now estimated at 1,085,330. In 1950, the population of Marrakech was 208,836. Marrakech has grown by 18,160 in the last year, ...
  4. [4]
    Marrakech: A Cultural Journey Through Morocco | - Magnificent Travel
    Marrakech was founded in 1070 by the Almoravid dynasty and quickly became an important political, economic, and cultural center. The city's distinctive red ...
  5. [5]
    History of Marrakech - A brief history of the Red City
    Marrakech was founded in 1062 by Yusuf ibn Tashfin, leader of the Moroccan Almoravid empire. He is also considered one of the most prominent leaders of the ...
  6. [6]
    Marrakech - - World Water Congress
    Marrakech, founded in the 11th century, is a historic city known as the "red city" with a unique water system and a museum dedicated to water.Missing: Marrakesh | Show results with:Marrakesh
  7. [7]
    Why the name: Marrakesh? - African Heritage
    Jun 2, 2013 · Spelled Merrakec in Berber or Marrakech in French, the name has its origin from the Amazigh (Berber) words 'mur (n) akush' which means “Land of God.”
  8. [8]
    Fun Facts about Marrakesh - Journey Beyond Travel
    May 27, 2019 · The name Marrakesh has its origins in the Berber language 'mur (n) akush' which means Land of God. The ancient Medina was declared a UNESCO ...Missing: etymology | Show results with:etymology
  9. [9]
    Meaning, origin and history of the place name Marrakesh
    Meaning & History. From Arabic مرّاكش (Marrākush), possibly from Berber Murt n Akush meaning "land of God". This is the name of a city in Morocco. Related Names.Missing: Murakush | Show results with:Murakush
  10. [10]
    Marrakech - Wiktionary, the free dictionary
    Marrakech · English · French · Italian · Portuguese · Spanish.
  11. [11]
    The meaning of Marrakech
    Well, this is still under debate, some say it comes from the amazigh words: words amur (n) akush (ⴰⵎⵓⵔ ⵏ ⴰⴽⵓⵛ), which means “Land of God”. In a manuscript from ...
  12. [12]
    [PDF] the prehistoric rock art of morocco: a study of its extension ...
    In the Haouz plain, centred on Marrakech, a number of surface sites have also yielded large amounts of polished stone axes and tools similar to those of Bab ...
  13. [13]
    (PDF) Nouvelle station toulkinienne à M'Zoudia (Haouz de Marrakech)
    M'Zoudia serves as a notable site for Neolithic archaeological studies. Evidence supports cultural continuity between the High Atlas and Marrakech regions.
  14. [14]
    Marrakesh History
    The founding of Marrakech: The Haouz plain around Marrakech had been inhabited from Neolithic times at least by simple Berber farmers, whose stone ...
  15. [15]
    History of Marrakech | Dynasties, Monuments, Architecture & Culture
    Jun 13, 2020 · 1d/ History of Marrakech : The etymology of the Name. The etymology of the name Marrakech comes from the Berber Amurakouch, or Amurakus ...
  16. [16]
    The Art of the Almoravid and Almohad Periods (ca. 1062–1269)
    Oct 1, 2001 · ... Marrakesh as its capital in 1062. Led by Yusuf ibn Tashfin, the Almoravids entered al-Andalus (Islamic Spain) after the fall of Toledo in ...
  17. [17]
    History of Marrakech | Timence Guide
    Marrakech was founded in 1062 by the Almoravid leader Yusuf ibn Tashfin, amid the sweeping plains near the foothills of the snow-capped Atlas Mountains.Missing: Marrakesh | Show results with:Marrakesh
  18. [18]
    When Was Marrakech Founded? #1 Red City's Unique History
    Sep 3, 2025 · In the early years after its founding, the city was largely a fortified camp, a base for the Almoravid military operations. Yet, within a ...Missing: Marrakesh | Show results with:Marrakesh
  19. [19]
    Ben Youssef Mosque [The Mosque that Refused to Die]
    Rating 5.0 (1) The original Ben Youssef Mosque was built in 1070 by Yusuf ibn Tashfin, an Almoravid emir. ... Later, his son, Ali ibn Yusuf, went on to build an even ...
  20. [20]
    Ben Youssef Complex in Marrakech - Bob Cromwell
    The Almoravid emir Yusuf ibn Tashfin built the first mosque in Marrakech in the 1070s, during the first decade of the city's existence. His son and ...
  21. [21]
    Morocco: The Almohads (1121 - 1269 CE) - Chronicle Fanack.com
    Aug 7, 2022 · Abd al-Mu'min took over the conquest of Morocco and eastern Algeria, but only in 1147 did he capture Marrakesh, after a long siege. A ...
  22. [22]
    THE ALMOHADS COME TO POWER 1147 (ST) - Timewise Traveller
    His forces conquered Fez the following year and then in 1147 brought down the enemy by the capture of their capital, Marrakesh. Having destroyed the ...
  23. [23]
    Almohads - Jewish Virtual Library
    ... conquest" and de-Islamization. Under Ibn Tūmart's successor, 'Abd al-Mu'min, the Almohads brought down the Almoravid state in 1147; they captured *Marrakesh ...
  24. [24]
    Jami' al-Kutubiyya Marrakech, Morocco - Archnet
    Timeline: Almohad {1130-1269}. Events. 1147-1157/541-551 AH construction of 1st mosque, 1154-1162/548-557 AH Construction of 2nd mosque,. Style Periods. Almohad.
  25. [25]
    Koutoubia Mosque | IRCICA
    Construction of the first mosque began between 1147 and 1154, and was completed by 1157; the second mosque was probably built between 1154 and 1162, although ...
  26. [26]
    The Almohads | My Jewish Learning
    A fanatical sect in the twelfth century in North Africa: the Almohads (al-Muwahhidun, “unifiers,” ie strict believers in the unity of God).
  27. [27]
    Marīnid dynasty | Morocco, Almohad, Maghreb - Britannica
    With the defeat of the last of the Almohads and the capture of Marrakech in 1269, the Marīnids, under Abū Yūsuf Yaʿqūb, became masters of Morocco.
  28. [28]
    Marrakesh (Morocco) - Organization of World Heritage Cities - OWHC
    In 1269, the Marinids, a Berber tribe from the high plateaus, conquered the city of Marrakesh after having made Fez their capital. Although new construction was ...<|separator|>
  29. [29]
    Marrakesh: “Gateway to Africa” - The Yale Globalist
    Aug 6, 2015 · Marrakesh is a city that quite literally has no rival in the Maghreb as an Arab-African trading point.Missing: prosperity 13th- 17th
  30. [30]
    Wattasid — Al Fusaic
    From 1472-1554, the Wattasids controlled the region that is now northern Morocco and ruled from Fez, their capital city.
  31. [31]
    The Wattasid Dynasty of Morocco
    The Wattasid Dynasty succeeded the Marinid Dynasty, both of which were of Zenata Berber descent, adhering to the tenets of Sunni Islam.
  32. [32]
    Archnet > Authority > Marrakech
    During the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, under the Saadians, Marrakesh was revived and flourished thanks to the gold trade, and the conquest of ...
  33. [33]
    Saadians - 1549-1666 - GlobalSecurity.org
    Nov 5, 2022 · The Saadians were Cherifian Arabs, newcomers from Arabia, to whom the lax Berber paganism was abhorrent. They preached a return to the creed of Mahomet.
  34. [34]
    History of Morocco Across Dynasties: From Idrisids to the Alawites
    The Almoravids succeeded the Idrisids and founded the city of Marrakech in 1062. ... The Marinid Dynasty (1244–1465). The Berber Marinids established Fez as ...
  35. [35]
    History of Morocco: From Empire to Independence | Rough Guides
    ... Marrakesh under Moulay Rachid in 1669. But Rachid was killed in a palace coup just three years later. Real control came with his brother: Moulay Ismail.
  36. [36]
    Slave Soldiers and State Politics in Early 'Alawi Morocco, 1668 - 1727
    al-Rashid killed Karum al-. Hajj and installed his own governor at Marrakech, in 1669, he seems to have automati- cally assumed command of Karum's Shabanat ...<|separator|>
  37. [37]
    The Sultan Moulay Ismail: Morocco's Much-Feared, Long-Lived Ruler
    Sep 3, 2020 · Over the course of the first years of Moulay Ismail's reign, his nephew would declare himself sultan in Marrakesh, commanding the support of ...
  38. [38]
    8 Frightening Facts About Sultan Moulay Ismail Ibn Sharif
    Mar 14, 2018 · Ismail, the second ruler of the Alaouite dynasty, presided over Morocco at the same time that Louis XIV, the Sun King, ruled France. He and ...<|separator|>
  39. [39]
    Mythical Marrakech – The Great Palaces of the Medina - Josette King
    Feb 15, 2020 · But in 1690, Sultan Moulay Ismael stripped it bare to adorn his own palace in Meknes, some 350 kilometers (220 miles) northeast of Marrakech. ...
  40. [40]
    The History of La Sultana, Marrakech - Naturally Morocco
    Apr 13, 2017 · Located in UNESCO listed Medina World Heritage Site, La Sultana Marrakech celebrates the 100 year anniversary of the discovery of the Saadian Mausoleum.<|separator|>
  41. [41]
    The Changing Character of Moroccan Reformism, 1921-1934 - jstor
    As early as the mid-nineteenth century, French activity in neighbour- ing Algeria had evoked in Morocco a self-defensive military reorganization. In the first ...
  42. [42]
    Bahia Palace is a mid to late 19th-Century Palace in Marrakech
    The Bahia palace is the most visited historical site in Marrakech. So, this ornate palace was given to the concubine Bahia, a favorite of the wealthy vizier ...
  43. [43]
    Marrakesh - Jewish Virtual Library
    The Jews under the Alawite sultans in the late 18th and throughout much of the 19th centuries played a preponderant role in the local economy and their social ...Missing: Alaouite | Show results with:Alaouite
  44. [44]
    Morocco's Eternal Glory: A Timeless Kingdom of Culture, Power, and ...
    Apr 20, 2025 · During the 18th and 19th centuries, Moroccan sultans: Signed peace and trade agreements with France, Spain, Britain, and the Netherlands ...<|control11|><|separator|>
  45. [45]
    [PDF] Sovereignty in Southern Morocco at the End of the 19th Century An ...
    Enticed by the potential of free trade with Europe without having to pay the duties levied by the Sultan, elite trading families began to challenge the economic.
  46. [46]
    6. French Morocco (1912-1956) - University of Central Arkansas
    French Morocco was a protectorate from 1912-1956, with a crisis and conflict phase, before gaining independence on March 2, 1956.
  47. [47]
    Thami El Glaoui The Powerful Pasha Of Marrakech
    The French and the British knew Thami El Glaoui as Lord of the Atlas. From 1912 to 1956, he was the Pasha of Marrakesh and the most powerful man in Morocco.
  48. [48]
    The Pasha of Marrakech - Arab America
    Sep 4, 2024 · Thami El Glaoui's tight collaboration with French authorities brought him tremendous power and fortune, but it also sparked controversy and ...
  49. [49]
    Gueliz, the modern district of Marrakech
    Oct 7, 2019 · Built during the establishment of the French protectorate in 1912 by Marshal Lyautey, Guéliz is the first district of Marrakech built outside ...
  50. [50]
    Full article: A hole in the wall: French colonial planning approaches ...
    Oct 13, 2022 · The policy of the 'protector' served two main purposes. At a national level, Lyautey hoped that it would peacefully ensure the maintenance of ...
  51. [51]
    Independence for Morocco and Tunisia - Decolonisation
    Morocco officially gained independence on 2 March 1956 after the signing of a joint declaration in Paris to replace the Treaty of Fez that had established ...
  52. [52]
    Marrakech, Morocco Population (2025)
    Population in Urban Area, now · World: 584th · Africa: 73rd · Morocco: 5th. Population in City Area, 2016-11-03. 839,296. World: 437th; Africa ...
  53. [53]
    Marrakech, Morocco Metro Area Population (1950-2025)
    The current metro area population of Marrakech in 2025 is 1,085,000, a 1.69% increase from 2024. The metro area population of Marrakech in 2024 was 1,067,000, ...
  54. [54]
    Marrakesh - Atlas of Urban Expansion
    Population. The Population of Marrakesh in 2014 was 770,422, increasing at an average annual rate of 3.3% since 2002. The population of Marrakesh in 2002 was ...
  55. [55]
    Morocco Tourism | SpringerLink
    Oct 2, 2022 · Between 1961 and 1999, the period of the reign of Hassan II, tourism was never a central element in the country's economic development policy.Missing: era | Show results with:era
  56. [56]
    Why Marrakesh's Medina is a UNESCO World Heritage Site
    Aug 2, 2025 · Marrakesh's Medina, a historic area established in 1070–1072, earned its UNESCO World Heritage status in 1985 for its incredible blend of ...
  57. [57]
    https://gowithguide.com/blog/tourism-in-marrakech-statistics-2024-your-in-depth-travel-guide-to-the-red-city-5739
  58. [58]
    Morocco launches $10 billion rail expansion plan | Reuters
    Apr 24, 2025 · The new high-speed line, worth 53 billion dirhams, will start from Kenitra on the Atlantic coast and run 430 kilometres south to Marrakesh, ...
  59. [59]
    M 6.8 - Al Haouz, Morocco - Earthquake Hazards Program
    Sep 8, 2023 · The September 8, 2023, M 6.8 earthquake near Oukaïmedene, Morocco, occurred due to oblique-reverse faulting at shallow depth within the ...
  60. [60]
    Morocco: Earthquake - Sep 2023 - ReliefWeb
    On 8 September 2023 at 22.11 UTC powerful earthquake of magnitude 6.8 struck Morocco at 18.5 km depth. The epicentre was in the High Atlas Mountains.
  61. [61]
    2023 Morocco Earthquake - Center for Disaster Philanthropy
    Oct 25, 2023 · A devastating magnitude 6.8 earthquake hit Morocco just after 11 pm local time. The earthquake's depth was 11.5 miles, and the epicenter was 44 miles southwest ...
  62. [62]
    Historic Marrakesh hit hard by Morocco quake - AL-Monitor
    Sep 10, 2023 · Some parts of the 700-hectare (1,730-acre) medina and its network of alleyways saw significant damage, with mounds of rubble and crumpled ...
  63. [63]
    State of Conservation (SOC 2024) Medina of Marrakesh (Morocco)
    The Medina of Marrakesh was slightly impacted by the earthquake, with minor damage to most monuments, except for ramparts. The OUV was not affected. Emergency ...
  64. [64]
    What travelers to Morocco need to know following the recent ... - CNN
    Sep 11, 2023 · Is Marrakech badly damaged? The quake has caused damage in the medina, or old town. A mosque in Jemaa el-Fna, the iconic square that doubles ...
  65. [65]
    Marrakech Earthquake: Impact on Medina, Riads, and Riad ...
    Sep 24, 2023 · The Marrakech earthquake of September 8, 2023, sent shockwaves through this ancient city, the earth trembled and buildings swayed, the historic ...Missing: Haouz | Show results with:Haouz<|control11|><|separator|>
  66. [66]
    Frustration and anger grow amid slow earthquake rescue operations ...
    Sep 11, 2023 · The rescue and recovery operations continue at a slow pace, a source of frustration and anger for many Moroccans who say the government is not doing enough.
  67. [67]
    Aid delays fuel anger at government after Morocco earthquake
    Sep 12, 2023 · Aid delays fuel anger at government after Morocco earthquake. Some residents have complained that rescue crews didn't show up for days, leaving ...
  68. [68]
    Rescue teams are frustrated that Morocco did not accept more ...
    Sep 12, 2023 · Aid groups in Europe are frustrated that Morocco did not throw open its doors to outside assistance as Turkey did for a devastating quake in February.
  69. [69]
    The politics behind Morocco turning down help after the devastating ...
    Sep 12, 2023 · Morocco has allowed search teams to access the disaster areas, but it has declined or ignored aid offered by France and Algeria.
  70. [70]
    The recent earthquake has exposed Morocco's poor governance ...
    Oct 25, 2023 · An earthquake in September exposed societal marginalisation, a rigid power structure undermined by the king's absence, and a lack of transparency between ...
  71. [71]
    Morocco to spend $11.7bn on post-earthquake reconstruction plan
    Sep 20, 2023 · Morocco plans to spend at least 120 billion dirhams ($11.7bn) in a post-earthquake reconstruction plan over the next five years, the royal palace has said.
  72. [72]
    Morocco to spend $11.7 billion on five-year post-quake ... - Reuters
    Sep 20, 2023 · Morocco plans to spend at least 120 billion dirhams ($11.7 billion) in a post-earthquake reconstruction plan over the next five years, ...
  73. [73]
    Morocco: EIB accelerated its support with €500 million in financing ...
    Mar 5, 2025 · In 2025, the EIB will continue to support Morocco's ... Morocco's €12 billion post-earthquake reconstruction programme running upto 2028.
  74. [74]
    One year after the earthquake, those rebuilding are feeling left behind
    Sep 7, 2024 · "Nowhere else did post-earthquake reconstruction take less than four years. However, we were told that in one year everything would be rebuilt.<|separator|>
  75. [75]
    Morocco tourism hotspot Marrakech makes quick recovery from ...
    Dec 16, 2023 · Morocco tourism hotspot Marrakech makes quick recovery from September 2023 earthquake: damaged buildings repaired, visitors are back. On ...
  76. [76]
    Morocco's Tourism Resilience: Intrepid Helps After Earthquake - Skift
    Mar 1, 2024 · Intrepid Travel used its resources to bring tourism back to the High Atlas communities in Morocco devastated by the September earthquake.
  77. [77]
    Where is Marrakesh, Morocco on Map Lat Long Coordinates
    Marrakesh, Morocco is located at Morocco country in the Cities place category with the gps coordinates of 31° 37' 43.2264'' N and 7° 59' 31.3692'' W.
  78. [78]
    Casablanca to Marrakesh - 5 ways to travel via train, bus, car ...
    How far is it from Casablanca to Marrakesh? The distance between Casablanca and Marrakesh is 246 km. The road distance is 240 km. Get driving directions. How ...
  79. [79]
    Where is Marrakech: The Ultimate Guide to Morocco's Magical City
    Oct 6, 2025 · Marrakech is located in central Morocco, west of the Atlas Mountains and at the crossroads of the Sahara Desert. It is one of Morocco's four ...
  80. [80]
    The Medina of Marrakech: Everything You Need To Know
    The Medina of Marrakech is the historic center of the city. The Medina is surrounded by 19 kilometers of walls, which date back to the 12th century.
  81. [81]
    Gueliz Marrakech Guide: Art Deco District & Modern Quarter
    Aug 15, 2025 · Explore Gueliz, Marrakech's historic Art Deco district built in 1931. Discover iconic landmarks, colonial architecture, and modern Moroccan ...Missing: Marrakesh | Show results with:Marrakesh
  82. [82]
    The must-see in the Gueliz of Marrakech - Chic Morocco
    The Gueliz district of Marrakech is the new area of the city. In fact, it is also known as Ville Nouvelle. Although it does not have the history or the ...
  83. [83]
    Marrakesh topographic map, elevation, terrain
    The average elevation of the snow-covered High Atlas lies above 3,000 metres (9,800 ft). It is mainly composed of Jurassic limestone. The mountain range runs ...
  84. [84]
    [PDF] Tectonic shortening and topography in the central High Atlas ...
    [1] Three cross sections of the Moroccan High Atlas illustrate the structural geometry and relationship between tectonic shortening and topography in this.
  85. [85]
    [PDF] 3D Geological Model of the Eastern Haouz Region (Morocco)
    The Mio-Pliocene formations consist of limestone or dolomites, alternating with sandstone layers exposed at certain locations in the northern and southern side ...
  86. [86]
    a case study of the AL Haouz-Mejjate aquifer, Marrakech, Morocco
    Apr 13, 2024 · The AL Haouz Plain is a tectonic sedimentary basin filled with siliciclastic deposits generated from Neogene and Quaternary erosion of the ...
  87. [87]
    geochemistry of triassic sandstones (high atlas of marrakech ...
    Jul 6, 2016 · Red sandstones represent mainly distal braided-stream deposits where very extensive sand flats with 3D dunes, 2D sand waves and high-regime ...Missing: terre | Show results with:terre
  88. [88]
    The 8 September 2023, MW 6.8, Morocco Earthquake: A Deep ...
    Jan 12, 2024 · Geodetic models of the 8 September 2023, MW 6.8, Morocco earthquake. (a) High-angle NNW-dipping fault and (b) gentle-angle SSW-dipping fault ...
  89. [89]
    The 8 September 2023 High Atlas, Morocco, Earthquake
    Jun 20, 2025 · Aftershocks occurring shortly after a mainshock typically cluster around the main fault or along nearby secondary faults. Accurate relocation of ...Missing: Marrakesh | Show results with:Marrakesh
  90. [90]
    Structural Geological Analysis of the High Atlas (Morocco)
    ... Haouz Plain. The northern border of the Central High Atlas belt is marked by a N-verging thrust, associated with strike-slip faults, that finds its ...<|separator|>
  91. [91]
    Marrakesh climate: weather by month, temperature, rain
    Marrakesh - Climate data​​ In Marrakesh, the average temperature of the coldest month (January) is of 54.5 °F, that of the warmest month (August) is of 84.6 °F. ...
  92. [92]
    Spatiotemporal Thermal Variations in Moroccan Cities - NIH
    Jul 7, 2023 · Marrakech experiences a hot semi-arid climate, and its relatively stable LST through the years could be due to the city's extensive green areas ...
  93. [93]
    Marrakesh Climate, Weather By Month, Average Temperature ...
    The month with the most wet days in Marrakesh is March, with an average of 4.5 days with at least 0.04 inches of precipitation. The drier season lasts 6.0 ...
  94. [94]
    The Surface Urban Heat Island and Key Mitigation Factors in Arid ...
    Aug 14, 2022 · The results show a maximum mean land surface temperature difference of 3.98 ◦C across the different city neighbourhoods, and bare ground had the ...
  95. [95]
    [PDF] The Surface Urban Heat Island and Key Mitigation Factors in Arid ...
    Aug 13, 2022 · The alleyways in the Medina and SYBA districts of Marrakesh are characterized by narrow streets between dense, neighbouring buildings (ground ...
  96. [96]
    [PDF] World Bank Document
    Marrakesh area. 1. Water resources management and competitive uses in the Tensift basin. The city of Marrakech is located in the basin of the river Tensift.
  97. [97]
    Groundwater Depletion in an Urban Environment under Semiarid ...
    Nov 17, 2021 · The tributaries of the Tensift account for 70% of the total contribution of water supply (620.15 million m3/year–19.67 m3/s). The higher flow ...
  98. [98]
    [PDF] Water Resources Management - Portail HAL IRD
    The DSS aims to compare spatially and temporally sectorial water demands of the Haouz-Mejjate plain (Morocco) in regard to available surface and groundwater ...
  99. [99]
    Beyond Scarcity: Social Inequality and the Politics of Water in Morocco
    Apr 10, 2025 · Between 1960 and 2023, per capita water use dropped almost five times, from 2,500 cubic meters in 1960 to less than 600 cubic meters in 2023, ...
  100. [100]
    Morocco - Water - International Trade Administration
    Jul 31, 2025 · Morocco's water per capita is currently 565 m3 a reduced from 2,560m3 in the 1960s, according to Minister of Equipment and Water Nizar Baraka.
  101. [101]
    Water Scarcity in Morocco: 2024-2028 Challenges and Solutions
    Morocco has faced a severe water scarcity crisis, with natural rainfall decreasing from 12 billion cubic meters per year to just 5 billion cubic meters in 2023.
  102. [102]
    EIB invests millions in Morocco to help end water scarcity problem
    Dec 7, 2023 · In 2022, the country experienced its worst drought in 40 years. Since the 1960s, access to water has diminished to less than 600m3 of water ...
  103. [103]
    Future water resources and droughts in the Atlas Mountains of ...
    Study Region: Morocco, North Africa. This study examines 36 mountainous basins that supply most of the country's surface water.Missing: dams aquifers
  104. [104]
    Municipal wastewater treatment in Marrakech - Waterleau
    Biological wastewater treatment. Until 2008, the sewage of Marrakech-tensift El Haouz was disposed in the river Tensift after minimal treatment, jeopardizing ...Missing: issues medina
  105. [105]
    [PDF] Water and wastewater management in Morocco: Biotechnologies ...
    The new Marrakesh wastewater treatment plant. (WWTP), which started treating wastewater in 2011. (Picture 4), is considered as the first WWTP in North Africa.
  106. [106]
    [PDF] An Investigation into Morocco's Water Crisis - Western CEDAR
    Mar 20, 2020 · Pollution of freshwater resources in Morocco can come in many forms, including “municipal wastewater discharge, industrial effluents and ...
  107. [107]
    A survey of wastewaters generated by a hospital in Marrakech city ...
    Jan 22, 2016 · ... pollution ... The releasing of untreated hospital wastewater into municipal sewer systems is of great environmental and public health concerns.
  108. [108]
    Marrakech solved the water riddle — through wastewater
    Mar 21, 2017 · As a result, the city turned to wastewater treatment and reuse for the water supply of the golf resorts. Political support, particularly from ...Missing: pollution medina
  109. [109]
    [PDF] the Intersection and Integration of Tourism Development and Water ...
    Dec 8, 2007 · Marrakech's Water Resources. The quotes included above note a serious need for conservation of Marrakech's water resources in the tourism ...
  110. [110]
    [PDF] Integrated Urban Water Management City of Marrakech
    Jul 10, 2017 · The Haouz aquifer provide water for the city and farmers. But with the demographic and economic expansion and tourism, it becomes overexploited.
  111. [111]
    The design of climate-adaptive water subsidies: financial incentives ...
    Apr 18, 2023 · Working in collaboration with RADEEMA, we piloted a new approach to conservation in Marrakech. Rather than reduce demand through higher tariffs, ...
  112. [112]
    How Misplaced Government Policies Fueled Morocco's Water Crisis?
    Mar 13, 2024 · Despite water scarcity, irrigation water remains significantly underpriced, hindering effective conservation efforts. While the value of water ...
  113. [113]
    Morocco: Marrakech City - Arrondissements - City Population
    Dec 8, 2024 · Contents: Marrakech ; 911,990 Population [2014] – census ; 1,002,697 Population [2024] – census ; 194.6km² Area ; 5,152/km² Density [2024].Missing: proper HCP
  114. [114]
    Marrakech (Prefecture, Morocco) - Population Statistics, Charts, Map ...
    Dec 9, 2024 · Marrakech [Marrakesh], Prefecture, مراكش ; Marrakech [Marrakesh]. 1,571,580 Population [2024] – Census. 2,598 km² Area. 605.0/km² Population ...
  115. [115]
    Morocco - SIHMA | Scalabrini Institute For Human Mobility In Africa
    Internal migration in Morocco has increased steadily. In 1958, 25% of the population lived in cities; by 1982, it doubled to 50%, and by 2018, it stood at 62% ...Missing: rate | Show results with:rate
  116. [116]
    [PDF] National Urban Policy Review of Morocco - OECD
    In 1975, 38.0% of the Moroccan population lived in cities, a figure that increased to. 65.2% in 2024 and is expected to reach 67.8% by. 2030. This predominance ...Missing: Marrakesh | Show results with:Marrakesh
  117. [117]
    Morocco Housing Crisis 2025: European Migration Impact
    Aug 21, 2025 · Why Morocco housing prices exploded in 2025. European retirees drive up real estate costs, pricing out locals. Expat analysis of the crisis.Missing: projection 2030<|control11|><|separator|>
  118. [118]
    What's Happening in Morocco's Real Estate Market?
    Mar 7, 2025 · Increase in Prices and Rental Rates. By 2030, an estimated 67.8% of the population will be living in cities, leading to a significant rise in ...
  119. [119]
    Morocco - The World Factbook - CIA
    Sep 17, 2025 · Economy. Economic overview · Real GDP (purchasing power parity). comparison ranking: 58 · Real GDP growth rate. comparison ranking: 110 · Real ...Country Factsheet · View Details · View 12 photos · Travel FactsMissing: history | Show results with:history
  120. [120]
    The Ethnic Groups In Morocco - World Atlas
    The Berbers are the indigenous residents of Morocco. The Arab people came in the 7th Century and conquered the country.Missing: Marrakesh | Show results with:Marrakesh
  121. [121]
    The Amazigh/Berber, Morocco's indigenous People
    The three dominant groups in Morocco are the Riffians, the Zayanes, and the Cheluh/Shilhah. Each tribe has its own unique customs and cultural practices.<|control11|><|separator|>
  122. [122]
    10 Interesting Facts about Berbers - | Desert Camp Morocco
    Did you know that of all the major cities in North Africa, Marrakech is the one with the largest Berber population and is considered more Berber than Arab? 40– ...Missing: Marrakesh | Show results with:Marrakesh
  123. [123]
    Morocco's Language Dilemma: Benmoussa Says 92% Speak Darija ...
    Dec 17, 2024 · 92% of Moroccans speak Darija (Moroccan Arabic), only 25% of the population speaks Amazigh, Morocco's second official language.
  124. [124]
    What Language Do They Speak in Marrakech: A Quick Guide
    French is spoken by approximately 33-39% of Moroccans, establishing it as a vital language for official and commercial interactions. Its use dates back to the ...
  125. [125]
    2023 Report on International Religious Freedom: Morocco
    More than 99 percent of the population is Sunni Muslim. Groups together constituting less than 1 percent of the population include Christians, Jews, Shia ...
  126. [126]
    The Role of Islam in Morocco's Culture & Society
    Jan 30, 2025 · Most Muslims in Morocco follow the Maliki school of thought, one of the four main Sunni legal schools. Rental Cars. The arrival of Islam in ...
  127. [127]
    Visiting Imam Jazuli and the 7 Saints of Marrakesh | Sacred Footsteps
    May 16, 2015 · Hidden in the Marrakesh, away from the bustle of the bazaars, lies a hidden source of spirituality: Imam Jazuli and the 7 Saints.
  128. [128]
    MARRAKECH: | Morocco | International Jewish Cemetery Project
    Present Marrakech population is over 700,000 with a current Jewish population of about 220-250 adults and older children, plus some young children.
  129. [129]
    https://en.walaw.press/country/summer_tourism/QWSP/articles/hm_king_mohammed_vi_reshapes_morocco_s_administration_with_new_appointments/GQWGWWGMSGGR
  130. [130]
    https://en.hespress.com/123600-king-mohammed-vi-appoints-new-walis-and-governors-across-morocco.html
  131. [131]
    CoR - Morocco Introduction - Sign In
    Morocco has four sub-national divisions of local and regional authorities: 12 regions; 12 prefectures and 63 provinces; 1503 Communities or municipalities.
  132. [132]
    Morocco - Participatory Local Democracy
    Regions are administered by a Wali (governor), appointed by the King, and a regional council, elected by direct universal suffrage. Provinces are governed by ...
  133. [133]
    Decentralization in Morocco: Promising Legal Reforms with ...
    Jul 31, 2019 · The principle of “advanced regionalization” was presented as a key constitutional reform in 2011 and has guided important decentralization ...
  134. [134]
    Moroccan Decentralization: Towards Community Development and ...
    Sep 16, 2021 · Morocco's commitments to decentralization through localized development, expansion of women's rights and liberation, cultural plurality, and a number of other ...
  135. [135]
    Taxation Boosts Morocco's Tourism - Amirad Tour
    Morocco has implemented an attractive fiscal framework to enhance its tourism sector, offering a reduced VAT rate of 10% for hotel services and exemptions for ...
  136. [136]
    Marrakech Travel Regulations Tourist Tax Entry Requirements
    The tax amount depends on the classification and location of the establishment and typically ranges between 15 and 30 Moroccan Dirhams (MAD) per person, per ...
  137. [137]
    Decentralisation in Morocco: a solution to the 'Arab Spring'?
    Apr 12, 2018 · The new constitution adopted in 2011 via a plebiscite promised several structural changes, and a new decentralisation reform was supposed to lay ...
  138. [138]
    https://www.visitacity.com/en/marrakech/guides/marrakesh-at-a-glance
  139. [139]
    Red City of Marrakesh - My Bibimbap Life
    May 27, 2024 · Currently ruled by King Mohammed VI ... Known as the city of luxury, Marrakesh is the fourth largest and one of four imperial cities in Morocco.
  140. [140]
    Morocco Royal Palace : A Must-See Landmark for Tourists
    Aug 19, 2025 · Built in 1864, this palace serves as the official residence of King Mohammed VI and is the most significant among Morocco's royal estates. While ...
  141. [141]
    A Message from His Royal Highness Prince Moulay Rachid
    Founded by His Majesty King Mohammed VI in July 2002, the Marrakech International Film Festival Foundation is a non-profit organization of public interest.Missing: Marrakesh | Show results with:Marrakesh
  142. [142]
    Morocco's Feudal Past: Who Was Thami El Glaoui, the “Lord of the ...
    Oct 8, 2021 · Thami El Glaoui with the help of the French was now reinstated into his role as the “Pasha of Marrakech, a sort of regional leader or director.” ...
  143. [143]
    First killings in Morocco since Gen Z protests erupted - BBC
    Oct 2, 2025 · Morocco's tourist hub, Marrakesh, was also hit by violence, with protesters burning a police station, according to local media. Interior ...
  144. [144]
    https://carnegieendowment.org/middle-east/diwan/2025/10/moroccos-genz-uprising?lang=en
  145. [145]
    Morocco: Halt use of excessive force following crackdown on youth ...
    Oct 3, 2025 · The mobilization was driven by widespread frustration over failing public services, high unemployment, corruption, and vast spending on the 2030 ...Missing: 2024 | Show results with:2024
  146. [146]
    Morocco king calls for social reforms amid youth-led protests
    Oct 10, 2025 · Morocco protest. People take part in a youth-led anticorruption protest ... youth unemployment reaching 35.8 percent and 19 percent among ...
  147. [147]
    https://carnegieendowment.org/emissary/2025/10/morocco-gen-z-212-protests-arab-spring-healthcare-education-world-cup?lang=en
  148. [148]
    Gen Z 212 Earthquake: Youth Shaking Morocco's Politics
    Oct 16, 2025 · Its core demands are concrete and build on long-standing grievances in Morocco: quality public education and healthcare, an end to corruption, ...Missing: Marrakesh | Show results with:Marrakesh
  149. [149]
    Morocco's “GenZ212” Struggles - Rosa Luxemburg Stiftung
    Oct 7, 2025 · While the demands of the GenZ212 movement focus on health, education, and corruption, their grievances also relate to development and employment ...Missing: Marrakesh | Show results with:Marrakesh
  150. [150]
    Morocco: Gen Z protests turn violent, three killed – DW – 10/02/2025
    Oct 2, 2025 · Anti-government protests over the poor state of public services in Morocco turned violent on Wednesday, with three people killed when officers ...
  151. [151]
    Morocco protest leaders demand government resignation after ...
    Oct 3, 2025 · “We demand the dismissal of the current government for failing to protect rights and meet social demands,” GenZ 212 said in a statement.
  152. [152]
    Morocco's GenZ 212 protests see violent clashes and arrests - BBC
    Oct 1, 2025 · Violent clashes have erupted between protesters and security forces in Morocco, as youth-led demonstrations continued for a fourth day.
  153. [153]
    Morocco's king urges speedy reforms to boost jobs, rural development
    Oct 10, 2025 · ... youth-led protests demanding better health, education and an end to corruption. ... Morocco king calls for social reforms amid youth-led protests.
  154. [154]
    Youth-led unrest exposes cracks in Morocco's economic model
    Oct 6, 2025 · Youth-led unrest that spread across Morocco last week revealed deep-seated anger over poverty and public services behind a storyline of ...
  155. [155]
    The Trans-Saharan Gold Trade (7th–14th Century)
    Oct 1, 2000 · From the seventh to the eleventh century, trans-Saharan trade linked the Mediterranean economies that demanded gold—and could supply salt—to the ...
  156. [156]
    Souks Of Marrakech: The Ultimate First-Time Visitor's Guide
    Rating 5.0 (116) They date back to the 11th century when merchants would enter the city through grand gates to trade goods; over time a large central market formed and then ...
  157. [157]
    Moroccan Saadi Dynasty - (AP World History: Modern) - Fiveable
    Under the Saadi Dynasty, Marrakech flourished as a cultural center, with many beautiful architectural projects like the Saadian Tombs and the El Badi Palace.
  158. [158]
    Ancient Morocco: Insights into the Moroccan Empire
    Apr 30, 2024 · The rise of European maritime trade routes bypassing North Africa posed a significant threat to Morocco's trade and economic prosperity.Missing: Marrakesh | Show results with:Marrakesh
  159. [159]
    Morocco reaches historic record with 17.4 million tourists in 2024
    Morocco has achieved an unprecedented milestone in its tourism sector by welcoming 17.4 million visitors in 2024, representing a 20% increase over the previous ...
  160. [160]
    Marrakech Sees Strong Tourism Growth with 71% Occupancy Rate ...
    Aug 27, 2025 · Marrakech recorded 5 million overnight stays in the first half of 2025, a 6% increase from the same period last year, according to Morocco's ...
  161. [161]
    With more than $11 billion in revenues, Morocco's tourism gains ...
    Feb 4, 2025 · Tourism currently accounts for around seven percent of Morocco's GDP, with some 827,000 people directly employed in the sector, say official ...
  162. [162]
    https://www.statista.com/statistics/795096/morocco-marrakech-tourism-contribution-to-gdp/
  163. [163]
    Why Marrakech is a Hidden Gem for Digital Nomads
    Sep 12, 2025 · Discover why Marrakech for digital nomads is the perfect blend of affordability, culture, community, and adventure for remote workers.
  164. [164]
    https://www.bnesim.com/all/morocco-digital-nomad-2025/
  165. [165]
    The hidden 'Little Marrakech' oasis town that most tourists don't ...
    May 8, 2025 · A McKinsey & Company 2024 report ranks Marrakech among the world's most overcrowded tourist destinations, exceeding Rome and Paris in visitor ...Missing: sustainability | Show results with:sustainability
  166. [166]
    Marrakech will be one of the leading tourist destinations in 2025
    Dec 20, 2024 · With its rich cultural heritage, expanding infrastructure and commitment to sustainability, the city is poised to lead the tourism boom in ...Missing: complaints | Show results with:complaints
  167. [167]
    Trade-offs associated with changing cropping patterns in semi-arid ...
    Jun 1, 2025 · The crops grown in the wider Al Haouz basin region include cereals such as wheat and barley (61.71 %), olives (22.58 %), forage crops, typically ...Missing: Marrakesh | Show results with:Marrakesh
  168. [168]
    Morocco: Citrus fruit, olives and date production increase
    According to a report published by the Department of Studies and Financial Forecast, production of citrus fruit in Morocco is going to increase 29%.
  169. [169]
    [PDF] Olive Value Chain Analysis in the Haouz Area
    With 60 millions olive trees, corresponding to an area of 540,800 ha (55% of orchards area, 6% of arable land area and 5.4% of world olive production), Morocco ...Missing: citrus | Show results with:citrus
  170. [170]
    Food Manufacturing Companies in Morocco | Morocco | Arabic Market
    Food Manufacturing Companies in Morocco ; Pastor S.A. · Casablanca (Morocco) ; Agro Food Industry · Marrakech (Morocco) ; Lee Chocolat · Casablanca (Morocco) ...Missing: textiles pharmaceuticals<|separator|>
  171. [171]
    Top Five Companies Producing Textile Goods in Morocco -
    Jan 31, 2022 · Vita Couture is one of the well-known garment manufacturers in Morocco in collaboration with Spain. It has been a fast fashion garment supplier since 2013.Missing: Marrakesh pharmaceuticals food
  172. [172]
    Find Pharmaceutical and Medicine Manufacturing Companies in ...
    Find info on Pharmaceutical and Medicine Manufacturing companies in Marrakech, including financial statements, sales and marketing contacts, top competitors ...
  173. [173]
    Economic growth in Morocco 2023: Five regions exceed the national ...
    Sep 3, 2025 · This region benefits from agriculture and services, which remain the pillars of its economy. ... Marrakech-Safi (6.3%). Growth is explained ...Missing: contribution | Show results with:contribution
  174. [174]
    2025 Investment Climate Statements: Morocco - State Department
    Key changes include increased allowances for business travel, imports, and study abroad, along with easier import advance payments and smoother transactions for ...Missing: Marrakesh era
  175. [175]
    Stats agency reveals informal labour accounts for two-thirds of ...
    May 31, 2023 · Two-thirds of Moroccan jobs are now in the grey economy, statistics agency said on Tuesday, giving its first public assessment of a trend that the government ...
  176. [176]
    Morocco - Gini Income Inequality Index - Maxinomics
    Morocco's Gini Income Inequality Index is 39.5 . The global median is 36.2.Missing: Marrakesh coefficient
  177. [177]
    Morocco emerges as African wealth hub despite persistent inequality
    Sep 1, 2025 · The Gini coefficient rose from 39.5 percent in 2014 to 40.5 percent in 2022, indicating widening economic gaps. The wealthiest 20 percent ...<|separator|>
  178. [178]
    Morocco's social gulf: The many faces of poverty | Qantara.de
    Dec 15, 2014 · Entire slum cities, known as "bidonvilles", run rampant through large metropolises such as Casablanca or Rabat, between the housing estates in ...
  179. [179]
    Morocco Youth Unemployment Rate - Trading Economics
    Youth Unemployment Rate in Morocco decreased to 35.80 percent in the second quarter of 2025 from 37.70 percent in the first quarter of 2025.Missing: Marrakesh | Show results with:Marrakesh
  180. [180]
    [PDF] Youth like Morocco's direction even as jobs remain ... - Afrobarometer
    Jun 23, 2025 · Unemployment among youth aged 15-24 rose from 35.9% to 37.7% in the first quarter of 2025, highlighting the continued challenges of absorbing ...
  181. [181]
    Earthquake caused 0.24% economic loss in Morocco - Atalayar
    May 12, 2024 · The earthquake will cause a 1.3% drop in the GDP of Marrakech-Safi and will affect economic activity in the province of Al-Haouz, ...
  182. [182]
    Marocco: two Years After the Earthquake: Where Do We Stand?
    Sep 8, 2025 · In response to survivors' needs, the Moroccan government promised direct aid of 30,000 dirhams per household (about €2,735) and up to 140,000 ...
  183. [183]
    Morocco - Transparency.org
    Find out more about corruption in Morocco: Latest news, Corruption Perceptions Index score & local chapter's contact information.<|separator|>
  184. [184]
    Effects of corruption on foreign direct investment - ScienceDirect.com
    Corruption may stimulate investment of corrupt MNEs. While petty corruption can be taxing on investors (sanding the wheels of commerce), it could in principle ...Missing: Marrakesh | Show results with:Marrakesh
  185. [185]
    2024 Investment Climate Statements: Morocco - State Department
    Corruption. In Transparency International's 2023 Corruption Perceptions Index , Morocco ranked 94th out of 180 countries. According to the State Department's ...
  186. [186]
    Medina of Marrakech - a complete guide | Blondie in Morocco
    Founded in 1070–72 by the Almoravids, the Medina of Marrakech is entirely walled. The ramparts, over 9 metres high, 2 metres thick and about 20 kilometres long, ...Missing: size | Show results with:size
  187. [187]
    The Medina of Marrakech | Morocco - Flying Fourchette
    Mar 7, 2021 · Think of the medina as a living historic town enclosed by over 19km of fortified walls punctuated with gates. Once you're inside, it can look ...Missing: size | Show results with:size
  188. [188]
    Jemaa el Fna Square: Vibrant center of Marrakech - Almanatour
    Apr 14, 2025 · Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity: UNESCO declared the square as such in 2001, recognizing its importance as a center of living culture.
  189. [189]
    Preservation, Revitalization and Promotion of Jemaa el-Fna Square ...
    The triangular Jemaa el-Fna Square has become the symbol of Marrakech, protected as part of Morocco's artistic heritage since 1922.
  190. [190]
    Jemaa El Fnaa | Visit The famous square in Marrakech
    With its snake charmers, traditional musicians, street performers, and exotic food stalls, it's an experience that everyone should have. Jemaa elfnaa sunset ...History · Opening Hours · Location & How to Get There · Pricing Information<|separator|>
  191. [191]
    Jemaa el-Fnaa (2025) - All You Need to Know BEFORE You Go ...
    Rating 3.6 (39,427) The square comes to life at night and is buzzing with activity! The food stalls look fascinating -- don't miss Stall # 14 for fried fish or Stall #3 for ...
  192. [192]
    Jemaa el-Fnaa Square in Marrakech: A Practical Visitor's Guide
    Jul 9, 2025 · My Recommended Food Stalls in Jemaa El-Fnaa Square ; Grilled meats – Stalls 93, 31, and Stall No. 1, run by Aisha. Aisha's stall stands out for ...Missing: activities | Show results with:activities
  193. [193]
    [PDF] The heritage tourism paradox in Jemaa el-Fna - DiVA portal
    Jun 28, 2024 · In order to preserve Medina in Marrakech, as a World Heritage Site, a project-driven approach was implemented. The new infrastructure in ...
  194. [194]
    Jemaa el Fna Square in Marrakech – Changes to a Social Space ...
    Aug 10, 2025 · This article examines the effects and the interconnection of these different global influences on Jemaa el Fna.Missing: commercialization | Show results with:commercialization
  195. [195]
    Guide to Marrakech's souks
    Different Souks in Marrakech · Souk Naal · Al Attarin Market · The Market of Qashashbia · Market of the Takmouti · Souk al Haddadin · Souk el Kemakhin · Souk Al ...
  196. [196]
    Shopping guide to the souks of Marrakech, Morocco (with map!)
    Souk Chouari is the main carpentry souk, primarily with goods made of fragrant cedar wood. Souk Haddadine is the blacksmithing souk, with craftsmen clanging ...
  197. [197]
    Everything You Need to Know About Visiting the Marrakech Souks
    Jun 22, 2022 · Check out our comprehensive guide to the bustling Marrakech souks. Includes valuable tips on what to buy, bargaining, a price list, ...
  198. [198]
    Post | Riad Dar Chacha
    Jan 14, 2024 · The history of the Souks date back to the creation of Marrakech itself in 1071. ... Moroccan craftsmen, divided into some twenty guilds.
  199. [199]
    Marrakech Souks Guide: Best Markets, Tips & Hidden Secrets
    The Marrakech Souks are a network of traditional markets in the medina, dating back to the 11th century, with a maze-like layout and a vibrant atmosphere.
  200. [200]
    Shopping in the Souks of Marrakesh, Morocco - Artisans of Leisure
    Jan 19, 2025 · Marrakesh souks Today, Marrakesh has thousands of artisans who learn their craft in centuries-old guilds that preserve traditional methods.
  201. [201]
    How to Bargain in the Moroccan Souks - Culture Insider
    In Morocco, almost everything is negotiable unless a fixed price is clearly displayed. This applies to taxis, rugs, artisanal goods, and more.
  202. [202]
    Bargaining and shopping experiences - Marrakech - Tripadvisor
    May 15, 2025 · From what I've read, prices in the souks are often inflated, and you're expected to bargain, starting at around 30–50% of the asking price.
  203. [203]
    The ultimate Trafalgar cheat sheet to bartering in souks and markets
    May 14, 2023 · From the souks of Marrakech to the markets of Cairo, our bargaining tips will help you start haggling like a pro.Be Polite And Respectful · Start Low And Be Patient · Walk Away When Necessary
  204. [204]
    Sniffing Out Fakes: From Saffron in Marrakech to Digital Certificates
    Oct 8, 2019 · But the one fake that really interested me was counterfeit saffron. If you aren't familiar with saffron, it is a vivid crimson spice created by ...
  205. [205]
    Designer goods - Marrakech Forum - Tripadvisor
    Nov 1, 2020 · In fact, there are so many counterfeits on the market that even if you buy a genuine item, a lot of people are going to assume you're wearing a fake anyway.anywere other than madena for good shopping fake bags - TripadvisorBargaining and shopping experiences - Marrakech ForumMore results from www.tripadvisor.com
  206. [206]
    Shopping in the Marrakech Souks: What to Buy + Where to Go
    Then, there's the many counterfeit items in the souks. What is this? Below are the best items to buy in the souks if you're shopping in Marrakech: Babouches.
  207. [207]
    Visiting Morocco: The fake guides in Marrakech and the leather crafts
    Apr 3, 2023 · They might try to scam you by taking you on a tour of shops or pretending to be guides. Also, be wary of fake jewelry, counterfeit antique ...
  208. [208]
    Koutoubia Mosque: Marrakech's Beacon [Feel Morocco]
    Apr 28, 2021 · Construction date: The first version of the mosque began construction in 1147 and was completed in 1157. The second started in 1154 and finished ...
  209. [209]
    Kutubiya Mosque - Discover Islamic Art - Virtual Museum
    The current, imposing Kutubiya is the second mosque of this name built by the Almohad 'Abd al-Mu'min, the first destroyed as it was wrongly oriented. The ...<|separator|>
  210. [210]
    The Legacy of Koutoubia Mosque - donknebel.com
    May 23, 2017 · The distinctive design of the minaret was copied for Almohad mosques in Seville, which later became the bell tower of the Seville Cathedral ...Missing: style | Show results with:style
  211. [211]
    8 Things to Know Before Visiting Morocco - The Girl Who Goes
    Apr 17, 2025 · Unfortunately, non-Muslims are not permitted to visit the inside of any mosques in Morocco. I was a little disappointed – I like visiting grand ...
  212. [212]
    Koutoubia Mosque - Marrakesh, Morocco - Sacred Destinations
    Construction on the Koutoubia mosque began shortly after the Almohad conquest of Marrakesh, around 1150. Built on the site of an 11th-century Almoravid mosque, ...
  213. [213]
    Koutoubia Mosque: History and Beauty - Almanatour
    Apr 14, 2025 · Built in the 12th century during the reign of the Almohad dynasty, the Koutoubia Mosque owes its name to the“kutubiyyin“, the book sellers who ...
  214. [214]
    Zawiya Sidi Bel Abbes Marrakech, Morocco - Archnet
    The Sidi Bul Abbas complex comprises a mausoleum, a mosque, and various religious and educational facilities organized around two linked courtyards.
  215. [215]
    History - El Badi Palace Marrakech
    Commissioned by Sultan Ahmad al-Mansur in 1578, the palace was built to celebrate the Sultan's victory over the Portuguese at the Battle of the Three Kings.
  216. [216]
    El Badi Palace - History and Facts
    Nov 24, 2020 · El Badi Palace was an opulent sixteenth century palace of the Saadi Dynasty destroyed by Moulay Ismail. Sarah Roller. 24 Nov 2020.
  217. [217]
    El Badi Palace History - Morocco - Memphis Tours
    16th-century El Badi Palace ruins in Marrakech: Saadian dynasty's victory monument with sunken gardens & stork nests. Open 9 am-5 pm!
  218. [218]
    Bahia Palace Marrakech – Official Historical Background and Timeline
    Built between 1866 and 1867 by Si Moussa, the Bahia palace is set over two acres in the middle of the Marrakech medina and features 150 rooms.
  219. [219]
    Bahia Palace Marrakech History - Morocco - Memphis Tours
    Explore the Bahia Palace Morocco, a 19th-century Marrakech gem. Discover its history, stunning architecture, and serene gardens in the heart of the medina.The Story Behind The Walls · How The Palace Reflects... · ConclusionMissing: Marrakesh | Show results with:Marrakesh
  220. [220]
    The Bahia Palace in Marrakesh - Barcelo.com
    It's a palatial complex, with spectacular gardens covering 8,000 square metres, built in the late 19th century in the Moroccan style. With a total of 160 rooms ...
  221. [221]
    https://privatedeserttours.com/what-is-a-riad-the-moroccan-riad/
  222. [222]
    What is a Riad in Morocco? Exploring Traditional Moroccan Houses
    Jun 17, 2024 · The courtyard is designed to look like a geometric garden with a profusion of aromatic and ornamental plants and orange or palm trees.Missing: features | Show results with:features
  223. [223]
    History of Menara Garden - Marrakech's Historical Oasis
    The iconic pavilion that overlooks the pool was added in the 16th century during the Saadian dynasty and has been refurbished several times throughout the ...Architectural And... · Marrakech · Don't Miss This Sights
  224. [224]
    Yves Saint Laurent - Pierre Bergé, A Moroccan Passion
    In 1980, Yves Saint Laurent and Pierre Bergé learned that the Jardin Majorelle, which they often visited, was threatened by a real-estate development project.
  225. [225]
    Water - Le Jardin Secret Marrakech
    The water paths highlight the way in which the water coming from the Atlas Mountains was distributed inside the palace to irrigate the gardens and serve the ...
  226. [226]
    Saadian Tombs (MEGT) Marrakesh, Morocco - Archnet
    The Saadian Tombs, in Marrakesh, Morocco, were built in the mid-sixteenth century, expanded 1591-1603, and reopened to the public in 1917. They are located in ...Missing: history | Show results with:history
  227. [227]
    The Saadian Tombs: A Glorious Monument to the Dead
    Apr 26, 2021 · It was built by Sultan Abdallah al-Ghalib to bury his father, Mohammed al-Sheikh, the founder of the dynasty. In 1591, al-Mansur had his mother, ...
  228. [228]
    Saadian Tombs Marrakech – Moorish and European styles
    The Saadian Tombs were built in the 16th century by Sultan Ahmad al-Mansur, the third ruler of the Saadian dynasty. The tombs were constructed to honor the ...History · Tickets · Entrance fee · Opening Hours
  229. [229]
    Qubba al-Barudiyyin Marrakech, Morocco - Archnet
    The Qubbat al-Barudiyin was built in 1120 as an ablution fountain and waterworks for the Almoravid congregational mosque in Marrakech.
  230. [230]
    Almoravid Koubba - Discover Islamic Art - Virtual Museum
    One of the severely damaged monuments to have survived is the Koubba (qubba - domed pavilion) which houses an ablutions basin and is connected to the 'Ali Ibn ...
  231. [231]
    Archnet > Site > Walls and gates of Marrakech
    Sep 13, 2023 · The fortifications of Marrakech were first constructed in 1126 and 1127 by Almoravid leader 'Ali bin Yusuf (reg. 1107-1142).
  232. [232]
    Bab Agnaou - Atlas Obscura
    May 24, 2021 · The building of Bab Agnaou is attributed to the Almohad caliph Abu Yusuf Ya'qub al-Mansur and it was completed between 1188 and 1190.
  233. [233]
    Bab Agnaou, Marrakech - GPSmyCity
    When the old city of Marrakech was founded under the Almohad dynasty, it was surrounded by protective walls with a total of 19 huge gates in it guarding ...Missing: length | Show results with:length
  234. [234]
    Within the Walls of Imperial Cities - ARCHAEOTRAVEL.eu
    Marrakech's most impressive gate constructed in 1185 by the Almohads is Bab Agnaou (Casely-Hayford 2010-2012; Jacobs 2019). It leads to the later built Kasbah ...
  235. [235]
    Historic Monuments in Marrakech Undergo Post-Earthquake ...
    Sep 8, 2025 · Marrakesh has launched a large-scale program to restore historic monuments damaged in the 2023 Al Haouz earthquake, with work carried out ...
  236. [236]
    Jewish Mellah of Marrakech | History & Visit of Ancient Jewish District
    Nov 22, 2018 · The Jewish Mellah of Marrakech is a walled area for Jewish residents, created in 1558, and is one of the largest in Morocco.
  237. [237]
    The Mellah | Visit Marrakech Morocco - BAHJA SPIRIT
    The Marrakech mellah was built in 1558, under the reign of the Saadian sovereign Moulay Abdallah with two entrance doors.
  238. [238]
    Your audio guide of Marrakesh: Mellah - SmartGuide
    Rating 4.8 (1,093) At its peak in the 1500s, the Mellah in Marrakech included bakers, jewelers, tailors, sugar traders, artisans, craft people, outdoor markets, fountains, and ...
  239. [239]
    Lazama Synagogue | Marrakesh, Morocco | Attractions - Lonely Planet
    It was originally built in 1492 by Jews expelled from Spain, but its blue-and-white interior is a much later iteration.
  240. [240]
    Visiting the Jewish Quarter of Marrakesh - Rusty Travel Trunk
    Unofficial figures state that there are less than 3,000 Jewish people left in Morocco today, less than 100 in Marrakesh.
  241. [241]
    Slat Al Azama Synagogue (2025) - All You Need to Know BEFORE ...
    Rating 4.3 (88) Lazama Synagogue is the oldest synagogue in Marrakesh and a key icon of the dwindling Jewish community in the city. Interior is surprisingly well preserved.
  242. [242]
    A Guide to Jewish Heritage in Morocco
    Today's population of Moroccan Jews is considered to number around 10,000 at the most. This mass immigration by Jews from Morocco was part initiated by the ...
  243. [243]
    The Jews of Morocco. A Journey Through a Community Become ...
    In 1948, 260,000 Jews lived in Morocco, but by 1967, 200,000 left, and by the 1970s/80s, 50,000 more, with only 3,000 remaining.
  244. [244]
    Tourist information about the Marrakesh Jewish community
    Marrakesh currently has 200 Jews, most of them in the new city, and ten families in the old Jewish neighborhood. Read More ...Missing: population | Show results with:population
  245. [245]
    Islamic Call to Prayer in Morocco - Called Adhan or Azan
    Nov 17, 2020 · The Islamic Call to prayer in Morocco called in Arabic Adhan / Azan أذان, is a special out loud call you will hear five times a day wherever there is a mosque ...
  246. [246]
    Life and Language in Morocco: Reminders of Religious Identity
    Dec 18, 2019 · The call to prayer, too, is another example of how religion plays a role in daily life here. Five times a day, all of the mosques recite the ...Missing: Marrakesh | Show results with:Marrakesh
  247. [247]
    Educator of the Faithful: The Power of Moroccan Islam
    Jan 27, 2020 · Salafism has spread in the Arabic-speaking world by claiming it is the antidote to modern heterodoxy and religious oppression, and this may be ...
  248. [248]
    5 REASONS WHY YOU SHOULD VISIT MARRAKECH DURING ...
    Feb 12, 2025 · Ramadan this year is due to run February 28th to March 30th but might start a day before or after in Morocco depending on the moon cycle. The ...
  249. [249]
    Visiting Marrakech During Ramadan: What Changes for Tourists
    Feb 18, 2025 · During daylight hours, the streets are noticeably quieter, as many locals observe fasting and limit their activities.
  250. [250]
    What to Wear When Visiting Morocco: A Guide for Comfort and Culture
    Feb 3, 2025 · Wear modest, loose-fitting clothing covering shoulders and knees, like long dresses or skirts, trousers and tunics. Avoid revealing clothes. At ...
  251. [251]
    Tips on What to Wear in Morocco for All Situations! - MarocMama
    There is no dress code in Morocco. You are not required to dress in one way or another. People that live in Morocco dress in a wide variety of ways.
  252. [252]
    When the Seven Saints of Marrakech Come Marching Home
    Jul 4, 2019 · Tuesday is the day of the week that one must be to make a pilgrimage to The Seven Saint. Given each saint corresponds with answering a different prayer.
  253. [253]
    8 Sacred Sites in Morocco, Hidden Secrets of Sufi Zaouia's ...
    Jun 5, 2019 · The Sufi Brotherhoods are a mystical community and lay claim to an important part of the country's past and present spiritual and religious ...Morocco's Sacred Spiritual... · 6. Moulay Idriss Zerhoun... · 7. Zaouia Moulay Idriss, Fes
  254. [254]
    The Quiet Sufi Behind Morocco's Push For Moderate Islam
    Mar 16, 2020 · Following the Maliki School of Islamic thought, Moroccan Islam has relied heavily on Sufism to unite Moroccans and further the country's ...Missing: Marrakesh | Show results with:Marrakesh
  255. [255]
    How Do Moroccan “Quietist” Salafis Think? – MIPA Institute
    May 10, 2019 · This study attempts to shed light on Moroccan Salafis' perception of themselves and their Social and Political Environment.<|separator|>
  256. [256]
    Made in Morocco: Inside the workshops of 3 traditional artisans
    Zellige from Fez, finished in Marrakech. Zellige, the mosaic art of individually hand-chiseled tiles, is famous worldwide for its connection to the city of Fez.Missing: Marrakesh zellij
  257. [257]
    Traditional Moroccan Crafts in Marrakech: Best Handmade Goods ...
    1. Handwoven Moroccan Carpets & Rugs · 2. Leather Goods: Babouches, Bags & Poufs · 3. Zellige & Moroccan Ceramics · 4. Brass & Metal Lanterns · 5. Moroccan Textiles ...Missing: zellij | Show results with:zellij
  258. [258]
    Morocco's Living Crafts: Traditional Artisans Keeping History Alive
    The challenge: Tourist demand has sometimes led to quality compromises, mass production techniques, and imports misrepresented as local craftsmanship. For ...Missing: Marrakesh | Show results with:Marrakesh
  259. [259]
    How tourism keeps the artisans of Marrakesh afloat | The National
    Jan 18, 2024 · While in many countries, high-quality, hand-crafted creations are increasingly threatened by mass-produced alternatives from factories in China ...Missing: guilds | Show results with:guilds
  260. [260]
    Gnawa - UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage
    Gnawa is first and foremost a Sufi brotherhood music combined with lyrics with a generally religious content, invoking ancestors and spirits.Missing: Marrakesh | Show results with:Marrakesh
  261. [261]
    UNESCO Lists Moroccan Gnawa as Intangible Cultural Heritage of ...
    Dec 13, 2019 · The UNESCO added the Moroccan centuries-old music after Morocco submitted a file nominating Gnawa to the ICH Service in september 2018. Gnawa ...Missing: Marrakesh | Show results with:Marrakesh
  262. [262]
    Where to attend a gnawa music performance - Chic Morocco
    The gnawa genre is one of the hallmarks of Moroccan folklore. In fact, it has been declared Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity by UNESCO.<|separator|>
  263. [263]
    Spotlight on Jemaa el-Fna, the heart of Marrakech - Contiki
    Oct 10, 2018 · Named as the heart of the city's medina, Jemaa el-Fna square is situated in the old city and has been used as a street theatre or hoopla since ...Missing: performing Marrakesh
  264. [264]
    The Landscape for street and circus arts in Morocco - Artcena
    Jun 25, 2021 · Since early 2006 Khalid Tamer1 and Alwaln'art have been working to create links between the acrobats of Jemaa el-Fna Square in Marrakesh and ...Missing: theatre | Show results with:theatre
  265. [265]
    Street Performers - Djemaa El Fna - Marrakech Forum - Tripadvisor
    Jun 10, 2013 · They do this with charm and street theatre, especially in Djemma al Fna. Expect to pay a tip to the boy acrobats, gnouan dancers and boy ...Missing: Marrakesh | Show results with:Marrakesh
  266. [266]
    Contemporary art in Marrakesh | Art Basel
    Feb 9, 2023 · On the other hand, contemporary art galleries such as Comptoir des Mines Galerie, Galerie 127, Gallery SINIYA28, or the recently founded MCC ...
  267. [267]
    The 7 Must-See Art Galleries of Marrakech - Visit Marrakech
    In the heart of Guéliz, the David Bloch Gallery showcases urban art, geometric abstraction, and street art. It is a dynamic space where Moroccan and ...Missing: Marrakesh | Show results with:Marrakesh
  268. [268]
    Comptoir des Mines Galerie Marrakesh (2025) - Airial Travel
    A free Art Deco gallery in Gueliz showcasing vibrant contemporary Moroccan art with passionate staff.<|separator|>
  269. [269]
    Must visit Marrakech contemporary art galleries and museums
    The building is located in a hidden corner of Gueliz. The museum is open to different kinds of arts, not only to traditional, oriental and modern paintings.
  270. [270]
    Top 10 foods to try in Morocco | Good Food
    Jan 25, 2023 · Try our Moroccan meatball tagine with lemon & olives. 6. Couscous. Moroccan mushroom tagine on a bed of couscous with green beans. 'Seksu' or ...
  271. [271]
    Moroccan Cuisine 101: What to Eat and Where to Try It
    Named after the earthenware pot it's cooked, tagine is the epitome of Moroccan cuisine. This slow-cooked dish combines tender meats, vegetables, and spices, ...The Soul Of Moroccan Cuisine · Tagine: The Quintessential... · Couscous: A Weekly Tradition<|separator|>
  272. [272]
    A Guide to Couscous, Morocco's National Dish - G Adventures
    Oct 10, 2024 · Tagine is a stew of tender meat and vegetables in a blend of spices, sometimes with the addition of olives and dried fruit, and it's always ...
  273. [273]
    Authentic Moroccan Food: 5 Must-Try Moroccan dishes in Marrakech
    Oct 22, 2024 · Traditionally served on Fridays, a holy day in Islam, couscous is a staple of Moroccan cuisine and a dish of immense cultural significance.2. Harira: Morocco's... · 3. Tagine: The Iconic... · 4. Couscous: The Friday...
  274. [274]
    HALAL Certification in Morocco | Best HALAL consultants - Factocert
    Halal certification in Morocco emphasizes food safety, cleanliness, and hygiene. It requires ritualistic slaughter, a halal audit, and a healthy, alive animal. ...
  275. [275]
    Evaluation of Food Safety Practices and Microbiological Quality of ...
    Jun 12, 2025 · This study investigates food safety practices and evaluates the microbiological quality of street foods marketed in Marrakech, Morocco.
  276. [276]
    (PDF) Nutrition transition in Morocco - ResearchGate
    Aug 9, 2025 · A transition from a traditional local diet to an "industrialized" diet often rich in fat, salt, and sugar combined with low nutritional density.Missing: cuisine | Show results with:cuisine
  277. [277]
    https://www.marrakeche.com/complete-guide-to-moroccan-tea-ceremony/
  278. [278]
    Haggling in Morocco: How does it work? - aWanderFoodWorld
    Sep 22, 2025 · Haggling is part of many cultures and is a daily ritual with the locals. The opening price is therefore always much higher than what they ...Missing: traditions | Show results with:traditions
  279. [279]
    Haggling in Marrakech Souks – How to Bargain Like a Local
    When a vendor offers you tea, accept. It's not a trick; it's tradition. Tea means time, conversation, and trust. In that moment, you're not just a customer—you ...Missing: daily | Show results with:daily
  280. [280]
    https://private-tours-marrakech.com/marrakech-traditions-and-moroccan-culture/
  281. [281]
    Festivals in Marrakech - Frommers
    For 10 days each February, the Dakka Marrakchia Festival brings together the craftsmen/performers from seven of Marrakech's districts for nightly performances.
  282. [282]
    Annual Events in Marrakesh You Shouldn't Miss | Viva Wellness Drip
    Feb 23, 2025 · Every July, the vibrant Marrakech Popular Arts Festival takes place. It features traditional music and dance performances from across Morocco.
  283. [283]
    Morocco sets Mawlid holiday for September 5, 2025
    Aug 23, 2025 · As a result, the Mawlid al-Nabawi, marking the birth of the Prophet Muhammad, will be celebrated on Friday, September 5, corresponding to the ...Missing: Marrakesh | Show results with:Marrakesh
  284. [284]
    https://www.moroccoworldnews.com/2025/09/258101/eid-al-mawlid-annabawi-celebrating-the-birth-of-prophet-muhammad
  285. [285]
    Celebrating New Year's Eve in Marrakech - Grumpy Camel
    Back in Djemaa el Fna you could hardly tell it was New Year's Eve. It was business as usual in the heart of Marrakech. A strong smell of incense filled up the ...
  286. [286]
    Fantasia - Travel Exploration Morocco
    Fantasia also referred to as the Ain Aouda, Mock Horse-Back Battle, is an annual equestrian performance and celebration of traditional folklore that takes place ...
  287. [287]
    Moroccan Hospitality: An Ancestral Tradition - Villa Atika Marrakech
    Apr 2, 2024 · Introduction · Cultural heritage. Moroccan hospitality is deeply rooted in a cultural fabric that blends Berber, Arab and African traditions.Introduction · Origins And Traditions Of... · Customs And Rituals Of...
  288. [288]
    Morocco Culture and Customs » All you need to know 2025
    Moroccans place a significant emphasis on hospitality, extending warm welcomes to their guests. Family holds a central role in Moroccan society, fostering ...Morocco Culture · Morocco Traditional Attire · Morocco Marriage TraditionsMissing: Marrakesh | Show results with:Marrakesh
  289. [289]
    Cultural Customs and Must-Try Traditions of Marrakesh - Escape Artist
    Oct 29, 2016 · We've put together some of the common and lesser known customs and must-try traditions to make your stay in this desert oasis the experience of a lifetime.Missing: social | Show results with:social
  290. [290]
    Customs and etiquette in Morocco - Rough Guides
    On the whole, Moroccans are tolerant and extremely hospitable. Though most people are religious, they are generally easy-going.
  291. [291]
    Morocco: Women's rights in Morocco - Friedrich-Naumann-Stiftung
    Apr 9, 2024 · Morocco is reforming its family law, the so-called Moudawana. This 400-article piece of legislation regulates the basic civil status of women in society.
  292. [292]
    [PDF] MOROCCO: GENDER ISSUES BRIEFING NOTE
    Social norms in Morocco remain conservative and patriarchal and continue to position women as inferior to men, particularly in rural areas26. Evidence suggests ...Missing: Marrakesh | Show results with:Marrakesh
  293. [293]
    How is Morocco Navigating Backlash to Family Law Reform?
    Jul 11, 2024 · But it has already sparked a backlash, reflecting Moroccan society's split between progressive ideals and entrenched patriarchal norms.
  294. [294]
    [PDF] Gender inequality in the labor market: the case of Morocco
    The issue of gender disparities in the labor market persists as a serious challenge, resulting in lower participation rates for women at 47.4% compared to men ...
  295. [295]
    What Morocco's Family Law Reform Process Shows About ...
    Jul 28, 2025 · These reforms would advance gender parity in ways unimaginable in 2004. The custody change allowing women to remarry without fear of losing ...
  296. [296]
    Labor force, female (% of total labor force) - Morocco | Data
    2023, 2022, 2021, 2020, 2019, 2018 ... Labor force participation rate, total (% of total population ages 15+) (national estimate) · Labor force participation rate ...
  297. [297]
    Moroccan Women Must Break the Chains of Patriarchy
    Jun 7, 2020 · Women in Morocco have suffered from the injustices of patriarchy and misrepresentation in the media.
  298. [298]
    Islamic veil: Why fewer women in North Africa are wearing it - BBC
    Jul 19, 2022 · Young Moroccan women have spoken to local media about the social pressure, even harassment, they have to endure when they take off the hijab.
  299. [299]
    https://journeybeyondtravel.com/morocco/culture-etiquette
  300. [300]
    Publication: Ten Years After Morocco's Family Code Reforms
    In 2004, the Government of Morocco (GoM) made major amendments to its family code, known as the Moudawana, which covers personal status issues.
  301. [301]
    Reforming the Moudawana: The Fight for Women's Rights in Morocco
    Aug 29, 2024 · Morocco's first family code was written in 1956, as the ... patriarchal structure of families while affording women limited social rights.Missing: Marrakesh | Show results with:Marrakesh
  302. [302]
    Multidimensional Poverty Drops in Morocco, But Rural Inequalities ...
    May 22, 2025 · The rate of people living in multidimensional poverty fell from 11.9% in 2014 to 6.8% in 2024. This means the number of poor people dropped from about 4 ...Missing: Marrakesh | Show results with:Marrakesh
  303. [303]
    Morocco halves multidimensional poverty rate over decade, rural ...
    May 22, 2025 · The rural poverty rate dropped from 23.6% to 13.1% over the same period, but remained more than four times higher than the urban rate, which ...Missing: Marrakesh | Show results with:Marrakesh
  304. [304]
    The inefficiency of Villes Sans Bidonvilles Program and the new ...
    The thesis focuses on the current condition of Marrakech's slums (Douars), seen as dangerous and unhealthy places separated from the city both physically and ...Missing: Marrakesh | Show results with:Marrakesh
  305. [305]
    In Marrakech, Morocco's Gen Z calls for a 'new social contract'
    Oct 13, 2025 · According to the latest figures from Morocco's Higher Planning Commission, the Marrakech-Safi region has an unemployment rate of 17.5%, nearly ...
  306. [306]
    Morocco's Unemployment Rate Drops Slightly to 12.8%
    Aug 4, 2025 · Morocco's national unemployment rate fell to 12.8% in the second quarter of 2025, down from 13.1% during the same period last year.Missing: Marrakesh | Show results with:Marrakesh
  307. [307]
    Morocco's king urges speedy reforms to boost jobs, rural development
    Oct 11, 2025 · While the level of poverty has dropped in Morocco from 11.9% in 2014 to 6.8% in 2024, mountainous and oases areas show above-average poverty ...Missing: Marrakesh | Show results with:Marrakesh
  308. [308]
    CNDH President Bouayach: Informal Labor Remains Prevalent in ...
    Feb 19, 2024 · As of 2022, over 70% of Morocco's labor market operates in the informal economy, the highest in the region, according to data from the World ...Missing: percentage Marrakesh
  309. [309]
    Disastrous capitalism in Morocco in wake of earthquake
    Oct 5, 2023 · On 8 September 2023, a devastating earthquake hit Morocco killing over 3,000 people and injuring thousands more.
  310. [310]
    Understanding the disproportionate impacts of the Morocco ...
    Sep 12, 2023 · The powerful earthquake in Morocco has killed over 2,800 people – a number authorities say is expected to rise – and injured 2,500 more.Missing: riads | Show results with:riads
  311. [311]
    Marrakech, world wealthiest' banquet hall, receives main makers of ...
    Aug 27, 2023 · In addition, employment opportunities created by tourism are not just few but also seasonal and precarious, with mostly meagre wages. The ...
  312. [312]
    Is Marrakech Safe? Best Marrakech Safety Tips 2024
    In terms of violent crime statistics, Morocco has a homicide rate of 1.65 and has a reported 48.71 robberies per 100k people. What is this? Report Ad. To put ...
  313. [313]
    Is Morocco Safe? 18 Useful Things To Know Before You Go In 2025
    Mar 16, 2025 · Crime in Morocco is mostly petty crime such as scams and pickpockets. It's very unlikely that you'll be assaulted or hurt as a tourist.
  314. [314]
    Is Marrakech Safe for Travel RIGHT NOW? (2025 Safety Rating)
    Jun 11, 2025 · PICKPOCKETS RISK: MEDIUM. Petty crime is common, and even older people are known to be pickpockets and bag snatchers. Tourists should be careful ...
  315. [315]
    Morocco | Largely safe environment in Marrakesh
    May 15, 2024 · Pickpocketing, and bag and phone snatching are fairly common. This is especially in busy tourist areas such as in the Medina and the main market ...
  316. [316]
    Ranks Morocco 8th Most Dangerous Place for Solo Female Travelers
    Aug 1, 2019 · A government-sponsored survey shows that 12.4% of Moroccan women faced sexual assaults in public spaces in the past twelve months. In addition ...<|separator|>
  317. [317]
    Morocco criminalises violence against women and sexual harassment
    Sep 12, 2018 · According to AFP news agency, about 1,600 cases of rape were heard by Moroccan courts last year, twice as many as previous years. Related ...Missing: rates | Show results with:rates
  318. [318]
    Is Morocco Safe? An Intel Analyst's Guide To the Country
    Marrakech is considered safe for travelers, and normal travel precautions can be taken. There is the typical risk of petty crime and scams. Is Casablanca safe?
  319. [319]
    (PDF) 3. Sharia and national law in Morocco - ResearchGate
    ... Criminal law. In Moroccan criminal law, norms that are directly derived from classical. sharia play a limited role. There is no mention of corporal punishments.Missing: Marrakesh | Show results with:Marrakesh
  320. [320]
    Criminal Law Morocco - Law Gratis
    Mar 21, 2025 · Penalties for murder may include life imprisonment or a death sentence (although Morocco has a de facto moratorium on the death penalty).Missing: Marrakesh | Show results with:Marrakesh
  321. [321]
    Over 2000 dead as powerful earthquake hits Morocco near Marrakesh
    Sep 8, 2023 · A magnitude 6.8 earthquake has hit Morocco killing at least 2,012 people, injuring more than 2,059, damaging ancient buildings, and sending ...Missing: presence | Show results with:presence
  322. [322]
    Is Morocco Safe for Tourists in 2025? The Honest & Anti-Scam Guide
    Sep 28, 2025 · * **Crime rate**: Minor crimes, such as pickpocketing, occur mainly in busy tourist areas, while serious assaults are rare. * **Tourist zones ...
  323. [323]
    Morocco: RSF condemns circumvention of press law to silence ...
    Oct 14, 2024 · Morocco ranks 129th out of 180 countries in RSF's 2024 World Press Freedom Index. MIDDLE EAST - NORTH AFRICA. Morocco / Western Sahara.
  324. [324]
    Morocco: Journalists Taoufik Bouachrine, Omar Radi and ... - RSF
    Jul 30, 2024 · Journalists Taoufik Bouachrine, Omar Radi and Soulaimane Raissouni were pardoned and released from prison on 29 July.
  325. [325]
    Morocco pardons 3 journalists held for years - VOA
    Jul 29, 2024 · The country's top court rejected in July 2023 the final appeals of two journalists. Morocco ranked 129th out of 180 countries on RSF's 2024 ...
  326. [326]
    Moroccan advocacy groups criticize continued anti-LGBTQ crackdown
    Dec 11, 2023 · Consensual same-sex sexual relations remain criminalized in Morocco. Those who are convicted of homosexuality face up to three years in prison ...
  327. [327]
    Our history is here - Africa Is a Country
    Feb 10, 2022 · In Morocco, same-sex relations are criminalized under Article 489 of the penal code and punishable by up to three years in prison.<|separator|>
  328. [328]
    Morocco: Homosexuality Convictions Upheld - Human Rights Watch
    Jul 8, 2014 · Article 489 of ... Criminalizing consensual, adult homosexual conduct violates fundamental human rights protected under international law.Missing: LGBTQ | Show results with:LGBTQ
  329. [329]
    Morocco's inheritance laws are hurting women and must be reformed
    Apr 24, 2018 · Morocco's inheritance laws date back hundreds of years. They state that women should inherit half as much as men, and were written when only men headed ...
  330. [330]
    The Burden of Unequal Inheritance Laws on Moroccan Women
    Jan 15, 2019 · Moroccan law stipulates that after the death of a parent, daughters of the deceased inherit half of what their male relatives receive.Missing: inequality | Show results with:inequality
  331. [331]
    Morocco: Protests Met with Repression, Violence
    Oct 15, 2025 · On October 2, violent clashes broke out in Marrakesh between police and protesters, who reportedly damaged three bank branches. The authorities ...
  332. [332]
    Human rights in Morocco and Western Sahara - Amnesty International
    Morocco's laws and practices continued to uphold gender inequality and criminalize same-sex sexual relations between consenting adults.Freedom Of Expression · Repression Of Dissent · Refugees' And Migrants'...
  333. [333]
    World Report 2025: Morocco and Western Sahara
    He said OHCHR “continued to receive allegations relating to human rights violations, including intimidation, surveillance and discrimination against Sahrawi ...Freedom of Speech · Penal Code · Women's and Girl's Rights
  334. [334]
    Why Gen Z protests are shaking Morocco and how the government ...
    Oct 4, 2025 · Like other nations swept by Gen Z protests, Morocco is experiencing a youth bulge, with more than half of the population under 35. Yet as the ...Missing: Marrakesh 2020s
  335. [335]
    Shortages, sanitation issues and corruption: Morocco's public ...
    Oct 10, 2025 · The state of Morocco's public hospitals – which are rife with shortages of medical supplies, corruption and absenteeism – has become a symbol ...
  336. [336]
    Young Moroccans clash with police while protesting stadium ...
    Sep 29, 2025 · Youth-led demonstrators clashed with police and blocked the highway over the weekend in some of Morocco's largest anti-government protests ...
  337. [337]
    Morocco: How GenZ 212 turned Discord into the 'backbone' of its ...
    Oct 8, 2025 · The gaming platform has allowed young activists to build a fluid, democratic movement defying the government over collapsing public services.
  338. [338]
    Morocco's Youth Protests and the Limits of its Governance Formula
    Oct 12, 2025 · On September 27, thousands of young Moroccans took to the streets to denounce years of poor governance and misplaced spending priorities. The ...Missing: Marrakesh 2020s
  339. [339]
    From Morocco to Madagascar, Gen Z is taking digital dissent offline
    Oct 4, 2025 · What began as a protest against a government social media ban quickly morphed into a broader revolt against corruption and economic stagnation.Missing: Marrakesh | Show results with:Marrakesh
  340. [340]
    'Gen-Z' Protests and Digital Activism in Africa - MP-IDSA
    Oct 17, 2025 · Morocco Protests. In late September 2025, Moroccan youth called for protests on social media using the #GenZ212 hashtag (212 is Morocco's ...<|control11|><|separator|>
  341. [341]
    Anti-government protests in Morocco turn deadly, with 2 killed ... - NPR
    Oct 2, 2025 · A boy is detained as youth led protests calling for healthcare and education reforms turned violent, in Sale, Morocco, on Wednesday ...
  342. [342]
    https://www.middleeasteye.net/news/moroccos-15bn-promise-falls-short-genz-212-demands-real-change
  343. [343]
    https://www.france24.com/en/middle-east/20251019-morocco-social-reforms-protests-government
  344. [344]
    Madrasa Ben Youssef History in Marrakech. A Journey Through ...
    The medersa was erected by Sultan Abdullah Al-Ghaleb Assaadi between the years 1564 and 1565 and remained for four centuries a bastion for scholars, a goal and ...Missing: Mosque | Show results with:Mosque
  345. [345]
    Ben Youssef Madrasa - History and Facts
    Apr 16, 2021 · Ben Youssef Madrasa is a Quranic learning centre in Marrakech, Morocco. It was once one of the biggest and most splendid education centres in North Africa.Missing: Marrakesh | Show results with:Marrakesh
  346. [346]
    The Magnificent Ben Youssef Madrasa - Marrakech Tour Designer
    The madrasa is named after the adjacent Ben Youssef Mosque, which was originally the main mosque of the city, founded by the Almoravid Sultan Ali ibn Yusuf ( ...
  347. [347]
    Restoration & Rehabilitation - Médersa Ben Youssef
    The Ministry of Habous and Islamic Affairs undertook the restoration of the Madrasa Ben Youssefin Marrakech, following King Mohammed VI's directives.
  348. [348]
    Morocco's ancient madrasas: Oases of calm amid the chaos - CNN
    Jan 9, 2017 · Madrasas were key institutions of higher education in Morocco for hundreds of years, after proliferating in Arab countries from the 12th century ...
  349. [349]
    Madrasas as Universal Centers of Education and Culture - UNESCO
    They provided higher religious and secular education, while elementary education was provided by the “maktabs”.
  350. [350]
    Welcome to the Cadi Ayyad University Portal
    Our Institutions​​ Cadi Ayyad University has 15 university institutions, including 9 located in Marrakech, 3 institutions in Safi, one EST in Essaouira, and 2 ...
  351. [351]
    Cadi Ayyad University : Rankings, Fees & Courses Details
    Over 100,000 students are reportedly enrolled at the university, with nearly half of them studying in Marrakesh. More information about the university can be ...
  352. [352]
    American School of Marrakech
    Welcome to the American School of Marrakesh! ASM provides a safe and engaging learning environment. Our goal is to create a vibrant learning community and to ...
  353. [353]
    BIAM - British Education: British International Academy Marrakech
    At British International Academy Marrakech we foster confident, creative, and globally-minded individuals. Discover engaging, experiential British education ...
  354. [354]
    List of international schools in Marrakesh - Teacher Horizons
    The American School of Marrakesh. Marrakesh, Morocco, Africa. Profile strength 77%. International, American; Accredited. Endorsed. school logo. Previous.
  355. [355]
    Study finds Morocco's literacy below global average, ranking among ...
    Mar 28, 2025 · Morocco's literacy rate is 75.93%, below the global average of over 86%, and it ranks among the 50 countries with the lowest rates.Missing: Marrakesh | Show results with:Marrakesh
  356. [356]
    Morocco's Illiteracy Rate Stands at 24.8% in 2024
    Dec 23, 2024 · The illiteracy rate in Morocco has decreased from 32.2% in 2014 to 24.8% in 2024. The decline is particularly noticeable in rural areas.Missing: Marrakesh | Show results with:Marrakesh
  357. [357]
    Morocco's Experience with Gender Gap Reduction in Education
    According to the High Commissioner for Planning (HCP), the illiteracy rate in Morocco in 2017 was 36.5% (females 47.6% and males 25.3%). Women are more affected ...
  358. [358]
    https://www.statista.com/topics/7523/education-in-morocco/
  359. [359]
    Morocco's Youth Say Enough to Broken System, Plan Nationwide ...
    Sep 17, 2025 · In education, 45% of classrooms are overcrowded, while rural areas face a 30% dropout rate. Many schools lack qualified teachers, operate with ...Missing: Marrakesh | Show results with:Marrakesh
  360. [360]
    [PDF] Unfulfilled Promises of Morocco's Vision 2015–2030 - ERIC
    Jul 7, 2025 · This shortage leads to overcrowded classrooms and the hiring of contract teachers who often receive limited training. Teachers rarely receive ...Missing: Marrakesh | Show results with:Marrakesh
  361. [361]
    Morocco: Report highlights inequities caused by increased ...
    Jan 31, 2020 · Public schools plagued by underfunding and poor quality​​ The measures resulted in major teacher shortages, combined classes and overcrowded ...Missing: Marrakesh | Show results with:Marrakesh
  362. [362]
    Morocco Suspends Classes In Earthquake-Affected Regions ...
    Sep 10, 2023 · Furthermore, a staggering total of 530 educational institutions and 55 internal facilities have been damaged to different extents, including ...
  363. [363]
    'We need to start again': Morocco's earthquake puts girls' education ...
    Sep 16, 2023 · Charity that runs boarding houses to help girls in remote Atlas mountains get to school scrambles to find out what facilities remain.
  364. [364]
    Tourism: Vocational training, a lever for business competitiveness ...
    Vocational training, especially in the tourism sector, is a lever for business competitiveness and social mobility, indicated on Wednesday in Rabat.Missing: gaps Marrakesh
  365. [365]
    [PDF] Vocational education and training in Morocco and its relevance to ...
    Vocational training in Morocco has a dual mission: (i) to meet companies' needs for skills in order to improve their performance and their competitiveness; (ii) ...Missing: Marrakesh | Show results with:Marrakesh
  366. [366]
    Bridging Morocco's Employment Gap – OpEd - Eurasia Review
    Jul 12, 2024 · AEI proposes launching accelerated training programs that incorporate both soft and technical skills, tailored to high-demand sectors such as ...
  367. [367]
    National Workshop on Mobility, Skills, and Social Protection in the ...
    Oct 16, 2025 · This visit provided an opportunity to illustrate the quality of Moroccan vocational training, highlighting the curricula and training ...Missing: gaps Marrakesh
  368. [368]
    Visiting Chu Ibn Tofail in Marrakesh, Morocco - Audiala
    Jun 15, 2025 · Hospital Services and Facilities · Emergency medicine (24/7) · General and specialized surgery (notably maxillofacial and plastic surgery) ...
  369. [369]
    Corporate partnerships in Morocco - Fondation Lalla Salma
    The Mohamed VI university hospital of Marrakesh is a public institution. The CHU Mohamed VI includes three healthcare centers: Ibn Nafis hospital (inaugurated ...Missing: facilities | Show results with:facilities
  370. [370]
    HEALTHCARE SCENARIO IN MOROCCO | Hospaccx
    May 7, 2024 · Ibn Tofail University Hospital – 1000 beds · University Hospital Center Ibn Rochd, Casablanca – 37 beds · Moulay Youssef Hospital – 250 beds.
  371. [371]
    Home - Plaza Marrakech Clinic
    Located in Gueliz, in the center of Marrakech, the PLAZA clinic is a multidisciplinary clinic built in accordance with the strictest hospital standards.
  372. [372]
    About Us - - Clinique Averroès Marrakech -
    Averroès Clinic is a multidisciplinary clinic located in the center of Guéliz in Marrakech. ... Clinic does everything possible for the well-being and health ...
  373. [373]
    clinic in Marrakech - polyclinic Narcisses
    N1 clinic in Marrakech is polyclinic Narcisses medico-surgical entity located in the center of Gueliz, which offered for more than 30 years comprehensive ...
  374. [374]
    https://deriak.store/en/blogs/blog-sante/guide-to-amo-moroccos-mandatory-health-insurance
  375. [375]
    Healthcare Resource Guide - Morocco
    The healthcare system is comprised of AMO (Mandatory Health Insurance) ... The Moroccan government's plan to build four more CHUs in the upcoming years.
  376. [376]
    Moroccan Hammam – Ritual, Benefits & Complete Guide
    Aug 8, 2025 · Discover the Moroccan Hammam: a centuries-old ritual of steam, black soap & clay for wellness, beauty & culture.
  377. [377]
    Exploring the relationships of Metabolic Syndrome with ...
    In Morocco, NCDs are responsible for 84 % of deaths, with cardiovascular diseases (38 %), cancers (14 %), diabetes (6 %), and chronic respiratory diseases (4 %) ...
  378. [378]
    Impact of sociodemographic factors, sleep, physical activity, and ...
    Jan 15, 2025 · High rates of central obesity among schoolchildren in Marrakech, Morocco, require targeted interventions considering various factors, such ...Missing: Marrakesh | Show results with:Marrakesh
  379. [379]
    Prevalence of overweight/obesity and its associated factors among a ...
    This study examines the prevalence of overweight/obesity and associated factors in type 2 diabetic patients in the Beni-Mellal Khenifra region in Morocco.Missing: public issues
  380. [380]
    Investigation of the Presence of Toxoplasma gondii, Giardia ...
    Jun 5, 2023 · This first study showed that drinking water in the region of Marrakech contained parasites which could represent a risk for consumers.Missing: diseases Marrakesh
  381. [381]
    Six of the Most Common Diseases in Morocco - The Borgen Project
    Aug 18, 2017 · Typhoid fever is one of the most common diseases in Morocco, and is spread through contact with food or water contaminated by fecal matter ...Missing: Marrakesh | Show results with:Marrakesh
  382. [382]
    Assessment of the health hazards associated with wastewater reuse
    Aug 6, 2025 · Wastewater irrigation fields can be the biggest risk factor for waterborne disease transmission, as several studies in Morocco have shown ...
  383. [383]
    Morocco - Traveler view | Travelers' Health - CDC
    Stay safe around water​​ Schistosomiasis, a parasitic infection that can be spread in fresh water, is found in Morocco. Avoid swimming in fresh, unchlorinated ...
  384. [384]
    Addressing the mental health needs of those affected by the ... - LWW
    Dec 13, 2024 · To fortify mental health support efforts following the earthquake in Marrakesh, integrating evidence-based practices like Cognitive Behavioral ...
  385. [385]
    [DOC] The Public Perceptions of Mental Illness in Moroccan Culture ...
    Beliefs about mental health held by persons in Morocco, and also in the United States, are often characterized by stigmas directed towards people with mental ...
  386. [386]
    COVID-19 national lockdown in morocco: Impacts on air quality and ...
    This study aims at comparing the air quality status, before the pandemic and during the confinement. It was performed in Casablanca and Marrakech from Morocco.Missing: Marrakesh | Show results with:Marrakesh
  387. [387]
    Morocco's 2025 Youth Uprising: Health System Collapse, Social ...
    Sep 29, 2025 · AP News reports that WHO data from 2023 shows 7.7 medical professionals per 10,000 inhabitants, while certain regions, including Agadir's ...
  388. [388]
    https://www.moroccoworldnews.com/2025/10/265066/morocco-launches-49-new-health-centers-amid-growing-youth-protests-over-healthcare/
  389. [389]
    https://www.moroccoworldnews.com/2025/10/264650/morocco-launches-health-reform-plan-to-address-overcrowded-emergency-rooms/
  390. [390]
    Morocco's health sector faces paradox of shortages and ...
    Aug 23, 2025 · The number of public sector healthcare jobs has also increased, from 4,000 in 2019 to 6,500 projected in 2025, 60% of which are for nurses and ...Missing: Marrakesh | Show results with:Marrakesh
  391. [391]
    Exploring Patients' Acceptance of Mental Health E-services in Morocco
    Dec 21, 2024 · The stigma associated with mental health issues can also discourage patients from using digital services, as they may worry about privacy ...
  392. [392]
    From gridlock to flow: PTV Vissim transforms traffic in Marrakesh
    May 22, 2025 · Discover how Marrakesh reduced congestion by 20%, improved bus efficiency, and enhanced pedestrian safety using PTV Vissim's traffic ...Missing: statistics | Show results with:statistics
  393. [393]
    [PDF] Up Lost Time: The Empirical Case Study of Signalized Intersections ...
    This study explores the influence of a high percentage of motorcycles on the traffic flow and congestion in. Marrakech by examining the impact of motorcycle ...
  394. [394]
    Alsa Marrakesh – Bus Schedules, Routes & Updates - Moovit
    Alsa Marrakesh is a public transportation provider in Marrakesh which operates bus routes. The Alsa Marrakesh has 49 bus routes in Marrakesh with 1697 bus stops ...
  395. [395]
    Horaires des autobus urbains de Marrakech/Alsa Maroc
    Informations sur les horaires des bus urbains de Marrakech. Vérifiez toutes les informations sur les heures de départ des bus urbains.
  396. [396]
    Only 18% of Moroccans Use Ride-Sharing Apps Despite High ...
    Jun 5, 2025 · The survey shows that public transportation remains the primary mode of travel for 72% of Moroccans. Among these users, 50% rely on small taxis, ...
  397. [397]
    Taking a taxi in Morocco: meter, soliciting, large and small taxis…
    Aug 6, 2018 · Moroccan taxis don't have a good reputation… somewhere Marrakchi taxis are on the same level as Mexican taxis (which I don't know).
  398. [398]
    Impact of delivery and private Riders' roles on safety behavior in ...
    The main objective of this paper is to examine safety behaviors among motorcycle riders in Marrakech, Morocco, with three specific objectives: (1) to compare ...Missing: Marrakesh | Show results with:Marrakesh<|separator|>
  399. [399]
    4th Global Ministerial Conference on Road Safety - Home
    ROAD SAFETY MOROCCO - The 4th Global Ministerial Conference on Road Safety is taking place in Marrakech, Morocco, on February 18 - 20, 2025.
  400. [400]
    Fourth Global Ministerial Conference on Road Safety
    Feb 18, 2025 · The Fourth Global Ministerial Conference on Road Safety was held in Marrakech, Morocco, on 18-20 February 2025. Hosted by the Government of ...
  401. [401]
    Event Summary: 4th Global Ministerial Conference on Road Safety
    Mar 3, 2025 · The conference brought together leaders and experts from around the world to review progress at the midpoint of the Decade of Action for Road Safety 2021-2030.
  402. [402]
    Marrakech Train Station - Morocco Trains
    There are 16 daily direct trains to Fes via Casablanca Voyageurs station and another two direct connections to Tangier. Book Railway Tickets in Morocco.
  403. [403]
    Train travel in Morocco - a beginner's guide - Seat 61
    Buses leave from the Supratours terminal next to Marrakech railway station, so train-bus connection is easy. Marrakech - Agadir costs about 110 dirhams (€10) ...
  404. [404]
    Morocco Trains|High-speed Railway Map, Timetable & Tickets
    Morocco's ONCF trains are comfortable, with online booking up to six months prior. Popular routes include Casablanca to Marrakech, with reclining seats and ...Marrakech Train Station · ONCF Trains · ONCF Economy Class Seat · Train Station
  405. [405]
    Took First-Class Train Ride in Morocco, Not Luxurious but I Loved It
    Jul 24, 2024 · My husband and I took the full route on ONCF's train from Marrakech to Fes in first class. The trip was far from luxurious, but I loved it.
  406. [406]
    ONCF Begins Upgrades in Casablanca Region for Kenitra ...
    Sep 2, 2025 · King Mohammed VI launched construction work on the Kenitra-Marrakech High-Speed Rail Line (LGV) at Rabat-Agdal train station in April.Missing: Marrakesh | Show results with:Marrakesh
  407. [407]
    King Mohammed VI Launches $2 Billion Casablanca Rail Projects
    Sep 24, 2025 · The projects complement the high-speed Kenitra-Marrakech rail line, a 430-kilometer project launched in April by the King, which forms the ...Missing: Marrakesh infrastructure<|separator|>
  408. [408]
    Marrakesh Express (2025) - All You Need to Know BEFORE You Go ...
    Rating 3.8 (22) The Marrakech Express is an overnight journey from Tangier to Marrakech. It's very cheap even if you go first class which gives you a 4 berth carriage (only 1 ...
  409. [409]
    All scheduled direct (non-stop) flights from Marrakech (RAK)
    Marrakesh Menara Airport (RAK) is the second largest airport in Morocco and is based in Marrakech. You can fly to 112 destinations with 42 airlines in scheduled ...
  410. [410]
    https://www.flightconnections.com/flights-from-marrakech-rak
  411. [411]
    Morocco reinforces its development dynamic with a new airport ...
    Feb 23, 2025 · Marrakech: with a current capacity of 8 million and traffic of 9.3 million in 2024, Menara airport is already saturated. The new planned ...Missing: Marrakesh numbers
  412. [412]
    Marrakech Menara Airport Traffic Rises by 33.88% as of Q3 2024
    Oct 31, 2024 · Approximately 6,724,707 passengers traveled through Morocco's Marrakech Menara International Airport as of the end of September 2024, a 33.88% ...Missing: Marrakesh | Show results with:Marrakesh
  413. [413]
    Morocco Gets To Work On Marrakesh, Agadir Airport Expansions
    Aug 27, 2025 · The plan will see its passenger terminal expand to 142,000 m2 (1,528,475 ft.2), with upgrades to roadways, green spaces and new fountains. Once ...
  414. [414]
    Morocco starts airport upgrade with contracts worth $440m | AGBI
    Aug 21, 2025 · Jet Contractors secured the Marrakech-Menara project with a bid of MAD2.2 billion. Expanding the passenger terminal to 142,000 sq m will ...
  415. [415]
    EasyJet To Open First African Base In Marrakech - Aviation Week
    Oct 16, 2025 · EasyJet will open its first base in Africa in 2026, establishing a three-aircraft operation at Marrakech Menara Airport (RAK).
  416. [416]
    Marrakech (RAK) - Swissport International AG
    Our services · Baggage Services · Moving of Aircraft · Central Load Control · Aircraft Cleaning · Fueling · Station and Management Control ...
  417. [417]
    Marrakesh Menara Airport | ISAGO Certified ground handling ...
    Our services range from cargo handling, passenger handling, aircraft servicing, ramp services, and more. With an experienced team of over 500 employees.
  418. [418]
    RAK - IAG Cargo
    Marrakesh Menara Airport. Marrakesh, Morocco. Served by: Passenger Aircraft. Sales & Reservations. +212 6 65 14 92 33 · +212 522 26 86 06 · casff@iberia.es.
  419. [419]
    KACM Marrakech - Stadium - Stade de Marrakech - Transfermarkt
    Name of stadium: Stade de Marrakech ; Total capacity: 45.240 ; Built: 2011 ; Construction costs: €84.00m ; Surface: Natural grass.
  420. [420]
    Grand Stade de Marrakech - World of Stadiums
    Address: Route Nationale, Marrakesh · Country: Morocco · Capacity: 45,000 · Opened: 5 January 2011 · Main use: Football · Tenants: ...
  421. [421]
    KACM Marrakech - Club profile | Transfermarkt
    Stats & facts. Official club name: Kawkab Athlétique Club de Marrakech Address: Rue My El Hassan Gueliz BP 891. Marrakech Menara. Morocco. Founded: Sep 20, 1947.
  422. [422]
    Home Page - Royal Golf Marrakech
    Royal Golf Marrakech, established in 1927, is the second oldest course in the kingdom, with 27 holes, a manicured garden, and 15,000 trees. It has two courses.
  423. [423]
    Golf in Marrakech: The top golf courses in Morocco | Edelweiss
    Top golf courses in Marrakesh · PalmGolf Marrakech Ourika · Assoufid Golf Club. Awarded the title of “Africa's best golf course” in 2017, the Assoufid Golf Club ...
  424. [424]
    THE 15 BEST Marrakech Golf Courses (2025) - Tripadvisor
    More Leisure Awaits After Your Round · 3. Fairmont Royal Palm Golf & Country Club · 4. Al Maaden Golf Resort · 5. Golf Club Palmeraie · 6.
  425. [425]
    Tbourida, traditional Moroccan sport - Villa Marrakech
    Jan 29, 2021 · An equestrian theatrical sport that dates back to the 15th century, representing a military assault by Arab and Berber warriors.<|control11|><|separator|>
  426. [426]
    Horse Riding In Marrakech Morocco
    Our horse riding lessons in Marrakech offer much more than just a horse riding experience. You will be welcomed by a passionate and experienced team.
  427. [427]
    Royal Moroccan Equestrian Federation - Wikipedia
    The federation oversees equestrian sporting which includes horse racing, dressage, jumping, and the traditional equestrian sport of fantasia.
  428. [428]
    2025 Africa Cup of Nations Schedule - ESPN
    Africa Cup of Nations Schedule ; BKA · v · EQG · 6:30 AM. Stade Mohamed V, Casablanca, Morocco ; CIV · v · MOZ · 9:00 AM. Stade de Marrakech, Marrakech, Morocco.
  429. [429]
    AFCON 2025 draw: All teams, groups, and match schedule for men's ...
    Jan 27, 2025 · The group stage fixtures for the 2025 Africa Cup of Nations (21 December 2025-18 January 2026) in Morocco have been confirmed.
  430. [430]
    Marrakesh International Marathon | Results - World Athletics
    Jan 26, 2025 · Alfonce Kibiwott KIGEN (KEN) won the men's marathon in 2:08:50, and Tirfi TSEGAYE (ETH) won the women's in 2:25:46.Missing: history | Show results with:history
  431. [431]
    Marrakech Marathon - 1/25/2026 - Worlds Best Road Races
    In the 2015 edition, the race beat all time records with the best on Spanish soil in history, obtained by the athlete John Nzau Mwangangi with a 2:06:13 crono.
  432. [432]
    Moroccan Athletes in the Olympic Games - Olympian Database
    Olympian Database right now holds 455 Moroccan athletes - 85 women and 369 men (including all medal winners). Explore Moroccan Athletes by Sport* ...Missing: Marrakesh | Show results with:Marrakesh
  433. [433]
    Moroccan Traditional Sports - RIZKOU Photographer
    A. Gnawa Wrestling. Gnawa Wrestling is not merely a physical contest but a spiritual journey deeply rooted in Gnawa music and Sufi traditions. Participants ...
  434. [434]
    4 Safe 4 Life: Advances in Road Safety Take Center ... - FBA Global
    The city of Marrakesh, Morocco, is hosting the continuation of the 4 Safe 4 Life (SM4A4L) Program, an initiative by the Fédération Internationale de l' ...<|control11|><|separator|>
  435. [435]
    United Nations Climate Change Conference Marrakesh 2016 - COP22
    During COP 22, parties will begin preparations for the entry into force of the Paris Agreement, and to encourage actions to implement the agreement that will ...
  436. [436]
    COP22: Key outcomes agreed at the UN climate talks in Marrakech
    Nov 19, 2016 · Negotiators from almost 200 countries arrived in Marrakech two weeks ago for the latest annual climate change conference, COP22.Missing: diplomatic | Show results with:diplomatic
  437. [437]
    COP 22 Marrakech - Center for Climate and Energy SolutionsCenter ...
    The Marrakech conference capped an extraordinary year of global progress on climate change: the Paris Agreement's swift entry into force.
  438. [438]
    Leaders Gather in Morocco for a New Road Safety Commitment
    Mar 12, 2025 · The JH-IIRU team at the 4th Global Ministerial Conference on Road Safety in Marrakech, Morocco, from February 18-20, 2025. The 4th Global ...
  439. [439]
    Marrakech and the French, a long and deep friendship
    Aug 13, 2019 · The French presence in Marrakech has its origins in the strong diplomatic and economic relations that the two countries have maintained since the protectorate.Missing: ties | Show results with:ties
  440. [440]
    Morocco : 22 STRATEGIC AGREEMENTS SIGNED WITH FRANCE
    As part of a « reinforced exceptional partnership », 22 agreements worth 10 billion euros were signed in Rabat on October 28 by the Moroccan King Mohammed VI ...Missing: Marrakesh ties
  441. [441]
    France and Morocco - Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs
    Political relations. Our long-standing, excellent bilateral relations are have been marked by intense, regular dialogue since the mid-1990s.Missing: ties | Show results with:ties
  442. [442]
    Morocco earthquake: Why authorities accepted limited foreign aid
    Sep 12, 2023 · Moroccan authorities have come under criticism for accepting limited foreign aid despite rescuers struggling to reach remote regions hardest hit by Friday's ...
  443. [443]
    Morocco Assistance Overview, February 2024 - ReliefWeb
    Feb 2, 2024 · With USAID/BHA support, IFRC provided earthquake-affected communities in Marrakech-Safi with shelter support, including the distribution of ...<|control11|><|separator|>
  444. [444]
    Suzhou, Marrakech become sister cities - Regional - China Daily
    Oct 9, 2022 · East China's Suzhou and the Moroccan city of Marrakech officially established sister city ties on Sept 29, local media outlets reported.
  445. [445]
    Our Sister Cities
    Marrakech became Scottsdale's Sister City in January 2012. ... Its relationship with Scottsdale started in 2015, and we officially became Sister Cities in 2020.
  446. [446]
    Yūsuf ibn Tāshufīn | Berber Leader, Moroccan Sultan & Conqueror
    Ibn Tāshufīn went on to found Marrakech (c. 1062) and conquered almost all of Morocco and Algeria. The fall of Toledo in 1085 and increasing Christian ...
  447. [447]
    History – Saadian Tombs Marrakech
    The Saadian Tombs were built in the late 16th century by Sultan Ahmad al-Mansur, the third ruler of the Saadian dynasty.Missing: figures | Show results with:figures
  448. [448]
    The Saadian Dynasty: A Glorious Chapter in Morocco's History
    Nov 27, 2024 · The Saadians were known for their magnificent palaces, mosques, and mausoleums, which combined traditional Moroccan architectural styles with ...Missing: Marrakesh revival
  449. [449]
    The Orange Trees of Marrakesh - Harvard University Press
    Nov 2, 2015 · In his masterwork Muqaddimah, the Arab Muslim Ibn Khaldun (1332–1406), a Tunisian descendant of Andalusian scholars and officials in Seville ...
  450. [450]
    https://www.imdb.com/name/nm7327253/
  451. [451]
    Loubna Abidar - IMDb
    Loubna Abidar was born on 20 September 1985 in Marrakech, Morocco. She is an actress, known for Much Loved (2015), Sugar and Stars and An Easy Girl (2019).
  452. [452]
    Loubna Abidar: Fame versus Fury - Morocco World News
    Feb 16, 2016 · Loubna Abidar, 30, saw her troubles begin in May 2015, when “Much Loved,” directed by Nabil Ayouch, premiered at the Cannes Film Festival. Until ...Missing: born | Show results with:born<|separator|>
  453. [453]
    Abdessalam Yassine, Leader of Moroccan Opposition Movement ...
    Dec 15, 2012 · Born in Marrakesh in 1928, Mr. Yassine worked for the Education Ministry and wrote two books advocating an Islamic state in Morocco before ...Missing: Abdesslam | Show results with:Abdesslam
  454. [454]
    A Brief Account of Imam Abdessalam Yassine's Biography
    Imam Yassine was born on Monday morning, Rabi' II 4, 1347 (corresponding to September 3th, 1928) in Marrakech. He was reared oscillating back and forth between ...Missing: Abdesslam | Show results with:Abdesslam